初中英语主谓一致精讲及练习(有答案)

初中英语讲解——主谓一致

主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，下面从两个方面来介绍：

一、主谓一致应遵循的规则：

1．语法形式上的一致：主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。例如：

Jane and Mary look healthy and strong．The number of mistakes was surprising．

2．意义上一致：

1) 主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。

例如：The crowd were running for their lives．单数形式表示复数意义的词有people，police，cattle，militia等。

2)主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。例如：The news was very exciting．

形复意单的单词有news，works(工厂)和一些以ics结尾的学科名．称，如physics，politics，mathematics 等。

3．就近原则。即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如用连词or，either…or，neither...nor，not only…but also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。例如：

Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this．

二、主谓一致应注意的几个问题：

1.由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由or,either…or…，neither…nor…,not only…but also…,not…but…,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。例如：Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是汤姆就是杰克错了。Either this one or that one is OK.这一个或那一个都行。

2.以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news,maths,physics等，例如：No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。

3.a number of+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数；the number of +复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。例：A number of famous people were invited to party. 许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。The number of the students is over eight houndred. 我们学校学生数超过800人。

4.当kind of,pair of, glass of 等表示确定数量的名词短语修饰主语时，谓语与kind,pair,glass等一致。例如：T his pair of shoes is Tom’s.这双鞋是汤姆的。There are two glasses of wather on the table. 桌上有两杯水。

5. the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. 穷人很快乐，富人却过得不快乐。

6.以here，there开关的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致。例如：There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书，三只钢笔。Here are some books and paper for you. 这是给你的书和纸。

7.不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,

nobody,no one,nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数，例如：Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齐了吗？Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。Nobody was in. 没有人在家。

8.由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。例如：The writer and teacher is coming.那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)

The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)

9. people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。例如：People here are very friendly.这儿的人很友好。His family isn’t large. 他家的人不多。My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。

10.many a+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。例如：Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。

11. more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。例如：More than one student has ever been to Beijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。

12.表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如：Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。

13.主语是each/every/no+单数名词+and(each/every/no)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。

14. one and a half+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。

15.动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：To see is to believe 眼见为实Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。

16. a/an+单数名词+or two 作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如：A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。

17.当主语部分含有with，toge ether with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。

18.分数(百分数)+of +名词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词的数。但要注意population 一词，用作整体时，谓语动词用单数，用其部分做主语时，谓语动词形式用复数。Part of the work has been done by us .Ten percent of the apples were bad .The population of China is 13.6 billion and 70%of the population are peasants .

19.不定代词由all, most, more, some, any, none作主语时，也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数；如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。例如：All of the work has been finished.

All of the people have gone.

20.在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。注意：在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句谓语的单复数取决于one前是否有the (only)、the very。如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如没有the only，就用复数形式。This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked. He was the only one of the students who was late for school.

主谓一致练习题

1. The old ____well looked after by the government in China.

A. is

B. are

C. has been

D. was

2. The secretary and manager ____very busy now.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

3. Both the secretary and the manager _____agreed to attend the meeting.

A. has

B. have

C. are

D. was

4. Tom as well as two of his classmates _____invited to the party.

A. was

B. were

C. have been

D. had been

5. Either you or I _____going to the teachers‘ office after class.

A. am

B. is

C. are

D. will

6. Most of his spare time ____spent in reading.

A. are

B. were

C. was

D. have been

7. This is one of the best novels that ____appeared this year.

A.have been

B. has

C. had been

D. have

8. Ten thousand dollars _____quite a large sum.

A.are

B. is

C. were

D. have

9. About 20 percent of the work ____done yesterday.

A. are

B. is

C. were

D. was

10. Mr Smith，together with his children，____arrived.

A.are

B. has

C. is

D. have

11. It ____I who _____leaving for London.

A.is…is

B. am…is

C. is…am

D. am…am

12. Not only Tom but also his wife ____fond of watching television.

A. are

B. were

C. be

D. is

13. When and where to build the new factory ____yet.

A. is not decided

B. are not decided

C. has not decided

D. have not decided

14. Although the first part of the book is easy，the rest ______.

A. are difficult

B. has proved difficult

C. is supposed difficult

D. have been found difficult

15. That they were wrong in these matters _____ now clear to us all.

A. is

B. was

C. are

D. were

16. Half of his goods ____ stolen the other day.

A. are

B. were

C. is

D. was

17. Mathematics ____the language of science.

A. are

B. are going to be

C. is

D. is to be

18. Each of the students _____ a Chinese-English dictionary.

A. have

B. has

C. there is

D. there are

19. They each ____ a beautiful handkerchief.

A. have

B. has

C. there is

D. there are

20. Between the two rows of trees _____the teaching building.

A. stand

B. stands

C. standing

D. are

21. This pair of shoes ____made in Nanjing.

A.is

B. are

C. have been

D. had been

22. No one except my parents _____anything about it.

A. know

B. knows

C. is knowing

D. have known

23. A number of students _____from the south.

A. are

B. is

C. have

D. has

24. The number of students from the north ____small.

A.are

B. is

C. have

D. has

25. Writing stories and articles _____what I enjoy most，

A.is

B. are

C. was

D. were

26. His “Selected Poems” _____first published in 1965.

A.were

B. was

C. has been

D. are

27. Miss Smith is a friend of ______.

A. Mary‘s mother’s

B. Mary‘s mother

C. Mother’s of Mary

D. Mary mother‘s

28. A good deal of money ____spent on books.

A. have

B. has

C. have been

D. has been

29. On the wall _____ two large portraits.

A. hangs

B. hang

C. hanged

D. hanging

30. _____turn green in spring.

A. Leaf

B. Leafs

C. Leave

D. Leaves

31. Father went to his doctor for ____about his heart trouble.

A. an advice

B. advice

C. advices

D. the advices

32. All but one ____here just now.

A. is

B. was

C. has been

D. were

33. The number of people invited _____fifty，but a number of them _____absent for different reasons.

A. were；was

B. was；was

C. was；were

D. were；were

34. The air in big cities _____very dirty by factories.

A. are often made

B. is often made

C. have often made

D. has often made

35. Nobody ____to smoke in the cinema.

A. allows

B. allow

C. is allowed

D. are allowed

36. The Chinese people _____hard-working and brave.

A. are

B. is

C. has been

D. are being

37. ____can be done _____been done.

A. All；have

B. All that；have

C. All；has

D. All that；has

38. John has two brothers，but either ____out of work now.

A. are

B. is

C. has

D. have

39. The police ____the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.

A. is searching for

B. were searching for

C. are searching for

D. were searching

40. Apples of this kind ____.

A. tastes good

B. tastes well

C. taste good

D. taste well

41. Your trousers ____dirty，you must have _____washed.

A. is；it

B. are；it

C. are；them

D. is；them

42. Where ____rubbish，there are flies.

A. there are

B. there is

C. is

D. there has

43. The Olympic Games ____held every ____years.

A. is；four

B. are；four

C. is；five

D. are；five

44. Many a man _____ come to help us.

A. have

B. has

C. is

D. are

45. He is the only one of the students who _____elected.

A. are

B. have

C. has

D. is

46. Three-fourths of the homework _____today.

A. has finished

B. has been finished

C. have finished

D. have been finished

47. Those who ____ in ____compositions，please hand them in this afternoon.

A. hasn‘t handed；his

B. haven’t handed；their

C.has handed；their

D. have handed；his

48. Jane is one of the best students in her class who _____by their teacher.

A. are praised

B. is praised

C. praised

D. praising

49. The whole class _____the teacher attentively.

A. are listening to

B. is listening to

C. are listening

D. is listening

50. The United States of America _____one of the most developed countries in the world.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

KEY：

1-5 BABAA 6-10 CDBDB 11-15 CDABA

16-20 BCBAB 21-25 ABABA 26-30 BADBD

31-35 BDCBC 36-40 ADBBC 41-45 CBBBD

46-50 BBAAA

主谓一致专项练习

一单项选择：

1. Eating vegetables______ good for our health.

A. is

B. are

C. were

D. was

2. More than one person _______ made the suggestion.

A. was

B. has

C. were

D. have

3. I think ______ of the materials I listened to at the beginning of the exam ______ easy.

A. two thirds; is

B. second three; are

C. two thirds; are

D. two third; are

4. Neither you nor Lin Hua _______ to the Great Wall before.

A. had been

B. has gone

C. has been

D. have been

5. The writer and teacher ______ coming now.

A. is

B. are

C. has

D. have

6. Something _____ gone wrong with my TV set.

A. has

B. have

C. is

D. are

7. Nothing but grass and trees _______ the hill.

A. covers

B. cover

C. covering

D. are covering

8. Physics ______ more interesting than Maths, I think.

A. are

B. is

C. was

D. were

9. Each student and each teacher ______ to see the film.

A. go

B. wish

C. are

D. wants

10. Either Tom or I ______ to blame.

A. to be

B. am

C. are

D. is

11. There ______ a desk, two beds and four chairs in the room.

A. is

B. are

C. has

D. have

12. Lucy, together with her two brothers, often _______ to the park on Sundays.

A. go

B. goes

C. are going

D. is going

13. There ______ a pair of shoes on the floor. The shoes______ mine.

A. are; is

B. is; is

C. is; are

D. are; are

14. None of that money on the table ______ mine.

A. is

B. are

C. been

D. have

15. —Could you get me a piano, Mum? —There ______ enough room for one in our home.

A. is

B. are

C. isn’t

D. aren’t

16. The family I am staying with _______ very friendly.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

17. Our team ______ the World Cup!

A. has won

B. have won

C. are won

D. is won

18. Our country _______ great changes in the last 30 years.

A. experience

B. experiences

C. has experienced

D. experiencing

19. The police _______ having a meeting in their office at ten yesterday.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

20. The number of people invited _____ 50, but a number of them _____absent for different reasons.

A. were; was

B. was; was

C. was; were

D. were; were

21. A library with 5000 books _____ to the nation as a gift.

A. is offered

B. has offered

C. are offered

D. have offered

22. I told him what I was surprised ______ his attitude towards his study.

A. is

B. was

C. at is

D. at was

23. On the wall ______ two large portraits(肖像).

A. hangs

B. hang

C. hanged

D. are hung

24. All that can be done ________.

A. has been done

B. has done

C. have done

D. were done

25. The singer and the dancer ______ come to the meeting.

A. has

B. have

C. are

D. is

26. I have finished a large part of the book; the rest ______ more difficult.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

27. The wounded(伤员) _______ by the hospital.

A. has taken in

B. has been taken in

C. have taken in

D. have been taken in

28. The following _______ some other examples.

A. are

B. is

C. was

D. were

29. The whole class _______ the teacher attentively(认真地).

A. are listening

B. is listening to

C. are listening to

D. is listening

30. “All _______ present and all _______ going on well,” our manager said.

A. is; is

B. are; are

C. are; is

D. is; are

31. The rich ________ not always happy.

A. are

B. is

C. has

D. have

32. He is the very thief that the police ________.

A. is after

B. is looking

C. are after

D. are looking

33. The third and last chapter(章节) _______ by Professor Chen.

A. are written

B. are writing

C. is written

D. is writing

34. One third of the students in our school _______ girl students.

A. is

B. are

C. was

D. were

35. Many a writer of newspaper articles ________ to writing novels.

A. has turned

B. have turned

C. being turned

D. are going to turn

36. None of your projects ________.

A. working out

B. work out

C. is worked out

D. worked out

37. Going to bed early and getting up early _______ a good habit.

A. is

B. are

C. were

D. was

38. I don’t think one hundered dollars _______ a big sum of monny to him.

A. will be

B. would be

C. is

D. are

39. Neither of your suggestions ________ sense. (make sense:有意义；说得通)

A. makes

B. make

C. is made

D. are made

40. Your trousers _______ dirty; you must have ______ washed.

A.is; it

B. are; it

C. are; them

D. is; them

二用所给词的正确形式填空:

1. ______ (be) everything OK?

2. Nobody _______ (know) the answers to the question.

3. Ten divided by two ________ (be) five.

4. Most of the drinking water _______ (be) from the Black River.

5. Not only she but also I _______ (do) morning exercises every day.

6. Either you or he ______ (have) made a wrong decision.

7. The family _______(be) spending the weekend together.

8. Bread and butter ______ (be) her daily breakfast.

9. The police _______ (be) trying to catch the thief.

10. The number of the teachers in the school ______(be) 120.

参考答案：

一1——5 ABCCA 6——10 AABDB

11——15 ABCAC 16——20 BACBC

21——25 ADBAB 26——30 ADACC

31——35 ACCBA 36——40 CACAC

二 1 is 2 knows 3 is 4 is 5 do 6 has 7 are

8 is 9 are 10 is