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A discontinuity of the background explains the Pioneer anomaly

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A DISCONTINUITY OF THE BACKGROUND EXPLAINS THE PIONEER ANOMALY Frederic Henry-Couannier CPPM,163Avenue De Luminy,Marseille 13009France.henry@cppm.in2p3.fr Abstract The Pioneer anomaly is explained very simply if we assume that some-where between us and the aircraft,the scale factor has undergone a dis-crete jump from an expansion regime a(t)to a contraction regime 1/a(t).1Introduction The so called Pioneer anomaly arised as an anomalous drift in time of the radiowave frequency received from both Pioneer 10and 11as compared to ref-erence clocks on earth [1].The anomalous drift was found constant over more than 10years and from 40to 60AU ˙f f =v/c.H 0where v stands for the aircraft speed relative to the earth,which is still negligible as compared to the Pioneer e?ect and has the wrong sign.More recent studies on the outer planet trajectories in the solar system exclude all attempts so far to explain the e?ect by a universal modi?cation of the gravitational force or the gravitational in?uence of any unknown source in the outer part of the solar system where the

anomaly was most signi?cantly detected [3][4].This also seems to rule out the most usual interpretation of the anomaly in terms of an anomalous acceleration directed toward the sun.Instead,various recent attempts seem now to privilege exotic physical e?ects either a?ecting the radio wave propagation or the clocks drift in time as caused by their supposed interaction with a background ?eld.

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2A background discontinuity explains the anomaly Motivated by the strange coincidence˙f

~?2˙a

11.109years

dτ(1)

a(t)

On Pioneer:

dτ2=a?2(t)(dt2?dσ2)?dt pioneerclock=a(t)dτ(2) The result is a frequency deceleration of Pioneer clocks relative to our earth

=?2H0.There-clocks f P ioneer=1

f P ioneer

fore,their must be a discrete jump from a(t)to1/a(t)of the background?eld between us and Pioneer so that the e?ect could only start to be seen after the crossing of this frontier by the aircraft.Within the error bars the jump(see the steep rise up of the e?ect in[1])could not have been better evidenced than it was around15AU in1983by Pioneer11.

There is a theory involving discrete symmetries where this kind of jump was predicted,this is the Dark Gravity theory presented in much details in [5]and[6].The theory involves many such discontinuities in motion in the universe and at last can also easily account for the Hubble diagram test with Supernovae.Recently a discontinuity in the speed of the solar wind was detected

by New Horizons and could well represent another signature of a background discontinuity as explained in[6].

References

[1]J.D.Anderson,Phys.Rev.D65,082004(2002).

[2]M.Carrera and D.Giulini On the in?uence of the global cosmological ex-

pansion on the local dynamics in the solar system gr-qc/0602098

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[3]K.Trencevski E G.Celakoska On the Pioneer anomaly gr-qc/0604068

[4]K.Tangen Could the Pioneer anomaly have a gravitational origin gr-

qc/0602089

[5]F.Henry-Couannier Dark Gravity gr-qc/0610079

[6]F.Henry-Couannier https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0b16029827.html,/

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