定语从句总结 精辟
1.定语从句: 1) 定语从句的定义
在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词包括关系代词who(宾格whom,所有格whose),that, which 和关系副词where, when, why 等。
The boy who is wearing a black coat bought a dictionary yesterday.
The noodles that（which）my mother cooked were delicious.
The school where I learned judo was very large.
I remember the day when our band was formed.
I do n’t know the reason why she got so angry this morning.
2) 定语从句的种类：定语从句可以分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。
(1)限定性定语从句：它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。如果关系代词在限定性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词通常可以省略。
Do you know the girl who just came in?
Shanghai is a city（that）I’ve always wanted to visit.
Her sister married a man (who/whom/that) she met on a plane.
The time when I first met Mr. White was a very difficult period of my life.
(2)非限定性定语从句：它只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。非限定性定语从句一般不用that 引导，而且不可以省略关系词。
The old woman, who lives on her own, has a cat for company.
Lori is going to marry Mark, whom she does not love.
Beijing, which is the capital city of China, is a very beautiful city.
3) 关系代词的用法：在定语从句中，关系代词起着连接主句与从句，指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。关系代词的选用取决于主句中的先行词以及关系代词在从句中作何种成分。
一．关系代词who, whom 的用法
（1）who 可以代替人（即它的先行词必须是人），在从句中担任主语，往往也可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom,但它的前面不能有介词，如果带介词则必须用宾格whom，即“介词+whom”. . Jonny is a person who always has novel ideas.
The girl who the first prize in the contest is from Zhejiang.
The person who/whom you just talked to is Mr. Depp.
---The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Depp. (介词to提到定语从句前，只能用whom.)
We’ll go to the hospital to see the patients, most of whom are children.
(whom 前常用表示数量的词none/neither/both/each/all of…)
(2)在定语从句中，who, that 指人时可以通用，但在下列情况下用who,而不用that.
A) 先行词是one, ones, anyone 时，宜用who.
One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.
The ones who flatter me don’t please me. Anyone who laughs last laughs best.
Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized.
B) 先行词为those 时，宜用who. Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.
No words are strong enough to express our thanks to those who worked hard to rescue survivors in the earthquake.
C) 当先行词有较长的后置定语时，宜用who.
I met a girl in the street yesterday who grew up in Yunnan province.
D) 一个句子中带有两个定语从句时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词时that，另一个宜用who. . The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard.
E) 在there be 开头的句子中，事宜用who.
There is a young man who wants to see your father. There was a king who was kind to his people.
There are many old men who are against this plan.
二．关系代词whose 的用法：关系代词whose 是关系代词who 的所有格形式，它既可以代人，也可以代物。当whose 代物时，相当于of which. Whose 引导的定语从句既可以是限定性定语从句，也可以是非限定性定语从句。
Do you know Peter whose father happens to be working in your company?
The tourist wanted to book a room whose window faces south.
=The tourist wanted to book a room the window of which faces south.
=The tourist wanted to book a room . The room’s window faces south.
We went to see our teacher Miss Styles, whose husband lost his life in the earthquake.
Xi’an, whose walls remain as good as before, is one of the few cities with city walls.
三．关系代词that, which 的用法
（1）在限定性定语从句中指代物时，which 和that 一般可通用。
The new house that/which I has just bought is about six miles away.
They planted some trees that /which didn’t need much water.
(2) 限定性定语从句中只用that 而不用which 的情况。
A）先行词有形容词最高级修饰时
This is the best way that has been used against pollution.
Polly is the most direct young woman that I have ever come across .
B) 先行词有序数词修饰时
This is the third time that they have met.
The very first time that Lester saw the film, he made up his mind to become a doctor.
C)主句已有疑问词who 或which 时
Which of the car s that are in front of the hotel belongs to you?
Who is the man that is sitting by the lake ?
D) 先行词既有人又有物时
He talked about the schools and teachers that he had visited.
The bike and his rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station.
E) 先行词为all, much, few, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none 等不定代词时
It’s easy to do the repair. All that you need is a hammer and some nails.
We haven’t got much that we can offer you.
I’d like to tell you something that will make you surprised.
F) 先行词前面有the very, the only, the same, any, few, little, no, all, one of 等词修饰时
This is the very room that I slept in that evening.
The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.
Li Ming is the only one that wants to be a teacher.
G) 有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词以用which,另一个宜用that
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
(3) 只用which 而不用that 的情况
A) 引导非限定定语从句时
The fish, which I bought this morning, is very fresh.
My house, which I bought two years ago, has got a lovely garden.
Jim passed the driving test, which surprised everybody in the office.
Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to others, which , of course, made the others envy him.
The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, most of which are sold abroad.
(which 前常用none/neither/most/both/each/all/a little of等词修饰)
B）在限定性定语从句中，关系带词前有介词时
I was put in a position in which I had to accept I was less important.
This is the hotel in which you will stay.= That’s the hotel (which/that) you will stay in.
(此句中，如果介词in 放在句子的后面，那么关系代词既可用which,也可用that,还可省略。
C）在限定性定语从句中，如果有两个定语从句时，其中一句的关系代词that 时，另一个用which.
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
4) 关系副词的用法（where, when, why）：关系副词和关系代词一样，具有数重作用。连接主句与从句，指代先行词，在从句中作句子成分。由于关系副词在从句中均做状语，所以具体选用什么关系副词，主要取决于关系副词在从句中充当什么类型的状语。
一．关系副词where 的用法：有关系副词where引导的定语从句，其先行词主要是表示地点的名词，如building, city, room等，where 在从句中作地点状语。
The hotel where we stayed was very clean.= The hotel (that/which) we stayed at was very clean.
=The hotel at which we stayed was very clean.
I got to the stage where I wasn’t coping any more.
=I got to the stage (which/that) I wasn’t coping with any more.
= I got to the stage with which I wasn’t coping any more.
二．关系副词when 的用法：有when引导的定语从句，其先行词主要是表示时间的名词，如time, day, date,等,when 在从句中作时间状语。
I’ll never forget the time when we first met in London .
=I’ll never forget the time during which we first met in London.
The date (when/that) he joined the ANC Youth League was August 5th.(如果按语法来讲，上例中的定语从句只能用when引导，但在口语中，常用that 代替when, 而且还可以省略。)
三．关系副词why 的用法：由why 引导的定语从句，常用在先行词reason 后面，why 在句中作原因状语。
The reason why I got a job was that I worked hard.
=The reason (that)/for which I got a job was that I worked hard.
The reason why she was late was that she missed her plane.
=The reason (that)/for which she was late was that she missed her plane.
Amy didn’t get a pay rise, but this wasn’t the main reason why she left.
=Amy didn’t get a pay rise, but this wasn’t the main reason (that)/for which she left.
(一般说来，在定语从句中，只要先行词是the reason ，它的关系副词就是why,但在口语中，和when 一样，why 常被that 代替，也可省略。)
重点比较：带reason 的定语从句与表语从句的常用句型：
定语从句The reason why/that…; …the reason why/that…
表语从句The reason is that…(不能用why，否则就重复了)
I know the reason why she studies so well.
The reason is that he is always careless in his work.
四．关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句的区别
对于同一个先行词，正确区分关系代词和关系副词，关键是要弄清楚它们在定语从句中担任什么成分，而不仅仅取决于先行词是什么。如果关系词在从句中制作主语或宾语，就是关系代词；如果关系词在定语从句中做状语，就是关系副词，当然上面提到的口语用法除外。例句比较： 1. This is the college (that/which) I visited.
2. This is the college where I studied three years ago.
3. I’ll never forget the day(that/which)we spent together.
4. I’ll never forget the day when I got married.
5) 使用定语从句注意事项
一．定语从句中的主谓一致
A）定语从句中的关系代词作主语时，从句谓语的人称，数要与先行词一致。
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
B）as/which 作主语引导非限定性从句指全句时，从句谓语用第三人称。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.
As is usual, Hans came to school late this morning.
C) 先行词为“one of +复数名词“时，关系代词为从句主语，谓语用复数。
Freddy is one of the students who want to be diplomats in our class.
D) 先行词为“the only one of the+复数名词“时，关系代词为从句主语，谓语用单数。
He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarship for three years.
二. what, how 不能用于定语从句中．
A）what不能用作关系代词来引导定语从句，但是what 引导的宾语从句可以与that 引导的定语从句进行互换。
Tell me anything (that) you know. = Tell me what you know.
Tell me anything what you know.( wrong)
B) how 不能用作关系副词来引导定语从句，修饰表示方式的way 的定语从句用which 来引导，也可用that 或省略。
This is the way (in which/that) I worked out the problem.
This is how I worked out the problem.
This is the way how I worked out the problem. (wrong)
三．关系代词和关系副词的省略
（1）关系代词的省略：A）非限定性定语从句中关系代词不可以省略。
Jan Hasek, who was my former English teacher, retired last year.
B) 在限定性定语从句中，关系代词用作动词宾语时可省略。
Sorry, forgot to bring the magazine (which/that) you want.
C) 关系代词作介词宾语时，如果介词出现在关系代词前，关系代词不可以省略；如果介词位于定语从句句末，关系代词可以省略。This is the government building in which my father works.
This is the government (which/that) my father works in.
This is the government building in my father works. (错误)
D）there be 句型之后的定语从句中，做主语或宾语的关系代词常客省略。
There’s nothing (that) I can do about it.
6）定语从句和同位语的区别
A) 根据that 在从句中是否做成分来判定。引导定语从句的that 是关系代词，在句中充当主语或宾语，是对先行词的一个说明。引导
同位语从句的that是连接词，不充当任何成分，不能省略，也不能用which 代替。同位语从句用来说明名词或代词表示的具体内容。The news that you told me last week is not true.
(that 引导的定语从句，说明是哪一个news, that 在从句中充当told 的宾语。)
The news that the leader will come here is not true.
(that 引导的同位语从句，说明news 的具体内容，that 在从句中不担任任何成分)
B）根据意思来判断
在关系代词前加is 后，如果句子成立就是同位语从句，否则就不是。
The news that you told me is not true.
---The news is that you told me last week. (不成立；不是同位语从句。)
The news that the leader will come here is not true.
---The news is that the leader will come here. (成立；是同位语从句)
Exercises
saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us,_______ we gave several bells and glasses.
A. to which
B. to whom
C. with whom
D. with which
was educated at Beijing University,________ she went on to have her advanced abroad.
A. after which
B. from which
C. from that
D. after that
‘re just trying to reach a point ________ both sides sit down together and talk.
A. where
B. that
C. when
D. which
(完整版)初中英语定语从句讲解教师版
初中英语定语从句讲解及练习(教师版) 一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) the boys who are playing football are from class one. (2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who 或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) i once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) the school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) the school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) we'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. (6) we'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care
(新)高中英语语法定语从句总结全
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定语从句专项知识点总结汇总
定语从句专项知识点总结汇总 - 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 关系副词有：when, where, why, how。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：
定语从句小结(1)
定语从句小结（1） 1)关系代词的选择，主要是指who and that;that and which;as and which这三对关系代词的选择。 a.who 可以代表人、人格化了的动物、神话故事中的人物或有生命的事物，例如： The dog who is barkig to our pet. 2)在从句中作主语时，倾向于用who,如Do you know the comrade who spoke just now? 3)当先行词泛指代词he ,they 或指示代词those 等时，常用who eg: He who does no gets no pay. We are badly in need of those who can work in real earnest. 4)当先行词前出现不定冠词时，多用who eg: I have found a man who can do this work. 5)在there be 句型中，既作主语又表示人时多用who，或省略。eg: There's a man who live in that village. 6)不定代词one,ones,anyone等作先行词时，多用who.eg: One who works without complain is weccome here. 7)定语从句和先行词被隔开，用that可能引起歧义时，应用who; eg: I saw a man in the street who was srrounded by many people. 8)在非限制定性定语从句中，一般用who，不用that. eg: The soliders, who may have felt sorry for the boy, had him stand with his back to his father. 9)如果两个定语从句出现在一个句子中，且第一个关系代词是that的话，第二个就用who. eg: The man that I like is the one who is both competent and diligent. 但在平行结构中，应根据平行结构的原则重复同一个关系代词。eg: I met a Greek who travelled a lot in the world,but who knew very little about his own country. 注意：关系代词前如有介词或非限制定性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词前要用whom. eg: In the dark street,there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help. The brave man,whom the tiger was shot by, is a good hunter. 10)关系代词that的使用场合 (1)一般来说，先行词是all,any,anything,everything,nothing,much,little,few等，关系代词应用that。eg: Everything that can be done is done. (2)先行词之前有all,any,every,no, little,much,only,very等修饰时，关系代词应用that.
(完整版)定语从句超详细讲解
定语从句 一学习目标 1.熟练掌握定语从句 二考点解析 ⊙定从的功能—解释说明 This is the factory that/which can produce such machines 这就是能制造这种机器的工厂This is the factory that/which we visited last week 这就是我们上周参观的工厂 ⊙定语从句 定义：一个简单句跟在名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。 I bought a cow that looked like a horse. ⊙定语从句怎么考？ 语法 22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.（2016高考北京卷） A.whose B.why C.where D.which 完形 Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. （2016高考北京卷） 阅读&写作 A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.（2016高考全国卷D篇） Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. （2016高考北京卷阅读A篇） ⊙定从原理：把两个句子合为一个，两个句子有相同的部分，此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。
中考定语从句完整归纳
中考九年级英语定语从句完整归纳 一、定语从句 1．Kids，I hope you’ll remember the good old days____we spent together in junior high though it’s time to say goodbye. A．who B．what C．which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：孩子们，虽然到了说再见的时候了，我希望你们将记住那些我们一起在初中度过的美好的旧时光。who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句；which关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据句子结构可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词是the good old days，从句中spent后缺少宾语，应用关系代词which引导，故应选C。 2． My grandparents like stories ________ have happy endings. A．they B．who C．which D．/ 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我爷爷奶奶喜欢有快乐结局的故事。考查定语从句。先行词stories（故事）表示物，需用关系代词that或which，引导词同时做从句的主语，根据句意结构，故选C。 3．On Monday April 15， 2019， the fire_______broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the world． A．that B．who C．where 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：2019年4月15日，周一，巴黎圣母院发生的大火震惊了全世界。 A. that先行词是人或物， B. who先行词是人； C. where先行词是地点名词。本句先行词是fire，指物，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用which/that。故答案为A。 【点睛】 在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1） who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语）
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初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解与练习题
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作宾语可省略。例如: Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语) The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that 作宾语) 2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语) The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语) 3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如: The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语) Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语) 注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如: This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。 Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。 (2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如: This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。 (3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版
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(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
中考复习专题常见定语从句最全总结
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高中英语语法定语从句总结全
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高中定语从句详细讲解精编版
高中定语从句详细讲解 精编版 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。
初中英语定语从句知识点总结
初中英语定语从句知识点总结 要学定语从句，得知道什么是定语。定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的。例如，a good book, good就是定语。那么复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句就叫做定语从句。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，相当于形容词，在句中作定语。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等，绝对没有what;关系副词有where, when, why,how 等。关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的某个成分。 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom 作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略)，可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。 (1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) (2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语) (3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师 (4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。
定语从句用法总结
定语从句用法总结 一.定义：定语由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.其中划线部分为定语从句。 二.分类：分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，还有间隔性定语从句。 eg: is the school (that/which)we visited last year. （限制性定语从句） weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect. （非限制性定语从句） days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.（间隔性定语从句） ] 注：定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。 三.构成：定语从句有先行词、引导词和从句构成。 先行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。 引导词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 此句中先行词为：narrow streets and small houses, ( 引导词为：that，定语从句为：that are built close to each other 四．基本原则 定语从句中不能出现与先行词在意义上相一致的词 is the book that I like it best .(it 与book指同一物，所以要去掉。) 五．定语从句中常见考点：
定语从句讲解总结
定语从句讲解总结 Prepared on 24 November 2020
定语从句讲解 一．定语从句 1.注意英汉差异：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面， 如：①.a beautiful girl ②.a lovely boy 是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面， 如：③.She is the girl in red. 她就是穿红衣的女孩。 ④.The lady carried a bag full of money. 那位女士背了个装满钱的包。 ⑤.He is the man who you are looking for. 她就是你在找的人。 2.分清主句与从句，看究竟哪个句子缺少成分。 如上面第5：主句：He is the man 从句：who you are looking for 在从句中，looking for 的宾语是the man.因此选用关系代词 who(whom)放置于句首，便是定语从句。 3.从句中做宾语的关系代词可以省略，故第5题可以写成： He is the man you are looking for. 二．定语从句（从句部分） 1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语 2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后 Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please. 3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词 （1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词， 如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。 数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。 （2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点： ①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。 This is the place which is worth visiting. ②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。 There are many places we can visit（them）in China. 4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词 关系代词：which, that, who, whom, whose, as。 关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。 5、确定关系词的步骤 （1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。 （2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。 一．关系代词which的用法 1.English is a language.