搜档网
当前位置:搜档网 › 【DF】2011年3月上海中级口译真题及答案

【DF】2011年3月上海中级口译真题及答案

【DF】2011年3月上海中级口译真题及答案
【DF】2011年3月上海中级口译真题及答案

沪江英语绿宝书之

2011年3月上海中级口译考试

听力原文及解析

SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (45 minutes)

Part A: Spot Dictation

Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.

My topic for today?s lecture is communication, culture and work. When most people use the word culture, they think of people from different national backgrounds. National cultures certainly do exist and they play an important role in shaping the way people communicate, but there are other dimensions of culture too. Within a nation, regional differences can exert a powerful influence on communication. New Yorkers and Alaskans may find one another?s styles of behaving so different that they might as well be from different countries. Race and ethnicity can also shape behavior. So can age. The customs, values and attitudes of a twenty-year-old girl may vary radically from those of her parents who were raised in the 1960s or her grandparents who lived through the Great Depression and World War Ⅱ. Still, other differences can create distinctive cultures. Gender, sexual orientation, physical disabilities, religion and socio-economic background are just a few. All of these factors lead to a definition of culture as a set of values, beliefs, norms, customs, rules and codes that lead people to define themselves as a distinct group, giving them a sense of commonality. It?s important to realize that culture is learned, not innate.A Korean-born infant adopted soon after her birth by American parents and raised in the United States will think and act differently than his or her cousins who grew up in Seoul. An African American who grew up in the inner city will view the world differently than he or she would if raised in the suburbs or in a country like France where African heritage has different significance than it does in the United States. The norms and values we learn as part of our cultural conditioning shape the way we view the world and the way we interact with one another. In short, culture has such an overwhelming influence on communication that famous anthropologist Edward Hall once remarked, …culture is communication and communication is culture.?

【解析】

作为中口笔试听力第一题Spot Dictation,考试选用了文化题材的内容,考生对此类型题材应该并不陌生,但若不集中注意力,也会比较难把握文章的层次。

全文围绕关键信息“other dimensions of culture”,字面意思是其他的文化维度,指的是除国籍外其他造成文化差异的因素。

文章首先给出纽约人和阿拉斯加人在交流过程中行事风格不同的例子,提出了地域性差异造成文化差异的概念。而后补充道不同人种和种族同样是形成文化交流差异的因素,紧接着文章便通过老中青三代人不同的思想意识观念的例子抛出了另外一个关键隐私——年龄。

文章还提出了一个较传统观念所不同的观点,It’s important to realize that culture is learned, not innate,即文化差异并非与生俱来,而是通过后天环境的影响逐渐形成的。韩裔和非裔美国人的例子说明了这一点。

最后引用人类学家Edward Hall的观点收尾,即文化与交流互相依附,不分彼此。

Part B: Listening Comprehension

1. Statements

Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSER BOOKLET.

Question1.

This report is urgent. I have to finish typing it by Monday morning. So there goes my sleep this weekend.

Question2.

What this office needs is better sound proofing. I can?t concentrate here with all that traffic passing by on the street below.

Question3.

Learning a language is a laborious process and adjusting to the subtle cultural differences require much more time and patience than anyone can imagine.

Question4.

If you can talk your boss into investing in that project, it will be a turning point for your company,

and we both shall benefit in the long run.

Question5.

I?m afraid we?ve undercharged them. The invoice does not include the legal fee and our agency commission. I think we need to inform them of this immediately.

Question6.

Being bilingual or multilingual can be an advantage in landing a job abroad, although fluency in other languages is not always a requirement.

Question7.

I believe our proposal is a real contender for the contract. All we need to do is to work ourselves into position to close the deal.

Question8.

We must prepare the ground for the deeper understanding of our differences and problems. Only through a share view of our problems, shall we be able to carry our collaboration forward.

Question9.

Given the size of the order and the amount of heavy expenses on our side, anything less than a 10% discount is not worth the trouble.

Question10.

Working burns calories. It takes about 3500 calories to lose just one pound of weight. And a one-hour walk at a moderate pace will burn up only 300 to 350 calories.

【解析】

1. 该题描述场景是在赶一份报告。此题难度较小。重点在前两句。

2. 该题描述了说话人对街上车辆噪音的不满。难点为sound proofing,意思是“隔音设备”。考生应注意抓住重点信息,前后进行推测。

3. 该题描述的是语言的学习。难点在laborious,译为“艰苦的,费劲的”。听力时,应抓住大意。

4. 该题在谈论投资项目的问题。A turning point译为“转折点”。

5. 该题讨论的是关于费用的问题。主要应掌握几个单词和词组的意思。undercharge译为“索价低于常价”;legal fee译为“诉讼费”;agency commission译为“代理手续费”。

6. 该题讨论的是语言与海外工作的关系。主要应掌握几个单词和词组的意思。Bilingual译为“双语者”;multilingual译为“使用多种语言的人”;land a job译为“找工作”。

7. 该题讨论的是合同竞争的问题。主要难点在于两个单词,contender译为“竞争者”,deal 译为“交易”。

8. 该题讨论的是合作间相互理解的问题。难点为collaboration,译为“合作”。

9. 该题讨论的是开支的问题。重点在两个单词,expenses译为“开支,费用”,discount译为“折扣”。

10. 该题是有关消耗卡路里的问题。需掌握单词calorie,译为“卡路里(热量单位)”。考生在听力过程中需注意对具体数字的掌握。

2. Talks and Conversations

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations. After each of these, you will hear a few questions. Listen carefully, because you will hear the talk or conversation and the questions ONLY ONCE.When you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

Question 11—14

W: Hello, Purchasing Department. Earls Roger?s speaking.

M: Good morning, Ms Roger. This is John Stone from ABS Company. How are you?

W: Quite good, thank you. Well, Mr Stone, we?re still studying your catalog and your products? M: That?s very thoughtful of you, Ms Roger, but I?m calling to see if you?d like to see our showroom at the trade fair that opened last week.

W: Oh, I didn't know you would have a showroom there, I?d be glad to go and have a tour around the exhibition.

M: Just tell me when it would be convenient for you and we can arrange for the tour.

W: Let me see. How about next Monday afternoon around 2:00?

M: That?s fine. I?ll be over at 1:30. It?s only a ten- to fifteen-minute drive from your department. W: I can drive there in my own car. Shall we meet at the main gate of the trade fair?

M: That?s Ok. I?ll be at the main gate at about 1:50. See you then.

W: Right. Goodbye.

11. Why is the man telephoning the woman?

12. What is the man?s profession according to the conversation?

13. When will the woman be free to visit the showroom at the trade fair?

14. Where will the man and the woman meet at the trade fair?

【解析】

文章背景:本篇属于情景对话,首先应当抓住关键词Purchasing Department,接下来的对话就比较好理解了。在对话中男人打电话邀请女人去交易会,然后互相约定了时间和见面地点。对话内容比较简单,也无特别复杂的单词,但需要特别注意对话中时间和日期的表达。

关键词:

Purchasing Department 采购部;

showroom n. 陈列室;

trade fair 商品交易会;

exhibition n. 展览会;

convenient adj. 方便的,适合的;

Questions 15—18

Every human being, no matter where they are from, is born with the ability to smile. A smile is a natural reaction to a positive moment, like a friendly face or a clever joke.

Most babies first smile between 6 and 8 weeks old. At first, it is only the expression made when exercising their facial muscles or passing wind, but once they realize a smile gets them

a lot of attention, huge smiles in return, happy noises, extra treats, they learn to try it again. And why wouldn?t they?It takes 43 muscles to frown,but only 17 to smile.

We smile when we are happy. We smile when we see people we know, but what happens when you are not happy to see someone you know? You smile anyway. You fake a smile. Unfortunately, however, a fake smile never looks quite the same as a real one. In the genuine smile you not only show your lower teeth, but also move the muscles running all the way around the mouth, which in turn makes the skin around the eyes become tighter and then your smile is real.

However, when someone smiles politely rather than because they really want to. They use the muscle which only raises the sides of the mouth and which does not move the muscles at the corners of the eyes, this kind of fake smile is sometimes referred to as the Pan-Am smile as it is named after the former airline whose flight attendants welcomed every passenger with the same forced smile.

15. According to the talk , what is a smile?

16. What happens in a real smile?

17. What do we learn about the Pan-Am smile?

18. Which of the following is not true according to the talk?

【解析】

本篇的话题是smile. 首先介绍what is smile; 然后讲到when and why people smile; 接下来分析了real smile and fake smile, 并在文章最后简要介绍了Pan-Am smile(a kind of fake smile). 这篇听力整体难度不大,基本没有生僻词,结构也比较简单。考点也依然集中在我们课上讲过的强调词、强调句式附近,比如not only…but also句型,refer to 等等。

Questions 19--22

M: Hello, this is Peter Smith?s speaking.

W: Hello, Peter. Betty?s speaking. I?m calling about the open-door concert in London. Will it still be held this Sunday as is scheduled. It?s been so cold that I haven?t been outside for a week. I do hate the cold.

M: Yes, it?s best to stay indoors in such beastly weather. But I?m afraid I have no idea about the oncoming concert. You noticed your new neighbors who have arrived at NO. 35 though, surely. Perhaps they knew something.

W: Well, I called on them yesterday. They seemed such nice people at first. But now, I?m not so sure.

M: Really? Why?

W: Well, they?re from London. And they think it?s the only place in the world worth talking about. The wife made some very catty remarks about this area.

M: Londoners always think they are better than other people. But I always find them less cultured. What?s she look like?

W: Quite young and pretty. But she does wear a lot of makeup. And she certainly dyes her hair. Perhaps, she isn?t as young as she looks.

M: Anyway, I don?t want to mix with people like that. Because I knew they would be snobs when I saw their huge car. Surely, they don?t need such a big one.

W: No…Still…My husband says it?s 4 years old. And probably cost less than ours second hand. And ours is certainly as fast as theirs. Besides, it uses so much petrol. You can hardly afford to run it.

19. What has the woman done for the past week?

20. Why is the woman telephoning?

21. What does the man say about Londoners in general?

22. What does the man think of his new neighbor?s car?

【解析】

文章内容为男女对话,难度中等。对话主题从open-door concert、天气,到男女对新邻居的看法。关键词如cold(the beastly weather),new neighbors,less cultured,snob,以及关键句子如提示女士致电意图的I?m calling about the open-door concert in London.说明女士上个星期做了什么事的It?s been so cold that I haven?t been outside for a week.以及男士对于新邻居的看法But I always find them less cultured等等。对话中没有出现难词,考生在把握整个对话的意思和意图的同时,还需要留心关键词,这样可以根据选项对题目会问些什么做出推测。

Questions 23--26

Most people are too anxious doing tests, their anxiety overshadows or even interferes with the ability to reason and make them less efficient than normal. As a result, they score far lower than they should. This is an unnecessary handicap, especially if you are a student who is going to spent 12 to 16 years or more taking tests. The solution of course is to learn the rules and techniques of successful test taking. Success builds assurance and confidence, which in turn freeze you to

perform better and better. Once you realize that eight tenths of your score depends on the way you take a test, it becomes obvious that learning rules of the test-taking game is crucial. It is not complicated, you do not have to be clever, brilliant or dishonest to do it, it is just a matter of observation and practice. Oddly, most people have not really thought much about what is means to make, give and take tests. Once you see tests are school games that have actual little meaning in the real work, once you realize the game has a format that can be recognized, rules that can be mastered, playing strategies that can be learned, it can become as entertaining as crossword puzzles. Mastering test taking like learning to absorb and retrieve information, is part of the process of educating yourself. So the efforts will not be wasted or pointless. Figuring out test is a problem solving experience, and developing confidence to recognize and solve problems is not just a school game, but true educational activity.

23. Why do many students score far lower than they should in the test?

24. According to the speaker what is crucial for successful test-taking?

25. What does the speaker think of the school tests?

26. Which of the following is not an educational activity?

【解析】

文章背景:本文属于一般的议论文问题,探讨的是关于考试的话题。作者认为通过学习一些考试技巧可以有效提高成绩并且提升个人的自信;作者认为这也是一种具有教育意义的行为。

本文难度不大,只需掌握基本核心词汇,基本不影响学生理解做题。

关键词:

anxious adj. 焦虑的;

overshadow v. 遮蔽,使相形见绌;

handicap n. 障碍,缺陷;

crucial adj. 至关重要;

format n. 设计,安排,格式;

master v. 掌握;精通;

Questions 27--30

Woman:I have a really strange experience while I was walking around on Saturday morning.

Man: Oh, what was it?

Woman: There was a crowd and at first I thought there had been an accident. But then I saw that they were making a movie.

Man: That?s not so strange. You see a lot of film crews around the town these days. Woman: Yes, but when I started to walk away, one of the men called me over. He

turned out to be the director.

Man: Really? The director himself?

Woman: Believe it or not. He wanted me to be in the picture!

Man: No kidding! Did he want you to say anything or were you just a part of the crowd?

Woman: I didn?t say anything, but I had to do something. This woman in pajamas was in the phone booth.

Man: Did you know who she was? Was she somebody famous?

Woman: She wasn?t anybody I knew. Anyway, I had to walk up to the phone booth, then when I saw there was somebody in it, I had to look disgusted and walk away. Man: You mean we?ll be able to see your face in it when it comes out?

Woman: Well, maybe, but you know how it is. I?ll probably be cut out before anybody ever sees the movie.

Man: How long did it take? Don?t they have to shoot those scenes over and over again?

Woman: It didn?t take that long. After we?d done it four times, the director said everything was Ok!

Man: I hope you got paid.

Woman: They took my name and address and they said they?d sent me a check. Man: Wonderful! Now we?re going to have a movie star in the office.

27. What was the woman?s strange experience?

28. According to the woman, who was in the phone booth when she was approaching it?

29. What was the woman supposed to do as she saw somebody in the phone booth?

30. What is the most likely relationship between the man and the woman in the conversation?

【解析】

本对话讲述了一位女士被一个电影摄制组请去当了一回演员的经历。内容比较简单,难度不大,整体把握好对话的意思。在一问一答之间,女士比较详细地描述当时拍摄的场景,从她被摄制组的导演选中,以及女士在其中所要做的动作“I didn?t say anything…I had to walk up to the phone booth…had to look disgusted and walk away”虽然没考到,但是我们在听的时候也要保持对数字的高度敏感,及时记录下相关数据。最后一题考人物关系,题型比较常见,通常从对方说话的语气就能推测出,文章最后还给出“in the office”这个很明显的提示,所以在听听力时,不要急躁,一定要听到最后一个单词为止。

重点词汇:

film crews 影片摄制组;

disgusted adj. 厌恶的,厌烦的;

shoot v. 摄影;射击;

picture n. 照片;影片;

Part C: Listening and Translation

1. Sentence Translation

Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

(1) Interesting work, enough money, plenty of exercise and entertainment, that?s my idea of a good and healthy life.

工作有趣,钱赚的够多,足够的锻炼和娱乐,这就是我所认为的健康良好的生活。

【解析】

本句难度不大,属于高中水平。三个并列的名词短语和一句总结。本句的翻译,应该尽量还原英文的句序,这样才更符合口语的特点。

(2) -- I don?t like the student canteen on campus.

-- What?s wrong with it?

-- It is interested in making money rather than serving good and inexpensive foods for us students.

-- 我不喜欢学校食堂?

-- 有什么问题吗?

-- 食堂只想着赚钱,而不是为学生提供良好的物美价廉的餐饮服务。

【解析】

这里的第三句较长,有一定难度,rather than 和good and inexpensive是本句的难点。

(3) Young people should be encouraged to see the value of all trades and professions. They should look upon the careers they?ve chosen with interest and pride.

应该鼓励年轻人看到各行各业的价值。他们应该对自己的工作充满兴趣和自豪。

【解析】

本句中的“all trades and professions”是难点,翻译出来也要符合汉语表达习惯。

(4) I think the best course of action will be to consult our lawyer before we sign the contract. Anyway this is a big deal and is vital for our company.

我认为最好还是先咨询我们的律师之后再签约,不管怎么说,这都是一笔大买卖,对我们公司来说至关重要。

【解析】

本句结构较为复杂,听起来会一头雾水,分清成分是答题关键。

(5) Over 12 thousand visitors attended the trade fair this year. This not only equals an increase by 20%, almost 2,400 visitors from last year, but it?s also a new visitor record.

今年,一万两千多名游客参观了我们的贸易展销会。相比去年增加了20%,比去年多了2400人,而且创下历年参展人数的新高。

【解析】

本句涉及数字翻译,比较难,在平时的练习中,要多多涉及像“增加了”“比去年同期”,建议大家多看《政府工作报告》的开头部分。

2. Passage Translation

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.

(1) Australia is almost a continent by itself. The vastness of the land, the relative small population, and the rich natural resources make the country the most ideal place to live. For the past decade, Australia has increased its exports of raw materials to China, which in turn has greatly aided its economy. However, because of the global financial crisis, Australia?s economy has shown signs of slow-down. The Australian dollar is said to have lost its value against the US dollar by 10 percent in the last three weeks.

澳大利亚差不多本身就是一个洲。广袤的土地、稀少的人口和丰富的自然资源,使澳大利亚成为最理想的居住地。在过去十年间,澳大利亚增加了对中国原材料的出口,反过来也大大地促进了其经济的发展。然而,由于全球金融危机,澳大利亚的经济已出现放缓迹象。据说过去三周内,澳元对美元的汇率已下降了10%。

(2) In today?s world, your personal security is largely your financial security. A balanced checkbook and a savings account not only increase your future options, but also protect your cool lifestyle. Money makes it easier to live in a safe area, to have nutritious diet, and to get a sound education. Although there is still no absolute protection from all of life hazards, wise financial planning can soften its harshest blow.

在现今世界,人身安全很大程度上取决于财务安全。收支平衡和个人储蓄账户不仅能够让自己的未来有更多的选择,同时也能保护自己安定的生活方式。有钱可以让人更容易地生活在安全的区域,享受有营养的美食,接受良好的教育。虽然目前还没什么能确保生命免受一切危害,但是明智的财务规划可以降低严重灾害的危害程度。

【解析】

第一篇文章围绕澳大利亚这一话题展开,资源,原材料,出口,金融危机,等词语也是口译经常出现的词语。段落中并没有什么难词、生词,还是比较容易理解的。关键是要求考生平时注意积累,对vastness of the land,relative small population, the rich natural resources

等一些常见名词词组熟悉,并能够迅速翻译成汉语。最后一句话The Australian dollar is said to have lost its value against the US dollar by 10 percent in the last three weeks.是被动语态,在翻译时要注意,译成“据说”“据称”,比较符合汉语表达习惯。同时要注意10 percent之前by 的翻译。

第二篇文章讲的是财物安全和规划的问题,属于社会问题,也是口译经常考的一类题。整篇的难度一般,除了个别单词拼写有些难度,如nutritious,hazard,还有个别冠词需要大家注意,其余的则主要是翻译问题了。我们常考到的数字问题或是细节问题,同学们听懂的基础上,合理笔记,全篇翻译一般问题不大。A balanced checkbook and a savings account not only increase your future options, but also protect your cool lifestyle.此处冠词不必翻译。这样的小翻译技巧都是需要考生掌握的,否则,译文就会很生硬,不符合汉语表达。另外,although 这一类表达转折的词,都是很重要的信息,不仅对翻译,对听力理解都是很重要的。

SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)

Directions:Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

A majority of the world?s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth?s climate is changing; that the change, from humanity?s point of view, is for the worse; and that the cause is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.

世界上大多数气候科学家不但自己确信,也说服了很多外行人士(其中包括一些政界人士)-- 地球的气候正在改变;这种改变,从人类角度来看,是消极的;这种改变的始作俑者是人类,是由于排放超量的诸如二氧化碳等温室气体而造成的。

A minority, though, are sceptical. Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth?s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end. Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.

少数人对此表示怀疑。一些人认为,最近有充分的数据表明地球平均气温上升是由于太阳辐射的自然波动,而且这种变化已接近尾声。另一些人认为并没有决定性证据表明近现代的地球温度高于古代。

We believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it. That is the job of the politicians. But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty.

There are no certainties in science. Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again. That is the job of the scientists.

我们深信,全球气候变暖是一个严峻的威胁,全人类都需要采取行动改变这种状况--这是政治家的职责。但是我们并不认为气候变化已成定局。科学无绝对。流行的理论必须反复经过验证,才能下定论—这是科学家的工作。

【解析】

本次中口英译汉的文章节选自《经济学人》(The Economist)网站2009年11月26日的文章A heated debate,配合当时的哥本哈根气候大会,属于事实热点,文字难度偏低。

第一段里的laymen是一个难点,这里的laymen是指不具有专业科学知识的外行,其中还包括政治家。另外,后文的“for the worse”表示“事情在向坏的方面发展”。

第二段,有第一句统摄,后面分述两种情况,并列关系需要发出来,没有太多难点。

第三段给出了报刊自己的观点,分别对政治家和科学家提出了期望。倒数第二段翻译被动语态时,需要注意,表达时要符合汉语习惯。

SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST (2) (30 minutes)

Directions:Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

豫园是上海著名的古典园林,已有400多年的历史。花园设计独特,具有明清两代南方的建筑艺术的风格。园内共有40余景,景色自然迷人,亭台楼阁、假山池塘和谐对称、协调均衡,其布局之精致自古闻名江南。

Renowned as a classical garden in Shanghai, the Yuyuan Garden dates back over 400 years. Its unique design is characterized by the styles of both the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which features the ancient southern architectures. The garden is dotted with 40 attractive scenic spots fascinating the tourists with its pavilions, pagodas, ponds and rockeries. The layout of the garden, which is harmoniously coordinated, has been earning the fame in South China for its delicacy since ancient times.

豫园原为明代一位大官的私家花园,始建于1559年,直到20年后才建成。此后曾几经变迁,屡遭摧残。所幸的是,从1949年上海解放时,园内的主要景点尚完好无损。从1956年开始,豫园经过多次修缮,重现其昔日光彩。

The garden used to be the private garden of a prestigious government official in the Ming Dynasty. Founded in 1559, its construction was not completed until 20 years later. The vicissitudes and ravages ensued. Fortunately, the major scenic spots in the garden remained intact when Shanghai was liberated in 1949. The Yuyuan Garden managed to attain its rejuvenation after several

renovations.

【解析】

本段是典型的对外宣传材料,文章以短句为主,很有汉语的音律美。面对这类文章,我们应从意群出发,摆脱句式结构的限制。这样才能写出符合英文习惯的译文。

例如:“园内共有40余景,景色自然迷人,亭台楼阁、假山池塘、和谐对称、协调均衡,其布局之精致自古闻名江南。”,这里的四字短语,如果逐字逐句翻译的话,就不太好处理了。译文将其处理成两个句子,利用英语的句子成分使语义丰满,这种翻译技法,大家可以借鉴学习。

【DF】2011年3月上海中级口译真题及答案

沪江英语绿宝书之 2011年3月上海中级口译考试 听力原文及解析 SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST (45 minutes) Part A: Spot Dictation Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. My topic for today?s lecture is communication, culture and work. When most people use the word culture, they think of people from different national backgrounds. National cultures certainly do exist and they play an important role in shaping the way people communicate, but there are other dimensions of culture too. Within a nation, regional differences can exert a powerful influence on communication. New Yorkers and Alaskans may find one another?s styles of behaving so different that they might as well be from different countries. Race and ethnicity can also shape behavior. So can age. The customs, values and attitudes of a twenty-year-old girl may vary radically from those of her parents who were raised in the 1960s or her grandparents who lived through the Great Depression and World War Ⅱ. Still, other differences can create distinctive cultures. Gender, sexual orientation, physical disabilities, religion and socio-economic background are just a few. All of these factors lead to a definition of culture as a set of values, beliefs, norms, customs, rules and codes that lead people to define themselves as a distinct group, giving them a sense of commonality. It?s important to realize that culture is learned, not innate.A Korean-born infant adopted soon after her birth by American parents and raised in the United States will think and act differently than his or her cousins who grew up in Seoul. An African American who grew up in the inner city will view the world differently than he or she would if raised in the suburbs or in a country like France where African heritage has different significance than it does in the United States. The norms and values we learn as part of our cultural conditioning shape the way we view the world and the way we interact with one another. In short, culture has such an overwhelming influence on communication that famous anthropologist Edward Hall once remarked, …culture is communication and communication is culture.?

中级口译真题+参考答案

9月中级口译真题+参考答案(4) Questions 16-20 We are moving inexorably into the age of automation. Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but, on the contrary, one which could by a single action replace a thousand men. Industrial automation has moved along three lines. First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence. The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker, and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled. Secondly, there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product: here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm, that is, the actual product with what it is supposed to be, and then correct any shortcomings. The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors are concerned. One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities. There is a factory in the U.S.A. which makes 1,000 million electric light bulbs a year, and the factory employs three hundred people. If the preautomation techniques were to be employed, the labour force required would leap to 25,000. A motor manufacturing company with 45,000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer. Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations, such as chemical plants or oil refineries. Thirdly, there is computer automation, for banks, accounting departments, insurance companies and the like. Here the essential features are the recording, storing, sorting and retrieval of information. The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their

中级口译笔试历年真题听力文字稿最完整版(97-08)

历年上海中级口译听力部分录音文稿(97.3 - 08.9) 97.3 SECTION 1:LISTENING TEST Part A: Spot Dictation The development of the Space Shuttle has dramatically reduced the cost of sending loads into space. The Shuttle takes off from Earth like a rocket, and lands again like a huge aircraft. It can transport not only its own crew, but also passengers, and has a huge cargo-hold which is capable of carrying large satellites or a space laboratory. Before the Space Shuttle was created, it was necessary to plan trips into space several years in advance. However, for the rest of the century it should be possible to make space flights every week or so. Any scientist or engineer needing to travel into orbit will simply take the next Shuttle flight, stay as long as necessary, and then return at his or her convenience. It is difficult to imagine the immense opportunities created by the Shuttle. One of the great advantages of having a reusable space vehicle is that it can take one load after another into orbit. Very large space stations could not be launched in their complete form directly from Earth, but they could be built piece by piece in space. The Space Shuttle is likely to be used as a general ―workhorse‖ for the rest of this century, and the building of such stations in orbit should become commonplace. Once these huge orbiting space stations are completed, they are likely to become the platforms from which hundreds of robot space ships could be launched cheaply and easily to explore the solar system and to start mining operations on the Moon. The technology needed for this is already developed and available. And because of commercial and military pressures to develop space technology, it is likely that governments will be increasingly willing to start extensive programs of space engineering, exploration and research. Part B: Listening Comprehension Ⅰ. Statements Question No. 1. Jane remained in London for the summer. Question No. 2. Daniel requested that he be transferred to Tokyo to start a new branch. Question No. 3. According to our correspondent, the rain has flooded several areas of South India. Question No. 4. Jason ran across his former college teacher during a business trip to Chicago. Question No. 5. The plane was due at 9:30, but has been delayed half an hour. Question No. 6. I‘d have bought Smith‘s computer if I had known he was selling it. Question No. 7. Please let me know whether you will come to the meeting or not. Question No. 8. May I suggest Friday for our trip to Hong Kong? Question No. 9. We tried to persuade him not to go to Australia, but in vain. Question No. 10. When they were searching the area, the police all but caught the thieves. Ⅱ. Talks and Conversations Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following announcement. This is the final for Olympic Airways to Athens flight number OA260. Any remaining passengers must go immediately to gate 2 where the flight is now closing. Olympic Airways flight number OA 260 closing now at gate 2. Scandinavian Airlines to Stockholm, flight number Sk528 now boarding at gate 4. Passengers to New York. British Airways regret to advise a delay of 35 minutes on their flight number BA175 to New York. That is a delay of 35 minutes on British Airways flight number BA 175 to New York. Austrian Airlines to Vienna, flight number OS455 now boarding at gate 8. Austrian Airlines flight number OS455 boarding now at gate 8. Question No.11. Where is this announcement most probably made? Question No.12. Which of the following statements is true about a about the Qlympic Airways

2013年3月上海中级口译考试翻译真题及答案解析汇总

2013年3月上海中级口译考试翻译真题及答案解析汇总 【原文】 朝气蓬勃,充满活力,丰富多彩的上海是现代中国的缩影。虽然上海的文化遗迹不能与北京媲美,但是上海迷人的城市风貌,风格各异的万国建筑为这座城市注入了无限的魅力。今日之上海,已经成为享誉中外的国际大都市。 漫步在这座日新月异的现代大都市里,你会发现许多精彩的历史亮点,隐现在众多摩天大楼背后的是上海发展变化的轨迹。它们记述了上海自十九世纪末开埠以来,尤其是新中国成立以后,是如何迅猛发展的。 【参考译文】 Shanghai is a dynamic, diverse and stimulating city - the very epitome of modern China. Though Shanghai cannot rival Beijing in cultural heritage, its varied architectural styles and cosmopolitan feel give it a charm of its own. Today's Shanghai has become a world-famous international metropolis. A walk through this booming city reveals many glimpses of its colorful past. Hidden amongst the skyscrapers are remains of the original Shanghai. They keep on showing how Shanghai has been developing fast and enormously since its opening as a commercial port in the late 19th century, especially after the founding of new China. 【评析】 该篇翻译属于经典话题,类似于上海城市介绍,考生如果熟悉教材,注意积累相关句型词汇,特别是对“朝气蓬勃、充满活力dynamic, diverse and stimulating、缩影epitome、遗迹heritage、城市风貌cosmopolitan feel、万国建筑varied architectural styles”等常考的表达,应该可以顺利取得高分。 If you’ve ever been on a jury, you might have noticed that a funny thing happens the minute you get behind closed doors. Everybody starts talking about themselves. They say what they would have done if they had been the plaintiff or the defendant. Being on a jury reminds me why I can’t tolerate talk radio. We Americans seem to have lost the ability to talk about anything but our own experiences. We can’t seem to generalize without stereotyping or to consider evidence that goes against our own experience. I heard a doctor on a radio show talking about a study that found that exercise reduces the incidence of Alzheimer’s. And caller after caller couldn’t wait to make essentially the opposite point: “Well, my grandmother never exercised and she lived to 95.”We are in an age summed up by the saying: “I experience, therefore I’m right.”Historically, the hallmarks of an uneducated person were the lack of ability to think critically, to use deductive reasoning to distinguish the personal from the universal. Now that seems an apt description of many Americans. 【参考译文】 如果你曾经当过陪审员,你可能会注意到一件有趣的事情:一旦关上了门,所有人就开始谈论他们自己。他们会讨论,如果自己是原告或被告的话会做什么。担任陪审员的经历让我明白了我为什么无法忍受谈话性的广播节目。我们美国人似乎只剩下了谈论自己经历的能力。我们似乎无法抛开固有的成见进行总结,也无法客观地分析与自身经历相悖的证据。 我曾听过一位医生在之声节目上讲述一项研究,该研究发现锻炼能降低阿兹海默症(老

历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案

历年上海英语翻译中级口译汉译英真题及答案 原文: 越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母,已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时,也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起,让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会,也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。 这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时,他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在,他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化,而且还不时走访中国,欣赏壮观的自然风光,认识丰富的文化遗产。 译文: An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West. They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage. 解析: 本段是一篇文化类介绍文章。总体难度一般,以句号结束的句子即可作为一

历年上海英语中级口译翻译英译汉真题及答案

历年上海英语中级口译翻译英译汉真题及答案 原文: 出自Newsweek Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers The relative decline of American education at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation’s future. Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations. For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well. They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements. Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess (and some people definitely do not). Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy. In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not. 我们为什么必须叫停“不称职”的老师?

上海中级口译口试历年真题

1上海市英语中级口译证书第二阶段考试试题集锦 (201009) 口语题 Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 3 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. You need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with “My name is…”,”My registration number is…” Topic: Can shopping vouchers increase consumption? Questions for Reference: 1.To stimulate consumption, which is more effective, tax reduction or shopping vouchers? 2.What are the major purposes of issuing shopping vouchers? 3.In what way can the shopping vouchers best be distributes? Shall every citizen be given the same amount of shopping vouchers or should the vouchers be limited to the lower-income people only? 口译题 Part A Directions:In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you heard each paragraph, interpret it into Chinese. Start interpreting at the signal…and stop it at the signal…You may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. Now let’s begin Part A with the first passage. Passage 1 As for us Americans, you may think that we give too much importance to individualism and personal gains, so much so that it might sacrifice collective benefits, and even bring harm to the harmony of the society.// Yes, but you don’t have to be worried. American work ethic is more individual-oriented. We often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.// If I am not mistaken, the traditional Chinese work ethic is based on Confucianism, which stresses the benefit of communal harmony rather than individual freedom.// It’s really very hard to say which is better because if the cultural differences. With the economic globalization, cultural exchanges have become more and more extensive and Americans and Chinese will know and understand each other better. 至于我们美国人,你们会感到我们太看重个人主义,太看重个人利益,这样可能会牺牲集体的利益,甚至会损害社会的和谐。// 是的,但你们不必担忧。我们美国人的工作理念更强调个人主义。我们一般重视的是结果和成就,而不是过程。// 如果我没理解错的话,中国传统的够工作理念是以儒家学说为基础的,这种思想强调整体和谐高于个体自由。// 由于文化差异的存在,真的很难说哪种理念更好。随着经济全球化,文化交流也随之变得越来越广泛,美国人民和中国人民将会更加互相了解和理解。

3月中口笔试真题(1)

3月中口笔试真题(1) Part A: Spot Dictation Direction: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE. Every human being is fallible; we make mistakes. In America when a mistake has been made, it is considered fitting for the person ________ (1) to acknowledge his or her error and to apologize to anyone who has been inconvenienced. Even ________ (2) are expected to admit their mistakes and apologize for them. Trying to ________ (3) a mistake and denying your guilt are considered to be indicative of serious ________ (4). If you make a mistake that ________ (5) a group of people, a public apology is considered the best method for ________ (6). If the mistake was a serious one, or if some people were inconvenienced more than others, then the ________ should follow the public apology with private ones to ________ (8). It is especially important for executives and company heads to be able to admit their mistakes. Sometimes leaders are afraid that if they ________ (9), they will lose the respect of their employees. Actually ________ (10)—if you are honest with your employees and yourself, ________ (11), and show that you are willing to accept blame when you make a mistake, then your employees will be ________ (12) you. They will also be more likely to admit their own mistakes. If you ________ (13) one person, it is usually best to apologize to that person alone, unless your mistake ________ (14) by a large group of people. For example, if

中级口译历年真题--翻译篇

中级口译历年真题--翻译篇 2012年春季(3月) 英译汉原文: When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalog, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It was created by a fellow named Stewart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late 1960′s, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras. It was sort of like Google in paperback form, 35 years before Google came along: it was idealistic, and overflowing with neat tools and great notions. Stewart and his team put out several issues of The Whole Earth Catalog, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-1970s, and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath it we re the words: “Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish.” It was their farewell message as they signed off. Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish. And I have always wished that for myself. And now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you. 英译汉参考译文: 我年轻的时候,有本非常好的杂志《全球目录》,这是我们那代人的“圣经”之一。杂志的创办人是斯图尔特·布兰德,创办地是在离这里不远的门罗公园,他赋予了这本杂志诗一样的美感。六十年代后期,个人电脑和桌面排版尚未出现,所以这本杂志完全利用打字机、剪刀、偏光镜来完成,有点像平装本的谷歌,却出现在谷歌问世三十五年前。这本杂志充满了理想色彩,充满了整齐利落的工具、不同寻常的见解。 斯图尔特和他的团队出版了几期《全球目录》,在它完成使命后,他们出版了最后一期杂志。那是在七十年代中期,那时我和你们的年龄相仿。杂志最后一期的封底上是张清晨的乡村公路的照片,那样的路,如果你有些冒险精神,可能会一路搭车走过。照片下面有两句话:“求知若饥,虚怀若愚”,这是他们停刊的告别语,“求知若饥,虚怀若愚”,我总是以此鼓励自己。现在,当你们即将毕业踏上新的旅程,我给予你们同样的期望。 翻译评析: 这篇短文取自于乔布斯在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲。语言比较口语化,词汇不难。因为是演讲类短文,所以考生在翻译的时候大可以顺序驱动。节选的这个短文有几处的词汇和短语大家可以注意下: poetic:充满诗情画意的 idealistic: 理想主义的 run his course: 完成使命 hitchhiking: 搭乘 sign off: 停止签发,停止 汉译英: 吸烟之危害,可谓大矣,其严重性是不能低估的。吸烟污染空气,损害健康,使肺癌发病率大大增加。为了使各国人民关注烟草的盛行及预防吸烟导致的疾病和死亡,世界卫生组织已将每年的5月31日定为“世界无烟日”。 瘾君子们说,一天饭不吃可以,一个时辰不抽烟就难捱了,不能戒。只要真正意识到吸烟有百害而无一利,于人于己都是一种祸害,就有可能下决心摆脱烟草的诱惑。戒烟贵在坚持,坚持下去就是收获。 参考译文: Smoking does great harm to human and its gravity should not be underestimated. Smoking pollutes air, damages health, and increases the incidence of lung cancer. To arouse the awareness about the prevalence of tobacco in all the countries and to prevent smoking-induced diseases and deaths, the WHO (World Health Organization) has defined May 31st in every year as World No-Tobacco Day. The tobacco addicts say that smoking is impossible to quit because they could do without meals in a day but would feel tortured without tobacco in two hours. However, when one realizes that smoking is harmful in many ways but beneficial in no way and that it is a curse to others as well

相关主题