第二讲 情态动词

第二讲情态动词

一、知识梳理/提炼

情态动词从最普通的意义上来说，是修饰分句意义的一种方式，它可以反映出说话者对其表述是否真实和可能的程度作出判断。但不同的情态动词本身所包含的意义和用法又不同，下面逐个分析。

1. can和could的用法

1) 表示能力或客观可能性，还可以表示请求和允许。如：

Can you finish this work tonight?

Man cannot live without air.

— Can I go now? — Yes, you can.

注意：①could也可表示请求，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用can （即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。如：

Could I come to see you tomorrow?

Yes, you can. （否定答语可用No, I'm afraid not.）

②can表示能力时，还可用be able to代替。如：

I'll not be able to come this afternoon.

2) 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中）

Can this be true?

How can you be so careless!

This cannot be done by him.

2. may和might的用法

1)表示许可。

表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时要用mustn't表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意。如：

You may drive the car.

— Might I use your pen? — No, you mustn't.

用May I ... 征询对方许可在文体上比较正式，在口气上比较客气。在日常口语中，用Can I ...

征询对方意见在现代口语中更为常见。

2) 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如：

May you succeed!

3)表示推测、可能（疑问句不能用于此意）。

He may be very busy now.

3. must和have to的用法

1) 表示必须、必要。如：

You must come in time.

回答must引出的问句时，如果是否定的回答，不能用mustn't，而要用needn't或don't have to。

— Must we hand in our exercise books today?

—Yes, you must. (No, you don’t have to.)

2) “must be + 表语”的结构表示推测，它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。

This must be your pen.

3) have to的含义与must相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但have to有各种形式，随have的变化而定。must与have to有下列几点不同：

① must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要。如：

The play is not interesting. I really must go now.

I had to work when I was your age.

② must一般只表现在，have to则有更多的时态形式。

③二者的否定意义不大相同。如：

You mustn't go. 你可不要去。

You don't have to go. 你不必去。

④询问对方的意愿时应用must。如：

Must I clean all the room?

4. need的用法

1) need表示“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，仅用于否定句或疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to,或should代替。如：

You needn’t come so early.

— Need I finish the work today?

— Yes, you must.

2) need 也可以做实义动词，表示“需要”，人做主语时，为sb. need to do, 物做主语时为sth. need doing 或sth. need to be done.如：

The garden needs watering./to be watered.花园该浇水了。

I don't think you need to worry about this. 我认为你不必为这事担心。

5. dare的用法

1）dare作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。如：How dare you say I'm unfair.

He daren't speak English before such a crowd, dare he?

2）dare 可以做实义动词，敢;胆敢[+to-v]，如：

He did not dare to leave his car there.

他不敢把车停放在那里。

6. shall和should的用法

1）shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。如：

What shall we do this evening?

2）shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson?

When shall he be able to leave the hospital?

3）shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：

You shall fail if you don't work harder. （警告）

He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）

He shall be punished. （威胁）

4）should表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是ought to；在疑问句中，通常用should代替ought to。如：

You should go to class right away.

Should I open the window?

should的含义较多，用法较活，现介绍三种其特殊用法。请看下面的句子：

① I should think it would be better to try it again. 我倒是认为最好再试一试。

② You are mistaken, I should say. 依我看，你是搞错了。

③ I should advise you not to do that. 我倒是劝你别这样做。

④ This is something I should have liked to ask you. 这是我本来想问你的。

从以上例句可以看出：情态动词should用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。

should还可以用在if引导的条件从句，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全没有可能。相当于“万一”的意思。从句谓语由should加动词原形构成，主句谓语却不一定用虚拟语气。如：

⑤ Ask her to ring me up if you should see her. 你万一见到她，请让她给我打个电话。

⑥ If you should change your mind, please let us know. 万一你改变主意，请通知我们。

⑦ Should I (If I should) be free tomorrow I will come. 万一我明天有时间，我就来。

此外，Why(or How) + should结构表示说话人对某事不能理解，感到意外、惊异等意思。意为“竟会”。如：

⑧ Why should you be so late today? 你今天怎么来得这么晚？

⑨— where is Betty living? —贝蒂住在哪里？

— How should I know? —我怎么会知道呢？

⑩ I don't know why you should think that I did it. 我真不知道你凭什么认为这件事是我干的。

7. will和would的用法

1）表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。如：

Would you pass me the book?

2）表示意志、愿望和决心。如：

I will never do that again.

They asked if we would do that again.

3）would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某中倾向。would表过去习惯时比used to正式，并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。如：

The wound would not heal.

During the vacation he would visit me every week.

4）表料想或猜想。如：

It would be about ten when he left home.

What would she be doing there?

I thought he would have told you all about it.

8. ought to的用法

1）ought to表示应该。如：

You ought to take care of him.(你应该好好照顾他)

He ought to be home by now. （他应该现在在家了）

9. used to，had better，would rather的用法

1）used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在已不存在

He used to play football when he was young.

在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中，可有两种形式：

疑问句

Did you use to go to the same school as your brother?

Used you to go to the same school as your brother?

否定句

I usedn't to go there.

I didn't use to go there.

其反意疑问句或简略回答中，也有两种形式：

She used to be very fat, didn't she? （正式）/ use(d)n't she? （口语）

Did you use to play chess? Yes, I did.

Used you to get up early in the morning? Yes, I did. (Yes, I used to.)

2）had better意为“最好”，后接不带to的不定式。如：

— We had better go now.

— Yes, we had (we'd better / we had better).

3）would rather意为“宁愿”，表选择，后接不带to的不定式。如：

I'd rather not say anything.

Would you rather work on a farm?

10．情态动词的现在完成式的用法

情态动词现在完成式主要有两个功能：表示已经发生的情况和表示虚拟语气。在这两个方面must / mustn’t; can / can’t ; need / needn’t; may / mayn’t; might / mightn’t; should / shouldn’t; ought等情态动词＋完成式表示的意思是有一定区别的

表示已经发生的情况：

1）“must + have + 过去分词”的结构常用在肯定句中，表示对过去发生的行为的推测。它的否定或疑问式用can代替must。如：

He must have been to Shanghai.

2）can’t / couldn’t have+过去分词，表示对已发生情况的否定推测，译为“（昨天）一定没……”。如：

I couldn’t have entered the room without your help.

3）may / might have +过去分词，表示对已发生的事情做不肯定、可能性很小的推测，或事实上根本没发生，译为“也许……”。如：

At Florida Power’s Crystal River plant，a potentially serious leakage of radioactive water may have been unknowingly caused by an electrician.

表示虚拟语气

1）needn’t have + 过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，译为“其实没必要……”。如：

You needn't have waited for me.

You needn’t have come over yourself.

2）should have +过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做，译为“本应该……”should not + have过去分词表示本不应该做某事但实际上做了，译为“本不应该……”。如：

I should have helped her, but I never could.

I regret having left the work unfinished; I should have planned everything ahead carefully.

3）will(would) + have + 过去分词表示推测，主要用于第二、三人称，表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。如：

He will have arrived by now.

The guests would have arrived by that time.

11. 情态动词被动关系的主动表达法

1）want，require，worth（形容词）后面接doing也可以表示被动意义。如：

Your hair wants cutting

The book is worth reading

The floor requires washing.

2）need既可以用need to be done 也可以使用need doing ，两种形式都表达被动的意义。如：

The house needs painting= the house needs to be painted.

二、课堂精讲例题

例题1. 选择题

题目：My pain apparent the moment I walked into the room，for the first man I met _____ asked sympathetically：” Are you feeling all right？”

A. must be

B. had been

C. must have

D. had to be

难度分级：B类

选题意图（对应知识点）：情态动词+have done 的用法及含义

解题思路：此句表过去时，对过去发生事情的肯定推测，故用must have done

解法与答案：在我走进房间的同时，我的疼痛开始了，第一次遇见我的人肯定会同情地问：你还好吗？选C

例题2. 选择题

题目：Mary_____ my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.

A. couldn’t have received

B. ought to have received

C. has received

D. shouldn’t have received

难度分级：B类

选题意图（对应知识点）：情态动词+have done 的用法及含义

解题思路：此题也表对过去的推测

解法与答案：Mary不可能收到我的来信了，不然他早就给我回信了。选A

例题3. 选择题

题目：______ you continue your effort and succeed!

A. must

B. can

C. should

D. may

难度分级：B类

选题意图：考查用于祈使句，表祝愿

解题思路：情态动词中，只有may可以表祝福，祝愿。

解法与答案：D

例题4. 选择题

题目：— What does the sign over there read?

—No person________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.

A. will

B. may

C. shall

D. must

难度分级：B类

选题意图：shall的用法考查

解题思路：shall用于第二、三人称中表示“命令、允许、警告”，此处表示“警告”。

解法与答案：C

例题5. 选择题

题目：You ______ washed so many clothes, we’ll have a washing machine tomorrow.

A. must have

B. needn’t

C. needn’t have

D. couldn’t have

难度分级：B类

选题意图：考查needn’t+have done 用法

解题思路：needn’t have washed 表示本不必洗，暗含此动作多此一举的意思。

解法与答案：C

课堂训练题

选择题

1. I ____like to make a suggestion. （A类）

A) could B) would C) must D) might

解析：would like to 想要做…, 故选B

2. As it turned out to be a small house party, we ______so formally. （B类）

A. needn’t dress up

B. did not need have dressed up

C. did not need dress up

D. needn’t have dressed up

解析：此题前半句是表过去发生的事情，没必要穿那么正式，所以为“本不必穿那么正式（暗含已经穿的正式了）答案为D

3. You____ the cleaning! I will do it for you.（B类）

A) needn't have done B) shouldn't have done

C) must not have done D) can not have done

解析：此题表示没必要做的事情做了，含有多此一举的意思，故选A

4. I can't find the recorder in the room. It ____ by somebody.（B类）

A) may have been taken away B) may leave

C) may take away D) must have been taken away

解析：对过去发生事情的肯定推测must have done，“一定是被某人拿走了”。故选A

5. ___ you continue in your efforts and achieve new and greater successes.（C类）

A) Would B) Will C) May D) Should

解析：此题表祝福，祝愿，“祝你再接再厉，取得更新更大的成功。故选C

三、巩固练习

选择题（B类）

1. You____ all those clothes! We have a washing machine to do that sort of thing

A) needn't have washed B) shouldn't have washed

C) must not have washed D) can not have washed

2. John's score on the test is the highest in the class; he____ last night.

A) should study B) should have studied

C) must have studied D) must have to study

3. The room is in a terrible mess; it ____cleaned. (CET-4)

A) can't have been B) shouldn't have been

C) mustn't have been D) wouldn't have been

4. Nobody knows how people first came to these islands. They ____ from South America on rafts.

A) must have sailed B) can sail

C) might have sailed D) should have sailed

5.Mary was not in her bedroom yesterday afternoon. She ____ in her classroom.

A) should have been B) must have been

C) must be D) should be

6.Bob said he was going to join our club but he didn't. He ____ his mind.

A) can't have changed B) wouldn't have changed

C) must have changed D) shouldn't have changed

7.You____ to town to see the film yesterday. It will be on TV tonight.

A) needn't go B) had better not go

C) should not go D) needn't have gone

8.We____ the letter yesterday, but it didn't arrive.

A) must receive B) ought to receive

C) must have received D) ought to have received

9. With all the work on hand, he____ to the cinema last night.

A) mustn't go B) shouldn't have gone

C) could not go D) couldn't have gone

10. Eve was late for class again. She ____earlier.

A) should get up B) must get up

C) need to get up D) should have got up

11.I am feeling sick. I____ so much chocolate.

A) needn't have eaten B) couldn't have eaten

C) mustn't have eaten D) shouldn't have eaten

12. Walking alone in the deserted village, John was scared. He thought he____ Tom to go with him.

A) might have asked B) should asked

C) must have asked D) should have asked

13. When I got to the cinema, the film had already started; I____ there earlier.

A) ought to get B) ought to have got

C) must have got D) must get

14. The road was muddy. It___last night.

A) must rained B) must have rained

C) must be rained D) could have rained

15.I know things are hard with you, but you ____try to get over the difficulties.

A) can B) may C) must D) ought

16.You should bear in mind that he is not so strong as he____.

A) was used to be B) used to be

C) was used to D) use to

17.---We didn't see him at the exhibition yesterday.

---He ______ it.

A) mustn’t visit B) can't have visited

C) should have gone to see D) may see

18. Mary ____my letter, otherwise she would have replied before now.

A) should have received B) has received

C) couldn't have received D) ought to have received

19. I ____ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money.

A) would have liked to give B) liked to give

C) have liked to give D) would like to give

20.“Where ____ my umbrella?”

“Somebody ____ it away by mistake.”

A) is, must have taken B) is, must take

C) have been, must take D) is, takes

21.___ you continue in your efforts and achieve new and greater successes.

A) Would B) Will C) May D) Should

22. We ought to help each other in our work, ____?

A) oughtn't we B) should we C) shouldn't we D) ought to we

23. Tom ____ better than to ask Dick for help.

A) shall know B) shouldn't know C) has known D) should have known

24.You ____ your tooth pulled out before it rot completely.

A) had better got B) had to get better

C) had better to get D) had better get

25. When we got to the cinema, the film hasn't started yet, so we ____.

A) needn't hurry B) didn't need hurry

C) needn't to hurry D) needn't have hurried

26.As he had heart attack, he was told that he ____ continue the work.

A) needn't B) may not C) mustn't D) can't

27.I ____like to make a suggestion.

A) could B) would C) must D) might

答案

1-5A C A C B 6-10 DDDDD 11-15 DDBBC 16-20 BCCA A 21-27 CCDDDCB

英语语法：祈使句

英语语法：祈使句1含有第二人称主语的祈使句 Be careful！小心！ Don't make such a noise.不要这么吵。 1.肯定的祈使句 a.句型：动词原形～.（省略主语） Stand up.起立。 Be quiet，please.请安静。 b.有时，为了增强语气，能够在动词之前加do Do sit down. 务必请坐。 Do study hard. 一定要努力学习。 比较 祈使句和陈述句 陈述句： You sit down. 你坐下来。 祈使句： Sit down.坐下

（省略主语you） c.用客气的语气表示祈使句时，可在句首或句尾加上please，但如果在句尾加please，那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“，”。 Go this way，please. 请这边走。 d.祈使句中如果有唤语，一定要用逗号“，”隔开，放在句首或句尾。 Li Ming，come here. 李明，过来。 Come here，Li Ming. 过来，李明。 2.否定的祈使句 句型：Don't +动词原形～ Don't swim in the river. 别在河里游泳。 Don't be late.别迟到。 Please don't be noisy. 请不要大声喧哗。 注意 表示禁止时，尤其是标语等也可用“No+动名词”来表示。 No smoking. 禁止吸烟。

No parking. 禁止停车。 句型转换 祈使句与陈述句的改写 1．祈使句=You must …（陈述句） Come here .过来。 =You must come here . 你必须过来。 Don't do that again. 你一定不能够再那样做了。 2．Please +祈使句=Will you (please) ～?（陈述句）Please help me .请帮帮我。 =Will you (please) help me? 你愿意帮我的忙吗？ Come here on time ,please .请准时到这儿。 =Will you (please) come here on time ? 请你准时到好吗？ 2含有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句 Let's say good-by here. 我们在此道别吧。 Don't let him do that again.

情态动词讲解及练习题资料

情态动词 一．情态动词基本用法 1.? can和could，用在否定句和疑问句中,表示惊讶，用在否定句和疑问句中。 How could you do such a silly thing? ?cannot....too/enough 表示“无论...也不过分，越...越好”。 You can’t be too careful while driving? 2.may和might的区别 ?表示许可、可能性、祝愿等意义，might比may更委婉。 A:给别人许可时。-May I play basketball this afternoon？ B:may/might as well+动原，“最好，倒不如”。 ?may作“可以”讲时，疑问句回答用mustn’t/can’t表示禁止。 3. Must的用法 ?表示禁止（用于否定中） You mustn’t smoke in the bedroom. ?表示偏执、固执 -Could I have a word with you,mum? -Oh dear,if you must. ?must的否定回答 A:作必须讲时，疑问否定回答用don’t have to,needn’t B：推测，一定讲时，回答用can’t. C:mustn’t表禁止。 --May I use your car? --No, you mustn’t./-Sorry,you’d better not.(委婉) 注意：must强调内在职责，而have to 强调迫于外界压力，不得已而为之。 4 .shall的用法

?一、三人称征求意见时。请求对方时。Shall we begin our class? ?二，三人称陈述句中，说话人给对方的命令，警告、允诺或威胁。 You shall not get my support if you do such a thing. 5.will和would的区别 ?自愿主动提出，如：意志、愿望或决心，would 过去，will not表示拒绝。 I have told him again and again to stop smoking,but he will not listen. ?will习惯性动作，有“总是”或“总要”之意。 Everything he will have a walk along this year. ?would过去习惯性动作，比used to 正式。 Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after Class. ?used to do 过去常，过去一直------只表示过去。 be used to do “用来”/be used to doing习惯于-----可表过、现或将。 6.dare表示敢于情态：dare do Dare you go home along？ 及物：dare to do Do they dare to say what she thinks? 7.need用法情态：need do 及物need to do表示主动 need doing 被动My overcoats needs washing. 8. must一定要,必须，应该（现在时） have to 客观需要，能用于更多时态（过去或将来）注意 ought to 表示义务和责任“应该”，比should语气强。 You ought to take care of yourself. 二．情态动词表推测用法

初中英语语法大全：祈使句

初中英语语法大全：祈使句 祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等等。谓语动词一律用原形。句子中通常不用主语，句末用惊叹号或者句号，用降调。 1含有第二人称主语的祈使句 Be careful！小心！ Don“t make such a noise.不要这么吵。 1.肯定的祈使句 a.句型：动词原形～.（省略主语） Stand up.起立。 Be quiet，please.请安静。 b.有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do Do sit down. 务必请坐。 Do study hard. 一定要努力学习。 比较 祈使句和陈述句 陈述句： You sit down. 你坐下来。 祈使句：

Sit down.坐下 （省略主语you） c.用客气的语气表示祈使句时，可在句首或句尾加上please，但如果在句尾加please，那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“，”。 Go this way，please. 请这边走。 d.祈使句中如果有唤语，一定要用逗号“，”隔开，放在句首或句尾。 Li Ming，come here. 李明，过来。 Come here，Li Ming. 过来，李明。 2.否定的祈使句 句型：Don“t +动词原形～ Don“t swim in the river. 别在河里游泳。 Don“t be late.别迟到。 Please don“t be noisy. 请不要大声喧哗。 注意 表示禁止时，尤其是标语等也可用“No+动名词”来表示。 No smoking.

禁止吸烟。 No parking. 禁止停车。 句型转换 祈使句与陈述句的改写 1．祈使句=You must…（陈述句） Come here .过来。=You must come here . 你必须过来。 Don“t do that again. 你一定不可以再那样做了。 2．Please +祈使句=Will you (please)～?（陈述句）Please help me .请帮帮我。 =Will you (please) help me? 你愿意帮我的忙吗？ Come here on time ,please .请准时到这儿。 =Will you (please) come here on time ? 请你准时到好吗？ 2含有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句 Let“s say good-by here. 我们在此道别吧。 Don“t let him do that again.

初中英语知识点总结：感叹句和祈使句

知识点总结 一、感叹句 感叹句是用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的一种句式。尽管感叹句的表现形式多种多样,但主要的表现形式只有两种,即what和how引导的感叹句。what修饰名词,how 修饰形容词、副词或动词。 1、由感叹词what引导的感叹句。what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式： 1）What+a(an)+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！或是：What+名词词组+主语+谓语！如：What a fine day it is! 2）What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语！如：What kind women they are! What nice music it is! 2、由How引导的感叹句。how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是：How+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！例如： How hard the workers are working! How clever the girl is! 注意：当how修饰动词时，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。How fast the runner runs! 3、what与how引导的感叹句，一般情况下可以相互转换，转换后意义不变。（具体见下）如：What an interesting story it is!==How interesting the story is! what a beautiful building it is!==How beautiful the building is! 在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。如：What a nice present!（省略it is）How disappointed!（省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语） 二、祈使句 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句通常省略主语，谓语动词用原形，句尾用感叹号或句号。 1、肯定结构: 1）动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分。如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。 2）Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分。如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! 3）Let + 宾语+ 动词原形+ 其它成分。如:Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 2、否定结构: 1）don't+动词原形+其他。如:Don't forget me! 不要忘记我! Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到! 2）Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形+ 其它成分。如: Let him not go. 别让他走。 3）有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! 禁止吸烟! 常见考法 对于感叹句和祈使句的考查，常会出现在单选和完成句子中，主要考察两种句子的用法和构成。 典型例题：You should not talk in class.(改写同义句） in class. 解析：本题考查祈使句的用法。从题意“你不应该在课堂上说话”可知，这是建议对方不要做某事的，应该用祈使句。

英语助动词和情态动词及练习

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2019版高考英语一轮复习精细化学通语法第九讲情态动词与虚拟语气讲义

第九讲情态动词与虚拟语气 (一) 1．can/could (1)表示能力，意为“能，会”。 The smallest good habits can make a big difference. 最小的好习惯会产生很大的作用。 It was several minutes before I could take in what he was saying. 过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。 (2)表示推测，意为“可能”，用于否定或疑问句中。can比could语气强。 This can’t/couldn’t be done by him. 这事不可能是他干的。 (3)表示请求或允许。在疑问句中可以用could代替can，语气更委婉。 Could I use your phone, please? 我可以用一下你的电话吗？ (4)表示理论上的可能性。 Always believe that good things are possible, and remember that mistakes can be lessons that lead to discoveries. 要始终相信美好事物的降临并非不可能，失误也会变成经验教训，从而获得更多发现。 (5)用于否定句和疑问句，表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。 He can’t/couldn’t do this. 他不可能这样干。(表示不相信) Can this be done by him?

这可能是他干的吗？(表示疑惑、惊讶) (6)用于固定结构中 ①can’t ... too/enough表示“无论……也不过分；越……越好”。 You can’t be too careful while driving. 你开车时越小心越好。 ②can’t help doing sth.表示“禁不住做某事”。 Hearing this story, I couldn’t help laughing. 听到这个故事，我禁不住大笑起来。 [名师指津] can 和be able to都可以表示能力，二者有时可互换。但be able to 可以表示“终于做成某事”，有更多时态和人称的变化；还可与某些情态动词或系动词连用，如might, ought to, seem等；还可用非谓语动词形式。 If you have a good sleep, you will be able to work out this problem. 如果你睡个好觉，那么你就能做出这道题。 He seemed to be able to put complicated thought in simple words. 他似乎能把复杂的思想用简单的话语说出来。 She grasped my hand, not being able to say anything. 她抓着我的手，什么话也说不出来。 2．may/might (1)表示请求和许可。在疑问句中，might可以代替may，语气更加委婉。 May I ask if you are fond of traveling by sea? 我可以问一下你是否喜欢乘船旅行？ Might I borrow your computer? 我可以借一下你的电脑吗？ (2)表示可能性，可以对现在、过去或将来进行推测。通常用于肯定句和否定句。might 比may语气弱。 Parents may scold their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. 当孩子不整洁的时候，父母也许会责骂孩子。但他们也应该理解孩子们的房间是他们的私人空间。 If you forgot to turn it off when you went away, you might burn down the house. 当你离开时如果忘记关掉它，你可能会把整个房子都烧毁的。 (3)表示祝愿，常用结构为“May＋主语＋动词原形！” May you succeed! 祝你成功！

be动词-情态动词及助动词用法

七年级英语双休日作业 班级：姓名：等级 英语句型变化总结练习 1、含有be动词am，is，are构成的句子： 变一般疑问句时把am，is，are提到句子的前面，句尾用问号即可。 变否定句时直接在am，is，are后面加not即可。例如： 肯定句:He is a student. 一般疑问句: a student? 否定句: He a student. 肯定句：We are from China. 一般疑问句: from China? 否定句：We from China 2. 由情态动词can, may, should等构成的句子: 变一般疑问句时把can, may,提到句子的前面,句尾用问号即可. 变否定句时直接在can, may,后面加not即可. 例如: 肯定句: She can swim. 一般疑问句:she swim? 否定句: She swim. 3. 由行为动词构成的句子: 需要加助词do或does. 变一般疑问句时把do/does放在句子前面. 变否定句时在主语后面加don’t / doesn’t , 谓语用动词原形。例如: 肯定句: They play football after school. 一般疑问句: play football after school? 否定句: They football after school. 肯定句：Tom watches TV every day. 一般疑问句: Tom TV every day? 否定句: Tom TV every day.

注意：变否定句时相关词的改变 肯定句变否定句时，除将谓语变为否定式外，句中其他词语也可能随之改变： 如将some改为any，too和also改为either，and改为or等：There are some birds in the tree. 树上有些鸟。 →There aren’t ______ birds in the tree. 树上没有鸟。 He likes the book, too. 他也喜欢这本书。 →He doesn’t like the book, ______. 他也不喜欢这本书。He likes singing and dancing. 他喜欢唱歌和跳舞。 →He doe sn’t like singing ______dancing. 他不喜欢唱歌也 不喜欢跳舞。补充练习： 根据句后括号内的要求，填入句中所缺的词： 1. I know the answer. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ know the answer? 2. We can see some birds. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ see ______ birds? 3. There is a computer in the house. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ a computer in the house? 4. There are some flowers on the teachers’ desk. (一般疑问句) ______ ______ any flowers on the teachers’ desk? 5. There are some apples on the tree. (否定式) There ______ ______ ______ apples on the tree. 6. I think he is old. (否定句) I ______ think he ______ old.

对情态动词must,may,need的回答

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初中英语语法知识—祈使句的知识点复习

一、选择题 1．Tom, laugh at（嘲笑）others. It’s not polite! A．don't B．doesn’t C．not D．don't be 2．Peter, here, or I’ll ask you to get out of the library. A．not shout B．don’t shout C．not to shout D．no shout 3．The teacher often says, “ _____ late for school. ” A．Don’t B．Don’t be C．Not D．Doesn’t 4．Tim,______noisy in the library. A．don’t B．doesn’t C．don’t be D．doesn’t be 5．---Be careful, don’t forget to follow your father. ---I know that, Mum. One can never be too careful. A．and B．or C．but D．so 6．_______ afraid of making mistakes. We can learn from our mistakes. A．Be not B．Don’t be C．Not be D．Not to be 7．Cindy, ______ chase other students in the class. A．doesn't B．do C．be D．don't 8．___________really hard, and you can realize your dream of becoming an astronaut. A．Works B．To work C．Working D．Work 9．—Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. — _________. A．I don't B．I won't C．I will D．I'd like to 10．Hurry up, _________ you will be late for class. A．and B．or C．but D．so 11．-Let's make fruit salad. - _____________ . A．No,I'm not B．Thank you C．That's all right D．That's a good idea 12．good care of yourself when you are alone, or your parents will worry about you. A．Taking B．To take C．Taken D．Take 13．Let’s ____________ volleyball. That _________ good. A．playing, is B．playing, sounds C．play, sounds D．play, is sound 14．Your future is whatever you make it, so ________it a good one. A．to make B．making C．made D．make 15．---Mike, ___________ run in the hallways. 一Sorry, Ms. Clark. A．don't B．doesn't C．let's D．please 16．— Daniel, _________ be late for school again! —Sorry, Mrs. Lin. I won’t. A．doesn’t B．don’t C．isn’t D．won’t

英语祈使句和感叹句专项练习题及答案

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中考考点情态动词和助动词

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系动词助动词情态动词内部编号：（YUUT-TBBY-MMUT-URRUY-UOOY-DBUYI-0128）

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