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雅思写作背诵提高

社会话题的主题词

经济角度的主题词

正面：

stimulate consumption 刺激消费

enhance the product reputation 提高产品的知名度

enhance the brand image 提高品牌形象

enjoy the enormous popularity among the public 在人们中间享有很高的知名度。

attract consumers to purchase products 吸引消费者来购买产品

enhance the circulation of products 加快商品流通

bring more benefits to… 给某人带来诸多好处

Generate more profits to ... 给。。。产生更多利润

Be regarded as the major pillar of economic development 把。。。认为是经济发展的支柱

=Serve as the pillar industry in national economy

Facilitate economic growth 推动经济增长=Serve as the facilitator of economic growth

=Make contribution to economic growth 推动经济增长

reduce the financial burden on the country 减轻国家的经济负担

alleviate the financial pressure on sb减轻了某人的经济负担

increase revenues 增加收益

collect money from tax payers 从纳税人那里获取资金

invest more into a field 投资某个领域

反面

prevent economy from moving forward 阻碍经济向前发展

be regarded as the major barrier to economic development 被认为是阻碍经济发展的主要障碍

bring more losses to… 给某人带来很多损失

increase the financial burden on the country 增加了国家的经济负担

be afflicted with the he avy financial pressure from… 遭受着来自于。。。的经济负担

=suffer from heavy financial pressure from…

科技角度：

正面

improve the technological strengths in different fields 提高在不同领域的技术优势

technological competitiveness 科技竞争力

boost the public enthusiasm for natural science 提高了大家对自然科学的热情

motivate people to pursue science and technology 激励人们去从事科学技术

enhance the national power in the international community 提高国家在国际社会上的能力

improve national defense 提高国防力量

guarantee the public security确保了大家的安全

improve the national status in the international community提高了国家在国际社会的地位popularize science and technology among the public 在大众当中普及科学技术

Technology serves as the driving force for economic development. 科技起着经济发展推动力作用。Technology-intensive industry 技术密集型产业

Develop high technology 研发高科技

Develop environmentally friendly technology研发环保科技

Modern inventions 现代发明

Modern innovations 现代革新

Revolutionary changes 革命性的变化

Dominate the others in many aspects 在很多方面主导别人

enhance the circulation of information 加快信息流通

embark on the information highway 走上了信息高速路

bring consi derable convenience to… 给某人带来巨大方便

bring considerable convenience to people in communication 给人们的沟通带来巨大方便

improve efficiency in work or other aspects 提高在工作或其他方面的效率

diversify the public ways of life 将人们的生活方式多样化

convert the public ideology on ….

改变了人们在。。。方面的想法Be well-informed of … 清楚地知道。。。。

Be open-minded 思维开阔

Have more tolerance of what is different from one’s own 对不同于自己的事物抱有更多的宽容

反面

exert negative effects on the environment 对环境有负面影响

trigger a series of unrecoverable damages to the environment 给环境产生一系列不可修复的坏。

bring negative effects to the public lives 给大众生活带来负面影响

The widespread use of technology breeds the alienation among people. 科技的广泛使用使人们疏远。

Make people develop an unhealthy lifestyle让人们养成了不健康的生活方式

Lead a sedentary lifestyle 过着缺乏锻炼的生活方式

Lifestyle-related diseases which are incurable不可治愈的与生活习惯相关的疾病

Spinal problems 脊椎病

Slipped discs 腰间盘突出

reduce the opportunities of getting in touch with the outside减少了大家和外界接触的机会

be addicted to such technological tools which have enjoyed the enormous popularity worldwide 沉迷于在全球普及的这些科技产品

be indulgent in…=be obsessed with … 沉迷于。。。

社会角度：

正面

strengthen the public responsibility for the society as a whole

加强了大家对整个社会的责任心

create a good social atmosphere 创造良好的社会氛围

maintain social stability 维护社会的稳定

sustain the social development 维护社会的发展

ensure/guarantee justice in the society 确保社会公平正义

ensure equality in different sectors 确保了各个行业的平等

convert the values on … 改变了。。。的价值观

values=outlook 价值观观念

enjoy the keen insight into … 拥有敏锐的洞察力

The public awareness of environmental protection has been greatly improved.

大众的环保意识有了极大的提高

Improve the social system 改进了社会体制

Make contribution to social courses为社会的各项事业作出贡献

Set up a sound social security system 建立一套完善的社会保障体制

develop eco-friendly technology which can bring positive effects to the environment

研发环保科技给环境带来正面影响

Eco-friendly=environmentally friendly 环保的

impose impacts on the environment 给环境带来正面影响

反面

endanger social credibility which is inevitable for the society as a whole 威胁到社会诚信，而诚信度对这个社会很有必要pose a threat to social credibility 威胁到社会诚信

a civilized country 一个文明的国家

reduce the level of civilization 降低国家的文明程度

civil rights 民权

inevitable =indispensable to 不可或缺的

lack the awareness of environmental protection 缺乏环保意识

There is shortage of infrastructure in many cities. 在很多城市缺乏基础设施

Many countries are short of natural resources.很多国家缺乏自然资源

There is shortage of a sound social security system at the moment.

目前还缺乏完善的社会保障体系

At the moment=today=these days=nowadays=in the present=presently 现在目前

Lack the responsibility for the society as a whole 缺乏对整个社会的责任心

There exist undeveloped social systems including charity, healthcare and education. 包括慈善，医疗和教育在内的社会体制还不发达。

Justice in the society fails the public. 社会的公平正义没有得到保证，让大家很失望。

The order of the society is in a mess so that the public lives cannot be made peaceful.

社会秩序混乱因此大众生活无法得到安定。

In disorder =disorderly =messy 混乱

Such violence as unrest, riot and conflict poses a threat to the public security.

诸如不安，暴乱，冲突这样的暴力事件会给大众安全带来威胁。

Be immoral at the moment目前缺乏道德约束

Cultural identity tends to become less unique than before on the background of globalization.

在全球化的背景下，文化特征没有像以前那么有特色。

National identity tends to become ambiguous on the background of cultural assimilation.

在文化同一的背景之下，民族特征逐渐变得模糊、

Protect the endangered traditional arts 保护濒临灭绝的传统艺术

have the bias against 对。。。有偏见

=have the prejudice against

far-reaching effects 深远的影响

social melting pot 社会大熔炉

Deprive sb of freedom 剥夺某人的自由

Some people’s behaviors are against the code of conduct in the society.

一些人的行为有违社会道德准则。

Be ill-informed of social ethics 缺乏社会伦理

exert negative effects on the environment 给环境带来负面的影响

consume natural resources in quantity 损耗了大量的自然资源

公众角度正面

provide people with more opportunities to take part in social activities 给人们提供更多的机会参加社会活动

participate in=be engaged in= 参加

impose impacts on the public psychological health 给大家的心理健康带来正面的影响

improve the standard of living提高了人们的生活水平

bring considerable convenience to people’s lives 给人们的生活带来了巨大的方便

add color to the public lives 给大众的生活增添了色彩反面

take away from sb more opportunities to take part in social activities 剥夺了某人参加社会活动的机会

deprive sb of sth 剥夺某人的某事

exert negative effects on sb’s psychological health 给某人的心理健康带来负面影响

bring much trouble to … 给某人带来了诸多麻烦

reduce the standard of living降低生活水平

add boredom to the public lives 让生活变得无聊

cause unnecessary waste for the public 给大众带来不必要的浪费

expenses 开支 =expenditures

教育话题：学校教育、儿童教育、成人教育、家庭教育等

社会能力和工作能力

正面

1．Help sb develop an interest in … which will be useful in their future. 有助于某人培养在某方面的兴趣，这将会对他们的将来有用。

2． Make sb more sociable and communicative, which is beneficial to their future lives. 让某人变得更加有社交能力和沟通能力，这对他们的将来有好处。

3． By offering more opportunities to sb, schools help them to be more experienced and easier to integrate into the society. 通过给某人提供更多的机会，学校帮助他们更有经验，更容易融入社会。

4． Sb should be taught how to distinguish between right and wrong, which is essential in their future. 应该教某人如何区分是非，这对他们的将来有重要意义。

Distinguish =differentiate 区分

5. be made versatile， which will help them win more opportunities in the job market 让某人更加有才能，这会帮助他们在职场上赢得更多的机会

反面

1． Bother sb, therefore causing them to take no interest in ... 让某人厌烦，因此使得他们对某事不感兴趣

2． Make sb isolated and less communicative, which is regarded as the main barrier to their future because communication plays an important role in their lives. 让某人孤僻和不善于沟通。这被认为他们未来的主要障碍。因为沟通能力在他们的生活中起着主要作用。

Ability grouping

3． Fail to integrate into the society, kicked out of the fierce competition. 不能融入社会，被激烈的竞争所淘汰。

学习能力和学校表现

正面

1. Help sb learn how to get on well with others, which is beneficial to their future work. 有助于某人学会和别人友好相处，这对他们的将来有好处。

2. Cultivate sb’s team spirit 培养某人的团队精神

3. The spirit of teamwork 团队精神

4. Help sb enrich knowledge and broaden their horizons, which is beneficial to their future work. 帮助他们丰富知识，扩大眼界，这对他们的家来工作有好处。

Broaden =expand=widen

5. Allow sb to take advantage of individual strengths and combined efforts. 允许某人利用个人的优势和共同的努力。

6. When students are armed with rich knowledge and skills, they should be given the ability to enhance the transition from school to work. 当学生具备丰富的知识和技能，他们应该具备加快从学校到工作的过渡期。

7. develop students’/ children’s potentials in different fields培养学生/儿童在不同领域的潜力

8. develop sb’s independence by offering him/her more power to determine what he/she should learn in school

9. apply theory to practice 将理论应用于实践

反面

1. Hamper their personal development 削弱他们个人的发展

2. Hamper sb’s independence 削弱了某人的独立性

3. Lac k motives in … 缺乏某方面的动机

4. Make sb fail to get on well with others 不能和别人友好相处

5. Lack the spirit of teamwork 缺乏团队精神

6. Overshadow sb’s talents in … 掩盖了某人在。。。方面的才华

7. Fail to explore sb’s potentials in … 没有挖掘出某人在。。。方面的潜力

8. Make sb stubborn and inflexible in how to apply theory to practice 在将理论如何应用于实践方面死板不灵活

9. Make sb reliant on others 让某人对别人产生过度依赖

10. Lack loyalty to …

情感和心理健康

正面

1. Exert positive effects on their psychological health 给某人的心理健康有正面的影响

2. Help sb strengthen their self-discipline which is reported an index of personal success in the future. 有助于加强某人的自律，自律被认为是以后个人成功的指标

3. Help sb build up confidence and self-esteem 帮助某人建立自信和自尊

4. Strive for superiority 追求优越感

Inferiority 自卑感

反面

1. Exert negative effects on sb’s psychological health 对某人的心理健康有负面的影响

2. Make sb feel arrogant and prideful, failing to get on well with others. 让某人感到傲慢和骄傲，不能和别人友好相处。Bigoted 自大的

3. Make sb feel diffident 让某人感到自卑

4. make sb stigmatized by others 让某人感到被嘲笑

身体健康

正面

Help develop a healthy lifestyle which is effective to control diseases

有助于培养健康的生活方式这有助于控制疾病的产生

Participate in more outdoor activities 多参加户外活动

反面

Make sb get into the sedentary lifestyle which is the main contributor to lifestyle-related diseases.

让某人养成缺乏锻炼的生活方式，这形成了生活方式相关的疾病。

Some people think that watching too much TV at home is bad for children.

Do you agree or disagree?

VIEW: Watching too much TV at home will exert more negative effects on young children.

First of all, due to lack of self-discipline, the kids are always indulgent in enjoying TV programmes for long, reducing the time to contact their peers and forming a solitary personality later on. In other words, they have no sufficient time to take outdoor activities with their classmates or pals. Therefore, they will be isolated away from them and tend to become less communicative.

What is more, they lack the ability in how to distinguish between right and wrong so they are easily misled by unhealthy contents transmitted on the shows. For example, violence and pornography in war movies or thrillers make them imitate those misdeeds. In this case, they may go astray or even commit a crime.

However, even though TV carries more drawbacks to those children, it is not to say that it does nothing for them at all. On the contrary, it can entertain them in their leisure time. On the one hand, they can learn something that cannot be taught in school. On the other hand, they are helped to relieve their stress in schools. But, this merit is conditional. The prerequisite is that they should only come under the supervision and instruction of their parents to watch TV for the reasons identified above.

In terms of what has been argued above, I am convinced that the strengths of TV for the children are outnumbered by the weaknesses so they should be kept far away from it.

观点类文章首段/末段

问题 is a frequent topic of discussion as people try to get a sense of 背景。 Under such condition, I cannot disagree with the viewpoint that 自己的观点。

First of all, it is commonly believed that ….

What is more, research generally shows that ….。

However, even tho ugh …, it is not to say that ….By contrast, …. But, this advantage is conditional. The prerequisite is that ….. (But, this disadvantage can be resolved. The commonly recommended solution is that ….)

Normally, as analyzed above, I am not in contradiction with the perception that 重申自己的观点。

问题的写法

Step 1 判断文章是4段or 5段

Step 2 直接翻译题目意思，找出题目中的2个或以上的关键名词，用这些词写成“问题”。用到的语法是：名词性从句。Whether or not +完整的句子。

背景的写法

社会话题： current affairs

教育话题： educational affairs

自己观点的写法

改写 whether or not 后面的句子

结束段

重申自己的观点的写法：再次改写

练习题

1． Whether or not personal success in the society is based on university theoretical knowledge is a frequent topic of discussion when people try to get a sense of educational affairs. Under this condition, I cannot disagree with the viewpoint that individual achievements are determined by other factors, rather than only theory.

Normally, as analyzed above, I am not in contradiction with the perception that such elements as sociability and psychological health make more contribution to personal establishment. Meanwhile, theory plays a supporting role in this aspect.

补充资料PART ONE 11黄金句型

Part One Golden Structures (黄金句型)

1.开篇

问题 is a frequent topic of discussion when many people have laid more emphasis on 背景.

It is quite common these days for people to discuss 问题 when they have put great stress on 背景.

问题 is an ongoing and heated debate as 背景has been placed in the spotlight these days.

Whether or not young children should be allowed to make use of a computer every day is a frequent topic of discussion when ma ny people have laid more emphasis on children’s education/ their upbringing.

How to rehabilitate criminals, imprisonment or education, is a frequent topic of discussion when many people have put great stress on the increasing crime rate worldwide.

2.过渡

In this case, people’s views vary greatly.

Under such circumstances, individual viewpoints vary significantly/ considerably/

For this issue, I am in accordance with the view that 自己的观点。

For this issue, I am not alone in this opinion that 自己的观点。

As for me, / From my perspective,自己的观点

For this matter, I cannot disagree with the viewpoint that 自己的观点。

For this matter, I cannot oppose the opinion that自己的观点

3. 引子

It is no doubt that …

It is generally known that …

It is universally acknowledged that …

It is of possi bility that …

It is of radical importance that …

It comes to common knowledge that …

It is of interest that …

It is of great benefit that …

It is of value that …

Research generally shows that…

4. 并列

Meanwhile, …

In the meantime, …

In addition,…

Besides, …

Additionally, …

The government should take the responsibility for preserving traditional arts. Meanwhile, the public awareness of the importance of the arts should be improved as well.

5.转折

However,…

Nonetheless, …

Nevertheless, …

Practical subjects play a significant part in cultivating students’ sociability. However, the school authorities cannot ignore the importance of theoretical knowledge.

6. 条件

… providing that…

…on condition that….

… as long as ….

… no matter when/how/where/…

Economy will remain sustainable development providing that the polluted environment is improved greatly.

Students will integrate into the society as soon as possible as long as they are given more opportunities to participate in social practices.

The government cannot shake off heavy debts no matter how hard it works.

Crime is a big issue no matter where it is.

Children cannot apply theory to practice no matter how hard they work.

7. 原因

…for the simple reason that…

…on the grounds that….

The authorities should be obliged to protect endangered animals and plants for the simple reason that they serve as the main elements of ecological balance.

The government should invest more to develop high technology on the grounds that it serves as the major facilitator of national economy.

8. 结果

A ensue(s) when B.

Health problems ensue when people develop a sedentary lifestyle.

Poor academic performances ensue when students are indulgent in playing with computers.

… and as a consequence …

…so that…

Higher education serves as the foundation of national economy and as a consequence the government should provide it for its people.

Traditional arts represent the past history and national identity so that the government is obliged to take effective measures to reserve them.

9. 举例

For instance, …

For e xample, …

A typical case concerns …

…, as it did in the case of …

A typical case concerns those places with more natural beauty which can promote eco-tourism.

Schools can make their students know how to apply theory to practice, as it did in the case of more social practices that are provided by them.

10. 总结

In terms of what have been mentioned above, I am convinced that 自己的观点。

As what I have noted above, it is widely admitted that …

11. 让步

Despite…, it is not to say that…

Despite the importance of theoretical knowledge in education, it is not to say that practical skills do nothing for students. Despite a great many contributors to personal success, it is not to say that the theoretical knowledge learned in university

does nothing in this aspect.

…although …

Children still have no sense of how to make use of those learning gadgets in an effective manner although their parents offer to them promptly.

补充资料第二页第二题Whether the governments or private companies should be responsible for scientific research is a frequent topic of discussion when people try to get a sense of current affairs. Under such condition, I cannot disagree with the viewpoint that the authorities have to undertake the major duty in this aspect.

Normally, as analyzed above, I am not in contradiction with the perception that the states should take the lead in conducting scientific study. Meanwhile, private businesses can play a supporting role in this respect.

2．补充资料第五题

Whether or not long distance flight should be banned is a frequent topic of discussion when people try to get a sense of current affairs. Under such situation, I cannot disagree with the viewpoint that the long-haul flight cannot be prohibited, but encouraged.

Normally, as analyzed above, I am not in contradiction with the perception that the flight should be improved, rather than be abandoned.

讨论类文章

问题 is a frequent topic of discussion as people try to get a sense of 背景。 Under such condition, their standpoints diversify.

Some of them hold that 反对方观点. Firstly, ….What is more, ….

However, their opponents strongly claim that 支持方观点。Initially, it is commonly believed that …. Furthermore,…. Last but not least, …

Normally, as analyzed above, I am not in contradiction with the perception that 自己的观点。

练习题

1． Whether or not prison is more effective than education in reforming criminals is a frequent topic of discussion when people try to get a sense of the increasing crime rate in the world. Under such condition, their standpoints diversify. Some of them hold that the role of skill training cannot be ignored.

However, their opponents strongly claim that the traditional means of imprisonment gets the upper hand in reducing the crime rate.

Normally, as analyzed above, I am not in contradiction with the perception that the conventional way of jailing those offenders takes the lead in rehabilitating them. Meanwhile, vocational training can play a supporting role in this aspect.

In some countries, governments are encouraging industries and businesses to move out of large cities and into regional areas. Do you think advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?

Whether or not the advantages of moving companies out of metropolises into countryside outweigh the disadvantages is a frequent topic of discussion when people try to get a sense of current affairs. Under such circumstances, their standpoints vary greatly.

Some of them hold that the disadvantage of this phenomenon cannot be overlooked.

However, their opponents strongly claim that its advantages get the upper hand.

Normally, as analyzed above, I am not in contradiction with the perception that the drawbacks of business relocation are outnumbered by its benefits.

问题报告类

原因/方案

现象 has been cast in the spotlight these days on the background of social transformation. Under such condition, a range of reasons and resolutions will be presented below.

As for the reasons, first of all, ….

According to the above points, the corresponding solutions will be proposed here. First, …

Normally, 现象 has been getting worse recently. Therefore, prompt steps should be adopted to resolve it. Only if so will people benefit a lot.

现象的写法

1．如果题目中是已知的名词，直接写在句子中；

2．如果是句子的话，写成：the phenomenon that 改写此句

练习题

1. The shortage of water resources has been cast in the spotlight these days on the background of social transformation. Under such condition, a range of reasons and resolutions will be presented below.

As for the reasons, first of all, ….

According to the above points, the corresponding solutions will be proposed here. First, …

Normally, the scarcity of water resources has been getting worse recently. Therefore, prompt steps should be adopted to resolve it. Only if so will people benefit a lot.

后果/方案

现象 has been cast in the spotlight these days on the background of social transformation. Under such condition, a range of consequences and resolutions will be presented below.

As for the problems, first of all, ….

According to the above points, the corresponding solutions will be proposed here. First, …

Normally, 现象 has been getting worse recently. Therefore, prompt steps should be adopted to resolve it. Only if so will people benefit a lot.

原因/后果

现象 has been cast in the spotlight these days on the background of social transformation. Under such condition, a range of reasons and consequences will be presented below.

As for the casues, first of all, ….

According to the above points, the corresponding problems will be proposed here. First, …

Normally, 现象 has been getting worse recently. Therefore, prompt steps should be adopted to resolve it. Only if so will people benefit a lot.

现在请把下列话题的观点罗列出来。

第一类：广告/媒体/艺术/文化/旅游

正面： 1. 宏观经济：盈利性的产业；低投入，高回报；产生巨大利润；让很多从业人员名利双收；

2．社会人文：提高人们的社会意识，加强人们的社会责任感，创造良好的社会氛围；提升文化特质；加深对自己文化的了解

3．个人：给人们的生活带来方便，增添生活的色彩；

负面：

1. 社会人文：威胁社会诚信；破坏了传统文化；让社会不稳定；破坏自然环境。

2．个人：误导大家消费

1． Do the positive effects of advertising outweigh its negative effects?

Whether or not advertising possesses more advantages than disadvantages is a frequent topic of discussion when people lay more emphasis on the effects of mass media/ current affairs. In this case, their views vary greatly.

Some of them hold that the drawbacks of the adverts cannot be ignored.

First，虚假广告很大程度上损害了社会的诚信度，这让人们互相没有信任，不利于社会的发展。

Fake adverts, to a large degree, endanger credibility in the society, which makes people fail to trust each other and is detrimental to the social progress. 如果主题句是社会人文角度的话，支持句首选“对比”的方法。

On the contrary, the society will be friendly and people’s interests cannot be spoiled if there is no fake advertisement. Secondly，广告具有误导的本质，误导消费者冲动消费，造成不必要的浪费.

The adverts are misleading, making the consumers purchase something impulsively and causing unnecessary waste for them. 如果是个人角度的主题句，支持句的方法首选：举例！

For example, when exposed to alluring commercials, young people are likely to buy luxury brands they cannot afford. Thus, it is a heavy pressure on them.

However, their opponents strongly claim that the advertisements contain more advantages./ The advantages of the advertisements get the upper hand.

Firstly，广告作为一个盈利性的产业能提高产品知名度，吸引更多的消费者购买，因此给企业带来丰厚的利润。

Advertising, as a profitable industry, can generate more profits for businesses by enhancing the product reputation and attracting more consumers to purchase their products. 经济类的主题，写支持句的方法首选“解释说明”。 In other words, they serve as the effective channel of making money for companies. Next, 广告，尤其是公益广告能加强人们对社会的责任感，为社会创造了良好的氛围。

The adverts, especially public service ones can strengthen the public responsibility for the society as a whole, thus creating a good social atmosphere. 社会人文角度的第二个支持句的写作方法是“举例”！

For instance, the advertisement for water resources conservation has improved their awareness of saving water in the daily life so that the society can move forward.

Finally，广告是信息的提供者，可以为消费者带来购物的方便，让他们及时地买到适合自己的产品。 They are the information provider which can bring considerable convenience to the consumers and make them buy their suitable products as soon as possible. Therefore, the buyers are well informed.

In terms of the statements identified above, I am not in contradiction with the perception that the drawbacks of the advertisements are outnumbered by the benefits.

练习题

1． Some people think music is only a simple form of entertainment. Do you agree or disagree?

Whether or not music is only a form of entertainment is an often discussed topic when arts have been cast in the spotlight these days. In this case, I believe that music implies more rather than only a form of entertainment.

First, music has turned out to be a profitable industry which helps generate more benefits for businesses and individuals. For example, it, as an industry, embraces more opportunities for talents to occupy. Therefore, they can earn a living by working in this trade.// Record companies can make fortune by releasing albums and launch tour concerts for singers. Meanwhile, those musicians can be made gain fame and fortune overnight.

What is more, it, from the social angle, serves as a messenger to carry more positive news or information to the public. Music for public service is an illustration of this point. As is known, it can strengthen the public responsibility for the society, as it did in the case of music charity campaigns which give a hand to the weak promptly.

Undoubtedly, music plays a fundamental role in entertaining people as well. On the one hand, it helps relieve stress from life and work. On the other hand, it definitely improves their aesthetics. Specifically, people can get a deep understanding of the world and themselves by listening to their favorite music. A master piece of music always reflects reality and personal inner world. Therefore, it is the bridge for them to know the outside and the inner world.

In terms of what have been mentioned above, I am convinced that music plays a positive role in not only creating benefits, but also transmitting messages in the world. Meanwhile, it entertains the public as well.

第二类儿童教育

主题句思路

正面

１．社会能力：社交能力；沟通能力，与人相处的能力

２．学校表现和学习能力：丰富知识，扩大眼界；发掘潜力；培养团队精神；扬长避短

３．心理健康：培养自信；自尊；良好的社会道德；有教养

４．身体健康：养成健康的生活方式

练习题

Using a computer every day can have more negative than positive effects on young children.

Do you agree or disagree?

Whether or not using a computer every day has more disadvantages than advantages for children is a frequent topic of discussion when people have put great stress on the effects of education. For this issue, I cannot disagree with the view that the computers can exert more negative effects on them.

Firstly，因为小孩子缺乏自控力，因此会沉迷于玩电脑，进而减少了和外界的接触机会，使得他们比较自闭。

Because of lack of self-discipline, young children are always indulgent in playing with computers, reducing the opportunities to contact the outside and tending to be isolated away from their peers. In other words, they are easy to form a solitary personality when exposed to the computers. On the contrary, they will be more communicative and sociable if they take more outdoor activities with their pals.

Secondly，因为小孩子缺乏判断是非的能力，因此他们会被电脑上的一些不良信息比如暴力色情的内容所误导，以致于可能在以后走上歧途。

The young children are misled by such unhealthy information on the computers as violence and pornography and may go astray in the future for the simple reason that they lack the ability in how to distinguish between right and wrong. For example, some children who are addicted to playing online games are involved in gang violence or even commit a crime later on. Therefore, the computers are definitely misleading for them.

However，电脑也可以帮助孩子们接触到一些新鲜的知识和信息，可以丰富他们的知识和扩大他们的视野。但是这个好处是有条件的。条件是只有在老师和家长的监督之下才能实现这个好处。even though they have more drawbacks for the kids, it is not to say that they do nothing for them at all. On the contrary, the computers can help the children enrich knowledge and expand their horizons by offering them the latest information. That is to say, online teaching

programmes are updated promptly so they transmit information to the children in a quicker way than the traditional one. But this advantage is conditional. The prerequisite is that it can come true only under the supervision of their parents or teachers.

In terms of what have been mentioned above, i am convinced that the benefits of the computers are outnumbered by the drawbacks so the young children should be kept far away from them.

作业： 1. 二次犯罪率高的原因和方案

2. 青少年犯罪率高的原因和方案

3. 补充资料第二页第二道题

练习题

1． Some people think music is only a simple form of entertainment.

Do you agree or disagree?

First, music has turned out to be a profitable industry which helps generate more benefits for businesses and individuals. For example, it, as an industry, embraces more opportunities for talents to occupy. Therefore, they can earn a living by working in this trade.// Record companies can make fortunes by releasing albums and launching tour concerts for singers. Meanwhile, those musicians can be made gain fame and fortune overnight.

2．Media have an enormous influence on people's ideas and opinions.

Why is this the case? Do you think it is positive or negative?

On the backdrop of mass media proliferated into different sectors， why they exert profound influences on the society as whole has been cast in the spotlight these days. For this issue, I cannot oppose the following reasons.

首先，媒体经过多年的发展已经演变成一种成熟产业，它已经渗透到社会的各个领域.

First of all, with the development of years, the media have been evolved into a ripe industry which has permeated into different fields.

换句话说，媒体具有垄断地位，几乎在所有国家都起着传播信息的独一无二的作用。In other words, they enjoy the position of monopoly that serves as the unique role in transmitting information in most of the countries.

如果人们想要了解世界上发生的热点话题，就必须通过各类媒体。因此，媒体独一无二的导向作用是毋庸置疑的。

For example, if people want to get informed of current affairs, they have to access their targeted data through various media. Therefore, the media undoubtedly play a unique role in guiding the public.

其次，正如前面所言，人们在这种影响下，已经形成了读书看报的习惯，形成了从媒体获取信息的习惯。What is more, people have been made develop the reading habit that they are influenced to get access to information on the media.也就是说，他们在很大程度上已经受制于媒体所传输的某种固定思想。这种依赖性剥夺了读者或观众独立的思考能力。从长远来看，这不利于社会民主和自由思想的产生。

Or that, they, to a large degree, are restricted to certain fixed thoughts. The dependence has deprived their ability in thinking independently. In a long term, it is rarely beneficial to the birth of democracy and free ideology.

第三，在很多国家，媒体是政府的喉舌，他们代表政府向人们传达政见和政策。那么，在这种情况下，媒体就具有权威性，处于劣势地位的民众，受到影响是必然的。就这个方面来讲，很多政府也逐渐提倡人们就社会时事各抒己见，促进社会的进步。

Finally, in most of the countries, the media are considered the voice of the governments that represents them to convey their political ideas and policies. Under such circumstances, they are authoritative, which impose impacts on people who are inferior to them. From this angle, those governments tend to advocate their peoples to express their own thoughts on current affairs. It is beneficial to social progress.

综上所述，媒体对于人们思想的影响是负面的。因此，在很多文明的国家，已经开始倡导人们独立思考，各抒己见。

In general, the media have exerted negative effects on people’s minds. Thus, people, in most of the civilized countries, have been appealed to express their own ideas and thoughts on current affairs.

fool

make public minds dull

第二类儿童教育

主题句思路

正面

１．社会能力：社交能力；沟通能力，与人相处的能力

２．学校表现和学习能力：丰富知识，扩大眼界；发掘潜力；培养团队精神；扬长避短

３．心理健康：培养自信；自尊；良好的社会道德；有教养

４．身体健康：养成健康的生活方式

作业题

Some people think that children should be brought up strictly, while others think it is bad for their growing-up.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

当人们越来越关注儿童教育的时候，家长是否应该严格教育孩子成为一个经常讨论的话题。在这种情况下，我一定支持这样的观点：父母应该严格管教孩子

When people lay more emphasis on children’s education, whether or not parents should strictly educate their children is a frequent topic of discussion. Under such circumstances, I cannot oppose this opinion that they have to subject them to discipline.

首先，研究普遍表明儿童缺乏自律性，所以他们都会沉迷于一些不熟悉或新奇的事情，进而可能会养成缺乏锻炼的生活方式。比如，他们患有近视眼或肥胖症。同时，他们可能会形成孤僻的性格，因为减少了和同龄人一切参加户外活动互相交流的机会。在这种情况下，父母对他们的及时引导和监督或不可缺。

Initially, research generally indicates that those kids lack self-discipline, so they are always indulgent in what is novel or unfamiliar to them, with the possible consequence of developing a sedentary lifestyle. They are afflicted with poor eyesight and obesity, for instance. In addition, they may form a solitary personality on the grounds that they reduce the opportunities to take outdoor activities and communicate with their peers. In this case, the prompt parental instruction and inspection are indispensable to them.

其次，大家都知道他们缺乏区分是非的能力，因此很容易被外界的不良信息所误导，以至于在不久的将来走入歧途，甚至犯罪。比如，网络上暴力色情的内容会给他们带来深远的负面的影响，让他们产生模仿。他们极有可能卷入打架斗殴或杀人的事件中。基于此，父母应该从小给孩子告知什么是错的，什么是对的。

What is more, it is commonly believed that because those children are lacking in the ability in how to distinguish between right and wrong, they are easily misled by unhealthy information, going astray or even committing a crime. For example, violence and pornography on the internet can exert profound and negative effects on them, causing them to imitate those misdeeds. The chances for them to be involved in gang violence and homicide are good. Based on this point, the parents should inform them of what is right and wrong at young age.

但是，虽然父母的监督和指引有重要作用，但是孩子自由的权利不应该被剥夺。相反，孩子拥有自由去做自己喜欢做的事情，可以培养他们的独立性。这样可以帮助他们长大后很容易融入社会。但是，他们的自由是相对的，而并非是绝对的。他们必须在父母的指导下才能真正地拥有自由去做自己喜欢做的事情。原因就是上面所提到的。

However, even though the parental supervision and guidance plays a significant role in children’s upbringing, it is not to say that they should be deprived of their freedom. On the contrary, the children should enjoy the right of freedom which can help cultivate their independence and integrate into their community in the future. But, their freedom is relative rather than absolute. They have to come under the instruction of their parents to freely do what they are into for the reasons identified above.

综上所述，我一定同意这样的观点：父母应该对孩子的成长负责。只有对他们进行及时地指导和监督的话孩子才能健康地成长，才能拥有光明的前途。

In terms of what has been argued above, I am not in contradiction with the perception that the parents should take the responsibilit y for their children’s growing-up. Only if they instruct and inspect their children in time will their children be raised healthily and embrace the bright future.

第三类：学科教育

理论科目VS 实践科目

人文课程VS 理论课程

主题句的思路

正面

1．工作能力和社会能力 : 社交能力的提高；工作能力的提高；将理论应用于实践；

2．学校表现和学习能力：培养了兴趣，挖掘了能力；培养了团队精神；丰富知识；扩大眼界

3．心理健康：独立的个性；良好的社会道德；有教养，自信，自尊

第四类学校教育

与第三类相同的思路

练习题

1．University students always focus on one specialist subject, but some people think universities should encourage their students to study a range of subjects in addition to their own subject.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

当人们越来越关注大学教育的重要性的时候，学生应该学习什么样的课程成为经常讨论的话题。就这个问题，我的观点是：学生除了要学习专业知识之外，一定要多学别的课程.

When people lay more emphasis on the importance of higher education, what subject college students should learn is a frequent topic of discussion. Under such situation, I cannot oppose this opinion that they have to learn more subjects besides their own major courses.

首先，众所周知，包罗万象的课程可以很大程度上丰富学生的知识系统，扩大他们的视野。也就是说，在学习的过程中，努力成为一个多才多艺的人是最终的目标。并且，在现代的激烈竞争中，多掌握知识，一定能够给予这些大学生更多的竞争优势，以便在社会上获得一席之地。

First of all, it is better known that all-inclusive curriculums, to a large degree, can enrich students’ knowledge and expand their horizons. In other words, in the process of learning, they hold the ultimate purpose that they intend to become versatile. Meanwhile, in the modern fierce competition, more mastery/acquisition of knowledge can definitely confer more competitive edges on those students who will win their own foothold in the community.

再次，除了专业课以外的课程，其实在某种程度上可以帮助学生更好的理解和应用专业知识。比如，一些实践类的课程，就可以给学生更多的机会参加社会实践，在这个过程中，他们就能够学会如何将理论应用于实践。因此，丰富的实际操作能力和工作能力让他们在毕业就业的时候，更具有竞争力。

What is more, in addition to those specialist subjects, other courses actually can help the students better understand and apply professional knowledge to some extent. For instance, some practical subjects provide the students with more opportunities to participate in social activities in which process, they can be taught how to apply theory to practice. Therefore, rich abilities in manipulation and work give them the competitive edges when the college students are graduated. 当然，虽然多学不同类型的科目有重要作用，但也不能忽略专业课程。相反，这些课程对于大学生来说，一定是学习的重心。因为，一般情况下，专业课程都是理论性的，而理论知识往往在工作中起着基础性的作用，也就是说，没有了理论的支持，他们都无法胜任一些诸如工程师、医生这样专业性工作。

Undoubtedly, even though those subjects play a more significant part in cultivating the university students, it is not to say that professional courses can be overlooked. On the contrary, they are the focus of the university life. In general situations, those courses are theoretical. As is known, those theoretical skills always serve as the foundation of their future work. That is to say, without the support of the theoretical knowledge, those college students will fail to be competent for such professions as engineers or doctors.

综上所述，我认为学校管理方应该对专业课程和别的课程在教学大纲中都应该以合适的比例安排。只有这样的话，大学生才能在学校学有所得，才能面对以后竞争激烈的职场。

In terms of the points identified above, I am not in contradiction with the perception that the school authorities ought to set all of the subjects proportionately in their curricula. Only if so will the college students learn more in school and ably face intense competition in the future job community.

第五类政府类

政府类一般和别的题目结合着考。比如：政府和科技；政府和旅游；政府和文化；政府和教育等

主题句思路：

正面

1. 宏观经济;为国家带来巨大的经济利益；政府支持的某个方面会对国家经济有重大影响；

2. 社会人文：提高人口素质和文化素质；确保社会的稳定；增加大家对环境/艺术等方面的意识；提高国家的文明程度

3. 个人：减轻了个人的经济负担；给每个人提供了享受教育/医疗/艺术文化等方面的权力

反面

1. 政府的财政:财政预算有限，因此短期内会加大政府负担；

2. 对个人的不良影响：让人们有了依赖性；缺乏了独立性；缺乏自由

练习题

Some people say university students should pay for their tuition fees. Some others say the government should pay for the tuition fees.

What is your opinion?

When people lay more emphasis on higher education, whether or not the government should pay tuition fees for college students is a frequent topic of discussion. Under this situation, I cannot oppose this opinion that the authorities have to undertake the unshirkable duty in this aspect.

Firstly，政府有责任为大学生交学费的原因是人才是国家经济发展的基础.

It is the obligation of the government to afford tuition fees for college students for the simple reason that talents serve as the foundation of national economic development. // The reason why the state has to afford tuition fees for the students is that talents play a fundamental role in national economic growth. In other words, today’s economy is largely based on knowledge, especially high-level expertise in industries. Therefore, a pool of versatile people is urgently needed all over the world. In this case, the administrations have made every effort to cultivate more college students. Secondly，因为高等教育的费用比较昂贵，所以政府的这个行为可以帮助很多家庭减轻负担，确保他们的生活质量。

Because of the expensive educational cost, the government action can help more families to relieve the financial stress in order to guarantee their quality of life. For example, it can assist those students who are brought up in low-income families to access tertiary education. Thus, it ensures the equality of higher education.

众所周知，如果政府给人们提供高等教育，那么人们的素质会得到提高，这有助于社会文明的提高和社会的稳定。

It is well known that if the government provides people with higher education, their quality can be improved, which is beneficial to social civilization and stability. That is to say, the students with university education will be well informed of social ethics in their future lives. Meanwhile, they can acquire more life skills which enable them to hunt for a well-paid job and live and work in peace and contentment.

However，这个行为很大程度上削弱学生的独立性，让他们养成了对外界的依赖，这不利于他们以后的发展。但是这个缺点是可以解决的。大家都认为政府可以通过发放奖学金或助学金的方式来支持大学生。一方面解决了他们的经济困难。另一方面激发了他们的学习动力。

The behavior, to a large degree, hampers/weakens the students’ independence or increases their reliance on the outside, which is detrimental to their future development. But, this disadvantage can be dealt with. The suggested solution is

that the government can support the college students by allocating scholarship or grants to them. On the one hand, it can help alleviate the economic burden on the state. On the other hand,it can motivate them to work hard on their studies. 或者：套用性更强

However, in the short term, the government action will definitely increase the financial burden on itself so that it will ignore the investments in other fields, which is negative to industrial development. Specifically, the government has the limited budget so it cannot pay full attention to different sectors. But this disadvantage can be dealt with. The suggested solution is that private investors can be encouraged to put their money into this field. On the one hand, it can alleviate the financial burden on the state. On the other hand, the investors can surely promote the industrial development under the leadership of the authorities.

In terms of what have been argued above, I am convinced that the government should take the lead in paying for tuition fees. Meanwhile, the private investors can play a supplementary role in this aspect.

练习题

1. In some countries, the national traditional arts are facing extinction. Some people think that the government should support them.

Do you agree or disagree? What should the government do?

Who should be responsible for protecting endangered traditional arts is a frequent topic of discussion when many people have put great stress on the importance of traditions. For this issue, I cannot disagree with the view that the authorities should take the obligation in this aspect.

Firstly，因为传统艺术是一个国家的象征，因此在全球化的背景之下，他们起的作用越来越大。政府应该采取有效的措施来保护他们。 Because traditional arts serve as the national identity, they play an increasingly more important role on the background of globalization so that the government should take effective measures to protect them.

It is the obligation of the government to preserve endangered traditional arts for the simple reason that they serve as the foundation of national development.

Secondly，目前，传统艺术已经演变成一种产业，会给很多相关产业和人员带来丰厚的利润，因此，政府应该支持。 The government support means that the traditional arts can bring huge profits to many related sectors and people because they have turned out to be an industry.

However，传统艺术的保护是一个长期的投资，光靠政府的话，会给政府带来严重的财政压力，进而会忽略其他领域的投资，这对国家的整体发展不利。但是，这个缺点是可以解决的。大家都认为在政府的领导之下，可以吸引私人投资商投资于此。并且要鼓励大家积极参与保护活动。 The preservation for the traditional arts is a long-term investment which cannot only rely on the government funding because it will increase the financial burden on the state. Therefore, the authorities may ignore their investments in other fields, which will pose a threat to national development. But, this disadvantage can be dealt with. It is admitted that under the leadership of the government, private investors can be encouraged to put their money into this field. Meanwhile, people should be encouraged to take part in conservation programs for the traditional arts.

In terms of what have been debated above, I am convinced that the government should take the lead in preventing traditional arts from dying out and meanwhile private companies and people can play a supplementary role in this respect.

第六类犯罪

第一种：犯罪分子的改造方式：关押还是别的惩罚方式？这类文章的主题思路是：关押为主，别的惩罚方式为辅！

第二种：问题报告类：犯罪的原因／方案

１．犯罪率高的原因和方案

２．二次犯罪率高的原因和方案

３．青少年犯罪的原因和方案

练习题

Should criminals be sent to prison or should they do something else as a punishment?

Explain your opinion and give your reasons.

犯罪分子的改造方式：传统的方式为主，新方式为辅

主题句的思路

１．社会人文：维护社会稳定／减少犯罪率

２．个人；对受害人而言，保证了他们的利益。

３．个人：犯罪分子——使得他们有了犯罪纪录，被社会歧视。

How to rehabilitate criminals, prison or other punishments, is a frequent topic of discussion when many people have put great stress on the increasing crime rate in the world. For this issue, I cannot disagree with the view that imprisonment plays a more important role in this aspect.

Firstly，关押一方面限制了犯罪分子的自由，另外一方面震慑了潜在的犯罪分子犯罪，因此很大程度上维护了社会的稳定。

Jailing those offenders not only restricts their freedom, but deters potential lawbreakers from committing a crime as well so it, to a large degree, maintains social stability. If there is no prison, the society will be trapped in a mess mainly because those criminals are at large, without any punishment. Mea nwhile, some people will spoil others’ interests by indulgently doing what they want. Under such circumstances, imprisonment is the most effective.

Next，关押给受害人带来了心理安慰，并且能确保社会上的公平正义。 This practice can bring consolation to victims, and meanwhile guarantee justice in the society.

In contrast, those victims may as well take revenge on the society to strike a psychological balance if the law breakers are not arrested. In the meantime, it will form a vicious circulation and reduce the level of civilization. However，关押使得犯罪分子有了犯罪记录，当他们被释放之后，可能会遭到社会上的歧视，因此无法融入社会，会再次犯罪。但是，这个坏处是可以解决的。解决方案是在关押的同时，给他们进行职业培训，让他们学到一技之长，在释放之后能够养活自己。Imprisonment makes the criminals bear evil records so they may be discriminated after release and fail to integrate into the society, causing them to recommit a crime. But, this disadvantage can be dealt with. The suggested solution is that when they are put into prison, they should be given job training to learn basic skills which can help them earn a living. On the other hand, long-time job or heavy community service can strengthen their responsibility for the society.

In terms of what have been debated above, I am convinced that imprisonment takes the lead in reforming the offenders, and meanwhile, other punishments, say, education or community service can play a supplementary role in this aspect. 犯罪的原因和降低犯罪率的方法

Before a great many changes taking place in the society, the increasing crime rate was almost unheard of. It, however, has aroused the public attention.

犯罪原因的思路

1. 宏观经济

2. 社会人文

3. 个人

There are a great many reasons for this problem. First of all, it is well known that the cost of living is soaring recently so some people fail to meet their basic physical needs, spoiling others’ interests and committing a crime. In other words, poverty breeds crime. Next, there is an uneven distribution of social wealth in many countries so that the gap between the rich and poor is increasing. Based on this point, the poor always have anti-social behaviors and offences. Finally, in a modern society, egoism has been reported the root of crime. Specifically, more modern people tend to get selfish and greedy. In this case, they are always prone to damaging others’ interest just for their own profits. Thus, they disobey laws and rules.

As mentioned above, the corresponding solutions can be proposed here. Firstly, the authorities should improve the public welfare and increase income in order to solve their daily problems, giving them an opportunity to enjoy their lives. What is more, the administration has to set up a sound social security system to allocate social wealth equally to everyone. Only if so will people lead an equal life. Last, the school authorities should strengthen moral education when students are at young age. That means the children should be informed of social ethics which can discipline them later on.

In the light of what has been mentioned above, crime has been getting worse recently. Therefore, immediate steps should be taken to resolve it. Only if so will people live a comfortable life.

二次犯罪的原因、方案

思路：

1．经济

2．社会人文：制度

3．社会人文：改造方式

二次犯罪率高的原因和方案

原因：

1. 社会角度

The discrimination existing in the society is an obstacle to an opportunity for those released criminals to integrate into their community so they are not given a sense of recognition. Thus, they will abandon themselves and continue their misdeeds.

2. 社会/经济角度

The social security system is not sound enough to ensure their life after release. Their criminal acts are largely originated from poor economic realities. If the government fails to deal with their situations promptly, they can not support themselves also after released. In this case, they recommit a crime mainly for earning a living.

3. 传统的改造方式

It is believed that the conventional ways of reforming those criminals are not as effective as imagined. Those methods fail to rehabilitate them, and leave them room for taking revenge on the society when they are out of prison. The reason lies in the fact that they wrongly believe they are not treated equally.

方案

1． A society with the high-level civilization means that every one should be tolerant of those released offenders. In other words, people should give them an opportunity of turning over a new leaf. On the one hand, those offenders can integrate into the society as soon as possible. On the other hand, social security can be ensured.

2. 政府解决犯罪人员的生活问题

同前。

3. 政府应该多方位地改造犯罪分子

Other approaches to rehabilitating criminals should be adopted. For example, when they are in prison, they should be given the opportunities of participating in social activities, say, community service, which can strengthen their responsibility for society. Meanwhile, heavy labor work and field work should be given them as well in order to make them acquire the basic life skills.

青少年犯罪

juvenile delinquency

原因

家庭教育

On the background of the increasing cost of living, many parents are forced to work around the clock, giving less attention on their children’s upbringing. In other words, the communication between them tends to get rare so the children lack their parents’ focus. So they conduct some misdeeds even only to catch their parents’ attention on them.

科技角度

The popularity of modern technology, to some extent, misleads the children and makes them go astray mainly because they lack self-discipline and the ability in how to distinguish between right and wrong. For example, such unhealthy information as violence and pornography on the internet always results in their imitation, involved in gang violence in the street or even homicide.

学校教育

Schools, in most cases, only focus on theoretical knowledge, but ignore to inform their students of social ethics which can discipline their behavior. Therefore, a growing number of children are getting morality-starved.

方案

家长

The parents should spare more time to stay with their children to focus on their psychological health.

政府

The authorities should strengthen the supervision and control over the students using those technologies, say, computers and internet. For example, the bans in some countries have been enacted that the teenagers under 18 are restricted to surfing the internet on their own.

学校

The schools should set up an appropriate curriculum in order to not only impart knowledge to their students, but well inform them of social ethics.

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Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words. 在审题过程中我们需要特别注意以下几点： 1. 时态：关注时态是小作文能否取得高分的关键，同样对于地图题，我们也应该很好地注意时态，本文的时间是明确的，都是过去的时间，因此全文应当使用一般过去时。 2. 顺序：该图属于动态的地图题，这种类型的地图题一律按照时间顺序来写。在这道题中，也就是按照图的顺序依次来写，不要把元素拆开。如果是静态的地图题（即不涉及时间变化的题型），则按照空间顺序来写。在描述单幅地图时，我们可以采取上北下南的顺序描述，或者从左到右的顺序也可以，但值得注意的是，如果地图上有明显的方向标示，那就要根据这个标示来描述。下面我们一起来分析文章的写作。第一段：Introduction 引言段就是把题目进行改写。原文中的diagram，可以替换成figure，原文中的shows，可以改为illustrate, demonstrate, reveal, indicate等词。宾语development，可以替换成transformations，也可以改为宾语从句how the village of Kelsby developed/ changed. 题目中给出的时间比较模糊，可以具体化为in 1780, 1860 and 2000. 【例文】The three maps illustrate how the village of Kelsby changed in 1780, 1860 and 2000. 第二段：描述1780年的地图 1780年的情况只涉及到静态的数据，因此只需要用存在句即可表达，不涉及任何变化的单词。但是，考生非常容易把这些元素全部用there be这个句型来表达，从而导致句式单一。表示存在的句型除了there be之外，还有非常简单的have句型，还有lie/ be located/ be situated这样的结构。另外还有一种倒装句型，比如“桌子上面有一本书”，可以翻译为on the desk is a book. 除此之外，要注意几个元素的顺序问题。这里有四大元素：住宅区homes，树林woods，农场farms，还有一条河流river。理论上只要按照一定的空间顺序（比如顺时针、逆时针，从左到右）都是可以的，但是要考虑家庭数量的变化是导致其它所有变化的根本原因，因此建议先写住宅区homes。还有就是土地单位的表达，land是不可数名词，因此不能说a land，只能说a piece of land。为了表达更加精确，可以用a plot of land（一小块），a stretch of（一长片），a large expanse of（一大片）。另外朗阁海外考试研究中心提醒考生们还要注意方位词的表达。地图题中常用的方位词有：in the east/ west/ south/ north of ...; in the eastern/ western/ southern northern part of ...; 如果是在角落，可以用in the southwestern corner of ...; 在河流的上/下游：at the lower/ upper reaches of the river; 在河岸：alongside the riverbank; 在河流的南端：at the southern end of the river.

雅思写作必背短语以及精彩句型

雅思写作核心语料库 Part 1 1 offer a sense of job satisfaction and security 带来工作的满意感和安全感2lay a solid professional working experience 积累扎实的工作经验 3 reduce/cut down expenditure 削减支出 4increase/generate job opportunities 创造就业机会 6promote talent introduction and exchange 促进人才的引进与交流 7keep skills fresh and up-to-date 保证技术的不落伍 9lay a solid foundation for 奠定坚实的基础 10 pave the way for the future/development 为未来铺平了道路 11foster a sense of competition and cooperation 培养合作感与竞争感 12cultivate the spirit of team working 培养团队合作精神 13master interpersonal skills 掌握人及关系技巧 14widen one’s knowledge 拓宽知识面 15enrich one’s social and life experience 丰富社会与人生经历 16enlarge one’s view/broaden one’s horizon 拓宽视野 17realize the value of life 实现人生价值 18surmount /overcome / win over /master difficulties 克服困难 19grasp good communication skills 掌握人际交流技巧 20remove misunderstanding and discrimination 消除误解与歧视 21keep balance between work and family 保持事业与家庭的平衡 22raise the standard of living提高生活水平 25enrich people’s spiritual life 丰富人们的精神生活 26promote social skills and competence 提高社交技巧与能力 27strengthen the family ties促进家庭团结 28cultivate a strong sense of responsibility 培养强烈的责任感 29bring joys and comforts to sb带来愉悦与舒适 30usher in a brand-new life-style引入全新的生活方式 31relieve the pressure of 缓解压力 32maintain the community stability 保持社会的稳定

雅思作文中要巧用小词短句

雅思作文中要巧用小词短句 “凌波微步”大概是众多武功招术之中最潇洒出尘、最令人心驰神往的了。其流畅洒脱的轻功步法，构成了其核心和精髓。在多年从事雅思写作研究的过程中，青岛 ___雅思中心逐渐总结出来，其实练习雅思写作，就好比修炼绝世武功;而流畅的语言，正如金庸笔下大理世子段誉的那一招“凌波微步”，于轻灵潇洒之中，赢得考官的青睐。很多准备参加雅思考试的同学却往往不通此法，在练习雅思写作的时候，时常纠结于如何把句子写得更“拽”，于是各种复杂的“大词”和长难句轮番上阵;然而不幸的是，在他们苦思冥想如何把句子“秀”得更漂亮的同时，却往往因为语法功底不强而出现诸多错误，甚至忽略了句子的实际表意功能，使文章难懂、费解、错误百出。这就好像一个武功平平的莽夫，总喜欢依靠蛮力取胜;殊不知，高手出招，往往是胜于无形的。而这样动辄“求长、求难”的写作，大概是近年来很多考生的一个共同误区!大家总错误地认为，雅思写作用词要越“大”越好，句型要越长越复杂越好。其实不然!一味地追求“大、长、难”不但不能使文章增色，搞不好还会适得其反，特别是那些基础相对薄弱的考生，“大、长、难”务必慎用!

中国人有句古话叫“尺有所短，寸有所长”。同样地，小词、短句，有时候也会有震撼人心的力量。下面我们来看《IELTS PLUS》里的一段例文： Avoiding pollution can be a full-time job. Try not to inhale traffic fumes; keep away from chemical plants and building-sites; wear a mask when cycling. It is enough to make you want to stay at home. But that， aording to a growing body of scientific evidence， would also be a bad idea. Research shows that levels of pollutants such as hazardous gases， particulate matter and other chemical“nasties”are usually higher indoors than out， even in the most polluted cities. Since the average American spends 18 hours indoors for every hour outside， it looks as though

雅思写作句式大全

IELTS套句式写作大全第一部分：TASK1图表写作套句精选 1.the table shows the changes in the number of...over the period from...to... 该表格描述了在...年之...年间...数量的变化。 2.the bar chart illustrates that... 该柱状图展示了... 3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding... 该图为我们提供了有关...有趣数据。 4.the diagram shows (that)... 该图向我们展示了... 5.the pie graph depicts (that).... 该圆形图揭示了... 6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of... 这个曲线图描述了...的趋势。 7.the figures/statistics show (that)... 数据（字）表明... 8.the tree diagram reveals how... 该树型图向我们揭示了如何... 9.the data/statistics show (that)... 该数据（字）可以这样理解... 10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that... 这些数据资料令我们得出结论... 11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table... 如图所示... 12.according to the chart/figures... 根据这些表（数字）... 13.as is shown in the table... 如表格所示... 14.as can be seen from the diagram,great changes have taken place in... 从图中可以看出，...发生了巨大变化。 15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure,we can see clearly that...or it is clear/apparent from the chart that... 从图表我们可以很清楚（明显）看到... 16.this is a graph which illustrates... 这个图表向我们展示了... 17.this table shows the changing proportion of a & b from...to... 该表格描述了...年到...年间a与b的比例关系。 18.the graph,presented in a pie chart, shows the general trend in... 该图以圆形图形式描述了...总的趋势。 19.this is a column chart showing... 这是个柱型图，描述了... 20.as can be seen from the graph,the two curves show the flutuation of... 如图所示，两条曲线描述了...的波动情况。 21.over the period from...to...the...remained level. 在...至...期间，...基本不变。 22.in the year between...and... 在...年到...期间... 23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 1998... 1995年至1998三年里... 24.from then on/from this time onwards... 从那时起... 25.the number of...remained steady/stable from (month/year) to (month/year). ...月(年)至...月（年)...的数量基本不变。 26.the number sharply went up to... 数字急剧上升至... 27.the percentage of...stayed the same between...and... ...至...期间...的比率维持不变。 28.the figures peaked at...in(month/year) ...的数目在...月（年）达到顶点，为...

雅思写作72个必备经典句型

雅思写作72个必备经典句型 1.It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型 She had said what it was necessary to say。 2.强调句型 It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us。 3.“All+抽象名词”或“抽象名词+itself”(very+形容词) He was all gentleness to her。 4.利用词汇重复表示强调 A crime is a crime。 5.“something(much)of”和“nothing(little)of”“something of”相当于“to some extent”，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为“anything of ”，可译为“有点”，“略微等。”“译为毫无”，“全无”。“much of”译为“大有”，“not much of”可译为“算不上”，“称不上”，“little of”可译为“几乎无”。 something like译为“有点像，略似。” They say that he had no university education, but he seems to be something of a scholar。 6.同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，“of”以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰“of”后面的那个名词。如“her old sharper of a father”，可译为：“她那骗子般的父亲”。 Those pigs of girls eat so much。 7.as…as…can(may)beIt is as plain as plain can be。 8.“It is in(with)…as in(with)” It is in life as in a journey。 9.“as good as…”相等于，就像，几乎如;实际上，其实，实在。 The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him。 10.“many as well…as”和“might as well …as” “many as well…as”可译为“与其……，不如……，更好”，“以这样做……为宜”，“如同……，

雅思写作思路解析之新旧媒体对比

雅思写作思路解析之新旧媒体对比新旧对比一直是雅思写作Task2大作文钟爱的话题之一，像之前2019年1月19日的雅思大作文真题开启复古模式，考的是媒体类的，旧题网上看新闻和报纸上读新闻的比较：More and more people are reading news online, but newspapers are still the main source of news for many people. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 那么，到底怎么比较呢?关于媒体类话题的新旧对比，今天带大家一起做个归纳总结，叨一叨如何做到媒体类话题举一反三。雅思写作思路解析之新旧媒体对比一、分类媒体有很多种形式，在雅思考试中主要是以新旧对比的形式出现，那么究竟何为“新”何为“旧”，首先我们要有个具体的划分，这里的“新旧”主要是从时间概念上来区分，出现较早的媒体主要是我们日常所说的“纸媒”，最经典要推newspapers。此外包括magazines 和printed books 也属传统媒体之列，与之相比，新兴媒体则多指电子产品发展之后随之而来的其他媒体如mobile phones, computers。二、新媒体

多数同学在拿到这样的题目时比较容易接受的观点应该是新兴媒体好，因为大家在生活中真正接触多的也大都是新兴媒体。好是好的，但是如何表达出来呢?这就让很多同学犯了难。多数同学在梳理观点时只能给出一点比较宽泛或者口头话的碎片表达，例如：同学A：新媒体方便啊。同学B：新媒体啥都能看到啊。同学C：还可以跟网友互动呢。同学D：环保思路梳理： 1.方便→为什么方便?如何方便?随时随地可以看新闻。 New media forms based on the technology of internet could provide people more open access to various information regardless of spacial and temporal restriction. 2.啥都能看到→看到的是啥 There is a wide range of information available on the internet, ranging from international news to learning materials for the IELTS exam. 3.跟网友互动→什么样的网友，在哪儿互动 Modern media forms are interactive. They provide a platform where people sharing similar interest or aims could communicate with each other. 4.环保→为什么环保?不用纸，不消耗树木

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雅思写作超实用的88个短句

雅思写作地图题深度解析(上)

雅思写作必背短语以及精彩句型

雅思作文中要巧用小词短句

雅思写作句式大全

雅思写作72个必备经典句型

雅思写作思路解析之新旧媒体对比

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雅思写作背诵提高

2015年雅思写作大作文真题解析

雅思写作常用句子翻译80句

2015年6月6日 雅思大作文解析

雅思写作经典句子

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雅思写作流程图解析

关于雅思写作句式14种句式变换高分内容

雅思写作超实用的88个短句

雅思写作地图题深度解析(上)

雅思写作必背短语以及精彩句型

雅思作文中要巧用小词短句

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雅思写作72个必备经典句型

雅思写作思路解析之新旧媒体对比

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