甘薯粉丝和面机对称蜗管进口的实验室研发外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

外文翻译

专业过程装备与控制工程

学生姓名于亮亮

班级 B装备032班

学号 0310140146 指导教师咸斌.

甘薯粉丝和面机对称蜗管进口的实验室研发

Bingtao Zhao, Henggen Shen, Yanming Kang

翻译：于亮亮摘要：设计三种具有不同几何形状进口的甘薯粉丝和面机,一种是传统的单一切向进口(CTSI),一种是对称的直蜗管进口(DSSI),还有一种是对称的收敛蜗管进口(CSSI)。进口类型对甘薯粉丝和面机工作特性的效果,包括收集效率和压降,本文研究并比较其与粒子大小和流速的关系。实验结果表明对称的蜗管进口(SSI),尤其是CSSI形状进口,随着新增的可忽略压降的条件下越来越多的对收集效率有重要的影响。另外,收集效率和压降的研究结果也包括试验数据和理论模型之间的比较。

关键字:甘薯粉丝和面机;对称的蜗管进口;收集效率;压降。

⒈介绍：

甘薯粉丝和面机广泛应用于空气污染控制领域，为含悬浮微粒气体进行气–固分离等工业应用[1］。由于其制造简单,操作成本低,和对极端的苛刻条件的适应性好,因此无论是应用在工程上还是操作过程上甘薯粉丝和面机成为最主要的除尘装置之一。然而,越来越多的提倡环境保护，气–固分离都强调应该分离出最大量的微尘粒子。为达到这个要求,甘薯粉丝和面机几何学和性能的改善要比替换可更换件来得重要。许多专家认为扩大旋风室是提高甘薯粉丝和面机性能的主要因素,通过引进新设计的进口与操作变量。这包括对一台分离试样的甘薯粉丝和面机的装有多个进口叶片的分馏器的测试并结合其他的研究[2］,德奥特建立一个数学模型来预算小型圆柱多谐振荡器甘薯粉丝和面机的收集效率[3］,穆尔和麦克法伦以莱普勒的典型几何学为基准测试一个有多个进口的甘薯粉丝和面机[4］,高塔姆和斯蒂纳斯设计和测试一个可换气的多进口甘薯粉丝和面机取样器的最小方向偏差[5］,通过分离后的清洁空气来比较一个双进口甘薯粉丝和面机的性能[6］。在本文中,介绍了一些形状研究员设计的不同形状进口的新式进口,和它们对甘薯粉丝和面机的性能效果的实验性研究。

⒉试验性的研究

三种具有不同几何形状进口的甘薯粉丝和面机,包括传统的单一切向进口(CTSI),对称的直蜗管进口(DSSI),和对称的收敛蜗管进口(CSSI),已经研制出了。它们的几何形状和尺寸见Fig1和Table⒈为了测试不同的进口类型所带来的效果,其它的尺寸设计完全相同,仅进口的几何形状不同。

Fig.1 甘薯粉丝和面机形状示意图：(a) Model A 传统的单一切向进口 (b) Model B

对称的收敛蜗管进口 (c) Model C 对称的收敛蜗管

进口。.

Table 1：甘薯粉丝和面机尺寸统计：（单位mm）

Fig.2：试验结构系统示意图

图⒉所示为实验系统机构。压降是由接在甘薯粉丝和面机进口和出口管的两压力计测量的。通过一数字微压计(SINAP ,压差1000-IIIC )读得。收集效率是通过微颗粒大小分析器(SPSI,LKY -2)所得粒度分布计算的。由于Model B,C具有一样对称的进口,所以组合式甘薯粉丝和面机各进口的流速是相等的。并且流速可由阀来控制;运行条件也相同,将浓度为5.0g/m3的粒子用双喷管螺旋给料机喂到进口管中。固体颗粒为滑石粉核心密度的2700kg/m3,按原标准尺寸分配,平均直径的5.97Am,几何偏差为2.08。在这次测试过程中平均大气压,环境温度,和相对湿度分别是

99.93kPa,293K,75%。

⒊结果和讨论

3.1 收集效率

图3显示所测量的甘薯粉丝和面机总效率与流速或者进口速度的关系。正如预料的那样收集效率随进口速度的增加而增加。然而,Model B Model C两甘薯粉丝和面机有着对称的蜗管进口,在同一进口速度下,两者的总效率永远要高于传统的单一切向进口甘薯粉丝和面机(Model A)，特别是有CSSI的甘薯粉丝和面机(Model C)的总效率最高。在测试给定的相同速度条件下,通过改善进口几何形状所带来的甘薯粉丝和面机总效率的增加率分别为0.15–1.15%和0.40–2.40%。

图4(a)–(d) 比较不同进口类型的甘薯粉丝和面机的分级收集效率。在进口速度分别为11.99,16.04,20.18,和23.85m/s时的流速分别为388.34,519.80,653.67,和772.62 m3/h。可见,甘薯粉丝和面机的摩擦效率随粒子大小的增加而增加。所有甘薯粉丝和面机的分级收集效率曲线都呈S形。DSSI(Model b)和CSSI(Model c)甘薯粉丝

和面机的摩擦效率分别比CTSI甘薯粉丝和面机(Model a)大2–10%,5–20%。这表明进口的几何形状对甘薯粉丝和面机的收集效率有着重要的影响。进入有对称的蜗管进口的甘薯粉丝和面机(Model B和C)的粒子容易聚集在甘薯粉丝和面机壁上,因为粒子只能移动很短的位移,尤其CSSI(Model C)改变了粒子分布浓度并使粒子在进入甘薯粉丝和面机的筒体前就从气体中分离了出来.图5根据传统的理论[7–11］比较了流速为653.67m3/h(进口速度为20.18m/s)时的试验数据。很明显,以Mothes /Loffler模型Iozia/ Leith 理论得出的效率曲线比其它的学说所得的曲线更符合试验结果。这些结果与研究进行经过Dirgo、Leith 和Xiang 等人的研究结果相吻合。

Fig.3 不同进口速度下甘薯粉丝和面机的总效率

比较表明有些模型可以推断一个还没有公开的理论结果。但是现有的试验数据理论还不足以推断出流态和粒子浓度分布的变化是对称的蜗管进口对甘薯粉丝和面机性能产生的效果。为了更清楚地验证对称的蜗管进口对甘薯粉丝和面机性能的作用效果,再看图6,表示随着流速或进口速度的变化引起的各个模型的50%切截尺寸。在相同进口速度下model c和model b的50%切截尺寸比model a要低。与进口速度的减少一样,50%切截尺寸也是近似呈线性减少的。例如，当进口速度为20.18m/s时,50%切截尺寸的减少率由model b的9.88%和model c的24.62%决定。这表明新型进口可以促进甘薯粉丝和面机的收集效率。

3.2.压降

甘薯粉丝和面机得压差数值通常表示为一定数量的气体入口速度压头高度差，用压差数值系数表示，压差数值系数是进口动压压差数值的分度。表2列出了在不同的入口速度时这三个甘薯粉丝和面机的压差数值系数值。

显然,甘薯粉丝和面机的压降高低与流速高低有关。然而,一定流速或者入口速度下,A、B和C模式的压力降系数有所不同，在5.21和5.76之间变化，其平均值为5.63。例如模式B在5.22–5.76之间变化，平均值为5.67；模式C在5.16–5.70之间变化平均值为5.55；模式A根据回归分析计算。这是一个重点，因为由此有可能在没有有效的压差值增加的情况下提高气旋收集效率。

表3列出了压降的试验数据与电流理论的比较结果。结果显示Alexander和Barth 模式与试验数据最符合,尽管Shepherd ，Lapple 和Dirgo 气旋模式推算也很出色。

Fig.4 不同进口速度时的选粉效率等级：(a)进口速度为11.99 m/s (b)进口速度为

16.04 m/s (c) 进口速度为20.18 m/s (d) 进口速度为23.85 m/s.

Fig.5 试验所得效率等级与理论的比较50%切截尺寸

Table 2 ：甘薯粉丝和面机的压力损失系数：

Table 3 ：与理论压力损失系数比较：

4、结论

人们发明了一种具有对称的蜗管进口(SSI)，DSSI和CSSI的新型甘薯粉丝和面机,

并且测试和比较了这种进口类型的甘薯粉丝和面机的性能。实验结果显示这种DSSI

甘薯粉丝和面机和CSSI甘薯粉丝和面机的总效率分别比CTSI甘薯粉丝和面机高出

0.15–1.15%和0.40–2.40%。此外,DSSI甘薯粉丝和面机、CSSI甘薯粉丝和面机和CTSI

甘薯粉丝和面机的压力损失系数分别是5.63、5.67和5.55。尽管这些并联进口增加了

甘薯粉丝和面机的复杂程度并加大了其成本,然而具有SSI尤其是CSSI的甘薯粉丝和

面机具有更好的收集效率,而且显著的减少了压力损失。这篇文章介绍了借助于改进

进气道几何形状设计而改善甘薯粉丝和面机性能的可能性。

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中英文文献翻译

毕业设计（论文）外文参考文献及译文 英文题目Component-based Safety Computer of Railway Signal Interlocking System 中文题目模块化安全铁路信号计算机联锁系统 学院自动化与电气工程学院 专业自动控制 姓名葛彦宁 学号 200808746 指导教师贺清 2012年5月30日

Component-based Safety Computer of Railway Signal Interlocking System 1 Introduction Signal Interlocking System is the critical equipment which can guarantee traffic safety and enhance operational efficiency in railway transportation. For a long time, the core control computer adopts in interlocking system is the special customized high-grade safety computer, for example, the SIMIS of Siemens, the EI32 of Nippon Signal, and so on. Along with the rapid development of electronic technology, the customized safety computer is facing severe challenges, for instance, the high development costs, poor usability, weak expansibility and slow technology update. To overcome the flaws of the high-grade special customized computer, the U.S. Department of Defense has put forward the concept：we should adopt commercial standards to replace military norms and standards for meeting consumers’demand [1]. In the meantime, there are several explorations and practices about adopting open system architecture in avionics. The United Stated and Europe have do much research about utilizing cost-effective fault-tolerant computer to replace the dedicated computer in aerospace and other safety-critical fields. In recent years, it is gradually becoming a new trend that the utilization of standardized components in aerospace, industry, transportation and other safety-critical fields. 2 Railways signal interlocking system 2.1 Functions of signal interlocking system The basic function of signal interlocking system is to protect train safety by controlling signal equipments, such as switch points, signals and track units in a station, and it handles routes via a certain interlocking regulation. Since the birth of the railway transportation, signal interlocking system has gone through manual signal, mechanical signal, relay-based interlocking, and the modern computer-based Interlocking System. 2.2 Architecture of signal interlocking system Generally, the Interlocking System has a hierarchical structure. According to the function of equipments, the system can be divided to the function of equipments; the system

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机器人外文翻译

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文献信息： 文献标题：Challenges and opportunities affecting the future of human resource management（影响人力资源管理未来的挑战和机遇） 国外作者：Dianna L. Stone，Diana L. Deadrick 文献出处：《Human Resource Management Review》, 2015, 25(2):139-145 字数统计：英文3725单词，21193字符；中文6933汉字 外文文献： Challenges and opportunities affecting the future of human resource management Abstract Today, the field of Human Resource Management (HR) is experiencing numerous pressures for change. Shifts in the economy, globalization, domestic diversity, and technology have created new demands for organizations, and propelled the field in some completely new directions. However, we believe that these challenges also create numerous opportunities for HR and organizations as a whole. Thus, the primary purposes of this article are to examine some of the challenges and opportunities that should influence the future of HR. We also consider implications for future research and practice in the field. Keywords: Future of human resource management, Globalization, Knowledge economy Diversity, Technology 1.Change from a manufacturing to a service or knowledge economy One of the major challenges influencing the future of HR processes is the change from a manufacturing to a service or knowledgebased economy. This new economy is characterized by a decline in manufacturing and a growth in service or knowledge as the core of the economic base. A service economy can be defined as a system based on buying and selling of services or providing something for others (Oxford

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英文文献翻译

中等分辨率制备分离的 快速色谱技术 W. Clark Still,* Michael K a h n , and Abhijit Mitra Departm(7nt o/ Chemistry, Columbia Uniuersity,1Veu York, Neu; York 10027 ReceiLied January 26, 1978 我们希望找到一种简单的吸附色谱技术用于有机化合物的常规净化。这种技术是适于传统的有机物大规模制备分离，该技术需使用长柱色谱法。尽管这种技术得到的效果非常好，但是其需要消耗大量的时间，并且由于频带拖尾经常出现低复原率。当分离的样本剂量大于1或者2g时，这些问题显得更加突出。近年来，几种制备系统已经进行了改进，能将分离时间减少到1-3h，并允许各成分的分辨率ΔR f≥（使用薄层色谱分析进行分析）。在这些方法中，在我们的实验室中，媒介压力色谱法1和短柱色谱法2是最成功的。最近，我们发现一种可以将分离速度大幅度提升的技术，可用于反应产物的常规提纯，我们将这种技术称为急骤色谱法。虽然这种技术的分辨率只是中等（ΔR f≥），而且构建这个系统花费非常低，并且能在10-15min内分离重量在的样本。4 急骤色谱法是以空气压力驱动的混合介质压力以及短柱色谱法为基础，专门针对快速分离，介质压力以及短柱色谱已经进行了优化。优化实验是在一组标准条件5下进行的，优化实验使用苯甲醇作为样本，放在一个20mm*5in.的硅胶柱60内，使用Tracor 970紫外检测器监测圆柱的输出。分辨率通过持续时间（r）和峰宽（w,w/2）的比率进行测定的（Figure 1），结果如图2-4所示，图2-4分别放映分辨率随着硅胶颗粒大小、洗脱液流速和样本大小的变化。

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英文文献及中文翻译

毕业设计说明书 英文文献及中文翻译 学院：专 2011年6月 电子与计算机科学技术软件工程

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仪表板外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

Dashboard From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about a control panel placed in the front of the car. For other uses, see Dashboard (disambiguation). The dashboard of a Bentley Continental GTC car A dashboard (also called dash, instrument panel (IP), or fascia) is a control panel located directly ahead of a vehicle's driver, displaying instrumentation and controls for the vehicle's operation. Contents 1.Etymology 2.Dashboard features 3.Padding and safety 4.Fashion in instrumentation 5.See also 6.References Etymology Horse-drawn carriage dashboard Originally, the word dashboard applied to a barrier of wood or leather fixed at the front of a horse-drawn carriage or sleigh to protect the driver from mud or other debris "dashed up" (thrown up) by the horses' hooves.[1] Commonly these boards did not perform any additional function other than providing a convenient handhold for ascending into the driver's seat, or a small clip with which to secure the reins when not in use. When the first "horseless carriages" were constructed in the late 19th century, with engines mounted beneath the driver such as the Daimler Stahlradwagen, the simple dashboard was retained to protect occupants from debris thrown up by the cars' front wheels. However, as car design evolved to position the motor in front of the driver, the dashboard became a panel that protected vehicle occupants from the heat and oil of the engine. With gradually increasing mechanical complexity, this panel formed a convenient location for the placement of gauges and minor controls, and from this evolved the modern instrument panel,