定语从句专项练习题及详解

定于从句讲解和训练

定于从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

关系副词有：when, where, why等。

一关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1)who, whom, that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换)。例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.

3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。

二关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如：There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.

2)that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如：

His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.

三判断关系代词与关系副词

方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。

判断改错：

(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

A.where

B. that

C. on which

D. the one

B.关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。

四限制性和非限制性定语从句

1)定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性）

2))The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.

3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.

说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

五介词+关系词

1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。 2)that前不能有介词。

3)某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的\"介词+关系词\"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。例如：This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 。

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

六 as, which 非限定性定语从句

由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this 或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：

As we know, smoking is harmful to one\'s health. 如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。

The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.

as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：

(1)as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。

(2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which。

(3) the same…as;such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。例如：

I have got into the same trouble as he (has). 我碰到了跟他一样的麻烦。

七关系代词that 的用法

1)不用that的情况 a) 引导非限定性定语从句时。例如：

(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.

b) 介词后不能用。例如：

We depend on the land from which we get our food. 我们依赖土地获得食物。

2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

a) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little 等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

b) 先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。

c) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.

d) 先行词既有人，又有物时。例如：

All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题。

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。

定语从句专项练习题及详解

1.the place _______interested me most was the children's palace.

a. which

b. where

c. what

d. in which

2.do you know the man _______?

a. whom i spoke

b. to who spoke

c. i spoke to

d. that i spoke

3.this is the hotel _______last month.

a. which they stayed

b. at that they stayed

c. where they stayed at

d. where they stayed

4.do you know the year ______the chinese communist party was founded?

a. which

b. that

c. when

d. on which

5.that is the day ______i'll never forget.

a. which

b. on which

c. in which

d. when

6.the factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.

a. where

b. to which

c. which

d. in which

7.great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.

a. where

b. that

c. which

d. there

8.this is one of the best films _______.

a. that have been shown this year

b. that have shown

c. that has been shown this year

d. that you talked

9.can you lend me the book ______the other day?

a. about which you talked

b. which you talked

c. about that you talked

d. that you talked

10.the pen ______he is writing is mine.

a. with which

b. in which

c. on which

d. by which

11.they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.

a. whom

b. who

c. which

d. that

12.the engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old.

a. to whom

b. on whom

c. with which

d. with whom

13.it there anyone in your class ______family is in the country?

a. who

b. who's

c. which

d. whose

14.i'm interested in ______you have said.

a. all that

b. all what

c. that

d. which

15.i want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.

a. which

b. who

c. what

d. as

16.he isn't such a man ______he used to be.

a. who

b. whom

c. that

d. as

17.he is good at english, ______we all know.

a. that

b. as

c. whom

d. what

18.li ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.

a. i went with

b. with whom i went

c. with who i went

d.i went with him

19.i don't like ______ as you read.

a. the novels

b. the such novels

c. such novels

d. same novels

20.he talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.

a. which

b. that

c. whom

d. what

21.the letter is from my sister, ______is working in beijing.

a. which

b. that

c. whom

d. who

22.in our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women.

a. them

b. which

c. whom

d. who

23.you're the only person ______i've ever met ______could do it.

a. who;/

b./; whom

c. whom;/

d./; who

24.i lost a book, ______i can't remember now.

a. whose title

b. its title

c. the title of it

d. the title of that

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/f910932828.html,st summer we visited the west lake, ______hangzhou is famous in the world.

a. for which

b. for that

c. in which

d. what

26.i have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on tv.

a. that

b. which

c. as

d. it

27.i can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent

together.

a. when; which

b. which; when

c. what; that

d. on which; when

28.the way ______he looks at problems is wrong.

a. which

b. whose

c. what

d./

29.this is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting.

a. in which

b. with which

c. that

d. for which

30.this machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.

a. after which i have looked

b. which i have looked after

c. that i have looked after

d. i have looked after

31.the reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.

a. why; that

b.that;why

c. for that;that

d.for which;what

32.he is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.

a.that

b.which

c.for which

d.who

注意此部分只需印一份给老师

参考答案及解析

1. a. which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。

2．c. "和谁讲话”要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为do you know the man whom i spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。

3. d. where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。

4. c. when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

5．a. which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。

6．c. 解析同第5题。

7. a. 解析见第3题。

8. a. 本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。

9. a. “谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。

10. a. with which是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.

11. c. in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse. in front of which在从句中作状语.

12. d. with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.

13. d. whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.

14. a. that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.

15. d. the same……..as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语.

16. d. such……… as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as 作表语.

17. b. as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语.

18. b. li ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom i went to the concert是定语从句.with whom放在从句中为:i went to the concert with li ming.

19. c. as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或the same…as固定搭配，其中such和same

修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。such修饰单数名词时,要用such a……..,本题中such books, such直接修饰复数名词.

20. b. things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.

21. d. who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.

22. c. two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.

23. d. 先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.

24. a. whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which

25. a. for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语be famous for "以……..而闻名".

26. c. 当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as. as在本从句中作主语.

27. a. 两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.

28. d. 在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in (或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。

29. d. for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代.

30. b. which i have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句.

31. a. the reason why… was that….已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有“因为”的含义。

32. b. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.

(完整版)初中英语定语从句讲解教师版

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定语从句 一．考点概述： 本考点是历年高考中考查的重点，主要考查关系代词(who, which,that,whose,whom)和关系副词（when, where, why）的用 法；考查形式：语法填空和短文改错；其次阅读理解和完型填空中长难 句的分析等 二．考点聚焦 功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语 位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后 例如： He is the man who studies in USA. 本句中涉及到三个概念： 1.先行词即 the man：被定语从句饰的词称为先行词 先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样 可作先行词。 2. 引导词即who:起连接的作用 引导词分两类：关系代词和关系副词 关系代词：who;which;that;whose;whom 关系副词：when;where;why 3.从句即studies in USA.：引导词之后的句子。 三．考点精讲 1. 关系代词 : who;which; that; whom; whose 其中关系代词who;which;that;whom用于后面的从句缺主语或宾语的情况 (1)who:指代先行词是人(可做从句的主语或宾语)

She is the girl who I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) That is the man who teaches us English.(从句缺主语) (2)which:指代先行词是物（做从句的主语或宾语） That is the book which I want.(从句缺宾语) There is a bird which stands in the building.(从句缺主语) (3)that: 指代先行词是人或物（做从句的主语或宾语） She is the girl who/that I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) There is a bird which/that stands in the building.(从句缺主语) (4)whom;指代先行词是人，但只用于从句是缺宾语的情况。 She is the girl who/whom I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) That is the man whom teaches us English.(从句缺主语,本句用whom是错误的) (5)whose:指代从句中缺定语的情况（表示所属关系） That is the building whose windows broke last night.(本句中的windows是属于 the building构成一种所属关系即缺少building’s) 2.关系副词：when;where;why(该三个词主要用于从句是不缺主语或是宾语的情况 即从句是个完整句) (1) when:指代先行词表时间如：time；month;year;occasion等(形式上等于介词 +which) I still remember the day when /on which I came to Beijing.(该从句是一个完整的句子，先行词是the day在从句中需要加个介词on来做状语的成分即I came to Beijing on the day) (2)where :指代先行词是地点的词如：place;house;school;也可以是模糊的词如：point;stage;work;situation等(形式上等于介词+which) That is the place where/in which I was born .(该从句I was born也是一个完整句，即不缺主语或宾语的，此时where可以换成in which) (3)why:指代先行词是表原因的词即：reason（形式上只能是等于for+which) That is the reason why/for which he was late for school.