现代大学英语精读4UNIT1翻译及课后答案

UNIT1

思考作为一种嗜好

当我还是个孩子的时候，我就得出了思考分三种等级的结论。后来思考成了嗜好，我进而得出了一个更加离奇的结论，那就是：

我自己根本不会思考。

第一个把思考这个问题带到我面前的是我文法学校的校长。他的办公室里有一些小雕像。就在他书桌后面一个高高的橱柜上面。其中一位女士除了一条浴巾外一丝不挂。她好象被永远地冻结在对浴巾再往下滑的恐惧中了。而不幸的是她没有手臂，所以无法把浴巾拉上来。在她的身边蜷伏着一头美洲豹，好象随时都会往下跳到档案橱柜最上层的抽屉上去。在豹子的另一边端坐着一个健硕的裸体男子，他手肘支在膝头，手握拳托着腮帮子，全然一副痛苦不堪的样子。

过了一些时候，我对这些雕像有了一些了解。才知道校长把它们放在正对着犯错的孩子的位置是因为对校长来说这些雕像象征着整个生命。那位裸体的女士是维纳丝。她象征着爱。她不是在为浴巾担心，而是忙着显示美丽。美洲豹象征着自然，它在那里显得很自然而已。那位健硕的裸体男子并不痛苦，他是洛丁的思索者，一个纯粹思索的象征。

我想我得解释一下，我是校长办公室的常客，为我最近做过或者没做的事情。

用现在的话来说我是不堪教化的。甚至还不如说，我是顽劣不羁，头脑迷糊的。

每次在校长桌前接受处罚，那些雕像在他上方白晃晃地耀眼时，我就会垂下头，在身后紧扣双手，两只鞋不停地蹭来蹭去。

校长看着我然后说，

“我们该拿你怎么办呢？”

哦，他们要拿我怎么办呢？我盯着旧地毯更狠命地蹂躏我的鞋。

抬起头来，孩子！你就不能抬起头来吗？

然后我就会抬起头来看橱柜，看着裸体女士被冻结在恐惧中，健硕的男子无限忧郁地凝视着猎豹的后腿。我跟校长没什么好说的。他的镜片反光，所以我看不到镜片后面有

什么人性的东西，所以没有交流的可能。

“你从来都不动脑筋思考的吗？”

不，我不思考，刚才没思考，也不会思考——我只是在痛苦地等待接见结束。

“那你最好学一学——你学了吗？”

有一次，校长跳起身来伸手取下洛丁的杰作重重地放在我面前的桌上。

“一个人真正在思考的时候是这个样子的。”

显然我是缺了点什么。大自然赋予其余的所有的人第六感觉却独独漏掉了我。

我像那些生来耳聋却决意苦苦寻求声音的人一样观察着我的老师们，想要了解思想。

那时有位豪顿先生，他总是要我思考。他带着谦逊的满足告诉我他自己就动过一点脑筋思索过。那么他为什么花那么多时间酗酒？莫非酗酒其实比外表看起来更有意义？而如果不是这样，酗酒事实上损害健康——豪格先生无疑被酒毁了的——那他为什么还成天谈论纯净的生活以及新鲜空气的好处？

有时候讲到兴头上，他会从讲台上跳下来，把我们一窝蜂地赶到外头凛冽的风中去。

“现在，孩子们！深呼吸！感觉上帝创造的美好气流直接进入你们的体内！”

他会站在我们面前，叉着腰，深深地吸一口气。他会你能听到风被他的胸腔堵住，遇到障碍物艰难前进发出的声音。他的身体因为不习惯这样的感觉而

摇摇晃晃，脸色变得惨白。他会步履蹒跚地走回讲台，然后瘫软在那里，一个上午都缓不过劲来。

豪顿先生喜欢发表关于美好的、清心寡欲、尽职尽责生活的独白。但是在发表这些独白的间隙，如果有个女孩经过窗前，他的脖子就会不由自主地扭转过去，一直目送她走出视线之外。在这种情况下，我认为他不是受思想，而是受他后颈里某个看不到却无法抗拒的发条的控制。

我对于他的脖子十分感兴趣。通常它在领口上方稍稍凸出。但是豪顿先生在第一次

世界大战中曾经和美国人和法国人并肩作战，而且对两个国家都深恶痛绝。无论这两个国家中哪一个在时事中表现突出，他都对它没有好感，任何论证都无法说服他。他会捶着桌子，脖子胀红：

“你爱怎么说，”他会叫道：

“但是我已经想过这个问题了，而且我知道我想什么！”

豪顿先生用他的脖子思考。

我要对我的老师们进行详细的分析是为了介绍一下通常被称为思想的本质。

通过他们我发现思考通常是充满了无意识的偏见、无知和虚伪的。在训诫无私的纯真的时候它的脖子却为了短裙而执意扭曲。从技术上而言，它娴熟如同商人玩高尔夫，诚实如同政客的意图，或者有条理如同大多数写出来的书。这就是后来被我称作第三等级的思考，虽然事实上称它为感觉更为恰当。

诚然，偏见里是有无辜的成分，但是在那时我对第三等级的思考的态度是毫不宽容的蔑视和不假思索的嘲笑。我以驳斥一位憎恨德国人却主张爱我们的敌人的虔诚女士为乐。她让我懂得了和第三等级思考者打交道的一个重大的真理。因为她，我不再轻易地拒绝百分之九十的人可能经历过的精神过程。他们高度地团结一致。我们最好尊重他们，因为我们处于他们的包围之中，势单力薄。一大堆第三等级的思考者，众口一词，借着自己的偏见温暖双手，他们是不会感激你指出他们信仰中的矛盾的。人是一种爱群居的动物，就象牛喜欢沿着山坡的同一条道路吃草一样喜爱共识。

第二个等级的思考是对于矛盾的觉察。二级思考者不轻易人云亦云，尽管常常会犯另一个错，落在后面。第二等级思考是一种警醒状态下的退缩，因为第二等级思考具有破坏却没有创造的能力。它让我在冷眼看着人群为国王陛下欢呼的时候觉得这样的喧嚣不知所谓，却没有提供什么可以替代这样强烈爱国精神。但是这样的思考还是有好处的。听人们以狐狸喜欢这样的待遇为理由为他们捕猎狐狸。听我们的女首相谈论通过逮捕尼赫鲁和甘地这样的人跟印度协商的好处，美国政客们可以刚谈完和平转身就拒绝加入国际联盟的时候，是的，还是有令人高兴的时刻的。

但是，当我渐渐长大，进入青春期以后，我不得不承认豪顿先生不是唯一一个无法抗拒脖子里的发条的人。我也一样感觉到了强大的自然之手的力量，开始发现指出矛盾有可能代价昂贵，也可能是有趣的。比如说，曾经有个严肃而迷人的姑娘，她的名字叫露

丝。那个时候我是一个无神论者，她是一个卫理会会派教徒。但是，呵呵，露丝没有用圣灵的精神来转化我，而是愚蠢地用她可爱的小嘴试图说服我。她声称圣经（詹姆士国王版）逐字逐句都是得到启示而来的。我反驳说天主教徒信仰圣杰罗姆的拉丁文圣经，而这两本书是不同的。争论顿时卡壳了。

最后她说有那么多卫理会会派教徒，他们不可能是错的，几百万的人都错了，可能吗？这太简单了，我倔强地说（你越接近露丝，她就越好接近），罗马天主教徒也为数众多，他们也不可能是错的，他们有几亿人，可能都错了吗？她眼中扑闪着疑虑。我伸手揽过她的腰屏住呼吸低声说，如果算人数，我该捐钱给佛教徒。露丝溜掉了，我的手臂加上那些数不胜数的佛教徒实在让她无法忍受了。

那天晚上，她父亲来拜访我父亲，走的时候一副面红耳赤，义愤填膺的样子。

我为发生过的事情受到了盘问。我失去了露丝，却冤枉地担上了准浪子的名声。

第二等级思考虽然让生活充满了乐趣和兴奋，却无法令人满足。寻找比我们年长的人的缺陷助长了年轻的自我，却无法让人觉得安全。它带着游泳者离开岸游了一段距离，然后把他留在那里，束手无策。本丢.彼拉多就是典型的第二等级思考者。“什么是真理？”他问道，一种十分常见却总出现在争论的末尾而不是开头的第二等级思考者。还有更高一级的思索问过“什么是真理？”后就开始去寻找它。

但这些第一等级思考者是十分罕见的。他们没有亲自来我的文法学校但却藏在书籍里。我向往他们是因为我雄心勃勃，因为我现在发现自己的嗜好如果不能更进一步就不能令人满意。如果你出发去爬山，不论你爬了多高，只要没到顶就不算成功。

我也可以成为第一等级思考者的。即使在人生最得意的时候我也是心无挂碍、玩世不恭的。政治和宗教系统、社会风俗、忠诚和传统，都象腐烂的苹果纷纷从树上掉落下来。最后我想出了为第一等级思考辩护永远的理由。我设计了一个连贯的生活体系。这是一个道德体系，完全合乎逻辑的道德体系。当然，我很乐意承认，要世界按我的思考方式转化将是困难的，因为我的体系废除了诸如大公司、中央政府、军队、婚姻等等之类的琐事。

又是露丝的问题。我曾有一些很要好的朋友站在我这边，他们现在仍然站在我这边。但是我的熟人都不见了，带着他们的女孩子消失了。姑娘们好象对世界的现状出奇的满意。有一个在皇家海军当下等兵的年轻人，对于不要大公司和婚姻乐意之至，但是一听

我提议要一个没有战舰的世界时他的脖子跟豪顿先生一样胀得通红。

游戏太过火了？它还是游戏吗？在战前的那段日子，为了这个嗜好我固执地失去了很多东西。

现在你一定指望我描述我如何认识到了我自己路线的荒谬回到温暖的小巢了吧，回到那偏见常常被称为忠诚，无谓的行为因为重复被神圣化为风俗的小巢里，满足于把感觉说成思考。

但是，你错了。我把我的嗜好变成了职业。

More Work on the Text

II Vocabulary

1. Translate. (P17)

1) From English into Chinese．

( 1) a bath towel ——浴巾

(2) a grammar school ----- 小学

( 3) the eternal truth ——永恒的真理

(5) utter nonse ---- 纯属没道理

(6) delinquent behavior ----- 违规行为

( 7) a frequent visitor(to) ——常客

(8)------------------ fresh air 新鲜空气

(9)---------------------------------------- high-minded monologue —个人唱高调

(10) ------------------------- a settled view ■不变的观点

( 11 ) current affa i rs ——时事

(12) ------------------------------------ a physical impediment 身体障碍

(13) --------------------------- a hideous wind 凛冽的风

(14) --------------------------- a hideous sight 令人厌恶的景象

(15) ------------------------------------ a speech impedimen 言语障碍

(16) heady patriotism ----- 使人热血沸腾的爱国热情

(17) ---------------------------------------- the remorseless invaders ■无情的入侵者

(18) -------------------------------- the Prime Minister ■首相

(19) ------------------------------------ the League of Nation 国际联盟

(20) a mental process ---- 思维过程

(21) ------------------------------ a cohere nt article 条理清楚的文章

(22) a cohere nt system --- 思路清晰连贯的体系

( 23) a proficient interpreter ——一位口译好手

(24) --------------------------------- an irresistible trend 不可阻挡的趋势

(25)rotten apples -----烂了的苹果

( 26) literally i n s p i red ——文字上受到启示的

(27) a nodding acquaintanc ------ 点头之交

2) From Chinese into English.

( 1)低头——to sink one 's head

( 2)使船沉没——to sink the ship

(3)思考生命的意义——to contemplate the meaning of life

( 4)让阳光一下照着——to catch the light

( 5)毁了一个人的身体——to ruin one 's health

( 6)毁了国家——to ruin the country

( 7)猛敲桌子——to bang the desk

( 8)扮演一个重要的角色——to play a prominent role ( 9)占有重要的位置——to hold a prominent position ( 10)一个虔诚的佛教徒——a pious Buddhist

( 11)获得一种名声——to gain a reputation

(12)满足一个人的虚荣心——to satisfy one 's ego

( 13)疲劳询问；严刑逼供——to give sb the third degree ( 14)发明一种教学法——to devise a teaching method

大学英语精读第一册课文翻译

第一单元 课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其实。 学习英语的几种策略 学习英语决非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种： 1．不要以完全相同的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差？其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说“我对英语感兴趣”是“I’m interested in English”，而说“我精于法语”则是“I’m good at French”?你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说“获悉消息或密秘”是“learnthenewsorsecret”,而“获悉某人的成功或到来”却是“learn of someone’s success or arrival”?这些都是惯用法的例子。在学习英语时，你不仅必须注意词义，还必须注意以英语为母语的人在日常生活中如何使用它。 3．每天听英语。经常听英语不仅会提高你的听力，而且有助你培养说的技能。除了专为课程准备的语言磁带外，你还可以听英语广播，看英语电视和英语电影。第一次听录好音的英语对话或语段，你也许不能听懂很多。先试着听懂大意，然后在反复地听。 你会发现每次重复都会听懂更多的xx。 4．抓住机会说。的确，在学校里必须用英语进行交流的场合并不多，但你还是可以找到练习讲英语的机会。例如，跟你的同班同学进行交谈可能就是得到一些练习的一种轻松愉快的方式。还可以找校园里以英语为母语的人跟他们

现代大学英语精读1课本内容及翻译

Lesson Eight The Kindness of Strangers Mike Mclntyre 1. One summer I was driving from my home town of Tahoe City, Calif, to New Orleans. In the middle of the desert, I came upon a young man standing by the roadside. He had his thumb out and held a gas can in his other hand. I drove right by him. There was a time in the country when you' d be considered a jerk if you passed by somebody in need. Now you are a fool for helping. With gangs, drug addicts, murderers, rapists, thieves lurking everywhere, "I don't want to get involved" has become a national motto. 2. Several states later I was still thinking about the hitchhiker. Leaving him stranded in the desert did not bother me so much. What bothered me was how easily I had reached the decision. I never even lifted my foot off the accelerator. 3. Does anyone stop any more? I wondered. I recalled Blanche DuBois's famous line: "I have always depended on the kindness of strangers." Could anyone rely on the kindness of strangers these days? One way to test this would be for a person to journey from coast to coast without any money, relying solely on the good will of his fellow Americans. What kind of Americans would he find? Who would feed him, shelter him, carry him down the road? 4. The idea intrigued me. 5. The week I turned 37, I realized that I had never taken a gamble in my life. So I decided to travel from the Pacific to the Atlantic without a penny. It would be a cashless journey through the land of the almighty dollar. I would only accept offers of rides, food and a place to rest my head. My final destination would be Cape Fear in North Carolina, a symbol of all the fears I'd have to conquer during the trip. 6. I rose early on September 6, 1994, and headed for the Golden Gate Bridge with a 50-pound pack on my back and a sign displaying my destination to passing vehicles: "America." 7. For six weeks I hitched 82 rides and covered 4223 miles across 14 states. As I traveled, folks were always warning me about someplace else. In Montana they told me to watch out for the cowboys in Wyoming, In Nebraska they said people would not be as nice in Iowa. Yet I was treated with kindness everywhere I went. I was amazed by people's readiness to help a stranger, even when it seemed to run contrary to their own best interests. 8. One day in Nebraska a car pulled to the road shoulder. When I reached the window, I saw two little old ladies dressed in their Sunday finest." I know you're not supposed to pick up hitchhikers, but it's so far between towns out here, you feel bad passing a person," said the driver, who introduced herself as Vi. I didn't know whether to kiss them or scold them for stopping. This woman was telling me she'd rather risk her life than feel bad about passing a stranger on the side of the road. 9. Once when I was hitchhiking unsuccessfully in the rain, a trucker pulled over, locking his brakes so hard he skidded on the grass shoulder. The driver told me he was once robbed at knifepoint by a hitchhiker. "But I hate to see a man stand out in the rain," he added. "People don't have no heart anymore." 10. I found, however, that people were generally compassionate. Hearing I had no money and would take none, people bought me food or shared whatever they happened to have with them. Those who had the least to give often gave the most. In Oregon a house painter named Mike noted the chilly weather and asked if I had a coat. When he learned that I had "a light one," he drove me to his house, and handed me a big green army-style jacket. A lumber-mill worker named Tim invited me to a simple dinner with his family in their shabby house. Then he offered me his tent. I refused, knowing it was probably one of the family's most valuable possessions. But Tim was determined that I have it, and finally I agreed to take it. 11. I was grateful to all the people I met for their rides, their food, their shelter, and their gifts. But what I found most touching was the fact that they all did it as a matter of course.

大学体验英语3综合教程课文翻译

Unit 1> Caring for Our Earth Passage A Frog Story 蛙的故事 A couple of odd things have happened lately. 最近发生了几桩怪事儿。 I have a log cabin in those woods of Northern Wisconsin. I built it by hand and also added a greenhouse to the front of it. It is a joy to live in. In fact, I work out of my home doing audio production and environmental work. As a tool of that trade I have a computer and a studio. 我在北威斯康星州的树林中有一座小木屋。是我亲手搭建的，前面还有一间花房。住在里面相当惬意。实际上我是在户外做音频制作和环境方面的工作——作为干这一行的工具，我还装备了一间带电脑的工作室。 I also have a tree frog that has taken up residence in my studio. 还有一只树蛙也在我的工作室中住了下来。 How odd, I thought, last November when I first noticed him sitting atop my sound-board over my figured that he(and I say he,though I really don’t have a clue if she is a he or vice versa) would be more comfortable in the greenhouse. So I put him in the greenhouse. Back he came. And stayed. After a while I got quite used to the fact that as I would check my morning email and online news, he would be there with me surveying the world. 去年十一月，我第一次惊讶地发现他（只是这样称呼罢了，事实上我并不知道该称“他”还是“她”）坐在电脑的音箱上。我把他放到花房里去，认为他待在那儿会更舒服一些。可他又跑回来待在原地。很快我就习惯了有他做伴，清晨我上网查收邮件和阅读新闻的时候，他也在一旁关注这个世界。 Then, last week, as he was climbing around looking like a small gray / green human, I started to wonder about him. 可上周，我突然对这个爬上爬下的“小绿人或小灰人”产生了好奇心。 So, there I was, working in my studio and my computer was humming had to stop when Tree Frog went across my stopped and turned around and just sat there looking at ,I sat back and looked at him. For five months now he had been riding there with me and I was suddenly overtaken by an urge to know why he was there and not in the greenhouse,where I figured he’d live a happier frog life. 于是有一天，我正在工作室里干活，电脑嗡嗡作响。当树蛙从我面前爬过时，我不得不停止工作。他停下了并转过身来，坐在那儿看着我。好吧，我也干脆停下来望着他。五个月了，他一直这样陪着我。我突然有一股强烈的欲望想了解他：为什么他要待在这儿而不乐意待在花房里？我认为对树蛙来说，花房显然要舒适得多。 “Why are you here,” I found myself asking him. “你为什么待在这儿？”我情不自禁地问他。 As I looked at him, dead on, his eyes looked directly at me and I heard a tone. The tone seemed to hit me right in the center of my mind. It sounded very nearly like the same one as my computer. In that tone I could hear him “say” to me, “Because I want you to understand.” Yo. That was weird. “Understand what?” my mind jumped in. Then, after a moment of feeling this communication, I felt I understood why he was there. I came to understand that frogs simply want to hear other frogs and to

中南大学英汉语翻译技巧复习资料20120522

供复习用 翻译技巧课后练习 一、回答问题[见绪论] 1.为什么要学习翻译？ 2.什么是翻译？ 3.翻译的过程是什么？ 4.翻译是技能、艺术还是科学？ 5.翻译的标准是什么？ 二句子翻译练习，注意语境对翻译选词的影响[见第3章：英汉词义对比与翻译中根据语境选词] 1.After he had a row with his wife at home,he had a row with his mistress on the lake. 2.Needing some light to see by, the burglar crossed the room with a light step to light the light with the light green shade. 3.Lead as an element that gets into your body is absorbed into the bones and thus does harm to your health. 4.Child enrolment is also affected by household size, birth order, livestock ownership and the ability of the household to absorb economic shocks. 5.You could tell he was absorbed in his conversation, and not playing much attention to the road. 6.As luck would have it, no one was in the building when the explosion occurred. 7.As luck would have it, there was rain on the day of the picnic. 三句子翻译练习，注意英译汉时的省译与汉译英时的增译[ [见第四章：英译汉的省译与增译] 1.No man is too old but he may learn. 2.The boy entered the room, his coat wet through. 3.When Danone decided to set up manufacturing operations in Indonesia to locally produce dairy products and milk based drinks, they invited Wahaha to join them. 4.Mr. Li ordered a book and it has just arrived. 5.In winter, additional trains operate directly from Goschenen to Brig on Saturdays and Sundays. 6.She looks like any other little girl in her first year at school: a smart uniform, a happy smile and a bag of books. 7.While Einstein is supposed to have been so distracted by solving problems that he forgot to put on his socks, Sidis simply did not know how to dress himself properly even by the time he was an adolescent. 四句子翻译练习，注意语态转译[第5章](p98) 1.She told me that her master had dismissed her.No reason had been assigned; no objection had been made to her conduct. She had been forbidden to appeal to her mistress. 2.He was guided in his everyday life by an unshakable conviction that moral values are absolute.

大学英语精读第一册课文翻译全

Unit1 课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其时。 Some Strategies or Learning English 学习英语绝非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种。 1. 不要以完全同样的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差？其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说我对英语感兴趣是I'm 湩整敲瑳摥椠?湅汧獩屨，而说我精于法语则是???潧摯愠?牆湥档？你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说获悉消息或秘密是汜慥湲琠敨渠睥?牯猠捥敲屴，而获悉某人的成功或到来却是汜慥湲漠?潳敭湯?环猠捵散獳漠?牡楲慶屬？这些都是惯用法的例子。在学习英语时，你不仅必须注意词义，还必须注意以英语为母语的人在日常生活中如何使用它。 3．每天听英语。经常听英语不仅会提高你的听力，而且有助你培养说的技能。除了专为课程准备的语言磁带外，你还可以听英语广播，看英语电视和英语电影。第一次听录好音的英语对话或语段，你也许不能听懂很多。先试着听懂大意，然后再反复地听。你会发现每次重复都会听懂更多的东西。 4．抓住机会说。的确，在学校里必须用英语进行交流的场合并不多，但你还是可以找到练习讲英语的机会。例如，跟你的同班同学进行交谈可能就是得到一些练习的一种轻松愉快的方式。还可以找校园里以英语为母语的人跟他们随意交谈。或许练习讲英语最容易的方式是高声朗读，因为这在任何时间，任何地方，不需要搭档就可以做到。例如，你可以看着图片18 / 1 或身边的物件，试着对它们详加描述。你还可以复述日常情景。在商店里购物或在餐馆里吃完饭付过账后，假装这一切都发生在一个讲英语的国家，试着用英语把它表演出来。 5．广泛阅读。广泛阅读很重要，因为在我们的学习环境中，阅读是最重要、最可靠的语言输入来源。在选择阅读材料时，要找你认为有趣的、不需要过多依赖词典就能看懂的东西。开始时每天读一页是个好办法。接下去，你就会发现你每天可以读更多页，而且能对付难度更高的材料。6．经常写。写作是练习你已经学会的东西的好方法。除了老师布置的作文，你还可以找到自己要写的理由。有个笔友可以提供很好的动力；与某个跟你趣味相投但来自不同文化的人进行交流，你会学到很多东西。经常写作的其他方式还有记日记，写小故事或概述每天的新闻。 语言学习是一个积累的过程。从读和听中吸收尽量多的东西，然后再试着把学到的东西通过说和写加以运用，定会大有收益。 Unit2 弗朗西斯·奇切斯特在六十五岁时开始了只身环球航行。本文记述的就是这一冒险故事。 Sailing Round the Word 弗朗西斯·奇切斯特在独自驾船作环球航行之前，已有好几次让他的朋友们感到吃惊了。他曾试图作环球飞行，但没有成功。那是1931年。 好多年过去了。他放弃了飞行，开始航海。他领略到航海的巨大乐趣。奇切斯特在首届横渡大西洋单人航海比赛中夺魁时，已经五十八岁。他周游世界的宿愿重又被唤起，不过这一次他是要驾船环游。由于他患有肺癌，朋友们和医生们都认为他不该去，但奇切斯特决意实施自己的计划。

最新现代大学英语精读1教学大纲2018

综合英语 1 Comprehensive English1 【学分】4 【学时】64 【编写】袁邦照【审核】程莹 （一）授课对象 四年制本科英语专业学生 （二）课程的性质和地位 本课程是是本科英语专业低年级的一门学科基础课程，是英语专业基础阶段全面培养和提高学生语言能力和交际能力的一门课程，在整个基础英语教学中具有重要奠基作用。本课程的教学，是在学生已初步掌握一定的英语词汇、语音、语法基本知识和听、说、读、写基本技能的基础上进行的，因此，主要教学目的在于进一步提高学生综合运用英语的能力，特别是要加强口笔头语言表达能力，同时加深对词汇、语法、写作、修辞等方面的知识，同时指导学生学习方法，培养逻辑思维能力，为进一步接受英语专业高年级教育打下全面的牢固的基础。本课程以课文教学为中心，采用精讲多练、讲练结合的方式，主要通过语言基础训练与篇章讲解分析，启发学生学习语言的积极性和自觉性，使学生逐步提高语篇阅读理解能力，了解英语各种文体的表达方式和特点，扩大词汇量和熟悉英语常用句型，具备基本的口头与笔头表达能力，并逐步形成用英语思维的能力。 （三）课程教学的目标 1.改变观念：帮助学生尽快熟悉大学学习环境和自主学习方法；使学生养成良好的学习习惯；培养学生的独立工作能力。引导学生改变应试学习的观点，逐步树立“To know English is to speak English.”的观念。 2.语音：通过一对一纠音练习，语音模仿秀等，整顿学生的语音面貌，提高学生的朗读技巧。 3.词汇和语法：盘活中学所学语法和词汇，使之成为语言交际的实际技能。认知词汇3000-4000个(其中含中学已学2 000个)，熟用其中1600-1800个及其最基本的搭配。听力：能在15分钟听写根据已学知识编写的材料(词数120左右，念四遍，第一、四遍语速为每分钟100个词，第二、三遍根据意群停顿)，错误率不超过8%。要求学生每天收听CRI及VOA的Special English。熟悉新闻广播的特点和语速。 4.口语：能使用课文中的重点词汇和短语复述课文；能用英语正确表达所学的功能意念，以达到实际交流运用的目的。 5.阅读和写作：能读懂词汇量为2000-2500的浅易材料及简易读物，阅读速度每分钟60-80个词，理解基本正确，能抓住中心大意。对重点句子能够释义。学会初步使用“英英”

大学体验英语课文翻译及课后习题翻译答案

UNIT1 Oxford University牛津大学 Oxford University is the oldest university in Britain and one of the world's most famous institutions of higher learning. Oxford University was established during the 1100's. It is located in Oxford, England, about 80 kilometers northwest of London. 牛津大学是英国最古老的大学，也是世界最著名的高等学府。牛津大学始建于12世纪。它位于英格兰的牛津，在伦敦西北约80公里处。 The university has over 16,300 students (1999-2000), almost a quarter of these students are from overseas and more than 130 nationalities are represented. It consists of 35 colleges, plus five private halls established by various religious groups. Three of the five private halls are for men only. Of the colleges, St. Hilda's and Somerville are for women, and the rest are for men and women. 牛津大学有16,300多名学生（1999－2000），其中留学生占将近四分之一。他们来自130多个国家。牛津大学有35个学院，还有5个由不同宗教团体建立的私人学院。5个私人学院中，有3个只招男生。学院中，圣希尔达和萨默维尔学院只收女生，其他均为男女兼收。At Oxford, each college is a corporate body distinct from the university and is governed by its own head and fellows. Most fellows are college instructors called tutors, and the rest are university professors and lecturers. Each college manages its own buildings and property, elects its own fellows, and selects and admits its own undergraduate students. The university provides some libraries, laboratories, and other facilities, but the colleges take primary responsibility for the teaching and well-being of their students. 牛津的每个学院都是独立于大学的实体，由该学院的院长和管委会成员负责管理。部分管委会成员都称为导师的学院教师，其余的是大学教授和讲师。每个学院管理自己的房产和资产，遴选自己的管委会，选择和招收自己的本科生。大学提供某些图书馆、实验室和其他设施，但教学和学生生活主要由各学院负责。 Each student at Oxford is assigned to a tutor, who supervises the student's program of study, primarily through tutorials. Tutorials are weekly meetings of one or two students with their tutor. Students may see other tutors for specialized instruction. They may also attend lectures given by university teachers. Students choose which lectures to attend on the basis of their own special interests and on the advice of their tutors. 牛津大学给每个学生指定一个导师，他主要通过辅导课监督学生的学习。导师每周和1到2名学生见面一次，学生如需专业指导，还可以去约见其他的导师，也可选听大学老师讲授的课程。学生选听什么课程是根据自己的兴趣和导师的建议而定的。 The university, not the individual colleges, grants degrees. The first degree in the arts or sciences is the Bachelor of Arts with honors. Oxford also grants higher degrees, diplomas, and certificates in a wide variety of subjects. 学位由大学授予，而不是各个学院。最低文科或理科学位是优等文学学士。牛津还在其他众多学科领域授予最高的学位，颁发文凭和证书。 The Rhodes scholarship program enables students from the United States, Canada, and many other nations to study at Oxford for a minimum of two years. The British government grants Marshall scholarships to citizens of the United States for study at Oxford and other universities that are located in Britain.

中南大学《英语》在线考试题及答案

中南大学 《英语（下）》在线考试答案 1. Fifty million public school children in America (1) a new school year. The number (1) 1 are starting (2) 2 weak (3) 3 higher (4) 4 on (5) 5 pay (6) 6 property (7) 7 says (8) 8 per (9) 9 receiving (10) 10 many 2. Let go love There was once a lonely girl who longed so much for love. One day (1) 1 starving (2) 2 cage (3) 3 strong (4) 4 open (5) 5 that (6) 6 flew (7) 7 horror (8) 8 .for (9) 9 softly (10) 10 keep 3. In America schools there is something called Home-coming Day. Many high schools (1) graduation (2) Many weeks before the day (3) To go home to see their family (4) elect or choose (5) The student who is liked most by the others. 4. Full-time university students spend all their time studying. They don’t do other (1) Medical students (2) when they graduate (3) live in a universit (4) work for a living in the daytime and study in the evening (5) whose students send their work by post to their tutor 5. he sent you to a hospital, but all the advanced equipment there shows that there (1) arrange by turns (2) .When you are in a state of subhealth, you should find out the reasons and relax yourself. (3) they have more pressure in life and work (4) keep relaxed (5) we should have meals with less salt and sugar

大学英语精读1课文翻译

大学英语精读1课文翻译 Unit1 Some Strategies or Learning English 学习英语绝非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种。 1. 不要以完全同样的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差？其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说 "我对英语感兴趣"是"I'm interested in English"，而说"我精于法语"则是"I'm good at French"？你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说"获悉消息或秘密"是"learn the news or secret"，而"获悉某人的成功或到来"却是"learn of someone's success or arrival"？这些都是惯用法的例子。在学习英语时，你不仅必须注意词义，还必须注意以英语为母语的人在日常生活中如何使用它。 3．每天听英语。经常听英语不仅会提高你的听力，而且有助你培养说的技能。除了专为课程准备的语言磁带外，你还可以听英语广播，看英语电视和英语电影。第一次听录好音的英语对话或语段，你也许不能听懂很多。先试着听懂大意，然后再反复地听。你会发现每次重复都会听懂更多的东西。 4．抓住机会说。的确，在学校里必须用英语进行交流的场合并不多，但你还是可以找到练习讲英语的机会。例如，跟你的同班同学进行交谈可能就是得到一些练习的一种轻松愉快的方式。还可以找校园里以英语为母语的人跟他们随意交谈。或许练习讲英语最容易的方式是高声朗读，因为这在任何时间，任何地方，不需要搭档就可以做到。例如，你可以看着图片或身边的物件，试着对它们详加描述。你还可以复述日常情景。在商店里购物或在餐馆里吃完饭付过账后，假装这一切都发生在一个讲英语的国家，试着用英语把它表演出来。

现代大学英语精读1课本内容

Lesson One Half a Day Naguib Mahfous 1. I walked alongside my father, clutching his right hand. All my clothes were new: the black shoes, the green school uniform, and the red cap. They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time. 2. My mother stood at the window watching our progress, and I turned towards her from time to time, hoping she would help. We walked along a street lined with gardens, and fields planted with crops: pears, and date palms. 3. "Why school ?" I asked my father. "What have I done ?" 4. "I'm not punishing you, " he said, laughing. "School's not a punishment. It's a place that makes useful men out of boys. Don' t you want to be useful like your brothers?" 5. I was not convinced. I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building. 6. When we arrived at the gate we could see the courtyard, vast and full of boys and girls. "Go in by yourself, " said my father, "and join them. Put a smile on your face and be a good example to others. " 7. I hesitated and clung to his hand, but he gently pushed me from him. "Be a man, " he said. "Today you truly begin life. You will find me waiting for you when it's time to leave. " 8. I took a few steps. Then the faces of the boys and girls came into view. I did not know a single one of them, and none of them knew me. I felt I was a stranger who had lost his way. But then some boys began to glance at me in curiosity, and one of them came over and asked, "Who brought you?" 9. "My father, " I whispered. 10. "My father's dead, " he said simply. 11. I did not know what to say. The gate was now closed. Some of the children burst into tears. The bell rang. A lady came along, followed by a group of men. The men began sorting us into ranks. We were formed into an intricate pattern in the great courtyard surrounded by high buildings; from each floor we were overlooked by a long balcony roofed in wood. 12. "This is your new home, "said the woman. "There are mothers and fathers here, too. Everything that is enjoyable and beneficial is here. So dry your tears and face life joyfully. " 13. Well, it seemed that my misgivings had had no basis. From the first moments I made many friends and fell in love with many girls. I had never imagined school would have this rich variety of experiences. 14. We played all sorts of games. In the music room we sang our first songs. We also had our first introduction to language. We saw a globe of the Earth, which revolved and showed the various continents and countries. We started learning numbers, and we were told the story of the Creator of the universe. We ate delicious food, took a little nap, and woke up to go on with friendship and love, playing and learning. 15. Our path, however, was not totally sweet and unclouded. We had to be observant and patient. It was not all a matter of playing and fooling around. Rivalries could bring about pain and hatred or give rise to