学术英语读写教程(上)Teachers' Book

Section One Reading and Writing Narrative Stories

Unit 1 Love Stories

Text A Appointment with Love

Language Points

1.Six minutes to six, said the great round clock over the information booth in Grand

Central Station. (Para. 1)

Meaning: The great round clock over the information booth in Grand Central Station indicated that it was six minutes to six.

said: to give particular information or instructions

Example: The notice said “keep out”.

2.…his eyes narrowed to note the exact time. (Para.1)

Meaning: He narrowed his eyes, in order to take a closer look at the exact time.

note: to notice or pay careful attention to something

Example: Please note that the office will be closed on Sunday. 3.…sustained him unfailingly (Para.1)

Meaning: (The woman?s written words) always supported him.

4.He placed himself as close as he could to the information booth, just beyond the

ring of people besieging the clerks. (Para.2)

Meaning: He tried his best to get closer to the information booth, just at the edge of a circle of people surrounding the clerks.

5.His face grew sharp. (Para.5)

Meaning: His face gradually showed a sign of nervousness and vigilance.

6.He had got hold of a New York City telephone book and found her address.

(Para.7)

Meaning: He had found a New York City telephone book and got her address on it.

get hold of something: to find something that you want or need

Example: It is almost impossible to get hold of tickets for the concert.

7.Next day he had been shipped out, but they had gone on writing. (Para.7)

Meaning:Next day he had left the country by boat, but they had continued to write to each other.

ship out: to leave a country by boat

Example: He told Linda he was shipping out in two days.

8.I?d always be haunted by the feeling that you had been taking a chance o n just

that, … (Para.9)

Meaning: The thought that you had decided to write to me only because I was beautiful would continuously bother me.

take a chance (on something): to gamble that something good might happen or that someone might do well; to take a risk that something would go wrong or that someone would do badly

Example: They took a chance on the weather and planned to have the party outside.

9.…he pulled hard on a cigarette. (Para. 10)

Meaning:…he sucked hard on a cigarette.

pull on a cigarette: to suck on or draw on a cigarette

Example: He pulled on his cigarette and waited for the train.

10.He squared his broad shoulders… (Para. 20)

Meaning:He made his broad shoulders straight…

square one’s shoulders: if you square your shoulders or square yourself, you make your back and shoulders straight to show you are ready or determined to do something

Example: Rosemary squared herself to face the waiting journalists.

11.I?ve got two boys with Uncle Sam myself, so I didn?t mind to oblige y ou.

(Para.22)

Meaning: I myself have got two boys who also served in the U.S. army, so I didn?t mind to help you.

Cultural Notes

1.Zero

Zero was a model of Japanese fighter plane in WWII.

2.King David

David (C.1040-970 BCE) was the second king of the United Kingdom of Israel, an important figure in Jewish, Islamic, and Christian doctrine and culture. He is regarded as a righteous king, a highly acclaimed warrior, a musician, and a psalmist. In Islamic culture, David is considered to be a prophet and the king of a nation. In Christian culture, he is believed to be an ancestor of Jesus. David traditionally takes the credit for writing many psalms of the Bible, which can be found in The Book of Psalms.

3.Psalm 23rd

In this psalm, David praises God as His Shepherd. The text is beloved by both Jews and Christians. The psalm has always been a popular passage for memorization. Since the 20th century, Psalm 23rd has even become a passage being often recited at the funeral in the English-speaking world. It has been widely used following high-profile tragic events such as 9/11 Address to the Nation and Whitney Houston?s funeral. The English version of Psalm 23rd is as follows:

A Psalm of David

The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want.

He makes me lie down in green pastures:

He leads me beside the still waters.

He restores my soul:

He leads me in the paths of righteousness for his name?s sake.

Though I walk through the valley of the shadow of Death,

I will fear no evil: for you are with me; your rod and your staff they comfort me. You prepare a table before me in the presence of my enemies:

You anoint my head with oil; my cup overflows.

Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life:

and I will dwell in the house of the Lord forever.

4.Of Human Bondage

Of Human Bondage is one of the greatest novels of the twentieth century written by W. Somerset Maugham, the writer who also wrote The Moon and Sixpence and The Razor’s Edge. Of Human Bondage tells a story of sexual obsession of Philip Carey, who seeks for freedom from the oppressive Christian upbringing. Theodore Dreiser spoke very highly of this novel and called it “a work of genius”.

Keys to Exercises

Post-Reading Exercises

I. Reading Comprehension

1-5 CCABD

II. Micro-writing Skills

1.Vocabulary Building

1) confessed 2) Besieged 3) beyond 4) provocation 5) narrow

6) sharp 7) rings 8) noted 9) obliged 10) Square

2.Structure Cumulating

1)half of the estimated time

2)head of our department

3) a former imperial palace in Beijing

4)Tolstoy

5)girls

6)land, funds and technology

7)the capital of France

8)courtesy, hospitality and respect for elders

3.Cloze Testing

1) job 2) ever 3) while 4) shoes 5) she

6) no 7) would 8) having 9) was 10) driving

4.Functional Training

1)the girl:

wearing a red flower in her suit lapel, but it was a crimson sweet pea, not

the little red rose they had agreed upon.

too young, about 18.

Hollis Meynell:

A young woman

Her figure was long and slim;

her blond hair lay back in curls from her delicate ears.

Her eyes were blue as flowers,

her lips and chin had a gentle firmness.

In her pale green suit, she was like springtime come alive.

a small, provocative smile curved her lips.

the-middle-age woman:

a woman well past 40,

her graying hair tucked under a worn hat.

more than plump;

her thick-ankled feet were thrust into low-heeled shoes.

wore a red rose in the rumpled lapel of her brown coat.

2)the waiting line:

six minutes to six four minutes to six one minute to six

the recalling line:

a few days before one night of the NOW in

this fight worst of fighting Grand Central Station

the time he

got the book

Text B The Date Father Didn’t Keep

Language Points

1.Thank heaven she did n?t recognize me. (Para.10)

Meaning:I am so glad that she didn?t recognize me.

Similar expressions: thank goodness/ thank God

Example:…Thank goodness for that!? my mother said with a sigh of relief.

2.I fell madly in love with her, and she with me. (Para.10)

Meaning: I was passionately in love with her, and she returned my love in the same way.

3.If she had married me, she wouldn?t have had any prospects. (Para.14)

Meaning: If she had married me at that time, she would have had a bleak future.

4.When I wrote to my father that I wanted to get married he cut off my allowance.

(Para.14)

Meaning: When I wrote a letter to inform my father that I wanted to get married, he stopped giving me money.

5.…that her father might stop and seize our letter, … (Para.15)

Meaning: that her father might build a barrier to our communication, …

6.I was doubly lucky… (Para. 28)

Meaning:I was exceedingly lucky…

doubly: more than usual

Example: doubly difficult/ hard/ important

Key to Exercises

I. Reading Comprehension

1-5 ACBCD

II. Micro-writing Skills

1.Translation Practice

English to Chinese

1)故事发生在一个彩色装潢的丹麦小酒馆，这种酒馆只对游客开放，那儿

的人都讲英语。(division)

2)于是我回到家，借到了钱，便写信把日期告诉她了。(conversion)

3)事情能这样发展真的很幸运。不然，你也就不会遇到妈妈了。(supplement)

Chinese to English

1)I fell madly in love with her, and she with me. (omission to avoid repetition)

2)But I met the girl once more, and told her I would return to America, borrow

enough money to get married on, and come back for her in a few months.

(inversion)

3)I was doubly lucky, young fellow, for otherwise I wouldn?t have me t you,

either. (conversion)

Explanation:

Diction: choosing a proper word to convey the exact meaning.

Omission: omitting “the recurring object” to avoid repetition or unnecessary involved expressions.

Conversion: changing the part of speech according to the manner of the target

language so that the idiomatic usage is achieved.

Inversion: changing the order of words and arranging them in a natural order of the target language.

Affirmation to negation / negation to affirmation: using words with negative / affirmative implications to express affirmative / negative meanings. Subordination:arranging essential information in the main clause and the non-essential information in the subordinate clause in accordance with the idiomaticity of target language.

Division: dividing a long sentence into several short parts, usually employed in translation from English to Chinese.

Integration: clustering several short sentences into a long one, usually employed in translation from Chinese to English.

Unit 2 Christmas Stories

Text A Angel on a Doorstep

Language Points

1.It took slow, careful questioning to extract the story from him. (Para.3)

Meaning: It was a time-consuming and meticulous task for the narrator to make an inquiry into what had happened to him.

extract: to obtain information or money, etc. by taking it from somebody who is disinclined to offer it.

2.… with six children and another on the way. (Para. 4)

Note: In the text, on the way indicates that the woman is expecting her seventh baby.

3.I repeated my condolences and let the matter rest. (Para.6)

Meaning: I continually offered my sympathy on Ben?s loss and tried to let his passion subside.

4.Worried that this incident would sour a warm person, I mulled over what to do.

(Para. 6)

Meaning: I was anxious that the unpleasant experience would devour Ben?s kindness and I pondered on some solutions to help him.

5.I let the subject drop. (Para. 13)

Meaning: I stopped further discussion of my solution to his problem.

6.… it seemed he lightened up a bit more. (Para.16)

Meaning: the dark cloud of his loss on his face seemed to disappear gradually.

light up:if somebody?s face or eyes light up, they probably express happiness or excitement.

7.… she?d forgotten to leave a forwarding address. (Para.24)

Meaning: she had forgotten to write (jot) down a new address for Ben to find her.

8.…and I didn?t have the foggiest idea what I was crying about. (Para.29)

Meaning: I did not know exactly what I was crying about.

foggy: not clear

9.I was really glad you talked me into this. (Para. 29)

Meaning: I was really glad you let me believe this.

10.“Heck no,” … (Para.31)

Note:“Heck” is an exclamatory word used to express that you are slightly annoyed or surprised by something. Here Ben used this exclamatory word to show that he was extre mely annoyed by the narrator?s inquiry.

Cultural Notes

1.I was a stranger and you took me in (Para. 11).

This sentence originates from Matthew, the first book in the New Testament of the Bible. Jesus tells people that when the Son of Man sits on his throne in heavenly glory, he will separate people who are blessed by his Father on the right and those who are cursed by his Father on the left. The Son of Man explains to the righteous, who stand on the right, why they have been blessed by his Father that, “Fo r I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was a stranger and you invited me in, I needed clothes and you clothed me, I was sick and you looked after me, I was in prison and you came to visit me.” The righteous, who will go to eternal life, cannot remember when they did such good deeds to the Son of Man and ask him about it. The Latter replies that, “whatever you did for one of the least of these brothers of mine, you did for me.”

2.The Angel Gabriel (para.27)

Gabriel is an archangel who appears in both the Old Testament and in the New as

a messenger to humans from God. In Luke, the third Gospel of the New

Testament, Gabriel appeared to both Zechariah, the priest, and Virgin Mary and foretold them respectively that John the Baptist and Jesus would be born. The archangel?s mission may be well justified by his own words in the New Testament that, “I am Gabriel. I stand in the presence of God, and I have been sent to speak to you and to tell you this good news.”

Keys to Exercises

Post-Reading Exercises

I. Reading Comprehension

1-5 CCADB

II. Micro-writing Skills

1.V ocabulary Building

1) walk 2) dropped 3) extract 4) soured 5) gloomy

6) indignant 7) longing 8) bristled 9) sympathize 10) rejoiced

2.Sentence Cumulating

?One day, while out hunting with his master, he encountered a wild boar and boldly seized the beast by the ear, but his teeth gave way, and the boar

escaped.

?His master rushed to the scene and began giving the hound a good scolding and sound beating, but stopped when the feeble dog looked up

and said, “Spare your old servant, dear master!

3.Close Testing

1) when 2) then/once 3) had 4) same 5) them

6) whose 7) wrote 8) later 9) stood 10) either

4.Functional Training

1)unhappy mood:

wasn?t his usual sunn y self

seemed in no mood for talking

was gloomy

was distraught at his stupidity for allowing this bill to grow so large.

his anger seemed worse

He bristled as he talked about…

he replied indignantly

happy mood:

Ben?s jovia l conversation

lightened up

arrived with a tremendous smile and a glint in his eyes

grinning

2)Adverbial clauses:

When Ben delivered milk to my cousin?s home that morning, (he wasn?t

his usual sunny self.)

(He bristled) as he talked about the messy young ones who had drunk up

all his milk.

But when Ben left, (I found myself caught up in his problem and longed

to help.)

“When someone has taken from you, (give it to them, and then you can

never be robbed.”)

(We?d joke about it) when he?d come.

Before I kne w what was happening, I started to cry, and I didn?t have the

foggiest idea what I was crying about.

Coordinate clauses:

It was late November 1962, and (as a newcomer to Lawndale, Calif, I

was delighted that milkmen still brought bottles of milk to doorsteps.)

Prepositional phrases:

In the weeks that my husband, kids and I had been staying with my

cousin while house-hunting, (I had come to enjoy Ben?s jovial repartee.)

On a sunny January morning two weeks later, Ben almost ran up the

walk.

Noun phrases:

Today, (however, he was gloomy as he dropped off his wares from his

wire carrier.)

The next time I saw him, (his anger seemed worse.)

The next time Ben delivered milk, (I told him I had a way to make him

feel better about the $79.)

Every time I?d ask th e question, (it seemed he lightened up a bit more.)

Then, six days before Christmas, (it happened.)

Text B A Doll from Santa

Language Points

1.… they were no replacement for a mother?s love. (Para.1)

Meaning:…they could not fill the space left by Alice?s mother?s death.

2.In the aftermath of her loss, Alice vowed to care for others. (Para.3)

Meaning: As a consequence of her loss, Alice promised to care for others. 3.…but an unfilled void seemed to remain. (Para.3)

Meaning:… but the loss of maternal love seem ed to exist.

void: a large empty space

Example: Below her was nothing but a black void.

4.One of my customers approached me with a sample of her handiwork… (Para.4)

Meaning: One of my customers spoke to me with a specimen of her handiwork, hoping that I could take orders for Christmas.

3)approach:to speak to somebody about something, especially to ask them for

something or to offer to do something

5.…one with gray hair and spectacles… (Para.4)

Meaning:… one with gray hair and a pair of glasses…

6.So I plac ed my Christmas order: two dolls… (Para.5)

Meaning:So I made a request to buy (purchase) two dolls for Christmas…

7.Things really started to fall into place … (Para.6)

Meaning: Things really started to become smoother…

fall into place/ slot into place:if something complicated or difficult to understand falls or slots into place, it becomes organized or clear in your mind. 8.I began to get ready for what would turn out to be one of the most memorable

days of my mother?s life. (Para.6)

Meaning:… I began to mak e preparations for what would become one of the most unforgettable days of my mother?s life.

9.…along with one for my mother tucked into the bottom of Santa?s bag. (Para.7)

Meaning: … along with the doll for my mother hid den in the bottom of Santa?s bag.

tuck: to put something into a small space, especially to hide it or keep it safe or

comfortable

Example: The documents had been tucked under a pile of papers.

10.As he asked who Alice was, my mother, taken aback by her name being called,

indicated that she in fact was Alice. (Para.8)

Meaning: As he asked who Alice was, my mother, surprised by her name being called, answered that she was Alice herself.

be taken aback (by somebody/ something):to be shocked or surprised by somebody or something

Example: Rosemary was completely taken aback by his anger.

11.I was cleaning out my sleigh before my trip this year and came across this

package that was supposed to be delivered on December 25, 1925. (Para.9)

Meaning:I was cleaning the inside of my sleigh before my trip this year and accidentally found this package that was supposed to be sent on December 25, 1925.

come across somebody/ something : to meet or find somebody / something by chance

Example: Rosemary came cross some old books in a drawer.

12.… tears of joy coursed down her cheeks… (Para.10)

Meaning:… joyous tears rolled down (trickled down) her cheeks…

course: (of liquid) to move or flow quickly

Keys to Exercises

Post-Reading Exercises

I. Reading Comprehension

1-5 CABDC

II. Micro-writing Skills

1.Translation Practice

English to Chinese

1)虽然哥哥和八个姐姐都很关心爱护她，可他们的爱终究无法代替母

爱。(conversion)

2)她觉得为家庭无私奉献就能弥补悲伤的童年，可她心里总有一块无法

填补的空白。(conversion & inversion)

3)她说不出话，只能把等了57年才收到的布娃娃紧紧搂在怀里，喜悦

得泪流满面。(division)

Chinese to English

1)Things really started to fall into place. (diction)

2)Christmas Day arrived and at the planned time, so did Santa Claus.

(omission)

3)One of my customers approached me with a sample of her handiwork:

beautiful handmade dolls. (subordination)

Unit 3 Parents

Text A A Simple Act of Love

Language Points

1.… when I?d breathlessly fill him in on m y day. (Para.1)

Meaning: … when I’d tell him about my day in a hurry.

fill somebody in (on something): to tell somebody about something that has happened

2.For him, no subject was off-limits. (Para.1)

Meaning: For him, no topic was unsuitable and forbidden.

off-limits: adj. not allowed to be discussed

Example: The topic was ruled off-limits.

3.…Terry and I went steady for over a year… (Para.2)

Meaning: Terry and I maintained our romantic relationship for over a year…

go steady (with somebody): (old-fashioned, informal) to have a romantic or sexual relationship with somebody, in which you see the other person regularly 4.… I was ready to spread my wings. (Para 3)

Meaning: I was ready to try new things independently.

spread somebody’s wings: to become more independent and confident and try new activities, etc.

5.…was a haven for drug users. (Para 3)

Meaning: was a safe hiding place for drug users.

6.Street gangs hung around the school after dark. (Para.3)

Meaning: Street gangs stayed near the school after sunset.

hang around: to wait or stay near a place without doing very much or without any clear purpose

7.Many of my charges, emotionally disturbed 10- to 14-year-old boys, had been

arrested for shoplifting, car theft or arson. (Para.3)

Meaning: Many of my students, emotionally depressed 10- to 14-year-old boys, had been taken into police custody for different crimes including stealing goods in

a store, stealing a car or setting fire deliberately.

8.Besides, teaching jobs were tight in 1974… (Para.4)

Meaning: Besides, teaching jobs were scarce in 1974…

9.… I reassured him, as I loaded up the car to start my trip back to the desert and my

job. (Para.5)

Meaning: I tried to make him less worried, as I put basic necessities into my car and started my trip back to the desert and my job.

reassure somebody about something: to say or do something that makes somebody less frightened or worried

Example: The doctor reassured Rosemary that there was nothing seriously wrong.

10.… I found just enough room to squeeze under a gate in the rear of the school.

(Para.7)

Meaning: I found just enough empty space for me to get out with difficulty under

a gate in the rear of the school.

11.I retrieved my purse… (Para. 8)

Meaning:I got my purse back…

12.Eerie shadows fell across the schoolyard. (Para.8)

Meaning: Frightening shadows loomed up across the schoolyard.

13.“Hey!” one called out. (Para.10)

Meaning: “Hey!” one shouted.

call out: to shout; speak loudly

Example: The drowning child called out for help.

14.…they continued to taunt me. “Hey! She?s kinda cute!” (Para. 12)

Meaning:… they continued to jeer at me. “Hey! She?s kind of cute!”

kinda=kind of

15.My heart was pounding. (Para. 13)

Meaning: My heart was beating quickly and loudly.

16.I felt all over the inside of my handbag. (Para.14)

Meaning: I tried very hard to look for my key ring inside my handbag.

17.Suddenly my fingers wrapped around a loose key in my purse. (Para. 16)

Meaning: Suddenly a loose key in my purse wound around my fingers. 18.… just as the teenagers surrounded the car, kicking the sides and banging on the

roof. (Para. 17)

Meaning:… right before the teenagers surrounded the car, kicking the sides of the car and hitting its roof with force.

19.…just in case you ever need it. (Para. 21)

just in case: because of the possibility of something happening

Example:You probably won?t need to call— but please take my number, just in case.

20.Most of all, I marvel at the fact that… (Para. 22)

Meaning:Above all, I am impressed by the fact that…

marvel at something: to be very surprised or impressed by something

Example: They marveled at his skill.

Keys to Exercises

Post-Reading Exercises

I. Reading Comprehension

1-5 DCABC

II. Micro-writing Skills

1.V ocabulary Building

1) pursuit 2) engrossed 3) charge 4) enthusiasm 5) counseled/ counsels

6) neutral 7) stranded 8) rear 9) edged 10) marvelous

2.Structure Cumulating

1) roving 2) crying 3) listening 4) Thinking

5) expecting 6) fondling 7) muttering

3.Cloze Testing

1) looks 2) was 3) different 4) remembered

5) had 6) for 7) grandfather 8) play

4.Functional Training

1)(A) synonyms or near-synonyms for say:

counseled

gave him daily progress reports

was joking

warned

reassured

called out

shouted

(B) synonyms or near-synonyms for walk:

headed toward

Quickening my pace

jogged across the grass

2) b d

Text B Mystery of the White Gardenia

Language Points

1.Calls to the florist were always in vain… (Para.1)

Meaning:Telephone inquiries to the florist always ended in failure, without getting the information about the mysterious giver.

in vain: without success

Example: All our efforts were in vain.

2.… just delighted in the beauty and heady perfume of that one magical, perfect

white flower nestled in soft pink tissue paper. (Para.1)

Meaning:… just pleased w ith the beauty and the strong sweet smell of the

gardenia, which presented to be magical and perfect, being wrapped in soft pink packing paper.

heady:adj. having a strong effect on one?s senses

3.My mother contributed to these imaginings. (Para.3)

Meaning:My mother took part in the wild guesses about who the mysterious giver was.

4.Or maybe it was the old man across the street whose mail I retrieved during the

winter so he wouldn?t have to venture down his icy steps. (Para.3)

Meaning: Perhaps the mysterious giver was the old man across the street whose mail I helped pick up during the winter, so he wouldn?t have to risk descending his icy steps.

venture: to go to some place even though you know that it might be dangerous or unpleasant

Example: Tom?s never ventured abroad in his life.

5.I don?t remember ever slamming my door in anger at her and shouting, … (Para.5)

Meaning: In my memory, I have never shut my door in anger at her and shouting…

6.My feelings ranged from grief to abandonment, fear and overwhelming anger

that… (Para.6)

Meaning: I had mixed feelings of deep sadness, abandonment, fear and extremely powerful anger that…

7.But my mother, in the midst of her own grief, would not hear of my skipping any

of those things. (Para. 6)

Meaning: Although my mother was struggling to cope with her own grief at that time, she refused to allow me to miss any of those events.

not hear of something: to refuse to let somebody do something, especially because you want to help them

Example:Jack wouldn?t hear of my walki ng home alone.

8.… imbued with a sense that there was magic in the world and beauty even in the

face of adversity. (Para.9)

Meaning: … held a very firm belief that wonderful things still existed in the world and beauty could still be found even in difficult situations.

in the face of: despite having to deal with a difficult situation or problem

Meaning: Tom showed great courage in the face of danger.

Cultural Notes

1.Scarlet O’Hara

Scarlet O?Hara is the heroine in Margaret Mitchell?s novel Gone with the Wind. 2.Emerson

Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803 —1882) was a famous American essayist, lecturer and poet, who exerted strong influence on American thinking by spreading his thoughts through publishing essays and giving public lectures. He was a prominent figure who led the Transcendentalist Movement of the mid-19th century.

Emerson?s well-known essays include Nature, Self-Reliance, Compensation, The Over-Soul and The American Scholar.

Keys to Exercises

Post-Reading Exercises

I. Reading Comprehension

1-5 CDBAB

II. Micro-writing Skills

1.Translation Practice

English to Chinese

1)或者，有可能是住在街对面的老人。冬天我曾帮他收信件，这样他就不

用冒险走下门前结冰的台阶了。(division)

2)母亲充满爱心地用一种美好的方式把这件裙子展示给我，就像展示艺术品

一样。(inversion)

3)她希望孩子们了解到自己是被爱着的而且是可爱的，富有创造力和想象力

的。同时，她还希望我们坚信世界上存在魔法，逆境中仍有美丽。(division) Chinese to English

1)Af ter a while I stopped trying to discover the sender?s identity and just

delighted in the beauty and heady perfume of that one magical, perfect white flower nestled in soft pink tissue paper. (integration)

2)I didn?t care if I had a new dress or not. But my m other did. (negation to

affirmation）

3)My mother contributed to these imaginings.(supplement & diction)

Unit 4 Memories

Text A The Little Boat That Sailed Through Time Language Points

1.Swell, I thought, looking around for the boat. (Para.4)

Meaning: Terrific, I thought, searching all over for the boat in the basement.

swell: adj. very good

Example: I had a swell time.

look around: to turn your head so that you can see something

Example: The detective came out of the old house and looked around.

2.You can bring it out. (Para.4)

Meaning: You can transform that block of wood into your boat.

bring something out: to make something appear

Example: A crisis brings out the best in Mary.

3.I started to chop away to shape the bow. (Para.5)

Meaning: I began to cut the block of wood in order to form the front part of my boat.

chop away at something: to aim blows at something with a heavy sharp tool 4.… I began to hollow out the hull. (Para.5)

Meaning: … I began to shape the main part of the boat by removing unnecessary parts from that block of wood.

hollow something out: to make a hole in something by removing part of it

Example: Lily hollowed out the birthday cake and filled it with cream.

5.The words rang in my head as I worked. (Para.5)

Meaning: My mind was filled with the words as I worked.

6.The boat wasn?t much to look at, but I was proud of what I had built. (Para.6)

Meaning:Although the boat wasn?t good to look at, I took pride in wh at I had made by my own hands.

7.… resolved to return one day to recover my treasure. (Para.8)

Meaning: …determined to return to Storvassdal one day to get back my precious boat.

resolve (on something/ on doing something):to make a firm decision to do something

8.As I cradled the boat, I felt my grandfather?s presence. (Para.9)

Meaning: As I hold the boat gently in my arms, I felt my grandfather was being there.

9.… I hesitated to speak lest I disturb our tranquility. (Para.13)

Meaning: I was afraid of ruining our tranquility, so I was slow to speak.

lest: conj. in order to prevent something from happening

10.Then Claire looked up and broke my reverie as she said softly… (Para.13)

Meaning: Then Claire raised her eyes and pulled me out of my own thoughts as she spoke in a soft way…

11.In the last unit of the narrative part, students should be encouraged to make their

own comments on the development of the texts based upon what they have learnt in the previous three units. That is, Texts A and B can be taken as a pair of comparison and contrast for the teacher to organize his/her students to join in a discussion as to whether they both are good cases of narrative for recording one?s memory. For example, Text A can be a little bit too loose in tracing the author?s past by presenting several anecdotes less strictly connected with each other. The episode chosen as the climax is not described in detail, thus losing all the suspense and charm that it is expected to give. Moreover, the end is not ideally connected with the beginning or the title. By contrast, Text B is more tightly organized and more emotionally charged.

Keys to Exercises

Pre-reading Focuses

1.The little boat that sailed through time (conceptual metaphor: time is a lake)

spent the tenth summer of my childhood, the times I shared with my Grandfather Jorgen (conceptual metaphor: time is treasure)

They both echo the theme of the story that the past time is a valuable treasure and is worthy of memory.

2.The verbs all carry the characteristics of the meaning of the nouns they derive

from. To relish the joys and to break my reverie contain a conceptual metaphor: ABSTRACT OBJECTS ARE CONCRETE OBJECTS in the derived meaning of the verbs.

Post-Reading Exercises

I. Reading Comprehension

1~5 CADBC

II. Micro-writing Skills

1.V ocabulary Building

1)brought out 2) relish, relishes 3) picked up 4) referred 5) blocks

6) Lest 7) tireless 8) crisp 9) memorable 10) tranquil

2.Structure Cumulating

1)but his sister has

2)but she doesn?t speak it very well

3)but happy and hopeful

4)but in vain

5)but her father might

3.Cloze Testing

1) watching 2) on 3) All 4) all 5) out

6) located 7) in 8)Crying 9) had 10) one 11) manage

4.Functional Training

1.Associative field of boat

2.I spent the tenth summer of my childhood, the most memorable months of my

life, in western Norway at the mountain farm where my mother was born.

In the summer of 1964, I went to Norway with my parents and my wife and children. I shall never forget that moment.

My last trip to Storvassdal was in 1991.

On the day I took them to Storvassdal, I hoped they would somehow understand the importance of the little boat and its simple message of self-reliance.

新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程第四册课文及翻译

12456单元 Love and logic: The story of fallacy 爱情与逻辑：谬误的故事 I had my first date with Polly after I made the trade with my roommate Rob. That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldn't stand the idea of being the only football player who didn't, so he made a pact that he'd give me his girl in exchange for my jacket. He wasn't the brightest guy. Polly wasn't too shrewd, either. 在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次约会。那一年校园里每个人都有件皮夹克，而罗伯是校足球队员中唯一一个没有皮夹克的，他一想到这个就受不了，于是他和我达成了一项协议，用他的女友换取我的夹克。他可不那么聪明，而他的女友波莉也不太精明。 But she was pretty, well-off, didn't dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup. She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged, brilliant lawyer. If I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant, well-spoken counterpart by my side, I just might edge past the competition. 但她漂亮而且富有，也没有把头发染成奇怪的颜色或是化很浓的妆。她拥有合适的家庭背景，足以胜任一名坚忍而睿智的律师的女友。如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一半，我就很有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。 "Radiant" she was already. I could dispense her enough pearls of wisdom to make her "well-spoken". “光彩照人”，她已经是了。而我也能施予她足够多的“智慧之珠”，让她变得“谈吐优雅”。 After a banner day out, I drove until we were situated under a big old oak tree on a hill off the expressway. What I had in mind was a little eccentric. I thought the venue with a perfect view of the luminous city would lighten the mood. We stayed in the car, and I turned down the stereo and took my foot off the brake pedal. "What are we going to talk about?" she asked. 在一起外出度过了美好的一天之后，我驱车来到了高速公路旁一座小山上一棵古老的大橡树下。我的想法有些怪异。而这个地方能够俯瞰灯火灿烂的城区，我觉得它会使人的心情变轻松。我们呆在车子里，我调低了音响并把脚从刹车上挪开。“我们要谈些什么？”她问道。 "Logic." “逻辑学。” "Cool," she said over her gum. “好酷啊，”她一边嚼着口香糖一边说。 "The doctrine of logic,” I said, "is a staple of clear thinking. Failures in logic distort the truth, and some of them are well known. First let's look at the fallacy Dicto Simpliciter." “逻辑学的原理，”我说道，“即清晰思考的主要原则。逻辑上出现的问题会歪曲事实，其中有些还很普遍。我们先来看看一种叫做…绝对判断?的逻辑谬误。”

学术英语读写教程(上)Teachers' Book

Section One Reading and Writing Narrative Stories Unit 1 Love Stories Text A Appointment with Love Language Points 1.Six minutes to six, said the great round clock over the information booth in Grand Central Station. (Para. 1) Meaning: The great round clock over the information booth in Grand Central Station indicated that it was six minutes to six. said: to give particular information or instructions Example: The notice said “keep out”. 2.…his eyes narrowed to note the exact time. (Para.1) Meaning: He narrowed his eyes, in order to take a closer look at the exact time. note: to notice or pay careful attention to something Example: Please note that the office will be closed on Sunday. 3.…sustained him unfailingly (Para.1) Meaning: (The woman?s written words) always supported him. 4.He placed himself as close as he could to the information booth, just beyond the ring of people besieging the clerks. (Para.2) Meaning: He tried his best to get closer to the information booth, just at the edge of a circle of people surrounding the clerks. 5.His face grew sharp. (Para.5) Meaning: His face gradually showed a sign of nervousness and vigilance. 6.He had got hold of a New York City telephone book and found her address. (Para.7) Meaning: He had found a New York City telephone book and got her address on it. get hold of something: to find something that you want or need Example: It is almost impossible to get hold of tickets for the concert. 7.Next day he had been shipped out, but they had gone on writing. (Para.7) Meaning:Next day he had left the country by boat, but they had continued to write to each other. ship out: to leave a country by boat Example: He told Linda he was shipping out in two days. 8.I?d always be haunted by the feeling that you had been taking a chance o n just that, … (Para.9) Meaning: The thought that you had decided to write to me only because I was beautiful would continuously bother me.

新视野大学英语读写教程第三版第一册课文翻译

Unit1奔向更加光明的未来 1 下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里，我们承诺 将使你们学有所成。 2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们：“姿势自然点。” “等一等 , ”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。” 在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。 3 让我来告诉你们, 一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣，你 们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！但是要记住：未来是建立在过 去扎实的基础上的。 4 对你们而言，接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里，你们拥有丰富的资源：有来自全国各地的有趣的学生，有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师，有综合性图书馆，有完备的运动设施，还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油，学着结交充满魅力的人，学着 去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历，并用你们的干劲和热情去收获 这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。 5 有这么多课程可供选择，你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程，但是要尽可能 体验更多的课程！大学里有很多事情可做可学，每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世 界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话，那就是：挑战自己！不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样，你不仅会变得更加博学，而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇，她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移，王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来，并将其转化为对设计的热情，从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。 6 在大学里，一下子拥有这么多新鲜体验可能不会总是令人愉快的。在你的宿舍楼里，住在你 隔壁寝室的同学可能会反复播放同一首歌，令你头痛欲裂！你可能喜欢早起，而你的室友 却是个夜猫子！尽管如此，你和你的室友仍然可能成为最要好的朋友。如果有些新的经历让你感觉不那么舒心，不要担心。我保证快乐的经历会多于不快的经历。而且我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训，从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩。所以，带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情，勇敢向前去拥抱这些新的体验吧！ 7 我们相信，你们的自我发现之旅和对爱好的寻求带给你们的将不仅仅是个人的进步。我们相信，当你们成为我们的学者群体中的一员时，你们很快就会认识到，大学不仅提供大量自我充实的机会，同时也带来了责任。一位智者说过：“教育代代相传，它就是社会的灵魂。”你们是你们家庭辛勤劳动成果的传承者，也是无数前辈辛勤劳动成果的传承者。他们积累了知识，并把知识传递给你们，而这些知识正是你们取得成功所必需的。现在轮到你们了。你们会获取什么样的知识？你们会发现什么样的兴趣爱好？你们怎样做才能为你们的子孙后代创造一个强大昌盛的未来？ 8 我们很高兴能为你们人生旅途中这一重大阶段开启大门。我们很高兴你们将获得许多机会，也很高兴你们将作为社区、国家乃至世界的公民承担起应有的责任。欢迎你们！

新视野大学英语读写教程第三版翻译

新视野Book3 汉译英翻译 Unit 1 Translate the following paragraph into English 如今，很多年轻人不再选择“稳定”的工作，他们更愿意自主创业，依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。青年创业(young entrepreneurship)是未来国家经济活力的来源，创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活，从长远来看，对于国家更是一件好事，创业者正式让中国经济升级换代的力量。尤其是在当前，国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新，在政策上给予中小企业支持，这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。 Nowadays, many young people no longer choose“stable” jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people’s life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China’s economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people’s enthusiasm to start their own businesses. Unit 2 Translate the following paragraph into English 实现中华民族伟大复兴（rejuvenation)是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，我称之为“中国梦”，其基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。中国梦，是让每一个积极进取的中国人形成世世代代的信念：只要经过不懈的奋斗便能获得更好的生活。人们必须通过自己的勤奋、勇气、创意和决心迈向繁荣，而不是依赖于社会和他人的援助。每个中国人都是中国梦的参与者和创造者。中国梦是民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。 Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modern times. It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese. Unit 3 Translate the following paragraph into English 水墨画（ink and wash painting）是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是中国国画的代表。它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历史，其间经历了不断的发展、提高和完善。水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的毛笔、宣纸和墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。例如，水和墨相互调和，使作品具有干湿浓淡的层次。水墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意向，从而达到独特的审美效果。水墨画在中国绘画史上具有很高的地位，甚至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标准。 Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development, improvement and perfection. The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, i.e. brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings. For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness. The integration and infiltration of water, ink, and rice paper enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects.

大学学术英语读写教程上册Unit-2词汇汇总

第二单元学习前准备的词汇 1.gender ['d?end?]n.性，性别 2.sexuality [,s?k?u'?l?ti] n.性别；性征 3.gender roles性别角色 4.tend to do sth.倾向于做…… 5.cuddle['k?dl] vi. 拥抱；偎依；舒服地贴著身睡, vt.拥抱；亲热地搂住；抚爱地拥 抱, n. 搂抱，拥抱 6.bounce [ba?ns] n. 跳；弹力；活力, vt.弹跳；使弹起vi. 弹跳；弹起，反跳；弹回 7.concerned [k?n's?nd] adj.关心的 be concerned about 8.appearance [?'p??r(?)ns] n. 外貌，外观；出现，露面 9.socialize ['so??la?z] vt.使社会化；使社会主义化；使适应社会生活vi. 交际；参与 社交 n. socialization 10.imitate ['?m?tet] v. 模仿，仿造，仿效【形近词intimate [??nt?m?t] adj.亲密的】 11.makeup [me?k?p] n. 化妆品；组成；补充；补考【记：短语动词make up组成；化妆； 编造】 12.horrify ['h?r?'fai] vt.使恐惧，使极度厌恶【记：horror ['h?r?] n. 惊骇；极端 厌恶；令人恐怖的事物】 13.feminine ['f?m?n?n] adj. 女性的；妇女（似）的；阴性的；娇柔的【记：female ['fi?me?l] n. 女人】 14.macho ['mɑt?o] ['m?t???] adj. 大男子气概的n. 强壮男子；大丈夫 15.forbid [f?'b?d] vt. 禁止；不允许 16.protectiveness n. protect+ive+ness （动词变形容词，再变名词）n. 保护；防护 17.explore [?k'spl?r] vt./vi.探索；探测；探险【记：internet explorer（IE）】 18.gender-neutral adj.性别中立的，不分性别的【记：neutral ['nju?tr(?)l] n.中立者； adj. 中立的，中性的】 19.professional [pr?'f???nl] adj. 专业的；职业的n. 专业人员；职业运动员【记： profession [pr?'fe?(?)n] n.职业，专业；声明，宣布】 20.in particular尤其，特别 21.bring up 抚养 22.nonsexist adj. 非性(别)歧视的【反义词：sexist ['seks?st] n. 性别歧视者adj.性 别歧视者的】 23.domestic[d?'m?st?k] adj. 国内的；家庭的；驯养的n. 国货；佣人 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0713185520.html,ment ['kɑm?nt] n. 评论；意见；批评vi. 发表评论vt.为…作评语[~on sth.] 25.wicked ['w?k?d]adj. 邪恶的；恶劣的【记：witch巫婆】 26.heroine ['h?ro?n]n. 女主角；女英雄【记：后缀-ine：“女性”，又如：concubine ['k??kj?ba?n] n.情妇】 27.present ['pr?znt] n.礼物【pri'zent] vt.提出；介绍；呈现；赠送 28.character ['k?r?kt?]n. 性格，品质；特性；角色 29.feature ['fit??]n. 特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目vt.以…为特色；由…主演 30.adventure [?d'v?nt??] n.冒险；冒险精神；投机活动vt.冒险；大胆说出vi. 冒险 31.at every turn 在每一个转折点 32.outnumber ['a?t'n?mb?] vt.数目超过；比…多【记：前缀out-“超过，过度”，如： outdo v 胜过,战胜 outsize adj.过大的outwit v.以机智取outbid v.出价多于】33.by a ratio of按……比例

最新大学学术英语读写教程-下册-课文翻译

Reading 1 WHAT IS STRESS? The term stress has been defined in several different ways. sometimes the term is applied to stimuli or events in our environment that make physical and emotional demands on us, and sometimes it is applied to our emotional and physical reactions to such stimuli. in this discussion, we will refer to the environmental stimuli or events as stressors and to the emotional and physical reactions as stress. 压力这个词已经有几种不同的定义。有时候这个术语适用于我们环境中的刺激或事件，这些刺激或事件会对我们产生身体和情感方面的要求，有时也适用于我们对这种刺激的情绪和身体反应。在这个讨论中，我们将环境刺激或事件称为压力，并将情绪和身体上的反应称为压力。 Many sorts of events be stressors, including disasters, such as hurricanes or tornadoes; major life events, such as divorce or the loss of a job; and daily hassles, such as having to wait in line at the supermarket when you need to be somewhere else in 10 minutes. What all this events have in common is that they interfere with or threat our accustomed way of life. when we encounter such stressors, we must pull together our mental and physical resources in order to deal with the challenge. How well we succeed in doing so will determine how serious a toll the stress will take on our mental and physical well-being. 许多事件都是压力源，包括灾难，如飓风或龙卷风; 重大生活事件，如离婚或失业; 每天都有麻烦，比如当你要在10分钟内到别的地方去却不得不在超市排队等。所有这些事件都有共同之处，就是它们干涉或威胁我们习惯的生活方式。当我们遇到这样的压力时，我们必须整合我们的精神和物质资源来应对挑战。我们如何成功地做到这一点将决定压力对我们身心健康将产生多大的影响。 Reacting to stressors The Canadian physiologist Hans Seyle has been the most influential writer on stress. Seyle proposed that both humans and other animals react to any stressor in three stages, collectively known as the general adaptation syndrome. the first stage, when the person or animal becomes aware of the stressor is the alarm reaction. In this stage the organism becomes highly alert and aroused, energized by a burst of epinephrine. After the alarm reaction comes the stage of resistance , as the organism tries to adapt to the stressful stimulus or to escape from it. If these efforts are successful, the state of the organism returns to normal. If the organism cannot adapt to the continuing stress, however, it enters a stage of exhaustion or collapse. 加拿大生理学家Hans Seyle在压力方面一直是最有影响力的作家。塞尔提出，人类和其他动物在三个阶段对任何压力源作出反应，统称为一般适应综合症。第一阶段，当人或动物意识到应激源时，就是警报反应。在这个阶段，机体变得高度警觉和激起，并被一阵肾上腺素所激发。当警报反应进入抵抗阶段后，机体试图适应压力刺激或逃避压力。如果这些努力成功，机体的状态就会恢复正常。然而，如果生物体不能适应持续的压力，它就进入衰竭或崩溃的阶段。

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