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高一英语预习Module 3

Module 3 课文及词汇学习

★★★文章结构

Read the passage again and try to find out the main idea of each paragraph.

Para 1 A. The scenery along the railway

Para 2 B. I had my first ride on a long distance train

Para 3 C. Things about the camels

Para 4 D. The fate of the camels nowadays

Para 5 E. Why is the train called Ghan?

Para 6 F. How I spent the time in the train

★★★知识重点

Task : Language focuses: Read the text carefully and learn the following sentences.

1. What a ride! ① _________ a clever girl she is!

② _________ interesting an story it is!

③ _________ beautiful flowers they are!

④ _________ nice the pictures are!

⑤ _________ terrible weather it is!

2. We got on in Sydney and we

got off in Alice Springs, right in the middle of Austratlia, right in

the middle of Australia, more than four thousand kilometers away.

翻译：right in the middle of Australia __________________

恰好在这儿/ 恰好在教室前面____________________________________________

3. We ate great meals cooked by experts . ① The club, _______ 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.

A. found

B. founding

C. founded

D. to be founded

② Tsinghua University, ______ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.

A. found

B. founding

C. founded

D. to be founded.

③ The noise _______ by the machine could be heard at night.

A. making

B. made

C. make

D. to be made

④ The man _______ on the desk is my new English teacher.

A. stand

B. stood D. standing D. to be stand

4. We saw abandoned farms which were built more than a hundred years ago .

5. Ghan is short for Afghanistan.

①ACT used to _____ American College Testing.

A. be short of

B. be short for

C. be proud of

D. be ready for

②According to the observations of some scientists, we will _____ energy in the near future.

A. be short of

B. be short for

C. be for short

D. be in short

6. For many years, trained camels

carried food and other supplies, and returned with wool and

other products.

7. , they passed a law which allowed people to shoot the animals if they were a problem.

allow/permit 的用法：___________________________________________________________

★★★随堂练习 1. 这些花儿多么漂亮啊！_______________________________________________________

2. 小男孩试着开门但是没能打开。________________________________________________

3. 在会议上被提及的专家是李博士。 ______________________________________________

4. 虽然他的父母缺钱，但是他们还是设法把他送进了大学。

_______________________________________________________

5. 职工不允许在办公室吸烟。_____________________________________________________

6. 请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。____________________________________________________

语法三：过去分词v—ed 作定语

一、过去分词作定语讲与练

过去分词(the Past Participle )是非谓语动词的一种重要形式，其用法很广泛。过去分词除了和助动词be / have / had 等构成语态和时态之外，还具有形容词和副词的词性。故在句中作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语等。本文将着重谈谈过去分词作定语的用法，以期帮助同学们更好地掌握和应用该语法项目。

1．一般来说，单个过去分词作前置定语，过去分词短语作后置定语。如：

polluted water污染的水，broken cup打破的杯子；

illness caused by the accident事故引起的疾病，the book written by Lu Xun鲁迅写的书

2．及物动词的过去分词含有“被动”和“完成”的含义。如：

An injured tiger lay on the ground.一只受伤的老虎躺在地上。（对于tiger来说，injure的动作是被动的，而且已完成）

但有时却只表“完成”或“被动”之意。如：

spoken English 英语口语（只表被动）

3．只有少数的不及物动词的过去分词能作前置定语，且只表“完成”之意义。如：

fallen leaves_____________，the risen sun升起的太阳

思考：

falling leaves_____________ boiled water _________________ boiling water _____________ 4．许多不能单独作前置定语的过去分词加上否定前缀或有副词修饰构成复合形容词时，可以作前置定语。如：

an unexpected happening意想不到的事件，uninvited guests未被邀请的客人

5．过去分词作定语的几种特殊用法：

1）过去分词作后置定语,作用相当于一个限制性定语从句。What's the language spoken (= that is spoken) in that area?

那个地区讲的是什么语言?

Is there anything planned ( = that has been planned) for tonight?

今晚安排了什么活动没有?

The book, written ( = which was written) in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners.

这本书是1957年写的,讲的是关于矿工斗争的故事。

2）过去分词作表语和定语的创新形式，get done也可构成被动语态，相当于be done。例如：

His right hand got burnt in that big fire.他的右手在那场大火中被烧伤。

She got murdered last year.去年她被谋杀了。

【跟踪练习】

1. Don't use words, expressions, or phrases ________ only to people with specific knowledge.

A. being known

B. having been known

C. to be known

D. known

2. The first textbooks ________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

A. having written

B. to be written

C. being written

D. written

3. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ________ as the plane was making a landing.

A. seat

B. seating

C. seated

D. to be seating

4. －I'm very ________ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.

－Mm. It does have a ________ smell.

A. pleasant; pleased

B. pleased; pleased

C. pleasant; pleasant

D. pleased; pleasant

5.－How are the team playing?

－They're playing well, but one of them ________ hurt.

A. got

B. gets

C. are

D. were

6. As we joined the big crowd I got ________ from my friends.

A. separated

B. spared

C. lost

D. missed

7. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may ________ run over by a car.

A. have

B. get

C. become

D. turn

8. The Olympic Games,________ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.

A. first playing

B. to be first played

C. first played

D. to be first playing

9. Most of the artists ________ to the party were from South Africa.

A. invited

B. to invite

C. being invited

D. had been invited

10. Prices of daily goods ________ through a computer can be lower than store prices.

A. are bought

B. bought

C. been bought

D. buying

二、现在完成时PK 一般过去时

我们首先来看下面这两个句子：

Mr. Green has bought a new computer. 格林先生买了一台新电脑。

Mr. Green bought a new computer yesterday. 格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑。

从上面的两个句子可以看出。现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都是发生在过去，所以在实际运用中就有很多同学混淆二者的用法。现在我们就一起来看看现在完成时和一般过去时的区别。

1．定义的不同：

现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去，但它们所强调的重点不同过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。例如开头的两个句子：第一句着重点是格林先生现在有了一台新电脑）；第二句（强调的是格林先生买新电脑的时间是昨天）。再例如：

I have seen the film. 我看过这部电影。（现在我仍记得电影的内容）

I saw the film three days ago. 三天前我看了这部电影。（强调是三天前，而不是别的什么时

候看的电影）

2．时间状语的不同：

过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。

一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语。

现在完成时的时间状语有：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in the past 2 years, always等。

I went to see a film with my friend last night .昨天晚上我和我的朋友去看了一场电影。

She's studied English for about two years. 她学英语大约有两年了。

I have just washed my face. 我刚刚洗了脸。

3．强调动作与状态的不同：

现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 而过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如：

We lived here for nearly 30 years .我们住在这儿将近30年了。

The young couple got married last spring . 这对年轻夫妇去年春节结的婚。

【巩固精练】

1. —I have seen the film “Titanic” already.

—When _________ you _________ it?

—The day before yesterday.

A. have; seen

B. will; see

C. did; see

D. did; seen

2. Mr. Black _________ in China since five years ago.

A. lived

B. has lived

C. lives

D. is going to live

3. We _________ trees last Sunday. So far we _________ over 3,000 trees there.

A. planted; planted

B. planted; have planted

C. have planted; planted

D. have planted; have planted

4.My cousin went to Canada two yours ago．He——there for a few months and then went to America．

A．worked B．would work C．would be working D. has been working

5. Because the shop ______, all the T-shirts are sold at half price.

A. has closed down

B. closed down

C. is closing down

D. had closed down

6. -How are you ?

-Oh, I ________ as sick as I do now for a month.

A. didn't feel

B. wasn't feeling

C. don't feel

D. haven't felt

7. Where and When to go to the park ________ yet.

A. are not decided

B. have not been decided

C. is not being decided

D. has not been decided

8. I will read one more book before my reading ____.

A. has completed

B. completes

C. has been completed

D. is completed

9. Xiao Ming is said _____ in universities ,but I don’t know what university he studied in .

A .to have studied

B .to study

C .to be studying

D .to have been studying

10. ---- Why does Mary look so sad?

---- Because she ____ by her classmates.

A. has been laughed

B. has laughed at

C. was laughed at

D. has been laughed at

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Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey . The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days . It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . In fact , the room was not made to be a gift . It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. However, the next King of Prussia , Frederick William Ⅰ,to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return , the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room because part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg.About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors . Later,Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it .In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted . Almost six hundred candles lit the room ,and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly , although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world , it is now missing . In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg . This was a time when the two countries were at war . Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace , the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room . However , some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself . In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven woooden boxs . There is no doubt that the boxs were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea . After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery . Recently , the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace . By studying old photos of the former Amber Room , they have made the new one look like the old one .In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city . A FACT OR AN OPINION? What is a fact? Is it something that people believe? No. A fact is anything that can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. This is a fact. Then what is an opinion? An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are better pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to prove. Some people may not agree with this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewit nesses to believe and which not to believe. The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works. He/she only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. This kind of information is called evidence. Unit 2 AN INTERVIEW Pausanias, who was a Greek writer about 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey on March 18th 2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games. He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.

人教版高中英语必修一全册教案

Unit 1 Friendship Ｉ．单元教学目标 II．目标语言

III. 教材分析和教材重组 1. 教材分析本单元以Friend和Friendship为话题，旨在通过单元教学使学生通过讨论什么是好朋友，什么是真正的友谊，如何交友和保持友谊等问题，使学生树立正确的交友观。并针对日常交友过程中经常遇到的实际问题，指导学生发表自己的见解和看法，通过进一步讨论提供有效的解决方案。并能就此以编辑的身份写出指导信，对相关谚语写出观点明确、论证有力的短文。 1.1 Warming Up以调查问卷的形式，通过对学生在日常交友过程中所遇到的五个问题，展开调查，使学生对是否擅长交友做出评价，激发学生对本单元的中心话题产生兴趣；同时也使教师本单元的授课更具有针对性，从而有效地帮助学生树立正确的交友观。 1.2 Pre-Reading通过四个问题引导学生讨论交友的重要性以及自己心目中好朋友的概念和标准，并使学生认识到不仅人与人，人与物（如日记）也可以成为好朋友。继续探究并树立正确交友观，并为阅读作好了准备。 1.3 Reading讲述第二次世界大战的纳粹统治时期，犹太人Anne一家过着滇沛流漓，与世隔绝的生活。Anne在孤独中只能以日记Kitty 为友，倾诉衷肠，伴其渡过两年的逃亡生涯。控诉了纳粹党的残暴统治给犹太人民带来了深重的灾难，并以日记的形式表达了以主人公Anne为代表的全世界人民憎恨战争渴望和平的共同心愿。学生学习了新的词汇、句型，提高了阅读水平。文中选用了主人公的一篇日记，使学生进一步感受到了挚友的可贵，对主人公内心世界的描写有了更深刻的理解。 1.4 Comprehension 设计了三种题型。其中前两个是考查学生对READING文章细节内容的理解，最后一题是开放性问题，学生可以在更深入理解主人公内心世界的基础上各抒己见，使学生养成勤于思考勇于探究的良好的学习习惯，现时也培养了学生的想象力，进一步提高了阅读水平。 1.5 Learning About Language分词汇和语法两部分。其中，Word study是根据英文释意或在语境中掌握和运用词汇。Grammar是关于直接引语和间接引语的用法训练，包括单句的练习和情景语法练习。

【强烈推荐】高一英语上重要语法讲解

定语从句 1. 定语从句的结构及理解 2. 定语从句的关系词的使用 3. 定语从句的简化表达知识总结归纳（一）定语从句的结构：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词，它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接，这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词（关系代词或关系副词：that, which, who, whose, when, where, why）。先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，时间，地点，原因状语。结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。 1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her. 2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money. 3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme. 4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia. 5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie. 6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story. （二）定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，缺少它，则句义显得不完整，从句与先行词紧密相连。非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词之间有逗号隔开。 1. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar. 2. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep. 3. Flora, whose beautiful hair and dress were all cold and wet, started crying. 4. Their talk includes rhythm and rhyming words as well as tongue twisters, which often make the audience applaud. （三）关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词，这些关系词在介词后面常用which 或whom. 1. There was a man with whom I would have to work together and finally the manager of the company. 2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark. 知识重点与难点（一）当先行词有最高级，序数词修饰，是不定代词，或是all, no, only等形式时，关系代词一般用that，而不能用which。 1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had ever been built at that time. 2. There is one thing that keeps worrying me.

高中英语语法(时态语态)练习精选

高中英语语法（时态语态篇）练习题精选 ( ) 1. –Where is the morning paper?–I ________ for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 2. ________ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 3. If they come, we ________ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 4. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating. A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine ( ) 5. Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ______ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go ( ) 6. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 7. They ________ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have ( ) 8. Sorry, I can’t open the door, for I the key to it. A. lost B. lose C. had lost D. have lost ( ) 9. —It’s good to see you again, Agnes. —This has been our first chance to visit since from Iran. A. you return B. you returned C. you have returned D. returning ( ) 10. — Did you expect Frank to come to the party? — No, but I had hoped . A. him coming B. him to come C. that he comes D. that he would come ( ) 11. — Bob must be very wealthy. — Yes, he more in one day than I do in a week.

人教版高中英语课文原文和翻译必修

必修4 Unit 1 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: "Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It's terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, 'Aren't they lucky?" And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have seen that you can never forget ..." She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor's degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women. WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORK? I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university? I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China. By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women's diseases. She lived from 1901 to 1983. It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career, travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles. One of them

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