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模块六语法

简单句的基本句型

英语是一种结构型语言，以谓语动词为核心构成句型。

一、常见的六种基本句型：

1．主语＋系动词＋表语(＋状语)．

此句型中，系动词除了be动词外，常见的还有look(看起来), sound(听起来), taste(尝起来), feel(感觉；摸起来), smell(闻起来), become (变得), turn(变得), get(变得)等，系动词后接形容词或名词作表语。例如：

Your watch looks very nice.

你的手表看起来很漂亮。

The days get shorter and shorter. 白天变得越来越短了。

In spring, the trees turn green. 春天，树变绿了。

2．主语＋谓语(不及物动词)[＋状语(副词、名词、介词短语等)]．

此句型中的动词后不可以直接接宾语，这种动词称为不及物动词。例如：

His father cooks every day. 他父亲每天做饭。

The children are listening quietly. 孩子们在静静地听着。

He ran fast in the street. 他在街上跑得飞快。

The meeting begins at nine. 会议9点开始。

3．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语(＋状语)．

此句型中的动词可以直接接宾语，这种动词称为及物动词。例如：

He didn't like the film. 他不喜欢这部电影。

She often helps him. 她经常帮助他。

I have already finished reading the book. 我已经读完这本书了。

4．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(＋状语)．

此句型中的及物动词后接两个宾语(双宾语)，即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。通常情况下，间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。有时，间接宾语也可与介词to或for构成短语，放在直接宾语的后面。例如：

Please give me a few apples.＝Please give a few apples to me.请给我几个苹果。

5．主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语(＋状语)．

宾语补足语用来补充说明宾语的行为、特征或状态等，宾语和宾语补足语之间通常有逻辑上的主谓关系。例如：

He made all of us laugh. 他使我们都大笑起来。

At first I found Chinese quite hard.起初我发现汉语相当难。

6．There＋be＋主语(＋状语)．

此句型中，be 动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。当有两个或两个以上的主语时，be动词的数与离其最近的主语的数保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。例如：

There are some people in the hall. 大厅里有些人。

There is a pen and some books on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

二、句型说明

英语句子以谓语为中心，谓语的前面是行为的执行者，后面接动作的承受者(被动语态除外)。状语可置于句首，也可以置于谓语之后。一般来说，置于句首的多是时间、条件和原因状语，置于谓语之后的多是地点、方式、目的和伴随状语。

Ⅰ.判断下列各句属于A—F中的哪种句型，把选项填在题前的括号内

A．主语＋谓语(＋状语)

B．主语＋谓语＋宾语(＋状语)

C．主语＋系动词＋表语(＋状语)

D．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(＋状语)

E．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(＋状语)

F．There＋be＋主语(＋状语)

( )1.There is going to be a class meeting this afternoon.

( )2.The bell is ringing.

( )3.Tom bought me an umbrella yesterday.

( )4.Music often makes me happy.

( )5.Someone in our class likes singing very much.

( )6.My sister is very outgoing at school.

Ⅱ.连词成句

1．we, happy, sang, on the way

_______________________________________________.

2．mother, asked, not, me, my, to, computer, play, games

______________________________________________.

3．an, I, book, last, read, week, interesting

_______________________________________________.

4．hear, I, often, girl, a, in, sing, the, room, next

______________________________________________.

5．interesting, activity, many, there were

_____________________________________________.

参考答案

模块六

()1.There is going to be a class meeting this afternoon.

()2.The bell is ringing.

()3.Tom bought me an umbrella yesterday.

()4.Music often makes me happy.

()5.Someone in our class likes singing very much.

()6.My sister is very outgoing at school.

[答案] 1—6FADEBC

Ⅱ.连词成句

1．[2015?河北]we, happy, sang, on the way

_______________________________________________.we sang happily on the way/On the way we sang happily.

2．mother, asked, not, me, my, to, computer, play, games

______________________________________________.My mother asked me not to

play computer games.

3．an, I, book, last, read, week, interesting

_______________________________________________.Last week I read an interesting book.

4．hear, I, often, girl, a, in, sing, the, room, next

______________________________________________.I often hear a girl sing in the next room.

5．2015?河北interesting, activity, many, there were

_____________________________________________There were many interesting activities.

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