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英语句子成分

英语句子成分
英语句子成分

英语句子成分

(一)句子主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。(三)谓语:动词做谓语,谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语的构成如下:

1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:He practices running every morning.

2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:You may

keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:We are students.

(四)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句表示。

例如:划出表语并说出有什么词充当

Our teacher of English is an American. Is it yours?

The weather has turned cold. The speech is exciting.

Three times seven is twenty one?His job is to teach English.

His hobbyis playing football.The machine must be out of order.

Time is up. The class is over. The truth is that he has never been abroad.

(五)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如:

They went to see an exhibitionyesterday.

The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.

They helped the old with their housework yesterday. He pretended not to see me.

I enjoy listening to popular music. I think(that)he is fit for his office.

宾语种类:(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:Lend me your

dictionary, please.

(2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:They elected him their monitor.

(六)宾语补足语:英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。

例如:

His father named him Dongming. They painted their boat white.

Let the fresh air in. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.

We saw her entering the room. We found everything in the lab in good order.

We will soon make our city what your city is now.

(七)定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成

分表示:名词,形容词,代词,分词,动名词,不定式短语,介词短语等

例如:找出定语并看由何种成分充当:

Guilin is a beautiful city.

China is a developing country; America is a developed country.

There are thirty women teachers is our school.

His rapid progress in English made us surprised.

(八)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句

子成分,叫做状语。可由以下形式表示:

Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组)

He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语)

He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.(不定式短语) He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语)

Wait a minute.(名词)

Once you begin, you must continue.(状语从句)

状语种类如下:

How about meeting again at six?(时间状语)

Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.(原因状语)

I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.(条件状语)

Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语)

She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语)

She came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语)

In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.(目的状语)

He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语)

She works very hard though she is old.(让步状语)

I am taller than he is.(比较状语)

英语句子结构

S十V主谓结构He runs quickly

S十V十C主系表结构He seems interested in the book

常见的系动词有:look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fall ill/asleep,stand/sit still,become,turn等

S十V十O主谓宾结构They found their home easily.

S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构He offered me his seat/his seat to me.

带双宾语的动词有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get;rob,warn等

S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构They named the boy Charlie.

We paint the wall white.

宾补为修饰作用

S+V+A S+V+O+A

1.成分上不是不可或缺的

She speaks English fluently.

2.去掉后意义不明

I live in Beijing.

He treated them unfairly.

He put the book in front of her.

练习

指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分:

1.Whether we’ll go depend on the weather .

2. People’s standards of living are going upsteadily .

3. That was how they were defeated.

4.The nursery takes good care of our children.

5.I’ll return the book to you tomorrow.

6.We are sure that we shall succeed.

7. I said it in fun.

8.There are many films that I’d like to see.

9.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking ?

10.I have a lot of work to do.

11.Much interested, he agreed to give it a try .

12.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky .

13.We think it necessary that everyone should attend the meeting .

14.It’s strange that she doesn’t come today .

15.What is your given name?

16.I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.

17.She found it difficult to do the work.

18.Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.

19.I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!

20.Did he leave any message for me?

21.She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.

定语从句

The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.

1.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。

2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

that,which,, where,whom,whose,as,when,why, who

关系代词有

关系副词有

关系限定词有

湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。The house which is by the lake looks nice.

这是他昨天买的钢笔。

This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.

上海是我出生的城市。

Shanghai is the city where I was born.

他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

4. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句

形式上:不用逗号“,”与主句隔开。

意义上:是先行词不可缺少的定语,如删除,主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。

译法上:译成先行词的定语:“...的”

关系词的使用上:A.作宾语时可省略 B.可用that C.可用who代替whom

非限制性定语从句

形式上:用逗号“,”与主句隔开。

意义上:只是对先行词的补充说明,如删除,主句仍能表达完整的意思。

译法上:通常译成主句的并列句。

关系词的使用上:A.不可省略 B.不用that C.不可用who代替whom

The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。

China is a country which has a long history.中国是一个历史悠久的国家。

His mother,who loves him very much,is strict with him.他妈妈十分地爱他,对他要求很严格。

5. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。

The school(which/that)he once studied in is very famous.

The school in which he once studied is very famous.他曾经就读过的学校很出名。

This is the boy(whom/who/that)I played tennis with yesterday.

This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday.这是我昨天跟他打

台球的男孩。

注意:1.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如:look for,look after,take care of等。

This is the watch(which/that)I am looking for.(正)这是我正在找的手表。

This is the watch for which I am looking.(误)

The babies(whom/who/that)the nurse is looking after are very healthy. (正)那个保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。

The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy.(误)

2.若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时只可用whom,不可用who,that;

关系代词指物时只可用which,不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。

The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor.(正)你刚才跟他谈话

的那个人是我的邻居。

The man with that/who you talked just now is my neighbor.(误)

The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(正)我们去加

拿大所乘坐的飞机实在很舒服。

The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.(误)

3.“介词+关系代词”前还可有

some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。如:

He loves his parents deeply,both of whom are very kind to him.他深深地爱

着他的父母,他们俩待他都很好。

In the basket there are quite many apples,some of which have gone bad.篮

子里有好些苹果,有些已经坏了。

6.辨析

1)that 和which

2)同位语从句

练习

1.There are three bedrooms in the house,_____ is Mary's.

A the smallest of which

B the smaller of which

C the smallest of them

D the smallest one

2.The Greens will move into the new house next Monday,_____ it will

be completely finished.

A by the time

B by which time

C by that time

D by this time

3.Alice has a large collection of phone,_____ was taken in London.

A none of them

B no one of which

C all of which

D none of which

4.With the fast development of agriculture, the people ____ village I taught before lived a happy life.

A who

B whose

C in whose

D in which

5.There is a mountain ____ the top is always covered with snow.

A whose

B of which

C it's

D that

6.She may have missed her train, in ____ case she won't arrive for another hour.

A what

B that

C which

D this

7.1)I have three children,and two of _____ are doctors.

2)I have three children, two of ____ are doctors.

8.There two thousand students in our school,____ are girls.

A two-thirds in which

B two-thirds in them

C two-thirds of them D

of whom two thirds

9.I have bought two ballpens,_____ writes well.

A neither of them

B none of them

C neither of which

D none of which

10. These houses are sold at such a low price ________ people expected.

A. like

B. as

C. that

D. which

11. I've never heard so interesting a story ________ you told me.

A. as

B. that

C. of which

D. about which

12. I've seen the same film ________ you saw yesterday.

A. that

B. which

C. as

D. like

13. I'll buy the same coat ________ you wear.

A. that

B. which

C. as

D. like

14. He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.

A. which I think is

B. which I think it is

C. which I think it

D. I think is

15. ________ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

16. This is the first time ________ he has been here.

A. that

B. when

C. at which

D. which

17. I don't like ________ you speak to her.

A. the way

B. they way in that

C. the way which

D. the way of which

29.The weather turned out to be very good , ____ was more than we could expect.

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.it

30.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ____ he grew up as a child.

A.which

B.where

C.that

D.when

31.Carol said the work would be done by October,______personally I doubt very much.

A. it

B.that

C.when

D.which

英语句子成分及结构

英语句子成分及结构 (一)句子成分 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 (二)主语: 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如: During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)(三)谓语 谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下: 1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。如:We are students. (四)表语: 表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词VL之后。系动词大致可分为三类:1.be动词类 2.感官类feel / taste / smell / sound/seem / look /appear… 3.变化类become /get / grow / turn/come/go… 4.状态保持类stay/ remain(保持,仍然是)/ keep /prove etc. 表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如: Our teacher of English is an American.(名词) Is it yours?(代词) The weather has turned cold.(形容词) The speech is exciting.(分词) Three times seven is twenty one?(数词) His job is to teach English.(不定式) His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词) The machine must be out of order.(介词短语) Time is up. The class is over.(副词) The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句) (五)宾语 宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如: They went to see an exhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)

英语句子成分

句子的基本结构 一、句子的基本成分 句子的基本成分有以下几种:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语。 1、主语:句子的主体,全句述说的对象。一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句担当,位于句首。 The boy needs a pen. Smoking is bad for you. 2、谓语:说明主语的动作或状态。由动词或系动词加表语担任,常置于主语后。 The train leaves at 6 o’clock. She is reading.

3、宾语:表示动作的对象。一般由名词或代词担当,常置于谓语后。 He won the game. He likes playing computer. 4、表语:用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。一般由名词或形容词担任,置于系动词之后。 He is a student. We are tired. 注意:除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词, 1)表感官的动词: feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。 2)表转变变化的动词: become, get, grow, turn, go 等。

3)表延续的动词: remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。 5、定语:对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。 The black bike is mine.(形容词) The boy in blue is Jim.(介词短语) I have nothing to do today.(动词不定式) 注意:1、当定语修饰不定代词如:nothing , anything , everything , something 等时,定语要放在其后作后置定语。例如:I tell him something interesting. 2、不定式、短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。例如: The boys who are in the room are playing games. 6、状语:用以修饰adj. /v. /adv.及全句,位置灵活。

初中英语句子成分分析.

初中英语句子成份 英语句子与汉语句子一样,都是由单词按照一定的规则所组成的。不同的词类在句中所起的作用是不同的。因此,只有搞清不同词类在句中可充当哪些成分,才能正确分析、理解句子的含义,并能准确地遣词造句,逐渐达到流利地说出地道的英语。 【问】什么是句子成分?英语句子包含哪些成分? 【答】组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。它包括:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语等。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 一:SV(主+谓) 二:SVP(主+系+表) 三:SVO(主+谓+宾) 四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补) 【问】各成分在句中的作用如何?分别由哪些词及短语充当? 1.主语:是句子要说明的人或事物,是句子的主体,一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式或动名词等充当。如: The car is running fast./The girl can sing many English songs.(名词) We are students./This is my pen.Yours is on the desk.(代词) One of my classmates is from Shanghai./Two and three is finve.(数词) The blind need more help.(名词化的形容词) It's bad manners to spit in public.(不定式) Eating too much is bad for your health.(动名词) 【注意】若不定式短语作主语常用it作形式主语,而把真正的主语(不定式短语)放在句后。 .2.谓语:说明主语的动作或状态,也是句子的主体部分,一般由动词充当。动词分为实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词。实义动词单独作谓语,连系动词与表语一起构成谓语,情态动词与省略to的不定式构成合成谓语,助动词与动词原形共同构成谓语部分。如: 由单一动词作谓语:We are Chinese./He has an English-Chinese dictionary. 情态动词加主要动词:We can play the piano./You must see the doctor. 助动词加主要动词构成谓语:She is talking with her sister./I have seen this man before.【注意】谓语与主语在人称与数方面要相互照应。 3.表语:用于说明主语的身份、特征或感受,一般由名词、数词、形容词、分词等充当。常用的连系动词有:be,look,get,sound(听起来),feel,become,smell,turn,taste(尝起来)等。如: They are workers.(名词) Two and three is five.(数词) The story is very interesting.(形容词) M y job(工作)is teaching English.(动名词) She is at home.(介词短语) I feel terrible.(形容词) The dish tastes delicious.(形容词) He is here(副词) It’s getting dark./He got very angry./The hill has turned green.(形容词) 4.宾语:是及物动词所涉及的对象,是动作的对象或承受者。一般由名词、代词、不定式

英语句子结构成份

英语句子结构成份

词类 英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如:a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.):用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 英语句子成分 概念 句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。句子的成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分(在英语中,一般句子必须有主语和谓语),表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。其他成份如定语和状语是句的次要成分。 ▲句子成分分类 1.主语 主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有

(完整)初中英语句子成分详解

英语句子成分 The students of Class Two are seriously reading the book written by Lu Xun. 按句子成分划分,此句为: The students of Class Two are seriously reading the book written by Lu Xun. (主语) ( 定语) (谓语) (状语) (谓语) (宾语) (定语) 按意群划分,此句为: The students of Class Two are seriously reading the book written by Lu Xun. 一、英语各种成分的基本含义及用法 (一)、主语 主语是全句谈论的中心话题。我们在说一句话的时候,首先要明确我们讲的是“哪个人”?或者是一件“什么事”?或者是一件“什么物体”,等。这些代表“哪个人”、“什么事”、“什么物体”等的部分就是句子的主语。 主语是指句子的某个部分,它可能是一个词,也可能是一个词组,还有可能是一个从句,甚至一句话中会有几个并列的主语等等。所以,英语中很多词类(或词组、从句)都可以做主语。另外,英语中还有一种特殊的主语形式叫“形式主语”,例如:It .... that ...句式等。 1. Peter is a well-known pianist. (名词作主语) 2. Two-thirds of the students are boys in our school. ( 数词词组作主语) 3. He likes reading storybooks. (代词作主语) 4. To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure. (不定式短语作主语) 5. What we shall do next is not yet decided. (从句作主语) 6. It took us two hours to travel around the city by subway. (It 是形式主语, to travel...部分是真正的主语) 请指出下列句中主语的中心词。 1. The teacher with two of her students is walking into the classroom. 2. There is a bird flying in the sky. 3. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. 4. It is very difficult to do today's homework without your help. (二)、谓语 在明确了主语后,我们再来说谓语。谓语是用来回答、说明、解释主语“做什么”、“是什么”、“怎么样”等的部分。英语句子中,除少数情况外,谓语必须是动词。而且,除了倒装等特殊情况外,谓语的位置相对来说是固定的,它总是位于主语的后面。 1. His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语) 2. We study hard. (行为动词作谓语) 3. We have finished reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)

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详情如下: (4)有时为了避免头重脚轻,经常会借助“it”充当形式主语,而真正的主语则放在句尾: (5)“There be …”句型 “there be…”比较特殊。在这种句型中,主语的位置在中间。比如: There are six beautiful French ladies walking on the street. 大街上有六位漂亮的法国女郎在散步。 第二:英语中的“谓语” 1. 含义: 谓语是句子的灵魂,主要用来“陈述主语的状态”或者“表明主语发出 的动作”。 2. 分类:简单谓语复合谓语 (1)简单谓语:由一个动词或者一个动词短语构成谓语; I love my girlfriend. 我爱我的女朋友。

My boss stayed up late last night. 我的老板昨晚熬夜了。 2)复合谓语: ①情态动词/助动词+动词构成 ②系动词+表语构成 ③情态动词+系动词: 第三:英语中的“宾语”

(完整版)英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解

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英语句子成分分析大全

英语句子成分分析大全 一个句子至少由两部分构成,即主语和谓语,它们是句子的主要成分。 句子的次要成分包括宾语(包括双宾语中的直接宾语和间接宾语), 表语,定语(包括前置定语及后置定语),状 语,同位语(包括限制性同位语及非限制性同位语), 补语及呼语。 一.主语:是一句话的中心,整句话都谈它的情况。 如:They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) Time flies. (时光飞逝。) 这两句话中分别由代词They ,名词Time 作主语。 二.谓语:是对主语加以陈述,表示主语的行为或者状态。 谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当,因此动词不定式、动名词、不能作谓语。 且谓语动词可以体现时态,单复数的语法现象。 如:They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He enjoys singing songs. (他喜欢唱歌。) 这两句话分别由动词were (are 的过去式),enjoys singing (enjoy doing动词短语)作谓语。其中were 体现出句子的时态为过去时态,且主语的人称为第一人称,enjoys singing 体现出句子的时态为一般现在时,且主语的人称为第三人称。 三.宾语:表示动作的承受者。宾语放在及物动词或者介词之后。 如: I play with him. (我和他玩。) I like Chinese food.(我喜欢中国菜。) 这两句话中分别由人称代词 him ,名词food 作宾语。 直接宾语与间接宾语: 有的动词能够接双宾语,直接宾语指的是动词所涉及的物,间接宾语是指受益于动词所表示行为的人。 如:He gave me a book.(他给了我一本书) He gave a book to me 这句话中 a book 为直接宾语, me 为间接宾语。 又如:My mother bought a schoolbag to me.(我妈妈买了一个书包给我。) 这句话中schoolbag 为直接宾语, me 为间接宾语。 四.表语:用来说明主语的性质或状态。接在系动词之后,其中接在系动词be 后是最常见的情况。 系动词:看起来闻起来听起来感觉起来总是保持三变。 look smell sound feel be keep get seem turn become 如They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。) He is kind.. (他心地善良。) 这两句话分别由名词teachers,形容词 kind 作表语。 五.定语:是用来说明或限制名词的成分,可分为前置定语和后置定语,常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前,构成前置定语;相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面,构成后置定语。

八种句子成分英语

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不定式等可以作宾语。 eg:I will do it tomorrow. The boy needs a pen. I like swimming. I like to swim this afternoon. (二)主系表结构: 1、主语:同‘主谓宾’结构。 2、谓语:联系动词(Link verb):be动词 (am,is,are,was,were,have been);其他联系动词如:become 成为,turn变成,go变和感官动词如:feel, touch, hear, see等。其特点是联系动词与其后的表语没有动宾关系,表语 多为形容词或副词,既,不可能是宾语。 3、表语:说明主语的状态、性质、等。可为形容词、副词、名词、代词、不定式、分词。(1)当联系动词不是be, 而其后是名词和代词时,多表达‘转变为’之意,注意与动宾关系的区别。 eg: He became a teacher at last. His face turned red. (2)感官动词多可用作联系动词 eg: He looks well.他面色好。 It sounds nice.这个听起来不错。 I feel good.我感觉好。 The egg smells bad.这个鸡蛋难闻。 例:Tom is a boy.(Tom是个男孩)主语为Tom,系词 为be动词的第三人称单数is,表语为a boy (三)There be 结构: There be 表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际

英语句子成分17446

英语句子成分 句子是由词或词组(短语)按照一定的语法规则构成的,表达一个完整的意思。在谈话时要用一定的语调,句与句之间要有一定的停顿。在书写时句子末尾用标点符号,如句号、问号、感叹号等。句首第一个字母要大写。 简介 句子的组成部分,包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、补语七种 主语是句子叙述的主体,跟汉语主语是一样的。 谓语说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语由动词来承担。 宾语是动作的对象或承受者,常位于及物动词或介词后面。宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。 主语和谓语是英语句子的两大成分,除少数句子(如祈使句和感叹句等)外,一句话必须同时具有主语和谓语所表达的意思才能完整。主语是针对谓语而言的,是一句话的主题,谓语用来说明主语的情况,为主语提供信息。例如:They are working.主语是they(他们),那么他们在做什么呢?看来没有谓语are working 是不行的。在正常情况下,英语的主语和谓语的位置与汉语一致,也就是说主语在前,谓语紧跟其后。关于哪些词语可以做主语,谓语,何时主谓倒置,主语与谓语的一致情况如何,下面会列出。 主语 定义:主语是句子陈述的对象,同汉语的主语。 哪些词可以充当主语 1,名词 例如:A mooncake is a delicious,round cake. 月饼是一种美味的圆饼 The first truck is carrying a few baskets. 第一辆卡车是带着一个竹篮 The temperature will stay above zero.

气温将高于零。 The doctor looked over Mrs. Brown very carefully. 医生非常仔细地看着布朗夫人。 China does not want to copy the USA’s example.中国不希望复制美国的例子。 2,代词 例如:It’s a young forest. 这是一个年轻的森林。 I don’t know if it will grow. 我不知道它是否会增长。 That’s a bit expensive. 那是有点贵。 You’d better buy a new pair. 你最好买一双新的。 I’m afraid we haven’t g ot any black shoes. 恐怕我们没有黑色的鞋。 3,数词 例如:One and two is three. 一加二等于三 One is not enough for me. I want one more. 一个对我来说是不够的。我想再要一个。 One of them is English. 其中之一是英语。 Suddenly one of the bags fell off the truck.

英语句子成分讲解(详细)

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英语句子成分划分

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英语中的各种句子成分(精心整理;上课使用)

英语中的各种句子成分 ★英语句子的成分有:主语、________、_________、_________、________、_________等。 (试着翻译下面的句子并简单分析句子成分) 1.他姐姐网球打得特别好。 ____________________________________________ 2.我是一名教练员。 ____________________________________________ 一.主语: 主语(subject) 是一个句子首领,其它所有成分都是为她服务的。它的位置一般在_________。 (试着把句子补充完整,然后再说出分别是什么形式充当的主语) 1._________作主语。 __________has fallen across the road. (一棵树倒下横在路上。) Little streams feed big rivers. ( 小河流入大江。) During the 1990s, ___________________has become more and more popular. 在20世纪90年代,美国乡村音乐变得越来越受欢迎。 2._________用作主语。 _______ are not far wrong. (你差不多对了)。 ________ told a joke but it fell flat. (他说了个笑话,但没有引人发笑) ________ often speak English in class. (我们在课堂上经常说英语) 3.________用作主语。 ________ is enough. 三个就够了。 _________ from seven leaves three. 7减4余3。 _____________________ in this class are girls. (这个班里三分之一的学生是女生) 4.__________________用作主语。 The idle are forced to work. 懒汉被迫劳动。 ____________________ marched side by side. 老少并肩而行。 ____________________ should help the poor. 富人应该帮助穷人。 5.______________用作主语。 _____________________can be a problem. 要找到你的路可能是一个问题。

英语句子成分讲解

句子结构成份讲解及练习题 主语:就是一个句子陈述的对象,或是动作的执行者。它回答的是“谁”“什么”的问题。如:我看书。谁看 书?“我”。“我”就是这句子的主语。主语由名词或相当于名词的词充当。(如动词不定式,动名词,代词都可作主语,主语从句)主语(subject): 句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. (名词)He likes dancing. (代词) Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. (动名词) To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book. (主语从句) It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语) 谓语:说明主语是什么,干什么,怎么样。它回答的是主语“干什么,是什么”的问题。如上句中主语“我” 干什么?“看书”。“看书”就是谓语。一个句子,一般都可分成主、谓两大部分(祈使句是省主句)。再细分又可分成谓语(动词)、宾语,表语,补语(包括宾补和主补),定语,状语,同位语等。如第一例中谓语部分可划分成谓语(看)和宾语(书)。谓语部分中心词一定要是一个动词,要么是行为动词,要么是系动词,不同的动词构成不同的句子类型。句子的各种时态、人称和数的变化都在谓语动词上变。谓语(predicate): 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。We study English. He is asleep. 宾语:指谓语动词所涉及的对象,由名、代、数,宾语从句等相当于名词的词句充当,但人称代词要用 宾格。如:还说上例。谓语动词是“看”,看什么?看“书”,“书”是动词“看”所涉及的对象,是“看”的宾语。需要说明的是:只有及物动词和介词或相当于及物动词和介词的短语才可带宾语。宾语:1)动作的承受者-----动宾 I like China. (名词)He hates you. (代词) How many do you need? We need two. (数词) We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. (动名词) I hope to see you again. (不定式)Did you write down what he said? (宾语从句) 2)介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3)双宾语-----间宾(指人)和直宾(指物) He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 表语:是和系动词紧密相连的。在陈述句中系动词后面的就是表语,这就是“主系表”结构。作表语的也 是名词性的词,也可以是从句。表语(predicative): 系动词之后的成分,表示主语的性质、状态和特征。He is a teacher. (名词)Seventy-four! You don’t look it. (代词)Five and five is ten. (数词)He is asleep. (形容词) His father is in. (副词)The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语) My watch is gone / missing / lost. (形容词化的分词) To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. (不定式) The question is whether they will come. (表语从句) (常见的系动词有: be, sound(听起来), look(看起来), feel(摸起来,smell(闻起来), taste(尝、吃起来), remain(保持,仍是), feel(感觉)... It sounds a good idea. It sound sounds strange.

英语句子中句子成分的排列顺序

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英语句子八大成分

英语句子成分讲座 主语 句子一般要有主语。在简单句中,主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语) 来充当。动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用 it 作形式主语。 ■名词作主语 English is very important. 英语是很重要的。 The students all love their English teacher. 这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。 ■代词作主语 They go to school by bus. 他们乘公共汽车上学。 Most of the students come from the countryside. 大多数学生来自农村。 ■动名词作主语 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. 看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。 It’s no use regretting it. 后悔是无用的。 ■动词不定式(短语)作主语 To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 It is very hard to get to sleep. 入睡 谓语 谓语必须由动词充当,但动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词不能作谓语。可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态),行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语,又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。 ■及物动词作谓语 We should help each other. 我们应该互相帮助。 They respect one another. 他们互相尊重(对方)。 All of the students like the novel. 所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。 Did you see many people there? 你在那儿看见许多人了吗? ■不及物动词作谓语 He left here yesterday. 他昨天离开这儿。 You’re driving too fast. 你开车开得太快了。 The teacher came in, book in hand. 老师走进教室,手里拿着书。 He went abroad in the September of 1988. 他于1988年9月出国。 ■连系动词表状态 He is an excellent teacher. 他是位优秀的教师。 Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。 Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。 The box itself is not so heavy. 箱子本身并不重。 表语 表语与连系动词连用,构成系表结构,说明主语的身份或特征,一般由形容词、名词、动名词词、动词不定式、分词等充当。如: They are brother and sister. 他们是兄妹。 Her father is sixty-five. 她父亲65岁。

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