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汉译英翻译方法

汉译英翻译方法
汉译英翻译方法

汉译英三步骤:

1.理解原文

包括原文逐字逐句的理解、对原文整体思想、观点和态度的理解,也包括对原文句子之

间和各部分之间相互关系的理解。

2.英语表达

在正确理解原文的基础上进行的,不是一对一的死译,而是在理解原文的基础上用相应

的英语结构、词汇和表达习惯准确的表达原文的意思。

3.核对检查

认真阅读自己的译文,要用挑错的眼光来检查译文是否正确表达了原文的意思,是否有

漏译、错译,译文语法如时态、语态、单复数形式和拼写上是否有错误。

汉译英翻译技巧:

1.选择恰当的英语词汇

有些英语词汇不仅有字面意思,还有内含意思。

e.g.“国家”:country, nation, state, land

分别内涵:疆土、人民、政府、感情

有些英语词汇本身含有贬义或一些委婉的意思,运用时要特别注意。

e.g.“宣传”publicize, propaganda (带贬义)

汉译英选词原则:

(1)选适合上下文的词汇

e.g.“观众”:audience,viewer, spectator

分别表示:听音乐会或看戏的观众、电视观众、看体育表演的观众

“条件”不同情况下应用不同的英语词表达:

工作条件:working condition

有利的条件:favorable situation

录取条件:admission requirement

付款条件:terms of payment

词汇选择首先要忠于原文的意思。

e.g.近年来由于就业问题日益严重,有些人建议让没有工作的未婚妇女来替换那些

家务繁重的女工。

“就业问题”:employment problem, unemployment problem(找不到工作就业已

成问题,即失业问题)

“没有工作的妇女”: women without jobs, women hunting for jobs(没有工作又

需要找工作的妇女,不需找工作的并不包括在内)

(2)要注意词的广义、狭义、具体的意思和抽象意思的不同

e.g. ①他讲的笑话逗得我们都笑了。

②他讲的话使我们大家都笑了。

①His joke made us laugh.

②What he said make us laugh.

We all smile at what he said.

(3)选词时不要望文生义,不要死译,要考虑与汉语对应的英语词汇真正的意思。

e.g.①他们的好奇心得到了满足。

Their curiosity has been fulfilled.

Their curiosity has been satisfied.

2 Fulfill

:满足某人的愿望和要求等,不能用于满足好奇心

②他负责学生会的工作。

He was responsible for the student union.

He was in charge of the student union.

Be responsible for

:对某事的发生或后果负责

Be in charge of

:负责某工作

③现在要办成事,关系是非常重要的。

Relationship is very important to do anything nowadays. Nowadays social connections are very important to get things done.

“关系”

:社会关系

使用动词不能望文生义。

e.g.

“接受”

r e c e i v e

接受惩罚:

receive punishment

接受检阅:

pass in review

接受敬礼:

take the salute

接受救济:

be on relief

接受手术:

go under the operation

接受挑战:

rise to the challenge

4

注意词的内在含义,特别是对于含贬义的词要慎用

e.g.

新来的经理很能干,但是也很固执。

The new manager is capable but pigheaded.

The new manager is capable but stubborn.

2.

理清汉语的句子结构

1

看清句子的主语与谓语

e.g.

①晚上躺在这张陌生的床上实在使我难以入睡。At night, being on a strange bed prevented me from sleeping. At night, I couldn’t fall asleep on a different bed.

②非法停车将被拖走。

Illegal parking will be towed away.

Illegal parked cars will be towed away.

2

理清句子与句子之间以及主句与从句之间的关系。

一定要先把主句结构译出来,形成译文的骨架,然后再加进其他成分。

e.g.

专利是一种官方文件,发明人根据该文件可以控制使用他的发明物的权利。

A patent is an official documentby which an inventor can control the right to use his invention.

3.

英语译文要简洁,要符合英语的表达习惯

1

有些汉语中表示抽象范畴的词可以省去

e.g.

①在很多情况下,学生都是到最后期限才写论文。

Many students write their papers just before the deadline.

②两国之间的战争状态终于结束了。

The war between the two countries was over.

③他为了中国人民的解放事业贡献了自己的一生。

He devoted his whole life to the liberation of Chinese People.

2

有些在汉语中重复出现的词语可以省略

3

e.g.

我们应该善于发现问题,分析问题,解决问题。

We should be able to find, analyze and solve problems.

3

有些汉语中重复的意思不必重复翻译

e.g.

①他故意说谎。

He is telling a deliberate lie.

He is telling a lie.

②我们想知道这项研究项目的最终结果。

We want to know the final outcome of the research project.

We want to know the outcome of the research project.

4

汉语中表示动作时间的词和一些习惯性加的动词可以省去

e.g.

①他一直在这个学校教书教了

10

年。

He has been teaching in this school for 10 years.

②有许多人对这本书感兴趣。

There are many people who are interested in this book.

Many people are interested in this book.

4.

汉译英时要注意英语中代词指代的准确性以及修饰结构的位置,以免造成意思上的混

乱。

e.g.

①小李的爸爸让他把书放好。

Xiao Li’s father told him to put his books away.

Xiao Li’s father told him: “Put your books away”.

②这所大学有许多国内外著名的教授。

The university has many well-known professors at home and abroad. The university has many professors well-known at home and abroad.

英语汉译英翻译

Unit 1 1.餐饮行业与电影行业的共同之处在于其小型企业的失败率很高。 The restaurant industry has one thing in common with the film industry: the high failure rate among its small business. 2.他的伟大在于他具有非凡的能力,集科学家和实业家的品质于一身。 His greatness lies in his outstanding ability to connect the qualities of a scientist with those of an industrialist. 3.像工作单位取代居住地一样,我们的种族身份已被职业身份所取代。这一现象在流动作业的行业中表现得尤为明显。 We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhoods with workplace, which is quite obvious among the mobile professions. 4.显然,任何一家大公司的老板都不可能事事亲力亲为,需要找一些方法把他们的理念传达给他人。 Plainly, in any large enterprise the boss cannot be directly involved in everything, and some means have to be found to transfer his belief to others. 5.没有任何人愿意再过那种自己无法控制、要别人认可、任人摆布的日子了。No one was willing to experience the feeling of being out of control and dependent on someone else’s approval, at someone else’s mercy. 6.人们渴望一种成就感,渴望有能力凭自己的手、自己的脑、自己的意志办成事情。 The human being longs for a sense of accomplishment, and being able to do things, with his hand, with his mind and with his will. 7.政府希望通过大量出售资产来弥补损失。 The government hopes that the sale of a chunk of its assets will help make up for its lose. 8.现代社会里人们的身份更多地由他们所从事的职业,而不是他们所生活的社区来界定。

英语翻译答案

汉译英 1.广场舞是社区中老年居民以健身、社交等为目的在广场、公园等开敞的地方进行的健身操或舞蹈,通常以高分贝的音乐伴奏。广场舞在中国大陆无论南北皆十分普遍。对于广场舞的确切认识,社会学界及体育界目前均未达成共识。广场舞的高分贝音乐常常造成噪音滋扰,因此许多居民反对在小区中跳广场舞。 The square dancing is a bodybuilding exercise or dance performed in wide and open places such as squares and parks among the middle-aged and old residents in communities, with the purpose of bodybuilding, socializing and so on, generally accompanied with high-pitched music. The square dancing is very popular all over mainland China, whether in the north or in the south. Neither the sociological circle nor the sports circle has currently reached a consensus on the exact perception of the square dancing. The high-pitched music of the square dancing often causes noisy disruption, and therefore many residents are opposed to the square dancing in communities. 2.故宫,又称紫禁城,是明、清两代的皇宫,二十四位皇帝在此生活起居和处理政务。它是世界现存最大、最完整的木质结构的古建筑群(architectural complex)。宫殿墙壁的色调以红色和黄色为主,红色代表快乐、好运和财富,而黄色代表帝王的神圣和尊贵。近十几年来,故宫平均每年接待中外游客600-800万人次,随着旅游业的繁荣,游客人数有增无减,可见人们对故宫的兴趣长盛不衰。 The Imperial Palace, also known as the Forbidden City, was the palace in Ming and Qing Dynasties where 24 emperors lived and handled government affairs. It is the largest and most complete existing ancient wooden architectural complex in the world. The palace wall was painted mainly in red and yellow. Red represents happiness, luck and fortune while yellow symbolizes imperial holiness and dignity. In recent decades, the Imperial Palace is visited annually by six to eight million tourists at home and abroad. Moreover, with flourishing tourism industry, the number of tourists keeps increasing. It shows people’s everlasting and unfading interest in the Imperial Palace. 3.《新闻联播》是中国中央电视台(CCTV)每日播出的一个新闻节目。节目每次播出时长一般为30分钟。它被中国大陆大多数地方频道同时转播,这使得它成为世界上收看人数最多的节目之一。自从1978年1月1日首次播出以来,它就以客观、生动、丰富的纪实手段记录着中华大地每一天的变化。作为中国官方新闻资讯类节目,《新闻联播》以沉稳、庄重的风格著称。 Xinwen Lianbo is a news program broadcast by China Central Television (CCTV) every day. It generally takes 30 minutes every time to broadcast the program. It is relayed simultaneously by most local television channels in the mainland of China, which makes it one of the world’s most-watched programs. Since it was first broadcast on January 1st, 1978, it has been recording the changes of every day throughout China by documentary means that is objective, vivid and rich. As the Chinese official news information program, Xinwen Lianbo is well-known for its

汉译英翻译实践11

The Prettiest Mother In The World At that time,I was teaching in a rural middle school of Zhang Jiakou countryside.Every morning,I always saw a woman who came into our campus with a bicycle slantly walking through the corridor between offices and classrooms,and she sent bean curd to the refectory.She wore a military cotton-padded clothes which changed into yellow,and there was a cloth rope binding tangly around her waist.Underneath there were black cotton-padded trousers and a pair of galoshes which were not fit for the season.Her hair disheveled was like the habijabi.The woman became waner and sallower when the hair was stired into skeins by wind.Her feet limped severely with one foot deep shallow foot and the bicycle was pushed unstably.I was worried about her bean curd which would dropped for several times. One day,I read over the familiar essay handed in.A girl by the name of Wang Xiaoli wrote these: This weekend I went home and felt unwell.Father still lies on the kang and could not move.No matter how drugs he eats,it does n’t have any effect on his health.He has lain up for 3 years.My brother is young,and my mother carries all the life burden alonely.Every time I want to cry when she is busy with everything. At the beginning of this semester,I made a requ est that I didn’t want to go to school and helped mother do farm work.Father lain on the kang

汉译英句子翻译原则

1. 主语的确定 ?主语的三种处理方法: ?①以原句主语作译文主语 ?直接法 ?②重新确定主语 ?间接法 ?③增补主语 ?添加法 ?①直接法 ?例句1:我们的房子是一百多年前制造的。 ?Our house was built over a hundred years ago. ?例句2:我是地球人。 ?I come from the earth. ?例句3:如果不恰当地处理,锅炉及机动车辆排出的废气就会造成城市空气污染。 ?Exhaust from boilers and vehicles, unless properly treated, causes air pollution in cities. ?例句4:如果说,词汇是语言的“建筑材料”,那么,句子便是文章的“基本部件”。 ?If vocabulary is the “building materials” for language, sentences are the “fundamental parts” of writing. ?例句5:中国有两点是靠得住的,一是讲原则,二是说话算数。 ?China can be counted on. Among other things, first, it upholds principles and second, it honors its words. ?例句6:人有失错,马有漏蹄。 ?As a horse may tumble, a man may make mistakes. ?非常简单

?文化差异 ?应用有限 ?②间接法 ?中英文表达的习惯不同 ?语言地道,句式多样 ?例句7:世纪之交,中国外交空前活跃。 ?译法1(直接法):At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities. ?译法2(间接法):The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena. ?例句8:1964年十月中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹,使世界大为震惊。 ?译法1:In October, 1964, China blasted its first atomic bomb, which shocked the rest of the world significantly. ?译法2:China’s first atomic blast in October, 1964 was a great shock to the rest of the world. ?例句9:胎又瘪了。 ?译法1:We’ve got another flat tire. ?译法2:Our tire is flat again. ?例句10:人不可貌相,海水不可斗量。 ?译法1:It is impossible to judge people from their appearance, and impossible to measure the ocean by pints. ?译法2:We cannot judge people from their appearance, just as we cannot measure the ocean by pints. ?回忆:海纳百川,有容乃大。 ?③增补法 ?推敲语境 ?考虑英语语法习惯和行文的需要。

汉译英答案3

汉英语篇翻译练习答案: 1.Retirement Attitudes toward retirement vary from person to person. Some people think that they will enjoy their time in retirement, but when it comes they may feel a little disappointed. Unwilling to resign themselves to the prospect of being put on the scrap heap, they try to seek alternative outlets for their energies and alternative sources of income that employment can provide. Others have already prepared themselves for the significant change in their lives. Tired out after all exhaus ting life revolving around work, they are anxious to relax in retirement with all the strains relieved. As there is no more need to rush to catch a morning bus and no more anxiety about promotion, they now have enough time to fulfill an old dream, such as writing, painting, growing flowers and traveling around. On the whole, female workers tend to have a more favorable attitude towards retirement than male workers. Withdrawal from employment to complete domesticity is a far less threatening experience for a woman than for a man. 2. Good-bye, My Ill-fated Motherland! The moment I set foot on the deck of the ship, there began my temporary separation from Chinese oil and a feeling of parting sorrow welled up in my heart. At sailing time, I stood on deck watching the ship receding slowly from the bank until I was out of sight of the towering waterfront buildings and the foreign warships on the Huangpu River. Thereupon I turned round with hot tears in my eyes, murmuri ng, “Good-bye, my ill-fated motherland!” Good-bye, my ill-fated motherland! I own what I am to the upbringing you have given me during the past 22 years. I have spent every day of my life in your warm bosom and under your loving care. Y ou have given me joy and sorrow as well as food and clothing. This is where my close relatives were born and brought up and where I have friends here and there. Y ou gave me a wide variety of happiness in my early childhood, but you have also been the source of my sorrow ever since I began to understand things. Here I have witnessed all sorts of human tragedy. Here I have come to know the times we live in. Here I have undergone untold sufferings. I have been struggling, fighting and, time and again, found myself on the brink of destruction and covered all over with cuts and bruises. I have laid to rest, with tears and sighs, some of my close relatives—relatives victimized by old feudal ethnics. Here, besides beautiful mountains and rivers and fertile farmland, we have ghastly prisons and execution grounds as well. Here bad people hold sway while good people suffer and justice is trodden down underfoot. Here people have to wage a savage struggle in order to win freedom. Here man eats man. O the numerous terrible scenes! O the numerous sad memories! O the grand Y ellow River! O the mysterious Y angtze River! Where on earth are your glories of the past? O my native land! O my people! How can I have the heart to leave you! Good-bye, my ill-fated motherland! Much as I hate you, I’ve got to love you as ever. (选自《英语世界》2004年第三期,张培基译)

旅游景点的汉译英翻译研究

最新全英原创毕业论文,都是近期写作 1 分析《女勇士》中的女性形象 2 模糊语在新闻报道中的语用研究 3 论《亚瑟王之死》中的骑士精神 4 简析商务沟通中的非语言沟通 5 《玻璃动物园》中的逃避主义解读 6 论《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》的悲剧成因 7 激发幼儿学习英语兴趣 8 多媒体网络教学和传统教学对大学生情感的影响 9 探讨中英文化差异——以宗教习语翻译为案例 10 浅谈高中英语教师课堂提问与课堂互动 11 撒旦和孙悟空的形象和文化内涵对比 12 《阿Q正传》中文化负载词的翻译 13 从生态视角解读《瓦尔登湖》 14 解读《最蓝的眼睛》中的姐妹情谊 15 On the Dramatic Conflicts Contributing to Eliza Doolittle’s Pursuit of Self-identity in Pygmalion 16 中美两国家庭文化差异 17 音意兼译—外来词中译之首选法 18 仿拟在商业广告中的应用 19 原创+⑧+ 0 +⑤+⑨+⑨+ 0+⑦+④+⑨ 20 An Analysis of the Characters in the Call of the Wild from the Perspective of Social Darwinism 21 《玻璃动物园》中的逃避主义解读 22 从关联理论的角度看英语广告中隐喻的翻译 23 战后美国对伊拉克娱乐文化的影响 24 论童话《小王子》的象征创作 25 从跨文化交际的角度看广告翻译 26 足球评论员的评论语气对球迷看球的影响 27 《了不起的盖茨比》中色彩的象征意义 28 从《喜福会》母女冲突看中美家庭教育差异 29 比较《西游记》与《哈利波特》中的英雄形象 30 《红字》中的圣经典故与象征意义 31 自然会话中会话结构的分析 32 网络语言风格的性别差异 33 中式英语的潜在价值 34 英语课堂中的非传统学习策略 35 From Dormancy to Revival—A Feminist Study on Kate Chopin’s Awakening 36 沃尔玛策略研究 37 浅析霍桑罪恶观在《拉帕西尼的女儿》中的体现 38 伦敦英语在英语标准化过程中的作用 39 论跨文化交际中的体态语

汉译英翻译方法

汉译英三步骤: 1.理解原文 包括原文逐字逐句的理解、对原文整体思想、观点和态度的理解,也包括对原文句子之 间和各部分之间相互关系的理解。 2.英语表达 在正确理解原文的基础上进行的,不是一对一的死译,而是在理解原文的基础上用相应 的英语结构、词汇和表达习惯准确的表达原文的意思。 3.核对检查 认真阅读自己的译文,要用挑错的眼光来检查译文是否正确表达了原文的意思,是否有 漏译、错译,译文语法如时态、语态、单复数形式和拼写上是否有错误。 汉译英翻译技巧: 1.选择恰当的英语词汇 有些英语词汇不仅有字面意思,还有内含意思。 e.g.“国家”:country, nation, state, land 分别内涵:疆土、人民、政府、感情 有些英语词汇本身含有贬义或一些委婉的意思,运用时要特别注意。 e.g.“宣传”publicize, propaganda (带贬义) 汉译英选词原则: (1)选适合上下文的词汇 e.g.“观众”:audience,viewer, spectator 分别表示:听音乐会或看戏的观众、电视观众、看体育表演的观众 “条件”不同情况下应用不同的英语词表达: 工作条件:working condition 有利的条件:favorable situation 录取条件:admission requirement 付款条件:terms of payment 词汇选择首先要忠于原文的意思。 e.g.近年来由于就业问题日益严重,有些人建议让没有工作的未婚妇女来替换那些 家务繁重的女工。 “就业问题”:employment problem, unemployment problem(找不到工作就业已 成问题,即失业问题) “没有工作的妇女”: women without jobs, women hunting for jobs(没有工作又 需要找工作的妇女,不需找工作的并不包括在内) (2)要注意词的广义、狭义、具体的意思和抽象意思的不同 e.g. ①他讲的笑话逗得我们都笑了。 ②他讲的话使我们大家都笑了。 ①His joke made us laugh. ②What he said make us laugh. We all smile at what he said. (3)选词时不要望文生义,不要死译,要考虑与汉语对应的英语词汇真正的意思。 e.g.①他们的好奇心得到了满足。

新视野大学英语读写教程2汉译英翻译题及答案

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