自考英语阅读理解

Pool Watch

Swimmers can drown in busy swimming pools when lifeguards fail to notice that they are in trouble. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents says that on average 15 people drown in British pools each year, but many more suffer major injury after getting into difficulties. Now a French company has developed an artificial intelligence system called Poseidon that sounds the alarm when it sees someone in danger of drowning.

When a swimmer sinks towards the bottom of the pool, the new system sends an alarm signal to a poolside monitoring station and a lifeguard's paper. In trials at a pool in Ancenis, near Nantes, it saved a life within just a few months, says Alistair MeQuade, a spokesman for its maker, Poseidon Technologies.

Poseidon keeps watch through a network of underwater and overheard video cameras. AI software analyses the images to work out swimmers trajectories. To do this reliably, it has to tell the difference between a swimmer and the shadow of someone being cast onto the bottom or side of the pool. “The underwater environment is a very dynamic one, with many shadows and reflections dancing around.” Says McQuade.

The software does this by “projecting” a shape in its field of view onto an image of the far wall of the pool. It does the same with an image from another camera viewing the shape from a different angle. If the two projections are in the same position, the shape is identified as a shadow and is ignored. But if they are different, the shape is a swimmer and so the system follows its trajectory.

To pick out potential drowning victims, anyone in the water who starts to descend slowly is added to the softwa re's “pre-alert” list, says McQuade. Swimmers who then stay immobile on the pool bottom for 5 seconds or more are considered in danger of drowning. Poseidon double-checks that the image really is of a swimmer, not a shadow, by seeing whether it obscures the pool's floor texture when viewed from overhead. If so, it alerts the lifeguard, showing the swimmer's location on a poolside screen.

The first full-scale Poseidon system will be officially opened next week at a pool in High Wycombe. Buckinghamshire. One man who is impressed with the idea is Travor Baylis, inventor of the clockwork radio. Baylis runs a company that installs swimming pools—and he was once an underwater escapologist with a circus. “I say full marks to them if this works and can save lives,” he says. But he adds that any local authority spending ￡30,000-plus on a Poseidon system ought to be investing similar amounts in teaching children to swim.

1. AI means the same as

A. an image.

B. an idea.

C. anyone in the water.

D. artificial intelligence.

2. What is required of AI software to save a life?

A. It must be able to swim.

B. It must keep walking round the pool.

C. It can distinguish between a swimmer and a shadow.

D. It can save a life within a few months.

3. How does Poseidon save a life?

A. He plunges into the pool.

B. It alerts the lifeguard.

C. He cries for help.

D. It rushes to the pool.

4. Which of the following statements about Trevor baylis is NOT true?

A. He runs.

B. He invented the clockwork radio.

C. He was once an entertainer.

D. He runs a company.

5. The word “considered” in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by

A. “thought”.

B. “rated”.

C. “regarded”.

D. “believed”.

31. Pool Watch（综B）

1) AI means the same as

AI的意思是_________________。

2) What is required of AI software to save a life?

智能软件挽救寿命的方式是_________________。

3) How does Poseidon save a life?

P同志挽救生命的方式是____________。

4) Which of the following statements about Trevor baylis is NOT true?

关于TB同志的观点不正确的是__________。

5) The word “considered” in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by

consider的意思是_________________。

31. Pool Watch（综B）

1) artificial intelligence.

人工智能

2) It can distinguish between a swimmer and a shadow.

它能够区分游泳者与阴影

3) It alerts the lifeguard.

提醒救生员

4) He runs.

他跑步

5) “rated”.

Rated

The Cherokee Nation

魁网考试通：职称英语模拟试题专栏

The Cherokee Nation

Long before the white man came to the America, the land b elonged to the American Indian nations. The nation of the Cherokees lived in What is now the southeastern part of the United States.

After the white man came, the Cherokees copied many of their ways. One Cherokee named Sequoyah saw how important reading and writing was to the white man. He decided to invent a way to write down the spoken Cherokee language. He began by making word pictures. For each word he drew a picture. But that proved impossible-there were just too many words. Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the language. Using this own imagination and an English spelling book, Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound. His alphabet proved amazingly easy to learn. Before long, many Cherokees knew how to read and write in their own language. By 1828, they were even printing their own newspaper.

In 1830, the U.S. Congress passed a law. It allowed the government to remove Indians from their lands. The Cherokees refused to go. They had lived on their lands for centuries. It belonged to them. Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi River?

The army was sent to drive the Cherokees out. Soldiers surrounded their villages and marched them at gunpoint into the western territory. The sick, the old and the small children went in carts, along with their belongings. The rest of the people marched on foot or rode on horseback. It was November, yet many of them still wore their summer clothes. Cold and hungry, the Cherokees were quickly exhausted by the hardships of the journey. Many dropped dead and were buried by the roadside. When the last group arrived in their new home in March 1839, more than 4,000 had died. It was indeed a march of death.

2. one of the ways that Sequoyah copied from the white man is the way of

A) writing down the spoken language.

B) Making word pictures.

C) Teaching his people reading.

D) Printing their own newspaper.

3. A law was passed in 1830 to

A) allow the Cherokees to stay where they were.

B) Send the army to help the Cherokees.

C) Force the Cherokees to move westward.

D) Forbid the Cherokees to read their newspaper.

4. When the Cherokees began to leave their lands.

A) they went in carts.

B) They went on horseback.

C) They marched on foot.

D) All of the above. <

5. Many Cherokees died on their way to their new home mainly because

A) they were not willing to go there.

B) The government did not provide transportation

C) They did not have enough food and clothes.

D) The journey was long and boring.

KEY：BACDC

*第三十二篇The Cherokee Nation 文章名称

问题

答案

The Cherokee Nation

32. The Cherokee Nation（综B）

1) The Cherokee Nation used to live

2) One of the ways that Sequoyah copied from the white man is the way of

3) A law was passed in 1830 to

4) When the Cherokees began to leave their lands.

5) Many Cherokees died on their way to their new home mainly because 32. The Cherokee Nation（综B）

1) in the southeastern part of the US.

2) writing down the spoken language.

3) force the Cherokees to move westward.

4) all of the above.

5) they did not have enough food and clothes.

柴罗基部落

32. The Cherokee Nation（综B）

①切诺基部落过去住在_________________。

②S同志向白人学习的方法是_________________。

③1830年通过的法律的内容是_________________。

④切诺基人离开家园的方式是_________________。

⑤切诺基人死亡的原因是_________________。

32. 柴罗基部落（综B）

①美国东南部

②记录切诺基口语

③强迫切诺基人搬到西部

④All of the above

⑤没有足够的衣服和食物

A Ride in a Cable-car

A ride in a cable-car is one of the exciting and enjoyable experiences a child can have. In Switzerland, which is the home of the cable-car, it is used mostly to take tourists up the slope of a mountain, to a restaurant from which one can have a bird-eye view of the surrounding country, or to a top of a ski-run, from which, in winter, skiers glide down the snow covered the slope on skis. In Singapore, however, the cable-car takes one from the summit of a hill on the main island to a low hill on Sentosa, a resort island just off the southern coast.

The cable-car is really a carriage which hangs from a strong steel cable suspended in the air. It moves along the cable with other cars on pulleys, the wheels of which are turned by electric motors. The cars are painted in eye-catching colours and spaced at regular intervals. Each car can seat up six persons. After the passengers have entered a car, they are locked in from outside by an attendant, they have no control over the movement of the car.

Before long, the passengers get a breath-taking view through the glass windows of the modern city, the bustling harbour, and the several islands off the coast. The car is suspended to a high in the air that slips on the sea look like small boats, and boats like toys. On a clear day, both the sky above and the sea below look beautifully blue.

In contrast to the fast-moving traffic on the ground, the cars in the air move in a leisurely manner, allowing passengers more than enough time to take in the scenery during the brief trip to the island of Sentosa. After a few hours on Sentosa, it will be time again to take a cable-car back to Mount Faber. The return journey is no less exciting than the outward trip.

1. The cable-car in Singapore

A)takes visitors up to a mountain restaurant.

B)takes skiers to the top of a ski-run.

C)takes visitors to Sentosa.

D)takes visitors to a high mountain.

2. Which of the following about the cable-cars is true?

A)The cars move along the steel cable.

B)The cars are operated by a driver.

C)The cars are controlled by the passengers.

D)The cars move on wheels.

3. Passengers can get a breath-taking view when riding in a cable-car because

A)The car is painted in eye-catching colours.

B)The car is suspended so high in the sky.

C)Each car can seat up to six persons.

D)Both the sky and the sea look beautifully blue.

4. The short trip does not bother passengers who want a good view because

A)the cars move slowly.

B)the cars move quickly.

C)the cars are suspended very high.

D)the cars have glass windows.

5. The last sentence of the passage "The return journey is no less exciting than the outward trip", means

A) "The return trip is less boring than the outward ones."

B) "The return trip is more enjoyable than the outward ones."

C) "The return trip is as thrilling as the outward one"

D) "Both the outward and the return trips are uninteresting."

Key：CABAC

转自:育路职称英语考试网

W ANT to be the next Xu Sanduo? The TV drama Soldiers' Sortie (Shibing Tuji) might have caused millions of young people to dream idly of putting on an army uniform and going off to boot camp2.

In fact, a large number of students graduating might consider doing just that. Last month, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) announced that there will be 120,000 job openings this year for college grads3. So, one out of every 50 grads has a chance if he or she would like to march down to the local recruiting office. Anyone enlisting will get preferential treatment in tuition compensation and in job ortunities.

This decision comes against a backdrop of bad employment news and a cooling economy. This year's recruitment quota outnumbers last year's 39,000 by about three-fold.

"It's important to pull in fresh, talented people who can deal with the new equipment and a high-tech military to modernize the nation's defense," said Bai Zixing, a senior officer in the PLA General Staff Department4.

The age limit for college recruits has been raised to 24, and there's one more important policy change: Grads who have already volunteered to sign up can quit if they change their minds after finding another job before November, the deadline for enlistment. This gives grads an extra choice in starting a career.

The following is a list of preferential things that college grads qualify for if they join the army:

A one-time recruitment payment of up to 24,000 yuan, to cover four years of college tuition and loans (this has to be returned if the person is forced to leave the army before completing the

service contract).

Priority in promotions and in getting admitted to military academies.

Anyone with a bachelor's degree or above and a good performance record can be promoted to the rank of officer directly, if they meet certain other criteria. An ordinary soldier may need a couple of years longer to get there.

Anyone with a junior college5 degree can go on for a bachelor's degree without having to take the entrance exams.

Anyone wanting to take the grad school entrance exam after completing their service can add 10 points to the exam results.

Anyone getting a merit citation second class can enter grad school without taking the exam after completion of the service obligation.

There are no restrictions on things like going abroad after the service period, unless one deals with confidential work in the army.

词汇：

sortie n. 突击、突围

enlistment n. 服役期间

outnumber vt. 在数量上超过(某人)

注释：

1. Soldiers' Sortie 《士兵突击》是2006 年开始在中国热播的一部电视剧。

2. boot camp：美国英语中表示训练新兵的营地。

3. grads：graduates 的缩写，指大学毕业生。

4. General Staff Department：(中国人民解放军)总参谋部。

5. junior college：指专科院校

练习：

1. According to the passage, all of the following reasons mak(本文来源于贵州学习网https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0a4443931.html,]e many college grads choose to join the army EXCEPT:

A) The Story of Xu Sanduo causes young people to dream to put on a uniform.

B) The grads are facing a grim employment situation.

C) The pay from the PLA is relatively higher than the grads can earn in other jobs.

D) The PLA offers a series of preferential treatments for college grads who join the army.

2. It can be inferred that about students graduating consider join the army.

A) 120,000

B) 6,000,000

C) 39,000

D) 2,000,000

3. Besides the backdrop of bad employment news and a cooling economy, which of

the following causes the PLA to raise this year's recruitment quota?

A) The TV drama Soldiers' Sortie is high in the ratings.

B) The PLA wants to attract high-quality personnel to meet the need of hitech

sector in the nation's defense.

C) The PLA is increasing the size of the army.

D) Some students who have already volunteered to sign up may change their minds.

*第三十四篇（新增）Career With a Uniform 文章名称

问题

答案

Career With a Uniform

34. Career With a Uniform（综B）1) According to the passage, all of the following reasons make many college grads choose to join the army EXCEPT:

2) It can be inferred that about students graduating consider join the army.

3) Besides the backdrop of bad employment news and a cooling economy, which of the following causes the PLA to raise this year's recruitment quota?

4) Why does the author think that the grads are given an extra chance in starting a career?

5) The word confidential in the last paragraph could best be replaced by 34. Career With a Uniform（综B）

1) The pay from the PLA is relatively higher than the grads can earn in other jobs.

2) 6,000,000

3) The PLA wants to attract high-quality personnel to meet the need of hi-tech sector in the nation's defense.

4) Grads who have already volunteered to sign up can give up before the deadline for enlistment if they can find another job that is more suitable.

5) secret

穿军装的职业

穿军装的职业（综B）①根据文章，除______之外下面的选项是使大学毕业生选择参军的原因中。②从文章可以推知，大概_______大学毕业生考虑参军。③除了令人失望的就业率这一不好的新闻和萎靡不振的经济形势下面哪一项是解放军今年大规模招募人才的原因________。④为什么作者认为毕业生给予了额外的就业机会_____________。⑤在最后一段的单词“confidential”可以被_____代替。穿军装的职业（综B）①大学生参军的工资待遇比其他工作所提供的薪酬高。②6,000,000 ③解放军想吸引高素质人才来适应科技强军、国防现代化的需要。④毕业生在征兵工作结束前找到其他更理想的工作，仍可改变主意，放弃参军。⑤保密性的。

*第三十五篇（新增）Dorm Food More Comfy 文章名称

问题

答案

Dorm Food More Comfy

35. Dorm Food More Comfy（综B）1) Which of the following is not mentioned as a basic equipment in today's student dorms?

2) Which of the following statements is true according to the author?

3) The following food are among Sodexo's top campus foods for 2009 EXCEPT:

4) Which of the following statements about Angelo Berti is NOT true?

5) What does Angelo Berti mean by saying "The meal is your canvas"? 35. Dorm Food More

Comfy（综B）

1) TV sets

2) US college students want their dining options to be more flexible and personalized.

3) Italian Pizza

4) He teaches cooking in a cooking school.

5) Cooking is a good way to express oneself freely.

宿舍烹饪之风流行

35. Dorm Food More Comfy（综B）①下面哪一个未提及到作为今天学生宿舍的必需品？

②作者认为以下哪个观点是正确的_____________。③以下除__________之外都属于2009年Sodexo最受欢迎的校园食品。④以下有关Angelo Berti的说法不正确的是_____________ 。⑤Angelo Berti说：“这顿饭犹如你的油画”。这句话意思是什么？35．宿舍烹饪之风流行（综B) ①电视②美国的大学生想让他们的饮食选择更加灵活和个性化。

③意大利匹萨④他在烹饪学校教授厨艺。⑤做饭是自由表达自我的一个很好的途径或方式。

From: https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0a4443931.html,/zcyy/ligong/yuedu/2010-07-20/116002.html

*第三十五篇 Dorm Food More Comfy

Once upon a time, eating in an American college dorm meant soup in a hotpot or getting pizza delivered. The most interesting thing about the campus dining hall was often the salad bar.

No more. These days, US college students have refined tastes and a growing interest in preparing their own food. Mini-refrigerators and microwaves in dorm rooms are as essential as laptops.

"The cooking awareness of college students is increasing," said Tom Post,pr esident of campus dining for Sodexo, a major food service company. "Students to day grew up watching celebrity chefs on TV, eating organic food and valuing goo d nutrition."

In response, cafeteria menus have changed. Sodexo's top campus foods for 20 09 include Vietnamese noodle soup, goat cheese salad, and Mexican chicken.

But colleges are also catering to student demands for more flexible and per sonalized dining options.

Chartwells, the company that prepares food for dining halls at Ohio Wesleya n University in the state of Ohio, offers microwaveable meals that "students ca

n take away, as well as a program where students can have food individually pre pared. Or they can even do their own cooking.

This fall, Sarah Lawrence College in New York will offer students on its me al plan a chance to pick up groceries in the cafeteria as an alternative to a c ooked meal.

"Students want things that are easy to make, things that don't take long an d will still taste good," said Rachel Holcomb, a University of Massachusetts-Am herst student who updated recipes for the new edition of The Healthy College Co okbook.

Angelo Berti, a chef at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester,Massachu setts, teaches cooking in dorm kitchens. But Berti says he's not just teaching recipes. He's encouraging students to use dining together as a way to socialize and as a means of self-expression; "The meal is your canvas," Bertisaid. "You paint .what you want."

That's why at the College of William & Mary in Virginia, students produce a cooking show filmed in a dorm called "Everyday Gourmet". One episode was "Date Night Cooking: A 3-Course meal for under $20," featuring grilled chicken stuff ed with goat cheese and basil.

词汇：

comfy adj. (口)舒适的

canvas n. 画布;油画

laptop n. 膝上型电脑

gourmet n. 美食家

cafeteria n.自助食堂

basil n. 罗勒

注释：

标题意思为(美国)宿舍烹饪这风流行。

练习：

1. Which of the following is not mentioned as a basic equipment in today's

student dorms?

A) fridges

B) microwaves

C) notebook computer

D) TV sets

2. Which of the following statements is true according to the author?

A) The salad bar is still the most interesting food to them up to now,

B) Today Pizza remains the most popular food to US college students.

C) US college students want their dining options to be more flexible and pe rsonalized.

D) Colleges have made no changes to meet students' needs.

3. The following food are among Sodexo's top campus foods for 2009 EXCEPT:

A) Italian Pizza

B) Vietnamese noodle soup

C) goat cheese salad

D) Mexican chicken

4. Which of the following statements about Angelo Berti is NOT true?

A) He is a chef at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester,

Massachusetts.

B) He teaches cooking in a cooking school.

C) He believes that cooking means more than preparing food following the re cipes,

D) He regards dining together as a good way to expand the circle of friend s.

5. What does Angelo Berti mean by saying "The meal is your canvas"?

A) Cooking is so boring that it is not worthy for students to have a try.

B) College students should make their meal as simple as possible.

C) Cooking is a good way to express oneself freely.

D) If one wants to become a successful cook, he'd better learn painting fir st

答案与题解：

1.D 第二段末尾提及现在美国的大学宿舍里，小冰箱和微波炉和笔记本电脑一样成为了必需品，惟独没有提及电视。

2.C 第四段最后一句说美国的大学在尽量满足学生对于饮食更加灵活和个性化的要求。

3.A 第四段说Sodexo2009 年最受欢迎的校园食品包括B、C 和D 选项。

4.B 从倒数第二段可知，Angelo Berti 教授厨艺的地点并非烹饪学校，而是大学学生寝室的厨房。

5.C 从该句的上下文可知，Angelo Berti 说“The meal is your canvas”的真实意思是做饭是自由表达自我的一个很好的途径或方式。

*第三十五篇（新增）Dorm Food More Comfy 文章名称

问题

答案

Dorm Food More Comfy

35. Dorm Food More Comfy（综B）1) Which of the following is not mentioned as a basic equipment in today's student dorms?

2) Which of the following statements is true according to the author?

3) The following food are among Sodexo's top campus foods for 2009 EXCEPT:

4) Which of the following statements about Angelo Berti is NOT true?

5) What does Angelo Berti mean by saying "The meal is your canvas"? 35. Dorm Food More Comfy（综B）

1) TV sets

2) US college students want their dining options to be more flexible and personalized.

3) Italian Pizza

4) He teaches cooking in a cooking school.

5) Cooking is a good way to express oneself freely.

宿舍烹饪之风流行

35. Dorm Food More Comfy（综B）①下面哪一个未提及到作为今天学生宿舍的必需品？

②作者认为以下哪个观点是正确的_____________。③以下除__________之外都属于2009年Sodexo最受欢迎的校园食品。④以下有关Angelo Berti的说法不正确的是_____________ 。⑤Angelo Berti说：“这顿饭犹如你的油画”。这句话意思是什么？35．宿舍烹饪之风流行（综B) ①电视②美国的大学生想让他们的饮食选择更加灵活和个性化。

③意大利匹萨④他在烹饪学校教授厨艺。⑤做饭是自由表达自我的一个很好的途径或方式。

From: https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0a4443931.html,/zcyy/ligong/yuedu/2010-07-20/116002.html

A Tale of Scottish Rural Life

Lewis Grasses Gibbon's Sunset Song (1932) was voted "the best Scottish novel of all time" by Scotland's reading public in 2005. Once considered shocking for its frank description of aspects of the lives of Scotland's poor rural farmers, it has been adapted for stage, film, TV and radio in recent decades.

The novel is set on the fictional estate of Kin Addie, in the farming country of the Scottish northwest in the years up to and beyond World War I. At its heart is the story of Chris, who is both part of the community and a little outside it.

Grasses Gibbon gives us the most detailed and intimate account of the life of his heroine（女主人公）. We watch her grow through a childhood dominated by her cruel but hard-working father；experience tragedy(her mother's suicide and murder of her twin children); and learn about her feelings as she grows into a woman. We see her marry, Lose her husband, then marry again. Chris has seemed so convincing a figure to some female readers that they cannot, believe that she is the creation of a man.

But it would be misleading to suggest that this book is just about Chris. It is truly a novel of a place and its people. Its opening section tells of Kin Addie's long

history, in a language that imitates the place's changing patterns of speech and writing.

The story itself is amazingly full of characters and incidents. It is told from Chris' point of view but also from that of the gossiping community, a community where everybody knows everybody else's business and nothing is ever forgotten.

Sunset Song has a social theme too. It is concerned with what Grasses Gibbon perceives as the destruction of traditional Scottish rural life first by modernization and then by World War I. Gibbon tried hard to show how certain characters resist the war. Despite this, the war takes the young men away, a number of them to their deaths. In particular, it takes away Chris' husband, Evan Avondale. The war finally kills Evan, but not in the way his widow is told, In fact. The Germans aren't responsible for his death, but his own side. He is shot because he is said to have run away from a battle.

If the novel is about the end of one way of life it also looks ahead. It is a "Sunset Song" but is concerned too with the new Kin Addie, indeed of the new European world. Grasses Gibbon went on to publish two other novels about the place that continue its story.

41. What is Sunset Song mainly about?

A. The First World War.

B. The beauty of the sunset.

C. The new European world.

D. The lives of rural Scottish farmers

42. Which statement is NOT true of Chris?

A. She is the heroine of Sunset Song.

B. She had a miserable childhood.

C. She is the creation of man.

D. She married only once.

43. What is the opening section of the novel mainly concerned with?

A .The climate of Kin Addie. B. The history of Kin Addie.

C. The geography of Kin Addie.

D. The language spoken in Kin Addie.

44. Who killed Chris' husband, Evan?

A. His own troops.

B. The French army

C. The Germans.

D. The Russian soldiers.

45. The word "Sunset" in the title of this novel most probably means

A. the end of the heroine's life.

B. the end often story.

C. the end of the traditional way of life.

D. the end of the day.

*第三十六篇A Tale of Scottish Rural Life 文章名称

问题

答案

A Tale of Scottish Rural Life

36. A Tale of Scottish Rural Life（综B）

1) What is Sunset Song mainly about?

2) Which statement is NOT true of Chris?

3) What is the opening section of the novel mainly concerned with?

4) Who are responsible for Evan's death, according to Chris?

5) The word sunset occurring in the title of the novel most probably means

36. A Tale of Scottish Rural Life（综B）

1) The lives of rural Scottish farmers.

2) She married only once.

3) The history of Kinraddie.

4) The Germans.

5) the end of traditional life.

一个关于苏格兰乡村的故事

36. A Tale of Scottish Rural Life（综B）

①《日落歌》主要讲的是_______________。

②对Chris的陈述_________________是不对的？

③小说的开头部分主要说了______________。

④根据Chris, 谁对Evan的死负有责任？

⑤小说题目中sunset这个词的意思很可能是。

36．一个关于苏格兰乡村的故事（综B）

①苏格兰农夫的生活

②她只结过一次婚

③Kinraddie 的历史

④德国人

⑤传统生活方式的结束

From: https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0a4443931.html,/zcyy/ligong/yuedu/2010-07-20/116001.html

第三十七篇

Who Wants to Live Forever?

If your doctor could give you a drug that would let you live a healthy life for twice as long， would you take it?

The good news is that we may be drawing near to that date. Scientists have already extended the lives of flies， worms and mice in laboratories. Many now think that using genetic treatments we will soon be able to extend human life to at least 140 years.

This seems a great idea. Think of how much more time we could spend chasing our dreams， spending time with our loved ones， watching our families grow and have families of their own.

"Longer life would give us a chance to recover from our mistakes and promote long term thinking，" says Dr Gregory Stock of the University Of California School Of Public Health. "It would also raise productivity by adding to the year we can work."

Longer lives don‘t just affect the people who live them. They also affect society as a whole. "We have war， poverty， all sorts of issues around， and I don‘t think any of them would be at all helped by having people live longer，" says US bioethicist Daniel Callahan. "The question is ‘What will we get as a society?‘ I suspect it won‘t be a bet ter society."

It would certainly be a very different society. People are already finding it more difficult to stay married. Divorce rates are rising. What would to marriage

in a society where people lived for 140 years? ‘And what would happen to family life if nine or 10 generations of the same family were all alive at the same time?

Research into ageing may enable women to remain fertile for longer. And that raises the prospect of having 100-year-old parents， or brothers and sisters born 50 years apart1. We think of an elder sibling as someone， who can protect us and offer help and advice. That would be hard to do if that sibling came from a completely different generation.

Working life would also be affected， especially if the retirement age was lifted. More people would stay in work for longer. That would give us the benefits of age - skill， wisdom and good judgment.

On the other hand， more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals， making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?

Young people would be a smaller part of a society in which people lived to 140. It may be that such a society would place less importance on guiding and educating young people， and more on making life comfortable for the old.

And society would feel， very different if more of its members were older. There would be more wisdom， but less energy: Young people like to move about. Old people like to sit still. Young people tend to act without thinking. Old people tend to think without acting. Young people are curious and like to

experience .different things. Old people are less enthusiastic about change. In fact， they are less enthusiastic about everything.

The effect of anti-ageing technology is deeper than we might think. But as the science advances， we need to think about these changes now.

"If this could ever happen，then we‘d better ask what kind of society we want to get，" says Daniel Callahan. "‘We had better not go anywhere near it2 until we have figure those problems out."

词汇：

Mice n. 老鼠（复数）

bioethicist n. 生物伦理学家

Sibling n. 兄弟姐妹

注释：

1. brothers and sisters born 50 years apart 出生年份相隔50年的兄弟姐妹

2. We had better not go anywhere near it 我们最好离它远点，这里的it指代前面讲的anti-ageing technology。

*第三十七篇Who Wants to Live Forever? 文章名称

问题

答案

Who Wants to Live Forever?

37. Who Wants to Live Forever? （综B）

1) Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the things that living longer might enable an individual to do?

2) Which of the following is implied in the sixth paragraph?

3) All of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT

4) An important feature of a society in which people live a long life is that

5) Which of the following best describes Callahan's attitude to anti-ageing technology?

37. Who Wants to Live Forever? （综B）

1) Having more education.

2) Marriages in the US today are quite unstable.

3) More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees.

4) it lacks the curiosity to experiment what is new

5) Reserved.

谁想永生

37. Who Wants to Live Forever? （综B）

①人活的长可以单独去做的事情，下面没提及的是_____。

②第六段暗示了____________________。

③下列哪个选项说人们的长命不会影响到工作生活

④一个长命社会的重要特征是______________。

⑤Callahan对抗衰老技术的看法是___________________。

37．谁想永生（综B）

①更多地接受教育

②婚姻在今天的美国十分不稳定

③雇佣者需要更多的钱来支付员工的工资。

④对所有新事物缺乏好奇心

⑤保留的

From: https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0a4443931.html,/zcyy/ligong/yuedu/2010-07-20/116001.html

2011年职称英语综合类B级阅读理解新增文章

教材第三十八篇文章

Excessive Demands on Young People

Being able to multitask is hailed by most people as a welcome skill，but not according to a recent study which claims that young people between the ages of eight and eighteen of the so-called Generation M1 are spending a considerable amount of their time in fruitless efforts as they multitask. It argues that, in fact, these young people are frittering away as much as half of their time again as they would if they performed the very same tasks one after the other.

Some young people are juggling an ever larger number of electronic devices as they study. At the same time that they are working, young adults are also surfing on the Internet, or sending out emails to their friends, and／or answering the telephone and listening to music on their iPods2 or On another computer. As some new device comes along it too is added to the list rather than replacing one of the existing devices.

Other research has indicated that this multitasking is even affecting the way families themselves function as young people are too wrapped up3 in their own isolated worlds to interact with the other people around them. They can no longer greet family members when they enter the house nor can they eat at the family table.

All this electronic wizardry is supposedly also seriously affecting young people's performance at university and in the workplace. When asked about their perception of the impact of modern gadgets on their performance of tasks, the overwhelming majority of young people gave a favourable response.

The response from the academic and business worlds was not quite as positive. The former feel that multitasking with electronic gadgets by children affects later development of study skills, resulting in a decline in the quality of writing, for example, because of the lack of concentration on task completion. They feel that many undergraduates now urgently need remedial help with study skills. Similarly, employers feel that young people entering the workforce need to be taught all over again, as they have become deskilled.

While all this may be true, it must be borne in mind4 that more and more is expected of young people nowadays; in fact, too much. Praise rather than criticism is due in respect of5 the way today's youth are able to cope despite what the older generation throw at them．

词汇：

excessive adj．过多的，额外

interact vi．交流，沟通，互动

multitask vi．同时进行多个任务

wizardry n．魔力，法术

supposedly adv．据认为，据推测

hail vt．赞扬

performance n．表现，行为

claim vt．声称，主张

perception n．认识，看法，见解

considerable adj. 相当大的，相当多的

impact n. 影响，作用

gadget n. 小巧的机械装置

fritter vt. 消费，浪费

overwhelming adj. 压倒性的

juggle vt. 耍弄，玩耍

majority n. 大多数

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2014年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）标准试题 (课程代码：00015) 第一部分：阅读判断题(每题1分，共10分) 下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供 的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。 Running: Sport or Way of Life? You go through the channels several times and find that once again there's nothing on TV that interests you. Not a problem! Just put on some running shoes and comfortable clothes and go for a run. One of the best things about the sport of running is that you don't need expensive equipment. All you need is a good pair of running shoes and a safe environment. But don't be fooled into thinking the sport of running is easy It requires discipline and concentration. Running is good for you both physically and mentally. It strengthens your heart lungs and muscles? It makes you more aware of your body. Running also improves your body so that you don't get sick as easily. It can even help you to stay more focused in school because exercise helps you to think more clearly. How do you get engaged in the sport if you don't know much about it? Most schools offer running programs. A simple internet search can help some in your find area. Then programs show you how running can offer competition or just be for fun. They also teach runners to set practical goals and take care of their bodies. Runners have great respect for each other because they know how difficult the sport can be. If you go to a race you'll see people cheering for all the runners. Running isn't always about how fast you are or how far you're going. It's about getting out there and doing it. Participation is more important than competition and effort is recognized over talent. If you're looking for more than just a sport running may be the perfect choice for you 1. You may find it interesting in go for A run. A. True B. False C. Not Given 2. The sport of running is easy. A True B. False C. Not Given 3. It is hard to End n safe environment for running.

自考英语(二)阅读理解辅导(7)

自考英语(二)阅读理解辅导(7) Jet Lag: Prevention and Cure The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveller comes across at some time. But do you have to suffer? Understand what it is, and how a careful diet can minimize its worst effects, and your flights will be less stressful. The effects of rapid travel on the body are actually far more disturbing than we realize. Jet Lag is not a psychological consequence of having to readjust to a different time zone. It is due to changes in the body's physiological regulatory mechanisms, specifically the hormonal systems, in a different environment. Confused? So was John Foster Dulles, the American Secretary of State, when he flew to Egypt to conduct negotiations on the Aswan Dam. He later blamed his poor judgement on Jet Lag. The effects can be used to advantage, too. President Johnson once conducted an important meeting in Guam and kept the entire proceedings at Washington DC time. The White House working personnel were as fresh as paint, while the locals, in this case, were jet-lagged. Essentially, they had been instantaneously transported to America. Now that we understand what Jet Lag is, we can go some way to overcoming it. A great number of the body's events are scheduled to occur at a certain time of day. Naturally these have to be regulated, and there are two regulatory systems which interact. One timing system comes from the evidence of our senses and stomachs, and the periodicity we experience when living in a particular time zone. The other belongs in our internal clocks (the major one of which may be physically located in a part of the brain called the suprachiasmatic nucleus) which, left alone, would tie the body to a 25 hour - yes, 25 - rhythm. Normally the two timers are in step, and the external cues tend to regularise the internal clocks to the more convenient 24 hour period. If, however, you move the whole body to a time zone which is four hours different, the two clocks will be out of step, like two alarm clocks which are normally set together, but which have been reset a few hours apart. Whereas the two clocks would normally sound their alarms together, now they ring at different times. Similarly, the body can be set for evening while the sun is rising. In time the physiological system will reset itself, but it does take time. One easily monitored rhythm is palm sweating. A man flown to a time zone different by 10 hours will take eight days to readjust his palm sweat. Blood pressure, which is also rhythmical, takes four days to readjust.