管理类联考英语(二)真题翻译答案2011-2015

管理类联考英语（二）翻译真题及答案

2015翻译

Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2 (15 points)

Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to zone out from the actual d riving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has。

This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route。

The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it shorter。

【参考译文】

想象行驶在一条非常熟悉的路线上。它可能是你通勤上班的路，可能是你赴城或回家的路。不管是哪条路线，你熟知每个转弯，就像熟知你的手背。在这样的旅程中，很容易忽视实际的行驶过程，不关注路过的风景。结果，你感觉行驶的时间比实际的时间要少。

这是熟悉路线效应：人们常常低估行驶熟悉路线所用的时间。

这种效应是由我们分配注意力的方式引起的。当我们行驶在熟悉的线路中，因为我们不必聚精会神，时间似乎流逝得更快些。之后，当我们回想起这段旅程，我们不能清楚地忆起它，因为我们并未留意过它。因此，我们认为这段旅程的时间相对较短。

2014

Section III Translation

Most people would define optimism as being eternally hopeful, endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half full. But that’s exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend. “Healthy optimism means being in t ouch with reality,” says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor. According to Ben-Shahar, realistic optimists are those who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.

Ben-Shahar uses three optimistic exercises. When he feels down ―say, after giving a bad lecture ―he grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction. He analyzes the weak lecture, learning lessons for the future about what works and what doesn’t. Finally, there’s a perspective, which involves a cknowledging that in the grand scheme of life, one lecture really doesn’t matter.

在大部分人眼中，乐观主义就意味着永远满怀希望、无忧无虑，遇事只往好的方面想。然而积极心理学专家认为这种乐观只是假象，不建议人们这么做。哈佛大学教授塔尔?本沙哈尔指出：“健康的乐观主义应该是切合实际的。”他认为，现实的乐观主义者会尽力让事事顺利，而不是迷信万事大吉。

本沙哈尔提出了“三步乐观法”。第一步：在碰到例如演讲表现糟糕这种让人沮丧的情况时，他首先会安慰自己人非圣贤，不是所有的演讲都能拿到诺贝尔奖，总会有些演讲的效果不如他人。第二步：重现场景。他会对这次失败的演讲进行分析，总结优缺点，为以后的演讲吸取经验教训。第三步：形成这样一个观念，要明白在生命的宏大蓝图中，一次演讲着实微不足道。

点评：原文是一篇有关“乐观”的议论文，在语言上并没有什么难度，但其中一些表达涉及到文化相关知识，比如“a half-full glass”以及“to be human”等，需要译者理解其中的文化内涵，在翻译时选择合适的策略，准确表达出原文的效果。因此，在平时的练习过程中要注意文化知识的积累，采用灵活的策略和技巧，保证译文内容上的忠实和语言上的流畅.

2013翻译

I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was, what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able t o do this, since I was four.

I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs. My mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away neatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everybody does-try to put it to o ne side. I don’t think it is harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acute or vivid. I can recalled the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the day before.

I also remember that the musical play Hair opened on Broadway on the same day-they both just pop into my mind in the same way.

翻译：

从过去的53天任选一天，我都能立刻回想起当时我身在何方，当天新闻中发生何事，甚至那天是周几。自从四岁起，我就具备这种能力。

我从来不会因大脑吸收的信息量过大而感到难以承受。我的大脑似乎能够应对这种状况，能够有条理的存储这些信息。当我想起伤心事时，我和其他人的做法一样——将它搁置一旁。我不认为仅仅因为我比别人记得更清楚，就更难把悲伤的过往搁在一边。强大的记忆力并没有让我在情感上比他人体验得更敏锐深刻或更生动丰富。我能回忆起祖父去世的那天，以及他去世的前一天我们去医院看他时感到的悲伤。我也能回忆起同一天在百老汇上演的音乐剧《毛发》——这些回忆都以同样的方式涌入我的脑海中。

2012年翻译

When people in developing countries worry about migration ,they are usually concerned about at the prospect of their best and brightest decamping to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed word. These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates.

Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate. By some estimates, two-thirds of highly educated Cape Verdeans live outside the country. A big survey of Indian households carried out in 2004 asked about family members who had moved abroad. It found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school education, compared whit 3.3% of all Indians over the age of 25. This “brain drain” has long bothered policymakers in poor countries. They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled worked who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make.

译文：

提起发展中国家对移民的担忧时，他们通常是担心本国的优秀人才前往发达国家的“硅谷”、医院和大学的可能性。英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国家给予大学毕业生的优先移民政策，旨在吸引这些高素质劳动者。

大量调查表明，发展中国家中受过良好教育的人更倾向于移民。据估计，三分之二受过高等教育的Cape Verdeans 移居海外。2004年，一项对印度家庭的大规模调查显示，接近40%的印度移民接受过高中以上的教育，而25岁以上的印度人当中受过高中以上教育的人只有3.3%。“人才流失”一直困扰着欠发达国家的决策者们。他们担心这种状况会损害本国经济的发展，使其失去急需的技术人才，而这些人本应留在国内任教、行医，或是发明出新产品让本国的工厂生产制造。

2011年翻译

Who have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volume of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines do-roughly 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?

Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2 depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centers around the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centers need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.

However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much to be down,and not just by big companies.

译文：

从全球范围来看，有谁会想到IT行业释放的温室气体与全球航空公司产生的一样多呢？两者大约各占全球二氧化碳总排量的2%左右。

许多日常工作对环境造成了巨大的破坏。根据每次搜索并得到正确答案的尝试次数，谷歌会排放0.2g至0.7g的二氧化碳。为了迅速将搜索结果传递给用户，谷歌在全球设置了大量的数据中心，并配备功能强大的计算机。这些计算机在排放大量的二氧化碳的同时，也产生大量的热量。因此，这些数据中心需要良好的空调降温，这同时又会消耗更多的能量。

虽然谷歌和其他大的技术服务提供商一样有对自身效能进行严密监控并不断进行改进，然而监控只是减排的第一步，减排仍任重道远，而不能只由谷歌这样的大公司来承担。

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