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2020年北京市高考英语模拟试题与答案

本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

注意事项:

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)（略）

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

You might have heard a lot about ancient towns and ancient cities in China. Here, we list several of the most beautiful ancient villages in China.

Baoshan Stone City, Yunnan Province

Baoshan Stone City was built on a huge mushroom-shaped rock, and only has about one hundred houses. The houses are laid out in an orderly way, built on the rock, and linked by stone steps. The Naxi people there still lead an original life and grow crops in terraces (梯田); you can experience the colorful culture of the Naxi ethnic (民族的) group there.

Tuvas Village in Kanas, Xinjiang

Kanas Tuvas Village is near the mysterious Lake Kanas. The small village is located in a valley, and only has about 80 houses. These Swiss-style wooden houses are all surrounded by wooden fences. Tuvas is an ancient minority group. They traditionally lived as hunter-gathers. You can visit a local family, go herding (放牧) with the locals and experience the peaceful ancient village life.

Jiaju Tibetan Village, Danba, Sichuan Province

Jiaju Tibetan Village is known as the “Tibetan fairyland”. It stands on a mountain slope, and consists of about 140 houses. These unique houses are all built with crown-shaped roofs, red eaves, and white walls, which make the houses look like little castles among the forest.

Xijiang Miao Village, Guizhou Province

If you re interested in the Miao Minority, Xijiang Miao Village can be a great destination for deepening your understanding of Miao history and culture. It’s the largest Mi ao village in China, and now has 1432 households with a population of over 5000, of which 99.5% are Miao ethnic group. It’ s also famous for the houses built on stilts (支柱) of different heights.

1. What can you do in Kanas Tuvas Village?

A. Hike in terraces.

B. See houses of a foreign style.

C. Go hunting with the locals.

D. Learn about houses built on stilts.

2. Where can you admire the houses like castles?

A. In Baoshan Stone City.

B. In Kanas Tuvas Village.

C. In Jiaju Tibetan Village.

D. In Xijiang Miao Village.

3. What can we infer about the villages mentioned in the text?

A. They remained secret to the outside world in the past.

B. They were originally built to defend their homeland.

C. They are still cut off and difficult to access nowadays.

D. They are the ethnic villages with unique architecture.

I was in the seventh grade, and we had moved to New Jersey in November. By then, everyone already had had their own friends, and no one wanted to talk to a new girl. To make things worse, they put me in “Section L”. I found out later that everyone called Section L “Loserville”. It was sort of an open secret that it was the section for troublemakers and not-so-smart kids. When I found out, I wanted to scream. I had always been a good student and had amazing friends, and now everyone thought I was a loser!

I did text my friends in Illinois almost every night, especially my best friend, Ana. At first my friends wanted to hear all about it. But then some stopped texting back once I said something about how miserable I was. One night when I was texting with Ana, I complained about another friend who had just done that.

Ana’s texts came really fast for the next few minutes and they surprised me. She said that she was tired of hearing about how bad everything was in New Jersey, too. She said she did not want to hurt my feelings but that I needed to stop feeling so sorry for myself all the time, I had to try to make things better.

The next day, I thought a lot about what Ana had said. She was right!

I wish I could say that everything changed overnight after that, but it didn’t. I was still stuck in “Loserville”, and some people were still mean to me, even though I tried to just stay out of their way.

But what did change was me—I stopped feeling so sorry for myself and did something about making friends. I signed up to make sets for the school play. I met a lot of new people there, and suddenly I had friends to say hi to in the halls!

I still miss Illinois sometimes, but life in New Jersey isn’t so hard anymore. Even though I couldn’t change my situation, I could change my attitude—and that made all the difference.

4. “Loserville” is a section for ________.

A. failures

B. good students

C. class secrets

D. newcomers

5. The writer complained all the time in the new environment because ________.

A. Ana didn’t text back to her

B. her friends hurt her feelings

C. she was unfairly treated

D. she was a good student

6. What made a difference in changing the situation?

A. She went back to Illinois.

B. She ended friendship with Ana.

C. She fought back with her classmates.

D. She began to make friends with others.

7. The best title for the passage can be ________.

A. Lasting Friendship

B. An Incidence at School

C. Say Goodbye to “Loserville”

D. Unhappiness in “Loserville”

Moscow city authorities have begun using comics（漫画）with characters from Russian fairy tales to explain to migrants（移民）how they should behave. They say a 100-page guide is needed to "keep a positive image" of the city and could help reduce "tensions" between natives and migrants. But critics have pointed out that foreign migrants and natives may be regarded as antagonists in the manual(手册).

Russians and migrants have repeatedly flooded in Moscow recently. Many migrants from ex-Soviet republics in Central Asia, the Caucasus（高加索）and North Caucasus, arrive in Moscow every year, attracted by the capital’s job opportunities and relatively high salaries. A significant number of them work

in the Russian capital illegally.

The new guide in Russian seeks to explain the "dos" and "don’ts" to migrants. They are urged not to cause trouble, by staring at women, or eating or talking loudly on the streets. They are also warned that the police may routinely（例行公事）stop them to check their documents.

In the manual, Russia’s famous "three warriors" are meant to represent the city’s law enforcement agencies（执法机关）, while Prince Y uri Dolgoruky (a historical character) is used for tours around Moscow. Meanwhile, Vasilisa the Wise and The Snow Maiden test the reader on Russia’s language a nd history. A special section of the book explains the importance of following Moscow’s strict residency and employment rules, stressing that migrants could otherwise be deported(驱逐出境) or banned from entry.

The manual was written primarily for illegal migrants, Alexander Kalinin, who heads the group Support for Working Migrants in Moscow, told BBC Russian.

"We want to raise their level of law awareness," he added.

Migrant characters had initially(最初) been identified as representatives of different nationalities, but the book’s authors later decided to drop this idea so as "not to offend anyone", said Mr. Kalinin.

"The old conflict between Russian heroes and non-Slavic invaders is being revived," Yevgeny Varshaver, a migration expert told BBC Russian. He also suggested that the language used in the book would be "difficult" to understand for some migrants who were not native Russian speakers.

8. The underlined word "antagonists" in Paragraph 1 can probably be replaced by "_____".

A. friends

B. acquaintances

C. cooperators

D. opponents

9. People from other countries come to Moscow "_____"

A. to find well-paid jobs

B. to have a new lifestyle

C. to enjoy the fine climate

D. to experience a new culture

10. The third paragraph is mainly about"_____".

A. consequences the migrants may suffer

B. the purpose of publishing the handbook

C. the measures to attract foreign migrants

D. characters and their functions in Russian fairytales

11. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?

A. Ways to help foreign migrants to settle in Russia

B. Characters from Russian fairy tales have new jobs

C. More and more foreign migrants to work in Moscow

D. Moscow fairy tale comics to help migrants behave

In this Pennsylvania city, Pittsburgh is shrinking but getting wealthier. Since 2000, its population has declined by 95,000 while its income per capita (人均) has shot up 24 percent. The trend is taking hold in many other cities, like Buffalo in New York, Providence in Rhode Island and New Orleans.

Some of these areas have created more high-paying jobs in energy, health care or education. Others have managed to reshape their producing industry for a new economy. Higher-paying jobs have a greater effect because they create demand for additional services. "The story in Pittsburgh is very positive, and other areas are looking at it as an example of the transformation that might be possible，”said Guhan Venkatu, who wrote an economic history of the area called “Rust and Renewal” for the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.

Carnegie Mellon University and the University of Pittsburgh have helped bring tech jobs and innovation(革新) to the area by sponsoring tech centers that help graduates start companies without moving to Silicon Valley or San Francisco. This has helped keep Pittsburgh's educated young population growing even as the entire population in the city has dropped.

Pittsburgh has more STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) jobs than other shrinking cities, about 80, 000 or 7% of all jobs. STEM jobs add productivity and income growth to the area. Manufacturers of high-tech medical equipment in the Pittsburgh area also have doubled employment in the last 10 years.

However, some experts question whether growing income per capita can really make up for a declining population. According to Patrick Adler, a researcher at the University of Toronto, population loss does matter if it means lower-skilled workers have fled because of a lack of opportunity. What's more, high-paying jobs in education and health care can disappear if the population declines too greatly. So it'd be wise to find ways to increase the population.

12. In what aspect does Pittsburgh set a good example?

A. Transforming old energy into new energy.

B. Creating more well-paid jobs.

C. Prohibiting the manufacturing.

D. Sponsoring higher education.

13. How do some academic institutions help with the local economy?

A. By helping to attract more talents from other areas.

B. By providing much technical support to local companies.

C. By hosting tech centers for local educated graduates.

D. By assisting in employing a large number of educated youths.

14. Why is Patrick Adler mentioned in the last paragraph?

A. To show the disadvantage of a declining population.

B. To suggest increasing high-paying jobs.

C. To raise doubts about growing income per capita.

D. To tell a reason why lower-skilled workers flee.

15. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. How Fast Job Growth Is Related to Population Growth

B. How Less-crowded Cities Plan Their High-tech Economy

C. Why Some Cities Are Losing People but Getting Wealthier

D. Why Some Cities Are Suffering From a Shrinking Population

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Nowadays along with the booming of computer science, computers are widely used here and there. People even can find computers in most classrooms. While teachers remain more or less the same, computers are doubling in speed and capability every four years. ___16___ As far as I am concerned, teachers still play a major role and are still of great importance.

___17___ However advanced they may be, computers are nothing more than human inventions programmed to perform certain tasks.

They are unable to deal with students with different background. Needless to say, a classroom is a place where individual attention and creativity matter most. Therefore, computers are no better than other tools used by teachers and couldn’t possibly make the roles played by them weaker.

In terms of accuracy and the amount of information, computers outshine humans. ___18___ Indeed, a good teacher organizes and inspires the students.

Besides, the interaction between students and teachers is vital for the learning. According to most

education authorities, real learning occurs during the discussion and sharing of ideas with one’s teacher and classmates. Moreover, a teacher is there to monitor every slight change in students’ attitude, to respond to and encourage them whenever they show signs of frustration and impatience. ___19___ Despite the increasing presence of computers inside classrooms, teachers are just as essential, if not more so, as instructors were in the past. ___20___

A. It’s time that teachers should develop themselves.

B. Without this kind of interaction, education is unimaginable.

C. Advanced as computers may be, some teachers are less impatient.

D. But to make a good teacher means far more than being an encyclopedia (百科全书).

E. People can’t help wondering whether teachers are as important as they once were.

F. Some drawbacks make it impossible for computers to replace teachers in classrooms.

G. It is well known that computers are better at repetitive work but incapable of creative thinking.

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

You never know how far a kind act can go. You don’t know who it can ____21____, either. When Gloria Porter and Jeff Reick began ____22____,they had no idea how much it would ____23____ others to shower (大量给予) people with kindness.

89-year-old Gloria Porter was lying in hospital. She couldn’t leave her ward. So to ____24____ boredom, she would often stare outside her window to watch construction workers building the new front entrance to the hospital. She wasn’t expecting one of the ____25____ to wave to her. She couldn’t help but wave back at the kind ____26____. This was only the start of a special ____27____ between the two.

Jeff Reick knew Porter was ____28____,so he decided to send a kind ____29____ to her by finding some chalk and writing “Get Well” on one of the beams (梁) facing her ____30____. “I just thought that was ____31____,” Porter said. “So I should do something to ____32____ that.”

When Porter saw construction workers working high above the ground one cold, windy day, she grew ____33____. She wrote “Stay safe” o n a piece of paper, which she then ____34____ on the window for the workers to see. “When I saw 4 Stay safe’ on a piece of paper, I ____35____ and said to my coworkers, ‘Did you see that?’” Reick said.

The hospital staff took photos of that and ____36____ them on social media. The simple acts of kindness ____37____ and many people were employed in similar acts, including one woman who delivered ____38____ pizza to the construction workers.

“I just try to lead by example and never expect so much ____39____,”Reick said. “If everybody

____40____ does things like that, the world will be a better place.”

21. A. disturb B. employ C. affect D. describe

22. A. communicating B. singing C. arguing D. explaining

23. A. require B. warn C. force D. encourage

24. A. make for B. put off C. figure out D. escape from

25. A. workers B. nurses C. doctors D. patients

26. A. job B. inspiration C. gesture D. favor

27. A. business B. connection C. difference D. trouble

28. A. lonely B. upset C. ill D. poor

29. A. 1etter B. message C. note D. warning

30. A. window B. entrance C. wall D. door

31. A. impolite B. necessary C. familiar D. precious

32. A. record B. return C. recover D. remember

33. A. puzzled B. worried C. thrilled D. annoyed

34. A. knocked B. installed C. placed D. drew

35. A. came down B. broke down C. showed up D. turned around

36. A. shared B. found C. mentioned D. deleted

37. A. happened B. succeeded C. spread D. formed

38. A. expensive B. free C. ordinary D. cheap

39. A. participation B. satisfaction C. solution D. introduction

40. A. merely B. apparently C. especially D. willingly

第二节(共10小题;每小题L5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Researchers examined the benefits of singing among people with mental health conditions ___41___ (include) anxiety and depression.

They found people who took part in a community singing group improved their mental health and that

the combination of singing and socialising was an important part of ___42___ (recover).

The grassroots action runs weekly singing workshops for the people ___43___ mental health conditions as well as the general public. It ___44___ (original) began at a hospital in 2005, ___45___ afterwards moved into the community. Around 120 people now attend four free workshops each week across Norfolk, two thirds of ___46___ have had contact with mental health services.

The research project followed the group for six months and ___47___ (undertake) interviews and focus groups with participants, organisers, and workshop ___48___ (leader).

The report shows how singing and socialising gave participants ___49___ feeling of belonging and wellbeing that often lasted a day or ___50___ (many), as well as improved social skills and confidence.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10 处错误，每句中最多有三处。错误涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改仅限一词；

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Recently, as the development of the Internet, there is a kind of language calling the Web Language. The other day our class have a discussion about whether we should welcome the Web Language. Forty percent of students think it ridiculous. In their opinions, it can’t help people communicating, nor is it useful for learning English. Besides, it will make Chinese more standard, finally ruining our mother tongue. However, 60% of our class are fond of it. They think it simply , convenient and helpful in expressing themselv es. Personally, I don’t think that a good habit to use the Web Language. It may be popular, but you may also make yourself be misunderstood.

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

52.你校英语节组织“你最喜爱的卡通电影人物”英语征文评选。你打算推荐“花木兰”，请你根据以下提示写一篇短文参加评选。

（1）简述木兰代父从军的故事；

（2）你喜欢这一角色的理由。

注意：（1）词数100左右；

（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

（3）文章的开头已为你写好，不计入词数。

______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ __________________

参考答案

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)（略）

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

1. B

2. C

3. D

4. A

5. C

6. D

7. C

8. D

9. A 10. B

11. D 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. C

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

16. E 17. G 18. D 19. B 20. F

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

21. C 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A

31. D 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D

第二节(共10小题;每小题L5分,满分15分)

41. including 42. recovery 43. with 44. originally 45. but 46. whom

47. undertook 48. leaders 49. a 50. more

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

51.改错依次为：

（1）as→with（2）calling→called（3）have→had（4）forty percent of后面加the

（5）opinions→opinion（6）communicating→communicate（7）more→less

（8）simply → simple（9）that→it（10）yourself后的be去掉

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

52.例文：

I wish to choose Mulan as my favorite cartoon character.

As a famous cartoon character in china, Mulan has enjoyed long lasting popularity among children, teenagers and even adults. Her story has been adapted into movies at home and abroad.

Living in the Wei Dynasty, a time of continuous war, every family was forced to send a man to join the army. However, Mulan’s father was too old to fight, while her brother was too young to join. Thus, Mulan decided to conceal her gender and take her father’s place to join the army. To her credit, she managed to integrate into the army without being recognized and even served better than most of her comrades. After years of fighting, Mulan returned to her hometown and cared for her elderly parents.

I have been fascinated by Mulan since the first time I read her story. With her bravery, sense of responsibility and deep love for her family, she has deeply influenced and greatly inspired me. No other characters are more encouraging than Mulan in my mind.

I would strongly recommend everyone to read Mulan’s story or watch the movie about it.

2014年高考英语重庆卷-答案

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（重庆卷）英语答案解析一、单项填空 1.【答案】C 【解析】本题的是代词辨析。anything任何事情；something某些事情，重要人物；nothing什么也没有，没有事情；everything所有的事情。句意：微笑不要我们花任何东西，但是却会给我们很多。本题中的关键词是but说明上下文之间是转折关系，所选之词要和后面的much表示相反的意思。故C正确。【考点】代词辨析。 2.【答案】B 【解析】本题的是交际用语。A没关系（用来回答对方的道歉）；B我很高兴要做某事…（后面常常和but 连用，表示委婉地拒绝）；C遇见你很高兴；D我找不到任何理由。句意：—为什么不在这里多待一会?—我想多待一会，可是我真的必须得走了。本句的关键词是but，说明本句表示的是委婉地拒绝对方。同时在to 后面省略了stay here a little longer。故B正确。【考点】交际用语。 3.【答案】C 【解析】本题的是情态动词意义辨析。Can’t不可能；做不到；dare not不敢；needn’t 不必；may not也许不；句意：我已经点了一些披萨，所以当我们很累地到家的使用，不必担心做饭的问题。Need既可以作为情态动词，也可以作为行为动词。当它作为情态动词的使用常常用于疑问句和否定句中，表示“不必”。根据句意说明C正确。【考点】情态动词。 4.【答案】A 【解析】本题的是时态题中的一个常考的用法。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常常使用一般现在时代替将来时。本句中的连词before引导的就是一个时间状语从句，所以使用一般现在时代替将来时。句意：在你忘记之前最好把他的电话号码写下来。故A正确。【考点】时态。 5.【答案】B 【解析】本题的是非谓语动词中分词做定语的用法。本句中的动词return与前面的名词cameras构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语在句中做定语来修饰cameras，从语法作用上来说相当于一个定语从句which are returned…。D项中使用的是不定式的被动形式，表示的将来要发生的事情。句意：这位生产商经

【附20套高考模拟试题】重庆市南开中学2020届高三二诊模拟英语试题含答案

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