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现在分词的加法

现在分词的加法
现在分词的加法

英语知识点详解

一.现在分词的加法:

1.动词词尾直接—ing 例如:cry-crying fly-flying

see-seeing sing-singing work-working eat-eating walk-walking listen-listening

2.以不发音的e结尾的去e 加ing 例如:

write-writing make-making live-living take-taking give-giving wake-waking

3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,应先双写这一字母,再加ing 例如:put-putting swim-swimming cut-cutting sit-sitting hit-hitting shop-shopping stop-stopping begin-beginning plan-planning(计划)

二.名词的复数:

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式经常在单数形式的后面加“- s‖或“- es ’’构成。这是规则变化,除此之外,还有不规则变化。

1.名词复数规则变化:

一般情况下名词复数的变化是在可数名词的词尾加―-s‖构成复数。读音为[ s ],[ z ] [ iz]

例如:book-books [buks] top-tops

apple-apples girl-girls radio-radios knee-knees house-houses bed-beds boot-boots kind-kinds 2.以s,x,sh ,ch,sh 结尾的名词加es 构成复数,读音为[iz] 例如:

class-classes box-boxes bus-buses dish-dishes watch-watches glass-glasses

ch 读【k】时,其复数应加-s 如:stomach-stomachs(肚子)

3.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,要将y 变为i 再加es 变为复数,读【iz】如:city-cities [sitiz],lady-ladies

[leidiz] family-families baby-babies body-bodies

4.以f,fe 结尾的名词,通常要将f或fe 变为v,再加es,读[z]音。Knife –knives [naivz] wife-wives leaf-leaves 但有的词要直接加s,读[s]音。roof-roofs chief-chiefs

5.以o 结尾的名词,有些加es 读【z】音,有些直接加-s .

potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes photo –photos

radio-radios piano-pianos zoo-zoos

巧妙记忆法:1)两人两菜es(negro,hero,potato,tomato)

2)一句话(Negroes and heroes like potatoes and tomatoes )

3)有生命的加es (如heroes,potatoes ),无生命的加s (如zoo-zoos,piano-pianos)

6.单复数同形:sheep-sheep deer-deer Chines-Chinese

Japanese-Japanese

7.某国人变复数,可用口诀记忆:中日不变英法变,其余s 加后边。1)a Chinese---Chinese 2) a Japanese---Japanese

3)an Englishman ---Englishmen 4) a Frenchman---Frenchmen

5) a German---Germans 6)an American---Americans

14.突破语法知识—非谓语动词之现在分词-讲义

14.突破语法知识—非谓语动词之现在分词 一、动词-ing形式概述 动词-ing形式包括现在分词(the present participle)和动名词,是三种非谓语动词之一。 现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。 动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。 动词-ing形式的功能 动词-ing的形式: 1.He hurried home,looking behind as he went. 2.Having finished their work,they had a rest. 3.The large building being built is a library. 4.Having been shown the lab,we were taken to see the library. 二、现在分词的两个基本特点 1、在时间上表示动作正在进行

There are many sleeping students in class. 2、在语态上表示主动 Feeling the lesson is boring,the students are sleepy. 三、现在分词的构成 1、一般动词,变化:加+ing,例子:wash——washing,read——reading 2、以不发音字母e结尾的动词,变化:去掉e,再加+ing,例如:make——making write——writing use——using 3、以重读闭音节结尾的动词且末尾只有一个辅音字母,变化:双写最后的辅音字母,再加+ing,例如:run——running,swim——swimming,put——putting 4、以ie结尾的动词,变化:改ie为y,再加+ing,例如:lie——lying,die——dying,tie——tying 5、以c结尾的动词,变化:变c为ck,再加+ing,例子:picnic→picnicking,traffic→trafficking(例外:arc 作弧形运动,arcing) 6、以l结尾的动词,变化:如果动词原形以非重读音节结尾,则末尾的字母l双写与不双写均可。其中不双写的是美式拼写。 tavel→travelling/traveling(U.S.) 7、以x、w、y结尾的动词,直接加ing。例如: 原词:fix+ing→fixing(修理) 原词:follow+ing→follow(跟随) 原词:employ+ing→employing(雇用) 8、例外(双写辅音字母和直接加ing),单音节单词中有两个元音的动词无需双写n。 原词:iron+ing→ironing(熨烫) 9、以元音字母加e结尾,或以e结尾,且e发音的动词(ee,oe,ye),直接加ing。例如: 原词:be+ing→being(做) 原词:see+ing→seeing(看见)

现在分词讲解及训练

现在分词 Form: ?doing ?having done(先后关系) 现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行。 Exercise: 划出句中的现在分词,并指出它在句中做何成分。 1. The three contestants were sitting at their desks on the stage, waiting. 2. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 3. Having finished his homework, he went out. 4. People living in the cities used to regard farming as boring and backward. 5. The changes in Sunqiao is very amazing. 现在分词做定语: Exercise: Combine each pair of sentences 1. The men are required to come to the headmaster’s office. They had some overseas working experience. 2. The people take part in a variety of exercise They can keep healthy. 3. The research at Sunqiao produces seeds. The seeds help farmers grow better crops. 4. People used to regard farming as boring and backward. These people live in cities. 5.Do you know the boy? He is standing under the tree. 6. The spiders store the mice for later. The mice serve as a source of food. Exercise: compare The swimming pool is clean and big. The swimming boy is his brother. The big writing desk is very expensive. The writing student is Tom’s classmate. 现在分词作状语:时间,条件,伴随方式,原因,结果 Exercise: rewrite the sentences 1. Kitty heard the news. She jumped with joy. 2. Tom put on his swim-suit. He dived into the swimming pool. 3. While she was cooking, she burned her right hand. 4. After he had finished his homework, he went out to play football. 以上改写后的三个句子中的现在分词短语做______状语。 现在分词作状语:相当于状语从句,但从句和主句的____语必须一致. 时间状语: 1. Working in the factory, he learned a lot from the workers.(分词一般式) 2. Having read the letter, she got very excited(完成式) 3. ________hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 4. = as soon as _________________________________________. 5. Be careful when crossing the street. 条件状语: 1.If you walk hard, you will succeed. 2. = _______________________________ 伴随方式状语 1. She came _______(run) towards me. 2. The children ran out of the room, __________(laugh) and _______(talk) merrily. 3. ____________(travel) by jeep, we visited a number of cities. 4. ____________(follow) the guide, they started to climb. 5. _____________(follow) by the students, the teacher entered the office. 原因状语 1. Because I was sick, I stayed at home.

动词过去式 过去分词 现在分词

动词 一、五种基本形式: 英语中实义动词和系动词有五种基本形式,原形、现在式(用于第三人称单数)、过去式(用于过去时态)、过去分词(用于各种完成时态)和现在分词(用于各种进行时态)。 1、第三人称单数构成与名词由单数变复数

二、动词时态 定义:时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。 四类:一般时态、进行时态、完成时态和完成进行时态。每一类时态都对应四种时间:过去、现在、将来、过去将来。常用8种时态:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时和过去将来时。 1、一般现在时 常见频度副词有:always(总是,一直),often, usually, never, sometimes等 地球围绕着太阳转:The earth moves around the sun.表客观存在的真理或科学事实。 公交车来了:Here comes the bus.以here, there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。

2、一般过去时 有确定的时间状语,如:yesterday, two days ago, last+年/月/星期,the other day, just now, in the old days, the day before yesterday(前天),this morning/afternoon, at the age of+过去年龄段,when 引导的状语从句(过去),at+过去时间点,in+过去的年份等。 3、一般将来时 常用时间副词:tomorrow, soon,(today, tonight)时间状语短语:next year/week/month, in a few days, in the future等。 构成:will/shall+动词原形,be going to+动词原形,表示打算和预测。 特殊情形: be to+动词原形,表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作;有时也表示命令、禁止或可能性。如:She is to practice the piano tomorrow. 她明天将练习钢琴。 用现在进行时表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。 用一般现在时表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的事。 be about to+动词原形,表示即将要发生的事。 4、现在进行时 常与look, listen, now连用 5、过去进行时 the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等标志性词语,主要表示过去某一时刻或表示过去某一阶段正在发生或进行的动作。 6、现在完成时: 常见时间状语:always, yet, just, ever, before,these days, recently, in the past/few时间段,since+时间点,for+时间段等。 构成:have/has+动词的过去分词 7、过去完成时 8、过去将来时 Would+动词原形

现在分词的变化规则

现在分词的变化规则 1.普通动词:格式+ing Think ---thinking sleep(睡觉)---sleeping study(学习)---studying Speak---speaking say---saying Go---going do---doing play---playing clean(把···弄干净)---cleaning Sing---singing read--reading cook--cooking stand(站立)--standing Draw--drawing listen--listening wash(洗)--washing snow--snowing Rain--raining answer(回答)--answering blow(吹)--blowing buy--buying Carry(拿/搬运)--carrying eat--eating fly(飞)--flying help--helping Jump(跳)--jumping learn(学习)--learning cry(哭)--crying join(加入)--joining Look(看)—looking know(知道)kowing keep(保持)—keeping

2.以不发音的e结尾的动词:去掉e再加ing,格式:去掉e+ing Wake(醒来)---waking make---making come--- coming Take---taking leave(离开)---leaving have---having Dance---dancing ride(骑)---riding write(写)---writing Choose(选择)—choosing close(关闭)—closing 3.以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写末 尾的辅音字母,再加ing Stop(停止)---stopping sit(坐)---sitting run---running forget(忘记)--forgetting Begin(开始)--beginning cut(切割)--cutting get (获得/了解)--getting hit(打击)--hitting Set(设置/放置)--setting swim--swimming fit(安装)--fitting dig--digging Shop(购物)—shopping put(放)—putting refer (涉及/谈及)—referring Prefer---preferring 4.以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y,再加ing Lie—lying(平躺/说谎)die—dying(死) tie –tying(系,捆)

英语现在分词

英语现在分词 Final approval draft on November 22, 2020

现在分词的构成方法 (1)一般情况下,在动词后加-ing构成:work--working,sleep--sleeping,wait--waiting等。 (2)在不发音的-e结尾动词去掉e后再加-ing:smile--smiling,move-movingtake-takingmake--making等。 (3)以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词,要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing:sit--sitting,plan--planning,refer--referring,occur—occurring,begin—beginning,beg—begging,cut—cutting,get—getting,hit—hitting,let— letting,swim-swimming,permit-permittingstop-stopping,drop-dropping,dig-digging,win-winning,run-running,put-putting,admit-admitting,shop--shopping,fit--fitting,forget--forgetting,spit--spitting (4)以字母ie结尾的动词,通常将ie改为y,再加ing:die--dying,lie--lying,tie--tying等。 (5)以字母l结尾动词,若末尾一个音节为重读音节,则必须双写l再加ing,如 control--controlling,但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节,则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语),如:travel—traveling/travelling。 cut--cutting切put--putting放swim--swimming游泳begin--beginning开始get--getting得到,获得forget--forgetting忘记hit--hitting打,击,撞spit-- spitting吐痰run--running跑sit--sitting坐babysit--babysitting临时照看婴儿split--splitting分裂shut--shutting关闭win--winning赢shop--shopping购物stop--stopping停止drop--dropping落下dip--dipping浸dig--digging挖plan--planning计划prefer--preferring更喜欢refer--referring查阅,参考let--letting 让trip--tripping绊倒step--stepping踩,踏rob--robbing抢劫set--setting设置nod--nodding点头fit--fitting合适regret--regretting后悔rot--rotting腐烂spot--spotting玷污slip--slipping滑倒wrap--wrapping包装 vs.及物动词Vi.不及物动词N.名词adv.副词Adj.形容词prep.介词Pron.代词Conj.连词Num.数词 illness患病haveafever发烧hurt疼痛haveacold感冒haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼haveasorethroat喉咙疼

英语动词现在分词的变化规则

英语动词《现在分词》的变化规则 现在分词的变化规则 1.普通动词:格式+ing; think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking say---saying cry---crying 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词:去掉e再加ing,格式:去e+ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having dance----dancing ride----riding write---writing 3. 以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing stop---stopping sit---sitting run---running forget---forgetting begin---beginning cut---cutting get---getting hit---hitting set---setting swim----swimming fit---fitting dig---digging shop---shopping put---putting 英语动词《现在分词》的变化规则 travel---travelling(可双写也可不双写) refer---referring prefer---preferring 4. 以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y ,再加inglie---lying

die---dyingtie---tying 现在进行时专项练习: 一、写出下列动词的现在分词: play_____________ run______________ swim _____________make______________ go______________ like____________ write_____________ _ski_____________ read_____________ have____________ sing _____________ dance___________ put______________ see____________ buy _____________ love____________ live_________ __ take______________ come _____________ get_____________ stop____________ sit _____________ begin____________ shop___________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空: 1. The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now. 英语动词《现在分词》的变化规则 2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

冀教版初中英语七年级上册语法动名词和现在分词的区别教案

湖南省娄底市双峰县曾国藩实验学校初中英语语法《动名词和现在 分词的区别》教案 V-ing 的非谓语动词用法: 动名词和现在分词的区别 一、V-ing作动名词时具有名词的特征,因而在句中用作主语、表语、宾语、定语,有时它可以有自己的逻辑主语,也可以有时态和语态形式。如: 1. 作主语、表语 动名词作主语和表语表示泛指。如: Tom's not having finished his homework made his teac her angry. 汤姆没有完成作业使老师很生.(主语) Her job is keeping the offices clean. 她的工作是保持办公室清洁。(表语) 2. 作宾语 动名词常跟在某些动词如enjoy, finish, mind, can't help(禁不住), suggest(建议), advise, consider(考虑), practise, admit, imagine 等以及含介词的短语动词insist on, stop...from, look forward to, pay attention to等后面作宾语。如: Do you mind my smoking here? 你介意我在这儿吸烟吗? 3. 作定语 动名词作定语时表示被修饰词的用途和作用。如: Don't forget to take a shopping basket with you. 别忘了带上购物篮子。 a sleeping baby (一个正在睡觉的baby) baby可以睡觉--动作性--现在分词 a sleeping car.(卧车)车不可以睡觉--名词性---动名词 二、V-ing作现在分词充当非谓语动词时,它主要在句中充当定语、表语、宾补、主补及状语。如: 1. 作定语 现在分词作定语时表示该动作正在进行,现在分词与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系。单个现在分词作定语通常放在被修饰词的前面.现在分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后。如: The rising sun looks very beautiful. 冉冉升起的太阳看上去很美。 若被修饰词与现在分词是被动关系时,须用现在分词的被动式(being done)作定语。如: The song being broadcas t is very popular with the young students. 正在播放的 歌曲深受青年学生的欢迎。 现在分词与动名词作定语的区别: 现在分词与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系,而动 名词作定语表示作用与用途。如: Let sleeping dogs lie. 别招惹麻烦。(现在分词。相当于定语从句 which are sleeping) I think some sleeping pills may help you. 我想安眠药可以助你入睡。(动名词.表示用途,相当于pills for sleeping) 2. 作表语 现在分词作表语表示主语的性质,这时通常可以看作形容词,可以用very, so或much等 修饰。如: The news that our team had been beaten by them in the match was very surprising. 我们队在比赛中被他们打败的消息让人感到很意外。 The sound we heard last night was so frightening. 我们昨晚听到的声音令人恐怖。

(完整版)动词的过去分词

动词的过去分词 一、过去分词的定义 过去分词是动词的另一种非限定形式。过去分词兼有动词副词的形容词的特征,可以带宾语或受状语的修饰,过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。 二、过去分词的基本形式 过去分词的基本形式是“动词+ed“,但也可以有不规则的形式。不规则的动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则,要逐个记忆。(详见每册高中课本后的不规则动词表)。过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作,只有一种形式。 三、过去分词的句法功能 过去分词在句中可以作宾语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。 作定语 (一)作定语用的过去分词如果是单词,入在被修饰和词的前面;过去分词短语作定语,则放在被修饰的词的后面,过去分词作定语常指完成的动作,而且与所修饰的词之间为被动关系,反过来说。……如: 1.boiled water 凉开水 2.oppressed people 被压迫的人民 3.腊肉 4.英语口语 5.用过的邮票 6.There are many fallen leaves on the ground . 7.This is a book written by a peasant . (二)现在分词和过去式的区别 英语里有些表示感觉的及特动词,其现在分司表示主动, 即“令人有某种感觉”实际上可以理解为一个形容词,表示 “令人××的”,过去分词表示被动,即“人被引起某种感觉” 也可以理解为一个形容词,表示“感到……的”这两种分词 在句中一般用作定语和表语。 如: 1. surprising news 令人惊讶的消息 surprised people 感到惊讶的人们 2. an exciting story 一个令人兴奋的故事 excited spectators 感到兴奋的观众 3. a moving film 一部令人感动的影片 a moved audience 感到感动的观众 可以转为现在分记号和过去分词的形式和形容词的及物 动词有:amuse (给……娱乐,有),satisfy (满意),disappoint (失望),encourage(鼓励),inspire(鼓舞),interest discourage (使泄气),frighten(吃惊),bore(使厌烦)。 (二)但有些过去分词形式的形容词虽然由动词变来的, 但它们只表示一个完成的动作,说明被修饰词的性质、特征 或状态,并没有被动意义。如: 1.fallen leaves 落叶 2. a retired worker 退休工人 3.returned students 归国留学生 4.an informed decision 有见识的决定 5.two talented reporters 两个有开赋的记者 6.an experienced teacher 一个有经验的老师 7.an organized way 一个有条理的方法 (三)现在分词和过去分词在时间关系上的区别:在很 多情况下,现在分词所表示的动作往往正在进行,而过去分 词所表示的动作往往表示已经完成,试比较: 1. the changing world 译:正在改变的世界 the changed world 译:已经起了变化的世界 2. boiling water 译: boiled water 译: 3. developing countries 译: developed countries 译: 4. the liberated areas 解放了的地区(解放区) 5. mended clothes 译: 6. a well–written article译: 7. man-made satellites 译:

动词现在分词的变化规则汇总

动词现在分词的变化规则汇总

动词现在分词的变化规则: Ⅰ. 一般在动词末尾直接加ing Ⅱ. 以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e, 再加ing 如: skate --- skating have --- having ride --- riding come --- coming make --- making dance --- dancing write --- writing Ⅲ. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,中间只有一个元音字母,词尾只有一个辅音字母, 应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing

如:goes,teaches,washes等。 3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变为i,再加es, 如: study--studies,try--tries,carry--carries 等。 4、动词have遇在主语是第三人称单数时,have 改为has, 如:He has an interesting book . 5、动词be遇有主语是第一人称单数时,be改为am,遇有主语是第二人称时,be改为are,遇有主语是第三人称单数时,be改为is。 一、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律 动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察。

1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。在t后读[ts],在d后读[dz],如: ①stop-stops [s] ; make-makes [s] ②read-reads [z] ; play-plays [z] 2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如: fly-flies [z]; carry-carries [z] study-studies [z]; worry-worries 3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如: teach-teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz] 4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如: go-goes [z] do-does [z] 下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆。如:

现在分词用法总结

现在分词 一、基础知识: 现在分词(也叫动名词):表示主动和进行。 基本形式:doing 否定式:not doing 被动式:being done 完成式:having done 二、具体用法: 1.动名词作主语和宾语: (1)把一个动词变成-ing形式可以当做名词来用,表示一种经常性、习惯性的动作,可在句中充当主语和宾语。 eg: Working with you is a pleasure. I like reading in my free time. (2)可以用it做形式主语或形式宾语放在前面,再用动名词做真正的主语或宾语放在后面,这种用法常用于以下句式: ①It is/was no use/good doing sth. 做某事是没用的/没有好处的。 eg: It’s no use begging for his mercy. It’s no good smoking too much. ②It is/was a waster of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间的。 eg: It is a waste of time copying others’ homework. ③It is/was worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。 eg: It was worth making the effort. ④There is/was no sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有道理的/意义的。 eg: There is no sense in arguing with your wife. ⑤There is/was no point (in) doing sth. 做某事是没用的/无意义的。 eg: There is no point in getting angry. ⑥There is no shame in doing sth. 做某事是不丢脸的。 eg: There is no shame in saying sorry to your friends. ⑦There is no telling…无法预言会… eg: There is no telling what will happen. ※注意:动名词作主语时,其前可用名词所有格和形容词性物主代词修饰,即one’s doing sth.作主语。 eg: Tom’s being late again made his teacher angry. My going to Beijing University is my parents’ biggest dream. (3)动名词作宾语分为两种情况:动名词后的宾语和介词后的宾语 ①有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语,常见的有: avoid, advise, allow, admit, appreciate, consider, deny, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, risk, escape, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practice, fancy, can’t help, be busy, give up, can’t stand, feel like等。 eg: You must avoid being hurt when crossing the road. ②有些动词后即可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语,常见的有: A: start, begin, intend, attempt, continue等后接doing和to do无区别。 B: like, love, prefer, hate等后接doing和to do略有区别,后接doing侧重经常习惯性的行为,后接to do侧重具体的某一次行为。 eg: I like swimming in summer but today I like to see a film at home

形容词化的过去分词

形容词化的过去分词。 简单介绍如下 形容词化的过去分词,通常失去被动的含义,表示主语存在的状态,可以是表语、状语、补语、定语,我们最熟悉的词莫过于interested 感兴趣 sb be interested in sth. 英语中这样的词很多,有些还能用被动的意思理解如: She was absorbed in the book. 她被这部电影吸引了。/她专心于这本书。 比较常见有: accused(被控告的,被告的) affected(受到打动、或震动的、受(疾病)侵袭的、受到影响的) amused(高兴、开心的) astonished(惊异、吃惊的) annoyed(厌烦的) addicted(有瘾、上瘾的) amazed(惊奇的) absorbed(专心于……的,全神贯注于……的) accustomed(惯常的、通常的;习惯的、适应了的) advanced(先进的、高级的) born(出生的) bored(烦恼的) boiled(煮沸的、煮熟的) based on(以……为基础、在……基础之上) broken(破碎的、碎了的) confused(混乱的、乱七八糟的;困惑的、惶惑的) connected(有关连的;连在一起的) dressed(表衣着情况) delighted(快乐的) devoted(热爱、忠实的;专心于……的;献身于……的) depressed(抑郁的) embarrassed(尴尬的、难为情的) excited(激动的) exposed(暴露的、无遮蔽的) furnished(家具或办公用品装备好的) frozen(冷藏的、冷冻的) frightened(惊吓、害怕的) faced with(面对) hidden(藏着的、藏好的) interested(对……感兴趣的) impressed(铭记在心的、感人的) injured(受伤的、受到伤害的) lost(消失、陷入、丢失、迷路的) located(位于……的)

过去式、过去分词、现在分词变化 规则及练习

动词过去式和过去分词、现在分词的变化规则 一.动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 (一)规则变化 ⑴一般在动词原形后加-ed look call open -- ⑵以-e结尾的动词加-d move hope agree like arrive share -- ⑶以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed study carry try---- 以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed play enjoy stay ⑷末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stop plan step (二)不规则变化-----可分为五种情况。 1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。如cut hit,hurt,put,let,shut,cost,set } 2.过去式与过去分词完全同形。如find,pay,leave,lend,meet,keep,lose,teach,3.动词原形与过去分词同形如come,run,become, 4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。如give,fly,drink,see,5.过去式和过去分词有两种形式

burn,burned burnt burned burnt learn learned learnt learned learnt Smell smelled smelt smelled smelt lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,lie lied, lied(说谎) lie lay, lain(躺,位于) hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种hang hanged, hanged(处绞 刑) hang hung, hung(挂,吊) 二、过去式和过去分词及发音 1. ed在清辅音音素后发音为〔t〕, 2. 在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d] 3. -ed在〔t]、〔d〕后发音为[id] 三、现在分词的变化规则 1 一般在动词原形词尾加-ing,play carry go playing carrying going ) 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing take write leave taking writing leaving 3.重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果词尾只有一个辅音字母,要将该末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ing stop fit begin forget cutting stopping fitting beginning forgetting

(英语语法)现在分词、过去分词和动名词的用法

现在分词和过去分词的用法 1)As Lily missed the bus, she was late for the class. Missing the bus, she was late for the class. 2)As the student was scolded by the teacher, she felt unhappy. scolded by the teacher, she felt unhappy. 一、现在分词 (一)现在分词的定义: 现在分词(Present Participle)(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) ,是分词的一种,由动词原形+ing形式组成。具有双重性,一面具有动词的特征,可以有自己的宾语和状语;另一面具有形容词和副词的特征,可以充当表语,定语,状语,补足语,可以表示主动或正在进行的动作,是非谓语动词的一种。 (二)现在分词的功能与用法: 1. 作定语 单个分词作定语时放在所修饰的名词前,分词短语作定语时放在后,并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系。一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句。 e.g. a running boy→ a boy who is running an old man standing there →an old man who is standing there 例如: The report indicated that 45% of students were in jobs not specific qualifications. A. requiring B. to be required C. being required D. to have required 2. 作补语 只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补: 1)感官动词:see hear watch feel notice observe find listen to look at 2)使役动词:have get make 注意:要想用现在分词来作宾补,只能是用于这些词后,但是并不代表这些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分词(有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补)。 eg. I saw Thomas playing computer games. Don’t have the students studying all day. 注意:宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。 3. 作表语 (1) 分词作表语有两种情况,一种是现在分词作表语,一种是过去分词作表语,究竟是用现在分词还是用过去分词作表语是学生们经常困惑的地方。一般来说,表示心理状态的动词如excite,interest等都是及物动词,汉语意思不是“激动”,“高兴”,而是“使激动”、“使高兴”,因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”,过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以,凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式,凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。这类词常见的有: interesting 使人感到高兴— interested感到高兴的 exciting令人激动的— excited感到激动的

动词的现在分词变化规则

动词的现在分词变化规则 1.一般在词尾加“-ing”help-helping 2.以不发音e结尾的词,先去e,再加“-ing” 例如: live-living 3. 以ie结尾的动词,先将ie变为y,再加ing。例如:lie-lying 4. 以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,要双写这个辅音字母, 然后再加ing 1 .一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking say---saying do→doing, sing→singing, comfort→comforting 2 .以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e,再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having dance----dancing ride----riding write---writing dance→dancing, hike→hiking see→seeing 3. 以重读闭音节结尾,呈现“辅,元,辅”结构的动词,先双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing stop---stopping sit---sitting run---running forget---forgetting begin---beginning

还有:begin,cut, get, hit, run, sit, stop, set, swim, fit, dig, forget等。 4. 以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y ,再加ing die→dying lie---lying 以上规则用一句话概括成的口诀就是:直接双写去e,ie变y ing

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