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大学英语(北交大版)课后练习答案

大学英语(北交大版)课后练习答案
大学英语(北交大版)课后练习答案

大学英语(北交大版)第一册课后练习答案

Unit 1 Higher Education

Part Two Read and Practice

III.

1. Recently

2. distance

3. certain 4 degree 5. convenient 6. informative 7. indeed 8. traditional

IV.

1. communicate

2. recently

3. click

4. information

5. convenient

6. physical

7. informative

8. traditional

9. flexible 10. latest

V.

1. Surfing

2. distance

3. offers

4. information

5. less

VI.

1. live

2. provide with

3. convenient

4. communicated

5. log in

6. To some extent

7. latest

8. indeed

9. stick to

10. recently

VII.

1. surf on the internet

2. to some extent

3. communicate with friends

4. no matter how far

5. physical limitation to

6. stick to their present jobs

7. log in

8. search for the right information

9. type in some key words

10. flexible and versatile ways of learning

VIII.(略)

IX.

1. There is no physical limitation to time and space.

2. Surfing on the internet is no longer something strange.

3. This new form of education is indeed more successful than the traditional education.

4. My father doesn’t usually have coffee in the morning.

5. A foreign professor is giving us a lecture this afternoon.

6. Mendel was curious about what happened to the white.

7. They carry information from parents to offspring.

8. The work of Gregor Mendel was especially important to help us to answer these questions.

9. The government has imposed limitation on imports.

10. The development of the information technology is the greatest technological advance of the 20th century.

X.

impatient indirect impolite invaluable

impossible inconvenient immature inactive

imperfect inexperienced

1. impatient

2. inconvenient

3. impossible

4. indirect

5. inactive

6. invaluable

7. immature

8. imperfect

9. inexperienced 10. impolite

XI.

1. Phonograph is no longer used nowadays.

This island is no longer a dependency of the USA.

2. Don’t open the door, no matter who comes.

Don’t trust him, no matter what he says.

3. Things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet.

The company has recently built a new office building in central Beijing.

4. He learned to speak English within six months.

Success is within our grasp now.

5. I shall be very glad indeed.

These problems are indeed difficult ones, but I am sure they can be solved.

XII.

1. To communicate with him is no easy job, as he is not a communicative person.

2. I agree with him to some extent, but not entirely.

3. No matter what you say, I shall stick to my plan.

4. Recently online education has become very popular, for it is very informative and interesting.

5. It can provide different workers with more flexible and versatile ways of working.

XIII.

1. 我们足不出户,点击(鼠标)即可受教育、互通音信和获取信息。

2. 一些班级,可要求学生在同一时间登录,使他们能够参加教授的现场讲座。

3. 它可以为不同的学习者提供更加灵活多样的学习方式,部分学生可以一边坚持工作,一边在线学习最新的知识。

4. 班级是高度互动的,学生可以和他们的老师及其他人互相沟通。

5. 它有助于学生用计算机通过因特网上课学习一些课程,并获得学位。

1. C

2. D

3.C

4. B

5. A

Part Three Write and Produce

I.

1. We are all college students.

2. It’s getting dark.

3. The teacher left.

4. Tom works hard.

5. We learn English.

6. Mary hates to go to school.

7. They are talking about the film.

8. Father gave me ten dollars.

9. She wrote a letter to John.

10. The news made him unhappy.

11. She found the book under the desk.

12. I think him to be right.

II.

1. B

2. B

3. C

4. C

5. A

6. A

7. B

8. C

9. C

10. C

11. A

12. A

13. B

14. B

15. C

Part Four Pick up Your Grammar

I.

1. B

解析:在时间、条件状语从句中,往往用一般现在时来表示将来的动作,可以排除A、C 和D。根据题意,选择“除非你来帮我,否则我恐怕完不成工作”更合情理,所以答案为B。

解析:本句的意思是说“地面干了时候我们就可以走了。”,这个句子有强调干了后的意思,要用完成时,所以只有B正确。

3. C

解析:主语your hand是单数形式,谓语动词也应选择单数形式,可以排除A。表示主语具有的特征、状态时应用一般现在时,可以排除B。表示某物给人以某种感觉时应用主动语态,所以选C。意为“过来坐在火边。你的手很凉”。

4. B

解析:主语various programs是复数,应选择复数的谓语动词;而主语world news是单数,要对应单数的谓语动词。这样可以排除A和D。节目应该是被播出,所以我们应该选择被动语态,故答案为B。意为“电视上播出各种节目,世界新闻最受欢迎”。

5. C

解析:根据时间状语now,可以判断是正在发生的事情。所以此句应选择现在进行时,答案为C。意为“我找不到我的字典,我想是否玛丽正在使用它。”

6. A

解析:时间状语only a few minutes表示“我在这儿等了一段时间了”,这个动作从过去发生一直延续到现在,应用现在完成时。所以答案为A,意为“---对不起让你久等了。---噢,没关系,我刚来几分钟”。

7. A

解析:谓语动词taste表示主语it具有的特征、状态,应用一般现在时,可以排除B和D。表示某物尝起来怎么样应用主动语态,所以选A。意为“我必须吃这药吗?尝着太苦了”。

8. D

解析:动词表示普遍事实和客观真理时,应用一般现在时。“地球是圆的”是一个客观事实,所以应选D,不管主句是什么时态。意为“当我小的时候,我的老师告诉我地球是圆的”。

9. B

解析:时间状语for a few days表示“雪已经下了好几天了”,根据上下文可知最近一直在下雪。这个动作从过去开始,一直延续到现在,强调动作的继续性质,应用现在完成进行时。答案为B。意为“最近几天一直在下雪,不是吗?是啊,已经下了好几天了”。

10. A

解析:在时间、条件状语从句中,我们常用一般现在时表示将来的动作,所以在本句中when 引导的从句应用一般现在时,选A。意为“爸爸,我可以加入你们的俱乐部吗?当你长大一些就可以啊”。

11. B

解析:时间状语so far this year表示现在刚完成的动作,强调过去所发生的动作对现在的影响,应用现在完成时。所以选B,意为“今年到目前为止,我们已经打赢了每场比赛,但是我们还有三场比赛要打”。

12. A

解析:表示按计划、安排和打算,不久将要发生的动作,可以用现在进行时代替一般将来时。所以答案应为A。意为“今天是星期五,我和父母打算周六飞到纽约”。

13. A

解析:在时间、条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来的动作。所以本题应选A,意为“如果明天不下雨,我们就去游泳”。

14. B

解析:在时间和条件状语从句中,可用现在完成时代替将来完成时,所以本题应选B,意为

“当他卖完了所有的货物,他当然会回家”。

15. B

解析:根据上下文,可知“父亲此时正在睡觉,所以不要大声说话”,应选择现在进行时,所以答案为B。

II.

1. will start; return

解析:

在as soon as引导的状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来的动作,而主句用将来时态。所以本句主句谓语动词为will start,从句动词为return。意为“工人们一回去工作,老板们就开始谈判”。

2. don’t leave; will be; get

解析:在if引导的条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来的动作,而主句用将来时态。同理,by the time引导的时间状语从句也要用一般现在时。本句意为“如果我们不早点出发的话,晚会在我们到达时就会结束”。

3. don’t need; have met

解析:

根据时间状语before,我们可知“遇见她”这件事情发生在过去,对现在造成的影响就是“你不需要描述她了”。所以此句应用现在完成时。意为“你不需要描述她了,我以前遇见过她”。

4. doesn’t have; will study; have gone

解析:

根据上下文,我们可知句意为“她只有在孩子睡了之后才有时间学习”。第一句话用一般现在时表示主语通常具有的特征,或经常做的事。第二句话中when引导的状语从句用现在完成时代替将来完成时,表示“孩子睡了之后,她才开始学习”,两个动作时间上有先后顺序。

5. have been longing; have heard

解析:

根据状语for ages,我们可知“盼望”这个动作是从过去开始,一直延续到现在,强调的是动作的持续性,所以用现在完成进行时。而第二句话强调的是过去所发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,即“我听说了很多关于你的消息”。

6. is; has gone; are (you still) watching

解析:

根据句意“现在是11点半了,其他人都睡了,而汤姆还在看电视”可知,第一空应该用一般现在时,表示状态;而第二空应该用完成时,表示动作已经完成;第三空用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作,与第二空表示的动作形成对比。

7. are; will be; am changing; will be

解析:根据上下文可知这是两个人正在对话,所以第一、第三空应该分别用一般现在时和现在进行时。第二空所讲的“迟到”这件事发生在未来,所以应该用将来时态。第四空根据时间状语“in a minute”可知事情也是发生在将来,所以选择将来时态。题意为“---安,你在哪?---我们要迟到了。我正在换衣服,马上就好”。

8. are you doing; I’m making; will show; having been working; is

解析:根据上下文可知这是两个人正在对话,所以第一、第二空应该用现在进行时。根据时间状语tomorrow可知第三空应用将来时态。根据时间状语the whole morning可知第四空应用现在完成进行时,表示这个动作从过去开始,一直持续到现在,而且还有可能继续下去。第四空表示主语的状态,应用一般现在时。题意为“---杰克,你在干嘛?---我在做模型飞机,

明天科学课要展示。---你已经干了一早上了。现在12点了,午饭好了。快来吃饭。”。

9. Have (you) been; went

解析:根据时间状语recently可知第一空应选择现在完成时,强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响;根据时间状语last night可知第二空应用一般过去时,强调过去发生的一个动作。题意为“---你最近去戏院了吗?---是的,昨晚刚去北京大戏院了”。

10. Have (you) seen; called; got; has been

解析:根据时间状语lately可知第一空应选择现在完成时,强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响;根据时间状语several times可知“我打电话”这件事发生在过去,所以第二、第三空应用一般过去时。时间状语“for the last two months”表示的是一段时间,可知这个动作已经持续了一段时间,应用现在完成时。题意为“---你最近看见彼得了吗?我给他打了好几个电话,但没人接。---噢,他最近两个月去巴黎了”。

III.

1. I haven’t seen a film for more than a year.

2. Pitt has been in hospital since his accident.

3. Many people in the world use Chinese.

4. —Are you waiting for someone.

—No, I’m waiting for the bus.

5. You know this, don’t you?

6. What a pity, but we can do nothing.

7. I wonder if you could lend me your car.

8. My father doesn’t usually have coffee in the morning.

9. The earth revolves round the sun.

10. India lies to the south of China.

课文翻译:

网络教育

浏览互联网(对我们而言)已不再陌生。在一定程度上,它正成为我们日常生活的一部分。我们可以在网上做很多事情,例如寻找信息及和朋友沟通,不管相距多远。但近来另一项有用的在线服务很受欢迎。这就是网络教育,也被称为远程教育。它有助于学生用计算机通过因特网上课学习一些课程,并获得学位。

为何网络教育在这么短的时间内如此受欢迎呢?原因有以下几点。第一,网络教育可以节省学习者的时间和金钱。我们足不出户,点击(鼠标)即可受教育、互通音信和获取信息。第二,网络教育非常方便,没有时间和空间的实际限制,并且有这么多科目和框架提供给我们选择。班级是高度互动的,学生可以和他们的老师及其他人互相沟通。一些班级,可要求学生在同一时间登录,使他们能够参加教授的现场讲座。第三,互联网信息量大。在最近20年来它存储的信息多于我们人类在过去2 000年来记录的(信息)。这好比一个24小时(开放的)图书馆,我们简单地键入某些关键词就能够寻找(到)正确的信息。

这种新形式的教育,比传统的教育更为成功。它可以为不同的学习者提供更灵活多样的学习方式。同时,它可使部分学生在线学习最新的知识的时候(可以)坚持他们目前的工作。

Unit 2 Language Learning

Part Two Read and Think

III.

1 discover

2 techniques

3 independent

4 active

5 purpose

6 independently

7 purposefully

8 outlined

IV.

1. conclusion

2. therefore

3. master

4. intelligent

5. discover

6. independent

7. purpose

8. regularly

9. outline 10. probably

V.

1. ability

2. depend on, discover

3. patterns and the rules

4. clues, conclusion

5. independently, actively, purposefully

VI.

1. first of all

2. regularly

3. conclusion

4. depend on

5. discovered

6. master

7. Take a look at

8. independent

9. outlines

10. probably

VII.

1. make a mistake

2. look for clues

3. form their own conclusion

4. master rules of grammar

5. discover their own way to learn the language

6. in order to communicate with these people

7. take a close look at them

8. instead of waiting for the teacher to explain

9. ask these people to correct them 10. practice using the language regularly

IX.

1. I find it pleasant to work with him.

2. We’re going on holiday soon, probably next month.

3. Some people seem to have their own ability in learning language.

4. The post arrives regularly at eight every morning.

5. She seems to do these things on purpose

6. They are a proud and independent people.

7. She discovered the joy of writing.

8. It’s not easy to master a foreign language.

9. My teacher is as kind as intelligent.

10. He was later discovered to have been a spy.

X.

Irregular illegal irrational illogical irrelevant

Illegible irreligious illegitimate irreparable illiberal

1. irregular

2. irreparable

3. illegal

4. illogical

5. irrational

6. irrelevant

7. illegitimate

8. illiberal

9. irreligious 10. illegible

XI.

1. I gave him advice instead of money.

The economy is shrinking instead of growing.

2. I’ll be probably free then.

Well, you’re probably right.

3. On the other hand, he is clever.

On the other hand I have to work.

4. They felt it difficult to finish the work in such a short time.

Tom didn’t find it difficult to write letters in Chinese.

5. He seems an energetic person.

He seems to know everything.

XII.

1. First of all, successful language learners are independent learners.

2. The work should be done in this way and your conclusion is therefore wrong.

3. She has been writing the letter since four o’clock in the afternoon.

4. Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.

5. Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose.

XIII.

1.如果你在学语言上是很有成就的,那也许你就正是这种能独立自学,能积极主动并有明确学习目的的人。

2.反之,假如你学语言学得不大成功,那你最好试一试上述列举的这些学习方法或技巧。

3.因此,学得成功的人都不是坐等机会来了才去使用这种语言的。

4.他们能找出线索善于猜测,善于形成自己的结论。

5.对他们来说,学会用所学的语言来思考比学会每个单词的意思更重要。

XIV.

1. C

2. D

3. B

4. C

5. D

Part Four Pick up Your Grammar

I.

1. D

解析:本句意为“他在2002年加入了共产党”,这是对过发生的事件的陈述,应该用一般过去时,所以答案为D。本句不能选择完成时态,因为动词join不能表示动作的持续性,也就不能和since引导的时间状语连用。

2. A

解析:从句动词finished所表示的动作发生在主句动词said之前,所以从句应用过去完成时。时间状语“last day”是一般过去时的标志性短语,所以不能选B。答案为A,意思是“凯特说她昨晚就完成作文了”。

3. B

解析:本句是对过去发生的事件的陈述,意思是“我的同学为他人做了很多好事”,应该用一般过去时,所以选B。

4. D

解析:本句意思是“我拜访杰克时,他正在街上走”,表示当一个动作发生时,另外一个动作正在进行,所以应该选择过去进行时和一般过去时。答案为D。

5. A

解析:本句意思是“---你喜欢昨晚的音乐会吗?---是的,虽然最后一曲不怎么样”。分析句子结构,主语为the last piece,可知此处应该选择被动语态,而这件事情发生在昨晚,所以应用一般过去时。答案为A。

6. D

解析:本句意思是“大卫修机器的时候,弄伤了自己”,表示当一个动作正在进行时,另外一个动作突然发生,所以应该选择过去进行时和一般过去时。动词hurt的过去时形式是hurt,所以答案为D。

7. A

解析:it在句中作形式主语,代替whether引导的从句,指的是“他能否上大学”这件事情。某一“事件”作主语时应该选择被动语态,可以排除C和D。本句意思是“这件事情还没有决定”,强调的是目前的情况,所以要用现在完成时,答案为A。意思是“他能否上大学这事儿还没定下来”。

8. A

解析:“have been to a place”意思是说话时已经去过某地,现在已经回来了;“have gone to a place”意思是说话时已经去某地了,现在还没有回来。本句主句是一般过去时,所以从句应该选择过去完成时,意为“他说他从没去过美国”。所以答案为A。

9. B

解析:根据时间状语“this time last year去年的这个时候”,我们可知本句动词应用过去进行时,所以答案为B,意为“去年的这个时候,我正在乡下度假”。

10. C

解析:“have been to a place”意思是说话时已经去过某地,现在已经回来了;“have gone to a place”意思是说话时已经去某地了,现在还没有回来。分析句意,Mary在说话时去学校了,还没回来,所以答案应选C。意为“玛丽在哪?她去学校了”。

11. B

解析:从句“you had been there already”用的是过去完成时,可知动词know应该选用相应的过去时间,所以答案为B。意为“对不起,我不知道你已经到这儿了”。

12. C

解析:根据时间状语从句“when I left the house当我离开家的时候”可知主句应表示“天正在下雨”,所以应该选择进行时态。从句用的是一般过去时,主句也应用相应的过去时态,所以答案为C。意思是“当我离开家的时候,天正在下雨”。

13. B

解析:在完成时态中,副词already,just等应放在助动词have、has、had和动词过去分词之间,所以答案为B。意思是“汤姆已经游览了澳大利亚很多不同的地方”。

14. B

解析:根据时间状语“up to now知道现在”我们可知本句动词应用完成时态,所以答案为B。意思是“到目前为止我还不是很成功”。

15. D

解析:短语“three days ago”是一般过去时的时间状语,主语the wheat是不可数名词,所以应选D,意思是“麦子三天前就割了”。

II.

1. don’t tell; will (simply) keep on; do

解析:if引导的条件状语从句中有时间状语now,应用一般现在时,主句的动作还没有发生,应用一般将来时,而until引导的从句也应该用一般现在时。意思是“如果你现在不告诉他事实,他会不停地问你,直到你说了为止”。

2. was; has gone

解析:短语“just now”是表示一般过去时的时间状语,所以第一空应该填was。转折连词but引导的分句意思是“她现在走了”,应该用现在完成时,表示对现在造成的影响。句子意思是“她刚才在这儿,但是已经走了”。

3. received; accepted; haven’t seen

解析:根据时间状语yesterday可知receive 和accept 两个动作均发生在昨天,所以应该用一般过去时。而根据时间状语for several weeks可知谓语动词所表示的动作是延续性的,所以应用现在完成时。句意是“昨天我收到了约翰的邀请,立刻就接受了。我已经几周都没看见他了”。

4. Have (you) seen; left; picked; put

解析:第一句话意思是“你看见我的雨伞了吗?我找不到了”。第一空应用现在完成时,表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。第二句话意思是“你拉在教室了。我捡起来放在壁橱里了”。所有的动作均发生在过去,应该用一般过去时。

5. bought; asked; told; have waited; hasn’t come

解析:根据句意,我们可知“买房子和装电话”这件事均发生在过去,所以前三空应该用一般过去时。在but引导的分句中有时间状语now,表示wait这个动作从过去发生,一直延续了一年时间,所以应该用现在完成时;而现在的结果是“电话还没有装上”,所以come 也应用现在完成时。意思是“当我买上新房子的时候,就要求装一个电话。邮局告诉我让我等。现在我已经等了一年了,还是没装上。”。

6. couldn’t go out; had promised

解析:根据时间状语that night我们可知第一空应该用一般过去时,而because引导的从句中动词promise发生在主句动作之前,所以应该用过去完成时。句意为“那天晚上我出不去,因为我答应吉姆要在家里等着他”。

7. went; found; had changed

解析:根据时间状语two years ago我们可知第一空应该用一般过去时。第二句话中动词find 也发生在过去,所以也应用一般过去时。而动词change发生在find之前,所以应该用过去完成时。句意为“两年前,我回了一趟家乡。我发现它发生了很大的变化”。

8. came; was feeling; had worked

解析:根据时间状语yesterday我们可知第一空应该用一般过去时。第二话中动词“feel”应用过去进行时,表示“当你来的时候,我正感到累”。根据时间状语all day可知句中动作应该是持续了一整天,应用过去完成时。句子意思是“昨天你来的时候,我正觉得非常累,因为我在花园里干了一整天”。

9. was walking; remembered; had not locked

解析:根据时间状语“when he stopped突然停了下来”,可知主句动作正在进行当中,所以第一空应用过去进行时。第二空应用一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作。第三空动词lock 所表示的动作发生在remember之前,所以要用过去完成时。意思是“约翰正朝着车走过去,

突然他停了下来。他想起来自己没有锁办公室门”。

10. Have (you) applied; wrote; haven’t answered

解析:根据句意,可知apply这个动作发生在过去,而句子强调的是对现在造成的结果,所以应用现在完成时。根据时间状语last month,可知第二空应用一般过去时。根据时间状语yet 可知最后一空应用现在完成时。句意是“你申请这份工作了吗?我上个月就给他们写信了,但现在还没收到回复”。

III.

1. He joined the army in October 200

2. He has been in the army for five years.

2. —I’ve bought a Chinese-English dictionary.

—Where did you get it.

—The bookstore next to our school.

3. —Have you had your breakfast?

—No. I often go to school without breakfast.

4. I thought you had gone home.

5. Last week I went to a concert. That was the best concert I had ever heard.

6. I didn’t leave yesterday afternoon till all the students had handed in their papers.

7. The film began before we had found our seats.

8. We had hardly left the party when it began to rain,

9. The First World War broke out in 1914.

10. Alice said that she was going to spend the weekends in the countryside.

课文翻译:

好的语言学习者

有些人似乎有学习语言的能力。他们能轻松地记住词汇,掌握语法规则,而且比别人更快地用一门新语言写文章。他们并不见得比别人智力更发达,那么是什么使学语言对于他们来说很容易呢?也许如果我们近一点看看这些成功的语言学习者,就会发现一些他们学习语言很容易的技巧。

首先,成功的语言学习者是独立的学习者。他们不依赖书本或老师,他们能找到属于自己的学习语言的方法。他们并不是等着老师讲解,而是努力发现语言的模式和规则。他们善于根据某些线索进行猜测,然后得出自己的结论。

成功的语言学习是积极主动的学习。所以,成功的语言学习者从不等待机会去说这门语言,而是要求人们在他们犯错误的时候给予纠正。他们会努力去同人交流。他们不怕犯错误并努力再尝试。对于他们来说,能用这门语言思考比懂得每个单词的意思更重要。

最后,成功的语言学习者是有目的的学习者。他们想要学一门语言是因为他们对这门语言和讲这门语言的人有兴趣。对于他们,研究语言谱系从而与讲这门语言的人交流并向其学习是很必要的。他们发现经常地练习讲这门语言是很容易的一件事,因为他们想用它学习。

你是哪一种语言学习者?如果你是一个成功的语言学习者,你大概一直在独立地、积极主动地、有目的性地学习。另一方面,如果你的语言学习不那么成功,你就该试试上面所提到的那些学习技巧。

Unit 3 Leisure Time

III.

1 relaxation

2 individual

3 personality

4 Basically

5 Obviously

6 contribute

7 renewal

8 rewarding

IV.

1. leisure

2. recreation

3. entertainment

4. personality

5. preference

6. pursuit

7. basically

8. obviously

9. contribute 10. rewarding V.

1. shorter and shorter, longer and longer

2. relaxation, recreation and entertainment, and personal development

3. individual to individual

4. related to

5. rich, colorful and rewarding

VI.

1. lead to

2. basically

3. leisure

4. a variety of

5. take part in

6. individual

7. According to

8. pursuit

9. preference

10. contribute to

VII.

1. relaxation, recreation and entertainment

2. become a hot topic

3. during one’s spare time

4. different from individual to individual

5. be interested in movies and television

6. social background

7. personal development

8. take part in sports

9. mass media

10. with the working hours becoming shorter and shorter

IX.

1. After two hours work, the boss asked them work more.

2. Lots of visitors come to Nanjing because she is quite a beautiful city.

3. This morning, after having breakfast, he ran off to the bus stop.

4. Next term ,if he doesn’t help you, you will fall behind.

5. The importance of these factors changes according to the nature of one’s job.

6. The use of leisure time is different from individual to individual.

7. The good use of leisure time will make life rich, colorful and rewarding.

8. All things people do in leisure hours enable them to satisfy their wishes.

9. The use of leisure time often shows much about one’s tastes.

10. We find interests in a lot of things and subjects from our families.

X.

unable disagree uncertain disappear uneasy

disorder unlucky disobey unusual disclose

1. uncertain

2. disappear

3. unlucky

4. disagree

5. unusual

6. unable

7. disclose

8. disorder

9. uneasy 10. disobey

XI.

1. He is having supper with the door open.

Along with the development of technology, China become more and more formidable.

2. According to our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library. According to expert opinions, they gave up the experiment immediately.

3. The result basically is satisfied.

We’re basically in agreement on that agenda.

4. A bird’s wings enable it to fly.

This dictionary enables you to understand English words.

5. Some of us study Russian, others English.

Some people come regularly, others only occasionally.

XII.

1. The result basically is satisfied. They pay us according to the amount of work we do.

2. Proper rest and enough sleep contribute to longevity.

3. Gardening is a very rewarding recreation.

4. One’s tastes, values, interests and personality are all related to his social background and learning experiences.

5. Leisure has the following functions: relaxation, recreation and entertainment, and personal development.

XIII.

1. 休闲的具体用途因人而异。

2. 我们从来自家庭、学校、工作和大众传媒的事物中获得各种兴趣。

3. 随着工作时间的越来越短和假日的越来越长

4. 休闲时间的利用往往显示出一个人的品位、价值、兴趣和个性。

5. 显然,人们在休闲时间所做的一切使他们能够满足他们的愿望。

XIIV.

1. C

2. A

3. D

4. A

5. B

Part Four Pick up Your Grammar

I.

1. A

解析:one 和punish之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。根据条件状语从句if one breaks the law 可知punish这个动作没有发生,应该用一般将来时态。所以答案为A,意思是“如果一个人触犯法律,就会受到惩罚”。

2. C

解析:如果主句是一般将来时,在条件状语从句中,我们通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。所以本题应选C,意思是“如果你安静下来,我就告诉你发生了什么”。

3. C

解析:主语middle school boys是复数,和谓语动词tell之间是被动关系,这样可以排除A 和D。副词always应该放在助动词和实义动词之间,所以应该选C。意思是“中学男生总是被告知不要抽烟”。

4. D

解析:分析句意“如果你好好学习,你就会通过考试”,可知pass这个动作还没有发生,应该用一般将来时,所以选D。

5. B

解析:根据but后面的时间状语now可知这一动作正在进行中,应该用现在进行时,所以选B。意思是“约翰每天傍晚做很多的家务活,但是现在他正在帮助他的同学们复习功课”。

6. A

解析:主语the song 是单数,和谓语动词sing之间是被动关系,副词often表明是经常发生的动作,应用一般现在时,所以答案为A。意思是“孩子们经常唱这首歌”。

7. D

解析:根据时间状语by the end of 2020可知本句表示在未来的时间点之前将会完成的动作,应该用将来完成时,所以答案为D。意思是“到2020年末,中国将会变得更加强大、富有”。

8. D

解析:根据时间状语since I last saw you,可知前面动作是从过去发生一直持续到现在的,应该用完成时态,所以选D。意思是“自从我上次看见你已经过去很多年了”。

9. D

解析:主语the room 是单数,和谓语动词clean之间是被动关系,副词often表明是经常发生的动作,应用一般现在时,所以选D。意思是“房间经常由工人打扫”。

10. D

解析:根据时间状语in three years可知这个动作将要发生,应该用一般将来时态。主语railway 和谓语complete之间是被动关系,所以答案为D。意思是“铁路将在三年内完成”。

11. D

解析:根据时间状语in1937可知这是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。主语the anti-Japanese War和谓语broke out是主动关系,不能用被动语态。所以答案为D,意思是“抗日战争爆发于1937年,持续了8年之久”。

12. A

解析:本题题意为“你以前去过那儿吗”,表明说话时双方都不在那个地方,应该用have been 结构,所以答案为A。

13. A

解析:时间状语from seven to eight last night表示的是一段时间,所以应该用过去进行时,意思是“汤姆昨晚从7点到8点这段时间正在学习功课”,所以答案为A。

14. B

解析:本句表示的是汤姆现在处于的一种状态,应该用现在进行时态,答案为B。意思是“他变得瘦了,发生了什么事情?”。

15. C

解析:此句用现在完成时表示某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,意思是“我现在已经完成了作业”。应该选C。

II.

1. will (he) do; leaves

解析:分析句子结构,when引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时,主句应该用一般将来时。意思是“当他离开学校后,他会去做什么”。

2. wait; make; will be

解析:在if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时,主句则用一般将来时。本句意思是“在作决定之前如果你再等一个小时,就太晚了”。

3. comes; will take

解析:分析句意,when引导的时间状语从句应用一般现在时,主句应该用一般将来时,表示将来经常会发生的动作。意思是“当航班投入使用时,从纽约到伦敦仅需要3小时的路程”。

4. am going to make; will burn

解析:“be going to + V.”表示主观上打算和计划要做的事。分析句意,可知第一空应该填am going to make,意思是“我打算在花园后面点一堆篝火”。第二空则应该用一般将来时,表示将要发生的动作。本句意思是“---给你火柴,但是你要火柴干吗啊?---我打算在花园后面点一堆篝火。---小心点。如果火太大,会烧着苹果树的”。

5. are going to camp; cook

解析:“be going to + V.”表示主观上打算和计划要做的事。分析句意,可知我们是计划出去野营,所以应该用are going to camp。句子意思是“---你必须背这么多东西吗?---是啊,我们要出去野营,要自己做饭,所以必须多带点”。

6. will have completed; returns; will begin

解析:分析句意可知本句讲的都是在未来发生的事情。根据时间状语before that可知第一空应该选择将来完成时,表示在这个时间点之前将会完成的动作。第二空用一般现在时代替将来时态,因为是用在after引导的时间状语从句中。第三空则应用一般将来时态,表示发生在将来的动作。本句意思是“杰克这个夏天会去欧洲旅游。在这之前,他将完成自己的数学学士学位。在返回美国之后,他将开始自己管理学的研究生课程”。

7. Are (you) going; will stay; will come/are coming

解析:分析句意,本题问的是今天晚上我要做什么,应该用将来时态。动词go 和come可以用现在进行时表示按计划即将要进行的动作。本句意思是“---你晚上出去吗?---不,我要呆在家里,邻居们要来看电视”。

8. want; Do (you) have; will close/are closing; close

解析:第一、二和第四空应该用一般现在时,表示经常发生的动作或主语具有的性质特征。第三空用一般将来时,因为状语in five minutes很清楚的表明动作即将发生,也可以用现在进行时代替一般将来时。本句意思是“---我想买件衬衫,你这儿有80号的好看的吗?---对不起,我们5分钟后要关门了,每周五我们都是五点整关门”。

9. hopes; have decided; will not be; gets

解析:第一空应该用一般现在时,表示主语具有的性质特征。第二空用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。第三空用一般将来时,因为这个动作还没有发生。最后一空用一般现在时代替将来时,因为是用在unless引导的从句中。本句意思是“约翰希望明年能上大学。但他的父母决定除非他得到奖学金,否则他们供不起他上学”。

10. will have done

解析:根据时间状语by then可知应该选择将来完成时,表示在这个时间点之前将会完成的动作。句意是“一小时之内回来哦。到那时我就整理好行李了,我们可以谈谈”。

III.

1. We’ll start off as soon as the rain stops.

2. I’ll ring you up directly I hear the news.

3. The manager is to hold a meeting to settle the question.

4. He is not to stay here any longer. He is to leave at once.

5. If you go and see him at six tomorrow morning, he will be taking morning exercises.

6. He announced at the press conference that the prime minister of English was to visit China next Monday.

7. When you come back from Beijing next week, the discussion will have finished.

8. By next weekend, I’ll have been here for a whole year.

9. Don’t get off the bus till it stops.

10. Look! The dark clouds are gathering. It is going to rain.

课文翻译:

休闲时间

随着工作时间的越来越短和假日的越来越长,如何度过休闲时间已经成为一个热点话题。作为个人在业余时间进行的活动,休闲具有以下功能:放松、消遣和娱乐,以及个人发展。这些功能的重要性因各人的工作性质和生活方式而不同。

休闲的具体用途因人而异,甚至同样的休闲活动各人做起来也可能功能不同。休闲时间的利用往往表现出一个人的品位、价值、兴趣和个性。有些人喜欢文学、巫术和艺术等人文学科,他们也许对电影、电视感兴趣,另一些人参加运动、政治、志愿工作或者在家做喜欢的事情,还有一些喜欢聚会或者旅游。

我们的好恶、品位、喜好决定了我们是选择看书、看电影、露营或某种文化追求,这又同社会环境和学习经验有关。我们从来自家庭、学校、工作和大众传媒的事物中获得各种兴趣。基本上这种态度就意味着休闲是生活的重要部分,相信休闲能够并且应该得到充分利用。

显然,人们在休闲时间所做的一切使他们能够满足他们的愿望。这能有助于导致一种自我更新和更加“平衡”的生活方式。因此,利用好休闲时间能使我们的生活丰富多彩,也非常有益。

Unit 4 Planning a Trip

Part Two Read and Practice

III.

1. book

2. abroad

3. compare

4. Search

5. deals

6. filled

7. discounts

8. end up

IV.

1. abroad

2. instruction

3. avoid

4. foreign

5. discount

6. accommodation

7. vacation

8. moreover

9. destination 10. deal

V.

1. advance

2. enjoyable

3. destination

4. sense

5. disaster

VI.

1. till

2. discount

3. in advance

4. stayed up

5. at least

6. compares

7. involved

8. exciting

9. sense

10. disasters

VII.

Famous occasional original

Natural dangerous nervous

1. original

2. natural

3. occasional

4. famous

5. nervous

6. dangerous VIII.

1. Winning the first prize is always his life goal.

Collecting stamps is one of his hobbies.

2. She can’t leave until Friday.

I will wait here until the concert is over.

3. I don’t like skating; moreover, the ice is too thin.

The price is too high, and moreover, the house isn’t in a suitable position.

4. Remember to turn off lights before you go to bed.

Do not skate on that river because the ice there is too thin.

5. Now more and more city adults spend their spare time trying to improve themselves at school or college.

She spends two hours on television every evening.

(She spends two hours in watching television every evening.)

IX.

1. Do you spend much time searching through dictionaries for words to use?

2. He was filled with joy and excitement when he heard that he could enter the college.

3. The police didn’t find out the truth until a year later.

4. Water will turn into ice if the temperature drops to 0°C.

5. Many students like staying up late to prepare for the test on the even of the exam.

6. In the United States, people usually make an appointment with the doctor in advance before they go to see the doctor.

7. The dinner ended up with a dessert.

8. Anyone with common sense will not do such a foolish thing like that.

X.

1. 旅行计划将涉及投入大量时间来搜寻机票的费用,安排交通工具、住宿及整理行李。

2. 网络上有很多打折机票和便宜的机票。

3. 如果你不花费点心思,结果你可能要比本应该花的多花几百美元。

4. 你应该至少提前一周时间开始打包。

5. 因为你不会想在你出发前熬夜整理行李并把自己累垮吧。

6. 而且,提前整理你还可以避免遗忘一些重要的物品。

7. 旅行计划耗时、耗力,还得具备一定的常识。

8. 恶劣的天气能立即使你令人兴奋的旅行变成呆在房间里观看外国电视节目的一周。

XI.

1. C

2. B

3. A

4. C

5. C

Part Four Pick up Your Grammar

I.

1. C

解析:根据时间状语nearly 50 years ago,可知谓语动词应该用一般过去时;而主语the factory 和谓语build之间是被动关系,所以答案为C。意思是“这个工厂修建于50年前”。

2. D

解析:此题意思是“我们都相信在未来几年中计算机会变得越来越小”。能表达此意的只有A、B和D选项。动词become、get和turn + adj.可以构成主系表结构,不用被动语态。所以答案应选D。

3. D

解析:分析句子结构,主语he和谓语warn之间是被动关系,而这件事很明显是发生在过去的,所以答案为D。意思是“他被警告不要再把废纸扔在公共场所”。

4. A

解析:主语everything和谓语动词finish之间是被动关系。在将来时态中,被动语态形式为“主语+will be + V.p.p”。所以答案为A。意思是“不要担心,每件事都会按时完成”。

5. D

解析:分析句子结构,主语such problems和谓语solve之间是被动关系,所以答案应选D。“主语+ have to + be +V.p.p”意思是“不得不被……”。本句意思是“这样的问题不得不尽快解决”。

6. A

解析:分析句子结构,主语her application for the position和谓语refuse之间是被动关系,所以答案应选A。意思是“她申请那个职位被老板拒绝了”。

7. B

解析:动词happen是不及物动词,没有被动语态。时间状语at the time last year表明这件事发生在过去,所以应该用一般过去时。答案为B。意思是“这件事发生在去年的这个时候”。

8. C

解析:主语much和动词do之间是被动关系,时间状语in the past few years是现在完成时的一个标志,所以正确答案是C。意思是“在过去的几年中完成了很多事情”。

9. D

解析:主语the match和谓语put off之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,所以答案为D。意思是“由于下雨,比赛被推迟了”。

10. A

解析:increase在句中表示一种状态而不是动作,所以不能用被动语态。根据时间状语over the past 20 years,可知本句应用现在完成时,表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响。所以答案为A。意思是“在美国过去的20年中,工作时间增加了”。

11. B

解析:it在句中作形式主语,句子真正的主语是that引导的从句。it和think是被动关系,应用被动语态。所以应选B。意思是“自从计算机发明以来,人们就认为它们对科学研究而言是必不可少的”。

12. A

解析:主语he和谓语employ之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。而get employed是比较口语化的一种被动语态,这种结构中很少用by短语。所以答案为A。意思是“他被告知毕业后会被一家公司聘用”。

13. B

解析:主语the steps of progress in society和谓语think of之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,所以应选B。意思是“不应该认为社会进步的步伐会在短时间内发生”。

14. A

解析:主语the kitchen和谓语clean之间是被动关系,应该用被动语态。get +V.p.p是比较口语化的一种被动语态,这种结构中很少用by短语,可以排除B和D。主句是一般过去时,从句也应用过去时态,可以排除C。所以答案选A。这是过去进行时的被动语态结构。意思是“他的妻子告诉他清洁工正在打扫厨房”。

15. D

解析:这道题的主语the trip与谓语cancel (取消)之间应该是被动的关系,本题中用法正确的被动语态只有D,所以答案应该为D,意思是:由于暴风雪,去山里的旅行被取消了。

II.

1. Machines are made in that factory.

2. Rice is not grown in the west of Japan.

3. What are the boys often told to do?

4. How many desks are bought every term?

5. That kind of shoes was sold in this shop last week

6. We were told a story last night. (A story was told to us last night.)

7. Was the blackboard cleaned just now?

8. When was supper cooked yesterday?

9. The young tree must be tied to the stick.

10. Her baby should be taken good care of.

III.

1. The problem must be dealt with seriously.

2. This out-of-date teaching method must be done away with.

3. The kitchen was filled with smoke.

4. The medicine should be taken after dinner.

5. The natural resources here were hardly ever made use of.

课文翻译:

计划旅程

计划一次旅程并非是一个假期中最令人愉快的时候。旅行计划将涉及投入大量时间来

搜寻机票的费用,安排交通工具、住宿及整理行李。以下是一些有益的提示。

不要预定你所找到的第一个航班。如果你要去国外旅游并且需要预定机票,不要预定你所找到的第一个航班。如果你想要找到便宜的机票,你需要对比各个航班的价格。上网查询或打电话到航空公司去看看你所能找到的最便宜的交易。网络上有很多打折机票和便宜的机票。如果你不花费点心思,结果你可能要比本应该花的多花几百美元。

查找更多关于旅游目的地的信息。你需要调查你感兴趣的旅游目的地的信息。而且,你也应该找出一年中最适宜的时候去旅行(你不会想在雨季时去巴黎旅行吧)。找出天气最好的时候并把你的旅程大致定在那些月份。恶劣的天气能立即使你那令人兴奋的旅行变成呆在房间里观看外国电视节目的一周。

不要等到最后时刻才去整理行李。行李整理几乎总是旅行计划中的最后一项工作。但是你不应该等到出发的前一天才开始整理打包。你应该至少提前一周时间开始打包。为何呢?因为你不会想在你出发前熬夜整理行李并把自己累垮吧。而且,提前整理你还可以避免遗忘一些重要的物品。

旅行计划耗时、耗力,还得具备一定的常识。如果你不正确地进行计划的话,甚至还没出门,你的旅行就泡汤了。

Unit 5 Manners

Part Two Read and Practice

III.

1. vary

2. serve

3. offered

4. used

5. ask for

6. else

7. prefer

8. surprised

IV.

1. somewhat

2. offer

3. simple

4. occasion

5. aware

6. within

7. occasionally

8. hesitate

9. manner 10. host

V.

1. somewhat

2. within

3. except

4. offered

5. relationship

VI.

1. pleasure

2. aware

3. offer

4. in general

5. tend to

6. somewhat

7. attend

8. hesitated

9. simply

10. varies

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