2013年7月6日雅思阅读考题回顾
2013年7月6日雅思阅读考题回顾
来源：朗阁培训中心编辑：xm 发布日期:2013-07-12 摘要：厦门朗阁培训中心为烤鸭们整理了7月6日雅思阅读考题回顾以及备考建议。考试日期：2013年7月6日
Reading Passage 1
Title:购物网站
Question types:True / False / Not Given; Sentence Completion
文章内容回顾一个成功的英国网上购物网站，主要卖服饰，时尚服饰，化妆品。cosmetics=make-up
products还有male clothes
相关英文原文阅读The internet boom of the late 1990s made price comparison profitable. Price comparison services were initially implemented as client-side add-ins to the Netscape and Internet explorer browsers, and required that additional software be downloaded and installed. After these initial efforts, comparison shopping migrated to the server so that the service would be accessible to anyone with a browser. Services which are now offered by websites dedicated to price comparison and by major portals.
Shopping
In the late 1990s, as more people gained access to the internet, a range of shopping portals were built that listed retailers for specific product genres. Retailers listed paid the website a fixed fee for appearing. These were little more than an online version of the Yellow Pages. As technology has improved, a newer "breed"
of shopping Web portals is being created that are changing both the business model and the features and functionality offered. These sites do not "aggregate" data-feeds provided from the retailers, they search and retrieve the data directly from each retailer site. That allows for a much more comprehensive list of retailers and the ability to update the data in real time. Generic portals and search engines launched similar services and companies that stood to benefit from increased internet shopping (especially credit card and delivery firms) launched similar sites.
Services
Through 1998 and 1999, various firms developed technology that searched retailers websites for prices and stored them in a central database. Users could then search for a product, and see a list of retailers and prices for that product. Advertisers did not pay to be listed, but paid for every click on a price. Streetprices, founded in 1997, has been a very early company in this space; it invented price graphs and email alerts in 1998.These useful services let users see the high and low price of any product graphed over time, and request email alerts when a product's price drops to the price the user wants. Other price search engines have also evolved to provide consumers sophisticated price-tracking tools, such as price drop alerts and price history tracking.
From 2004 onwards, home utility comparison services started gaining popularity in the UK, with the launch of several utility comparison sites, who have now grown into multi-million turnover corporations, including https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0c18493756.html,, Consumer Choices, https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0c18493756.html,, my Supermarket and USwitch.
题型难度分析相对简单
题型技巧分析本篇有填空题，填空题的做题步骤：
1.读题目要求，主要看字数要求，一般不超过三个或两个，一定要看清楚
2.读题目，并划出关键词，关键词首先是特殊的比如人名地名时间数字等，如果没有这些词，那就划出名词
3.对所填的空进行预测，预测所填空的词性，单复数情况
4.根据划出的关键词去文中定位
5.对定位部分进行分析，选出答案
是非无判断题是雅思阅读考试的经典题型，首先应该注意看清是TRUE还是YES,本篇是TRUE / FALSE/ NOT GIVEN。
解题步骤：
1.速读问题的句子，找出考点词（容易有问题的部分）。考点词：比较级，最高级，数据（时间），程度副词，特殊形容词，绝对化的词（only, most, each, any, every, the same as等）
2.排除考点词，在余下的词中找定位词，去原文定位。
3.重点考察考点词是否有提及，是否正确。
TRUE的原则是同义替换，至少有一组近义词。
FALSE是题目和原文截然相反，不可共存，通常有至少一组反义词。NOT GIVEN原文未提及，不做任何推断，尤其多考察题目的主语等名词在原文中是否有提及。
剑桥雅思推荐原文练习剑4 Test 1 Passage 1剑5 Test 3 Passage 1
Reading Passage 2
Title:一种快灭绝的鸟的保护建设
Question types:Heading; Short Answer Questions; Sentence Completion
文章内容回顾
关于英国一种快灭绝的珍贵的鸟的保护建设，鸟的食物来源，如何保护，
取得的成绩。
相关英文原文阅读The oozlum bird, also spelled ouzelum, is a legendary creature found in Australian and British folk tales and legends. Some versions have it that, when startled, the bird will take off and fly around in ever-decreasing circles until it manages to fly up itself, disappearing completely, which adds to its rarity.[1] Other sources state that the bird flies backwards so that it can admire its own beautiful tail feathers, or because while it does not know where it is going, it likes to know where it has been.
The Oxford English Dictionary describes it as "A mythical bird displaying ridiculous behaviour" and speculates that the word could have been suggested by the wordouzel, meaning a blackbird (turdus merula). The earliest citation recorded by the dictionary dates from 1858.
A variant of the oozlum, possibly a mutation, is the weejy weejy bird, which has only one wing which causes it to fly in tighter, faster, smaller circles until it disappears up its own fundament. The oozlefinch is an American relative without feathers that flies backwards ("to keep dust, trivia, and other inconsequentia out of his eyes") at supersonic speeds, and preys on enemy bombers, which it rips from the sky. The oozlefinch has been adopted as the unofficial mascot of the United States Air Defense Artillery. The oozlum bird was the subject of the British 1970 film,Carry On
Up the Jungle. There was also a recurring joke in an episode of
the BBC radio comedy, The Navy Lark that Lt Commander Murray
(Stephen Murray) did not know what the oozlum bird was. Sub
Lieutenant Phillips (Leslie Phillips) suggested that when young,
oozlum birds fly straight, and it is only when they turn left that
the trouble starts.
The fabulous qualities of the oozlum bird is the subject of a poem
by W.T. Goodge (1862 – 1909). In the poem "The Oozlum Bird", the
bird is said to fly backwards and has the singular ability of being
able to fly up in the air while letting the earth turn under it.
The bird is said to be large enough to bear the weight of a man.题型难度分析给段落配标题稍难
题型技巧分析Heading题型做题步骤：
1.读题目要求，注意是将heading前的序号写在答题卡上。
2.划去Example项，在Lists of headings中将例子的标题划去，同时将对应段落在文章中划去，以免做题时重复找。
3.在给出的标题中划出关键词，以名词为主
4.读文章段落，主要读段首和段尾，找出主题句
5.将段落主题句和标题相比较，选出答案
注意事项：
1.在找主题句的时候，段首不一定是段落的第一句，很多时候尤其是第二段及以后的段落第一句往往是对上一段的概括，第二句第三句才是主题句
2.如果本段有however,but等转折词汇以及also,although等，主题句即作者的中心在其后面
3.如果某段中重复出现标题中的某个关键词，也可以判定此段的标题即
是含有这个关键词的标题
剑桥雅思推荐原文练
习
剑3 Test 4 Passage 1
Reading Passage 3
Title:人类语言的出现和发展
Question types:Matching; True / False / Not Given
文章内容回顾关于人类语言的形成理论，2个理论，语言形成的时间。
英文原文阅读Language development is thought to proceed by ordinary processes of learning in which children acquire the forms, meanings and uses of words and utterances from the linguistic input. The method in which we develop language skills is universal however, the major debate is how the rules of syntax are acquired. There are two major approaches to syntactic development, an empiricist account by which children learn all syntactic rules from the linguistic input, and a nativist approach by which some principles of syntax are innate and are transmitted through the human genome.
The nativist theory, proposed by Noam Chomsky, argues that language is a unique human accomplishment. Chomsky says that all children have what is called an LAD, an innate language acquisition device. Theoretically, the LAD is an area of the brain that has a set of universal syntactic rules for all languages. This device provides children with the ability to construct novel sentences using learned vocabulary. Chomsky's claim is based upon the view that what children hear - their linguistic input - is insufficient to explain how they come to learn language. He argues that linguistic input
from the environment is limited and full of errors. Therefore, nativists assume that it is impossible for children to learn linguistic information solely from their environment. However, because children possess this LAD, they are in fact, able to learn language despite incomplete information from their environment. This view has dominated linguistic theory for over fifty years and remains highly influential, as witnessed by the number of articles in journals and books.
The empiricist theory suggests, contra Chomsky, that there is enough information in the linguistic input children receive and therefore, there is no need to assume an innate language acquisition device exists (see above). Rather than an LAD which evolved specifically for language, empiricists believe that general brain processes are sufficient enough for language acquisition. During this process, it is necessary for the child to be actively engaged with their environment. In order for a child to learn language, the parent or caregiver adopts a particular way of appropriately communicating with the child; this is known as child-directed speech (CDS). CDS is used so that children are given the necessary linguistic information needed for their language. Empiricism is a general approach and sometimes goes along with the interactionist approach.
Other researchers embrace an interactionist perspective, consisting of social-interactionist theories of language development. In such approaches, children learn language in the interactive and communicative context, learning language forms for meaningful moves of communication. These theories focus mainly on the caregiver's attitudes and attentiveness to their children in order to promote productive language habits.
An older empiricist theory, the behaviorist theory proposed by B.
F. Skinner suggested that language is learned through operant
conditioning, namely, by imitation of stimuli and by reinforcement
of correct responses. This perspective has not been widely accepted
at any time, but by some accounts, is experiencing a resurgence.
New studies use this theory now to treat individuals diagnosed with
autism spectrum disorders. Additionally, Relational Frame Theory
is growing from the behaviorist theory which is important for
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Some empiricist theory accounts
today use behaviorist models.
Other relevant theories about language development include
Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which considers the
development of language as a continuation of general cognitive
development[5] and Vygotsky's social theories that attribute the
development of language to an individual's social interactions and
grow
题型难度分析配对题较难，给文章中讲到的两个理论配信息。
题型技巧分析Matching题分为了一方是特殊定位词的配对，分类题，段落配标题，段落细节信息定位。一方是特殊定位词的配对主要有人名配观点，时间配事件，地点配事件。这种题目在做的时候要注意以下几点：
1.审题，读Instruction。一般来说，都会有You may use any letter more than once.遇到这行字时，提醒考生一般本题中肯定会有一个字母用两次，而且只有一个字母会重复。
2.迅速浏览人名，在文章中圈出人名。
3.通读配对的另一方，划出关键词。
4.在文章中圈出的人名旁找相应信息与关键词进行匹配。
一方不是特殊定位词时，需要将配对双方都通读，并划出核心词汇，以名
词为主。同时这类型题要放在本篇文章的最后做。
剑4 Test 3 Passage 1
剑桥雅思推荐原文
练习
雅思阅读试卷 附完整参考答案
Section I Words A.Match the words with the same meaning.W rite down the letters on you answer sheet. (1(1’’*6) 1.epidermic 2.motivate 3.assume 4.appealing 5.controversy 6expertise A.skill or knowledge in a particular area B.dispute,argument C.attractive D.an outbreak of a contagious disease that spreads rapidly and widely E.to provide with an incentive;impel . F.to take for granted,suppose B.Fill in the blanks with proper forms of words given in the box,one word can be used more than once.(1(1’’*10) evolve prepare propose minimum peer through cheat weep address exploit except 1.Not surprisingly,his was not well received,even though it seemed to agree with the scientific information available at the time.. 2.The little girl with disappointment when she learned that her favourite Barbie Dolls were sold out. 3.The price is her,she refuses to lower it any further. 4.Apes,monkeys and many other primates have fairly elaborate systems of calls for communicating with other members of their species. 5.Some melodies are quite manipulative,working on our emotions very effectively,and composers have often this to the full. 6.I realized I’d been when I saw the painting on sale for half the price I paid for it. 7.To this problem,Counter Intelligence built a kitchen of its own and started making gagets to fill it with. 8.Most birds don’t have a good sense of smell,but fish-eaters such as petrels and shearwaters are significant. 9.Why bother a clear door,when you can put a camera in the oven to broadcast snapshots of the activities in the oven to a screen in another room? 10.Exploration will allow us to make suitable for dealing with any dangers that we might face,and we may be able to find physical resources such as minerals. SectionⅡ.Translation A.Translate the following sentences into English.(3(3’’*5) 1.Despite the hardship he encountered,Mark never (放弃对知识的追求) 2.由于缺乏对这种病的了解，许多人依然认为HIV受害者都是自作自受。(owing to; ignorance)
雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析(2)
雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析（2）
Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the Treaty A. After a period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief，continental European governments will recover their enthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in . Whether the European public will welcome a return to what voters in two countries had rejected so short a time before is another matter. B. There are several reasons for Europe’s recovering self-confidence. For years European economies had been lagging dismally behind America (to say nothing of Asia)， but in the large continental economies had one of their best years for a decade， briefly outstripping America in terms of growth. Since politics often reacts to economic change with a lag，’s improvement in economic growth will have its impact in ， though the recovery may be ebbing by then. C. The coming year also marks a particular point in a political cycle so regular that it almost seems to amount to a natural law. Every four or five years， European countries take a large stride towards further integration by signing a new treaty： the Maastricht treaty in 1992， the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997， the Treaty of Nice in . And in they were supposed to ratify a European constitution， laying the ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythm was rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters. But the political impetus to sign something every four or five years has only been interrupted，not immobilised， by this setback. D. In the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty—the Treaty of Rome， its founding charter. Government leaders have already agreed to celebrate it ceremoniously， restating their commitment to “ever closer union” and the basic ideals of European unity. By itself， and in normal circumstances， the EU’s 50th-birthday greeting to itself would be fairly meaningless， a routine expression of European good fellowship. But it does not take a Machiavelli to spot that once governments have signed the declaration (and it seems unlikely anyone would be so uncollegiate as to veto
雅思阅读5大核心题型
雅思阅读5大核心题型 对雅思阅读的题型烂熟于心，是备考雅思阅读的基本要求。今天小编给大家带来了雅思阅读5大核心题型，希望能帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 雅思阅读5大核心题型就这样被你征服 1.信息段落配对题 雅思阅读中的段落信息配对题一直是同学们取得高分的拦路虎。我们先来分析一下这种题型的特点和难点。配对题考察的重点只有一个，那就是同义替换。配对题看似简单，因为只要找到信息在那一段落就可以了，不需要像判断题那样的深度 理解和逻辑判断。但是，尤其对于阅读功底不强的同学，这种题目非常棘手。同学们会发现有的题目和原文对应的出题句样子长的一点都不一样，没有任何一个词是原词出现，但他们确实表达的一个意思。例如，剑桥雅思4第三套题第三篇文章中的配对题28题，题目是the importance of taking notes of body language,文中对应的句子却是the recording has to be supplemented by the observer’swritten comments of the non-verbal behavior of the participants. 这两个句子没有一个词是一样的，但细心的同学能发现很明显的三组同义替换那就是重要性、肢体语言、做笔记。因为配对题改写严重的特点，配对题的定位词很难确定，许多在判断题中不会改写的名词在配对题中也被改的面目全非。再加上配对题的出题顺序没有任何规律可言，还经常出现NB----一个段落里包含两个题目信息，所以这种题型蒙对的概率非常低。原则上来讲，配对题每做一道题都需要全文通读，因为每一题都可能在文中的任何位置。 配对题的难度是显而易见的，但是再难的题，我们也能把握其出题规律，找到最高效、快捷的做出尽可能多答案的方法。这种题在考场上我们肯定是没有时间去读很多遍文章的，我们必须做到文章读一遍，所有的题目就处理完了。绝大多数的配对题都是细节题，因此我们都要从题目入手，找到关键词。又由于名词也可能被替换成其他词，所以我们要采用多点撒网，重点抓鱼的策略，把题目中
雅思阅读的精读训练
雅思阅读的精读训练 雅思阅读的精读训练真的没有效果么?方法不对而已，今天小编给大家带来了雅思阅读的精读训练，希望能帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 雅思阅读的精读训练真的没有效果么? 怎么读才是精读? 精读意味着仔细读，认真读，读到骨头里，不要只查查词，看看句子意思。如果是这样, 这还没达到精读的深度。 举个例子513 For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hit-list of our main fears: that natural resources are running out; that the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat; that species are becoming extinct in vast numbers, and that the planet's air and water are becoming ever more polluted. 精读的步骤 第一步从词汇(单词, 短语)入手：把句子里的单词(主要是动词，形容词，副词)这三类词达到认知程度, 拓展同义词,派生词等，因为根据雅思阅读考点的出现频率看，这三类词最容易被替换。如果时间允许，再看看名词里的抽象名词，物质名词采取猜词技巧可以解决。例如以上的句子： 动词： run out(拓展exhaust/use up, 例如832 ); grow(拓展growth/increase/progress….例如441); leave(拓展不仅表示“留下来，离开的意思，还可以表示使处于某种状态, 例如721); eat(拓展feed, 例如412); extinct(拓展extinction/die out 例如513); pollute(拓展pollution/pollutant 例如532);
雅思阅读模拟试题精选
雅思阅读模拟试题精选
雅思阅读模拟试题精选 1. Washing， brushing and varnishing fossils — all standard conservation treatments used by many fossil hunters and museum curators alike —vastly reduces the chances of recovering ancient DNA. 2. Instead， excavators should be handling at least some of their bounty with gloves， and freezing samples as they are found， dirt and all， concludes a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences today. 3. Although many palaeontologists know anecdotally that this is the best way to up the odds of extracting good DNA， Eva-Maria Geigl of the Jacques Monod Institute in Paris， France， and her colleagues have now shown just how important conservation practices can be. This information， they say， needs to be hammered home among the
雅思阅读判断题应该怎么做
雅思阅读判断题应该怎么做 雅思阅读中比较让人苦恼的问题就是判断题，哪怕是久经考场的同学，对于雅思判断题也不能保证高的答对率。接下来就请跟着新通教育小编来一起学习雅思阅读判断题的答题技巧。 判断题分为两种形式:TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN;YES/NO/NOT GIVEN。尽管表现形式不同，前者考信息，后者考观点，但是我们在进行判断的时候实质是一致的。 TRUE=YES=agree=一致;FALSE=NO=contradict=不一致=抵触; NOT GIVEN=if there is no information on this (未提及型);NOT GIVEN=if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this (证据不足型); 雅思考试判断题的考点其实是有规律可循的，在定位好的前提下，需要熟悉判断题中的考点，以快速找到问题之所在，进行判断。一般来说，一道判断题通常考查一或两个考点，常考的考点为： 1.是非考点 2.数字考点 3.绝对考点 4.比较考点 做题步骤： 1、勾题目要求 1
2、勾定位词、考点词 3、两题一组、扫读全文、查找定位词考点词 4、与题干判断 判断题特点： 1、判断题是顺序题 2、同时定位两题 3、True 、False、Not Given百分百出现 4、True 42% False 38% Not Given 20% 区分定位词与考点词： 1）考点词仅在判断题中出现，定位词在每种题型中都有 2）考点词是考官出题点所在位置 3）定位词是主题，先主题后考点，找准两者即可 更多问题请关注新通教育官网。 一、考点词 1、是非考点词：be /can后面的部分 The parents of top athletes have often been successful athletes themselves. 定位词：parents 考点词：successful 2、表程度：only 、all Performance has improved most greatly in events requiring an intensive burst of energy. 2
雅思阅读SUMMARY题型解答
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雅思考试阅读部分全解析 无论是A类还是G类, 雅思的阅读与国内\国际现今流行的各种重大考试有很大的区别。其广泛的选材范围、多样的出题形式、艰涩的段落和句法结构、冗长的篇幅和无处不在的生词对于考生的语言实力和解题技巧提出了严峻的考验。但是，回顾这么多年的考试历程，雅思并没有跳出语言测试的樊篱。换言之，雅思就是在有限的时间里测试考生的语言实力和应试技巧。 一、概述 I．文章的篇幅 长篇幅是雅思阅读文章的突出特点。每段文章至少700字以上，7、8个段落也算正常。 阅读目的就是为理解服务，应试型阅读就是为解题服务。雅思阅读中的题目虽然貌似复杂，其实归结起来无外乎主旨题与细节理解题。而解题的过程实际上是略读、扫读和细读这三大技巧的综合。雅思考试的阅读很有限，一个小时读三篇文章，每篇文章的阅读和解题时间非常短暂。因此，我们要坚持两点论和重点论相结合的原则，使用略读的技巧在短时间内抓住文章的中心思想、段落大意和长句的要旨。然后，仔细阅读文章之后的题目，并从中找出关键词或词组，同时迅速扫读，确定题目答案在原文中所对应的大致范围。然后对相关语段进行仔细阅读。这样，可以避免或减少对文章中干扰信息的阅读，从而节省时间，提高阅读效率。 II．文章的选材范围 剑桥大学考试委员会秉承剑桥大学的作风，奉行高等教育的精英主义理念，反复强调非专业原则和国际化两条原则，体现考试的公平和公正、严肃和全面的特点，所选的文章大多源于世界主流媒体，如Economist , Financial Times，Guardian；政府各部门的社会发展报告，联合国机构的年度报告；某些著名的协会杂志(带有官方色彩)，如Info；英国及欧洲的专业杂志如Arts Management，Arts Education等；70%的自然科学文章选自National Geographic, New Scientist, Science, Popular立场Science和Nature杂志；80%的重大事件（非政治经济），重大发明都选自美国国家地理杂志（National Geographic） 雅思是一种语言考试，不是专业测试。因此，为了让不同政治经济体制，不同肤色，不同文化背景的人能平等参与，法律及专业性较强的医学，生物学，哲学，文学，艺术等的文章已经不再作为其考查范围。以下几个方面的内容经常作为考点出现：世界范围的就业状况；世界范围内的教育状况，经济发展的问题，
雅思阅读判断题的解题技巧分享
雅思阅读判断题的解题技巧分享 判断题是雅思考试的常见题型,也是难度很大的题型。在普通培训类考试中最多达22题，在学术类考试中也不少于6题。目前有逐渐增多的趋势。其中True/False/Not Given 多见于General Training Module, Yes/No/Not Given 则多见于Academic Module, 因为Yes/No/Not Given最初是为学术类设计的。很多考生对判断题时常束手无策，特别对False和Not Given 易混淆。要攻克判断题的难关，我们要分析它的命题规律，找出考察点，有的放矢，才能提高解题准确率。美联英语学习网整理雅思阅读判断题的解题技巧，就带大家一起学习一下。 首先，我们来看一看判断题的设题模式。 从设题模式可以看出雅思考试的考察点基本上可分为两大类： 1)信息点对应，即细节的对应和观点的对应。例1：It rained heavily everywhere in North China. Q: It rained in Beijing. 例2. Many people believe that the IELTS candidates must attend an IELTS training course before sitting the test. Q: The author believes that the IELTS candidates should attend an IELTS training course before sitting the test. 2) 简单的推理、总结和归纳能力;基本语言知识和常识。雅思考试从命题角度不像TOEFL 和GRE那样将不同的考察点置于专门题型中，而在一种题型中可能出现几个方面的考察点。但有一点考生要记住：由于雅思考试是一种语言能力的测试，它不考察专业知识，不考察阅读文章以外的背景知识(除基本常识以外，如简单的地理知识)。下面我们来看一看T/F/NG 的基本定义： True(Yes): 问题中的信息点或观点与文中的信息点或作者的观点一致。 例：1. It rained heavily everywhere in North China. Q: It rained in Beijing. 2. By trying to do a better job of teaching, computer scientists may learn quite a lot themselves. Q: Computer scientists are likely to learn a lot from teaching. False(No): 问题中的信息点或观点与文中的信息点或作者的观点出现矛盾、冲突或排斥。 例: You can go to Shanghai by train or by plane. Q: You must fly to Shanghai. Not Given: 问题中的信息点或观点在原文中未提及，可能正确也可能不正确，界定范围模糊。 例：It rained heavily in most areas in North China. Q: It rained in Shanghai. 或It rained in Beijing. F和NG的根本区别在于F肯定与原文发生冲突和排斥，而NG则没有。例：You can go to Shanghai by train or by plane. Q: You must fly to Shanghai. 文中说去上海可有两种方式供选择，而问题则认为仅有一种。问题中的信息点或观点与文中的信息点或作者的观点出现矛盾、冲突。又例：You can go to Shanghai by plane. Q: You must fly to Shanghai. 文中说可以乘飞机去上海，但并没有说这是不是唯一的选择，可能是也可能不是。而问题则认为仅有一种。问题中的信息点或观点与文中的信息点或作者的观点没有出现矛盾和冲突。 解题方法：根据判断题的命题规律和考察角度，我们可以运用简单推理和语言技能分析考察点来作出判断。可从以下几个主要方面考虑： 1. 界定题中考察点和原文对应部分的范围或概念以及相互关系 如果范围或概念一致，并有从属、相容的关系，一般为True。如果范围或概念不一致，并出现冲突则为F。如果范围或概念界定模糊，或范围或概念不一致，但又没有直接冲突则选NG。对NG题原文中没有直接对应句，但可能有干扰句，一般可将干扰句看作参考对应句。 例：You can go to Shanghai by train or by plane.
雅思考试考试题型介绍
雅思考试考试题型介绍 国际英语语言测试系统(International English Language Testing System，即IELTS，以下称雅思)是受广泛认可的语言评估系统，其目的是为准备进入英语国家学习的学生或到英语国家参加非学术培训、工作或移民人士测试英语水平。本书为广大雅思备考者客观评价自己的英文水平，提供了有力依据。 雅思考试由剑桥大学外语考试部(University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations)、英国文化协会(British Council) 与澳大利亚教育国际开发署(IDP Education Pty Limited，经由其下属公司IELTS Australia Pty Limited)联合开发并共同拥有。 考试类型和形式 雅思考试内容涵盖听力、阅读、写作和口语四项语言技能，分为学术列（Academic）和培训类（General Training）两种考试类型。雅思考试由6部分构成。无论是学术类考生还是培训类考生都必须参加内容相同的听力和口语考试，而两类考生因其考试类型的不同，他们的阅读和写作考试的内容也不同。 学术类：适用于计划申请国外高校本科或研究生课程的考生。 培训类：适用于计划移民、申请国外非学术培训、中学课程或出国工作的考生。 考试依据以下程序进行： 听力：4部分，共40题，30分钟。 学术类阅读：3部分，共40题，60分钟。 或 培训类阅读：3部分，共40题，60分钟。 学术类写作：2题，60分钟。 或 培训类写作：2题，60分钟。 口语：11~14分钟。 总考试时间：2小时44分钟。 听力 该部分共有四组考题，每组10题。前两组题目涉及社会课题，开始是两个人的对话，接着是一段独白。后两组题目与教育或培训课题有关，开始是最多4人的对话，跟着是一段独白。考题类型多样化，包括：选择题、简答题、完成句子题、完成笔记／表格／图表／摘要／流程图／时间表题、为图表／设计图／地图做标记题、分类及配对题等。 考生只能听一遍录音，并且需要一边听一边记录答案。录音播完后，考生有10分钟的时间把答案写在答题纸上。 学术类阅读 该部分有三组考题，共40题。考生将阅读三篇文章，文章选自期刊、书本、杂志、报纸等。文章多为大众普遍感兴趣的课题。至少有一篇文章涉及详细的逻辑论证。 考题类型多样化，包括：选择题、简答题、完成句子题、完成笔记／摘要／流程图／图表题、图解标签题、分类及配对题等，以及从一组选项中找出合适的段落标题，说明作者的观点或主张(赞成／反对／没有表明)，或确认对文章内容的理解(正确／错误／没有提供答案)。 培训类阅读 该部分有三组考题，共40题。文章选自通告、广告、传单、报纸、说明书、书本、杂志等。第一组的文章与生活化英语有关，主要是测试考生对正确信息的掌握程度。第二组着重于工作环境，文章内容涉及较复杂的句子。第三组的文章篇幅较长，结构也较为复杂，着重描写和说明而不着重于论证。