2019年全国研究生考试英语(一)真题

2019年全国研究生考试英语（一）真题

【答案及解析】

Section I Use of English

1、[答案]C。Few [试题考点]词义辨析和上下文语境

[解析]此题词义辨析和上下文语境。首句为主题句：今天，我们生活在一个GPS系统，数字地图和其他导航应用程序都在我们的智能手机上唾手可得的世界。空格所在句指出：我们中_____在没有电话，个人GPS或其他导航工具的情况下直接走进树林。本句有without与few构成双重否定表肯定，根据语义应该填入few（几乎没有人），符合文意。

2、[答案]C。run [试题考点]词组搭配

[解析]此题考查词组搭配。run on battery表示手机用电池发动，运行。其他选项：Put on （穿上；使运转）；take on （承担；呈现）；come on （快点；开始），语义不通顺。故正确答案为[C] run。

3、[答案]B。If [试题考点]逻辑关系

[解析]此题考查逻辑关系。空格所在句译文：____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路，____找不到北方，我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。此处为假设的情况，故填入if（如果）符合上下文的表达。其余选项：Since （因为；自从），though

（虽然），until （直到）带入后，语义不通顺。故正确答案为[B] If。

4、[答案]D。literally [试题考点]词义辨析

[解析]空格所在句译文：____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路，____找不到北方，我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。此处literally表示确实地，真正地，带入原文语义通顺：你的确找不到北方。其余选项：Formally （正式地），relatively （相对地），gradually（逐渐地）带入后，语义不通顺。故正确答案为[D] literally。

5、[答案]A。back [试题考点]词义辨析和上下文语境

[解析]空格所在句译文：____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路，____找不到北方，我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。前文讲lost（迷路），此处填入back（回到）文明之地相互呼应，故正确答案为[A] back。

6、[答案][B] off [试题考点]词义辨析和词组搭配

为：当你____路径，但不是完全______的区域，你需要回答两个问题：在这个特殊区域，哪儿条路是下坡？哪儿里有最近的水源？通过后半句的问题，能够了解到前面是当你偏离轨道，迷失踪迹的时候。B选项off （远离，离开）符合语义要求；A选项onto（在。。。之上），C选项across（穿过，横穿），D选项alone（独自地，单独地）带入空格后，语义不通顺，均排除。故正确答案为B选项off。

7、[答案][D] unfamiliar [试题考点] 词义辨析

[解析]此处考察词义辨析。空格所在句的前一句说迷失踪迹，偏离轨道。空格所在的后半句but开头，所填入的形容词词需要和前面构成转折的逻辑关系，虽然偏离轨道，但也不是完全不熟悉的路。只有D选项unfamiliar（不熟悉的，不常见的）符合要求；A选项unattractive（不吸引人的），B选uncrowded （不拥挤的，宽敞的），C选项unchanged（未改变的，无变化的）带入后，语义不通顺。故正确答案为[D]unfamiliar。

8、[答案][C] way [试题考点]词义辨析和上下文语境

意：你需要回答两个问题：在这个特殊区域，哪儿个_____是下坡？哪儿里有最近的水源？空格处所需的名词需要符合上下文语境。C选项way（道路）符合语义要求；A选项site（地点，位置，场所），B选项point（要点），D选项place（地方，地点）带入空格后，语义不通顺，均排除。故正确答案为C选项way。

9、[答案][A] So [试题考点]逻辑关系

[解析]此处考察词逻辑关系。空格所在句的前一句指出：生活在山谷中的人，基本都靠淡水为生。后面也就是空格所在句：_______如果你下山，沿着水走，你会发现人类的迹象。。。。。。很明显空格处所填入的连词和前面构成因果的逻辑关系，只有A 选项So（所以，因此）符合要求；B选项Yet（但是，然而），C选Instead（代替，反而），D选项Besides（此外，而且）带入后，语义不通顺。故正确答案为[A]So。

10、[答案][D] eventually [试题考点]词义辨析

[解析]此处考察词义辨析。空格所在句的句意：所以如果你下山，沿着你找到的水一直走，你______会看到人类的迹象。。。。。。，空格处所需的副词需要符合本句语境并是句子语义通顺。D选项eventually （最后，终于）符合语义要求；A选项immediately（立即，立刻），B选项intentionally（故意地，有意地），C选项unexpectedly（意外地，出乎意料地）带入空格后，语义不通顺，均排除。故正确答案为D选项eventually。

11、[答案]A。surprised

[解析]空格所在句提到：If you’ve explored the area before，keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be surprised how quickly spotting a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings（如果你之前去过这个地方，一定要注意熟悉的景象，你或许会____快速识别出一块特征明显的岩石或树木能帮助你恢复记忆）。此句明显体现了积极褒义的感情色彩，根据这个线索，可直接确定A选项surprised为正确答案，即：你或许会感到惊讶。。。。

12、[答案]B。option

[解析]本文第一段提到：“如果你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路了，而且你真的找不到北方，我们有一些技巧可以帮助你回到文明社会”。空格所在处提到：另一个___：登到高处寻找有人类住所的标志，因此此处的another__应该与tricks构成总分关系，即，空格处所填的名词应与tricks语义相近。只有B 选项option（选择，办法）符合要求。

13、[答案]D。For example

[解析]根据选项特征得知，本题属于句间逻辑关系题，因此需要根据空格前后两句话之间的语义关系来选择。空格前提到“另一个办法就是登高来寻找有人类居住的标志”，关键词为：look for signs；空格后提到“在茂密森林里，你应该能够发现由于道路、电缆、火车轨道和人们在树林中开辟的其他道路而造成的树木之间的空隙”，关键词为：spot gaps。而look for与spot语义相近，signs为抽象名词，gaps为具体名词，因此空格前后表是例证关系或总分关系，故D选项for example（例如）为正确答案。

14、[答案]C。spot

[解析]该题需结合第13题来选择。本题空格所在句是对前面句子的例证，故主题一致，因此空格处需填入的动词需和look for语义相近，故选择spot（识别，发现）。

15、[答案]B。through

[解析]空格处需填入介词来和前面的动词carve及后面的名词woods构成顺畅的语义搭配。Carve____woods：在森林中开辟道路，B选项through用法最恰当，故为正确答案。

16、[答案][D] breaks [试题考点]上下文语义衔接+词义辨析

[解析]本题空前有一个指示代词these，通过语义，“these 16 ”指代上文的“roads，train tracks，and other paths”，并由定语从句“people carve through the woods”（人们在森林中开辟的……）修饰。从语义上来看，breaks最合适。

17、[答案][A] artificial [试题考点]上下文语义衔接+词义辨析

[解析] 本空所处的句子“scan …for 17 light sources”，与本段开头“look for sign of human

habitation ”结构一致，语义相关，空格处所填形容词和human 意思相近，选择artificial “人造的”。除此之外，17题后面“such as fires and streetlights，”所列举的两种光源的共同特点就是artificial。

18、[答案][D] Finally [试题考点]上下文逻辑

[解析] 本空位于段首，并由逗号隔开，所以考察上下段落逻辑。空后为条件状语从句“assuming you ”，与上文的“If you”构成顺接递进关系，选项中，只用finally表顺接。

19、[答案][B] marks [试题考点]上下文语义+词义辨析

[解析]空后的定语从句“we leave on the landscape”，由语义得知此处应该填“标记”，所以选marks。

20、[答案][C] lead [试题考点]上下文语义+动词辨析

[解析]本空主要考察语义搭配，所填动词需要与主语“tire blazes，tire tracks and other fearures”（轮胎，轮胎痕迹

和其他标记），宾语you，以及不定式to civilization（文明）之间构成完整语义，所以此处填lead“引导”最合适。

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Text 1

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A. the patenting of domination shows and movies B. the emergence of new commercial networks C. the promotion of cable and satellite pay-television D. the intense competition coming from the outside 8. The phrase “on a shoestring” (Para. 6) most probably means __________. A. in need of capital B. after a fashion C. on second thoughts D. in the interests of themselves 9. The main reason why American dramas and sitcoms are driven out of prime time is that ____. A. they lose competitiveness B. they are not market-oriented C. they are too much priced D. they fall short of audience expectations 10. American studio producers will give thought to production costs __________. A. if they have no access to popular shows B. because their endeavors come to no avail C. since bidding wars are no longer fierce D. as international sales pace slows down Passage Three How shops can exploit people's herd mentality to increase sales 1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (th at is，how ants，bees or any social animal，including humans，behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy. 2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes，also of the Florida Institute of Technology, set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that, if a certain product is seen to be popular, shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying. 3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani's supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag, a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information，and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.

考研英语真题及答案

2002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题(一) National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates (2002) 考生注意事项 1. 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则, 得到监考人员指令后方可开始答题。 2. 答题前, 考生应将答题卡上的”考生姓名”、”报考单位”、”考试语种”、”考生编号”等信息填写清楚, 并与准考证上的一致。 3. 全国硕士研究生入学考试英语分为试题(一) 、试题(二) 。 4. 本试题为试题(一), 共4页(1～4页) 。考生必须在规定的时间内作答。 5. 试题(一) 为听力部分。该部分共有A、B、C三节, 所有答案都应填写或填涂在答题卡1上。A、B两节必须用蓝(黑) 圆珠笔答题, 注意字迹清楚。C节必须用2B铅笔按照答题卡上的要求填涂, 如要改动, 必须用橡皮擦干净。 6. 听力考试进行时, 考生应先将答案写或标记在试题上, 然后在听力部分结束前专门留出的5分钟内, 将答案整洁地誊写或转涂到答题卡1上。仅写或标记在试题上不给分。Section I: Listening Comprehension Directions: This Section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this section, Part A, Part B and Part C. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1. Now look at Part A in your test booklet. Part A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear an introduction about the life of Margaret Welch. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you’ve heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points) Welch’s Personal Information Place of Birth Philadelphia Year of Birth 1901 Transfer to Barnard University (Year) 1920 Major at University 1 Final Degree PhD Year of Marriage 1928 Growing Up In New Guinea Published (Year) 2 Field Study in the South Pacific (Age) 3 Main Interest 4