没有被动语态的及物动词

众所周知，英语的被动语态是由be＋及物动词的过去分词构成。有人认为似乎所有的及物动词都可转换成相应的被动语。其实不然，至少在某种意义上，有些及物动词不能用于被动语态。

一、当句子的谓语是表示“拥有”、“容纳”、“缺少”概念的及物动词时。例如：

1．The millionaire possesses great wealth．这位百万富翁拥有大量的财富。

不能说：Great wealth is possessed by the millionaire．

2．The newly-constructed reservoir holds a lot of water．新水库蓄水量很大。

不能说：A lot of water is held by the newly-constructed reser-voir．

3．The house comprises five rooms．这幢房子有五个房间。

不能说：Five rooms are comprised by the house．

4，John Smith always lacks confidence．约翰·史密斯总是缺乏自信心。

不能说：Confidence is always lacked by John Smith．

二、当句子的谓语是表示“适合”的及物动词，如suit，become，fit 等时，没有相应的被动语态。

1．The blue skirt becomes Mary very well．这条蓝裙子玛丽穿上去很合适。

不能说：Mary is become very well by the blue skirt．

2．Will the date suit you？这个日子对你合适吗？

不能说：Will you be suited by the date？

3．We should fit our deeds to our words．我们应该言行一致。

不能说：Our deeds should be fitted to our words by us．

三、当句子的谓语是表示“相互作用”的及物动词，如：equal，mean，resemble等时。

1．No one equals him in intelligence．他的智力是无与伦比的。

不能说：He is equaled by no one in intelligence．

2．Revolution means liberating productive force．革命就是解放生产力。

不能说：Liberating productive force is meant by revolution．

3．The two boys resemble each other in appearance．这两个男孩长得相似。

不能说：Each other is resembled by the two boys in appearance．

四、当句子的谓语是表示“明白”意义的及物动词，如：get，catch，take 时，也没有相应的被动语态。

1．The boy said，“I didn’t catch the last two words．”这个男孩说：“我没听清楚最后两个词。”

不能说：The boy said，“The last two words weren’t caught by me．”

2．I don’t take you at all．你说的我一点也不懂。

不能说：You aren’t taken by me a t all．

五、动词have作“有、接受、度过、吃、经历”解时，没有被动语态。

1．I have five good dictionaries．我有五本好词典。

不能说：Five good dictionaries are had by me．

2．I had three letters from Mr．Green．我收到过格林先生三封信。

不能说：Three letters were had by me from Mr．Green．

3．We shall have a good Spring Festival．我们将过一个愉快的春节。

不能说：A good Spring Festival will be had by us．

4．I usually have breakfast at half past six．我通常六点半吃早饭。

不能说：Breakfast is usually had by me at half past six．

六、当及物动词last表示“持续”、“经久”的含义时，也没有相应的被动语态。

This coat has lasted me five years．这件外衣我已穿了五年。

不能说：I have been lasted five years by this coat．

七、及物动词cost表示“价值”、“花费”意义时，没有被动语态。

That project cost them too much in man-power，material and money．那项工程耗费了他们大量的人力、物力和财力。

不能说：They were cost too much in manpower，material and money by the project．

八、及物动词“befall”表示“临到……头上”，“发生于”之意时，没有被动语态。

A succession of misfortunes befell the poor little girl．这个可怜的女孩遭受了种种不幸。

不能说：The poor little girl was befallen by a succession of misfortunes．

综上所述，并非所有的及物动词都可用于被动语态。所以我们要仔细辨析，以免用错。

常见不用被动态形式的短语动词

常见不用被动态形式的短语动词 1. agree with 相符, 适合 Our action must agree with our words. 我们必须言行一致. Rich food doesn’t agree with me. 他不易吃油腻的食物. 2. belong to 属于 The future belongs to the younger generation. 未来属于年轻人. As a writer, he really belongs to the 18th century. 3. break out 爆发,突然开始 The Iraqi War broke out in March 2003. 伊拉克战争爆发于2003年2月. A quarrel broke out between them. 4. come about 发生, 产生, 实现 It came about in this way. 他是这样发生的. How much has come about from the consultation? 5. come across 偶然遇到, 留下印象 I came across him first in Beijing. 我是在北京第一次遇见他的. 6. come into being 形成, 产生 About 200 companies come into being every year. 每年大约有200家公司成立. New ways of thinking have come into being. 新的思想方法形成了. 7. come out 出版, 出来 The book will come out in September. 该书将于9月份出版. My tooth has just come out. 我的牙齿刚长出来. 8. come true 实现 His dream has come true. 他的愿望实现了. 9. come up 被提出, 发芽 The question came up at the meeting. 会议上提到了那个问题. The seeds haven’t come up yet. 种子还没有发芽. 10. consist of 由…组成 Man consists of soul and body. 人由灵魂和肉体组成. 11. date from 始于 The idea of floating continents dates from 1910. 大陆漂游学说始于1910年. This custom dates from the 16th century. 该风俗始于16世纪. 12. do with 忍受 We can’t do with such carelessness.我们不能忍受这种粗枝大叶的作风. 13. give out 用完, 耗尽 He plans to stay there until his money gives out. 他计划在那里呆到钱花完为止. 14. go against 不利, 相反 The situation is going against them. 情势越来越对他们不利. Events went against them.情况发展与他们的意愿相反. 15. go down 被接受, 被记录在案 The idea went down badly. 这个想法不受欢迎. That remark will go down in history. 那番评论将载入史册. 16. go down 发生, 消失 That sort of thing goes on all the time. 那类事一直都在发生.

无被动语态的动词

无被动语态的动词 除不及物动词无被动语态外，有另外六类动词无被动语态： 1．某些表示静态的及物动词： have，suit，hold（容纳），cost，suffer，last（持续）等。 He has a good car．（不说：A good car is had…）他有一辆好汽车。 They were having a bath then．（不说：A bath was

being had…）那时他们正在洗澡。 The shoes don't fit me．（不说：I'm not fitted by…）这双鞋不合适我。 He resembles his father．（不说：His father is resembled by…）他长得像他父亲。 The shirt suits me well．（不说：I'm suited by…）这衬衫很合我身。 The room can hold 500 people．（不说：500 people

can be held by…）这房间能容纳500个人。 The book cost me five dollars．（不说：I was cost five dollars by…）这本书花了我5美元。 They suffered heavy losses．（不说：They were suffered…）他们损失惨重。2．某些由及物动词转变的自动词(不需借助宾语即可表达动作，区别他动词，需要借助宾语表达动作) 这类动词常见的有：

promise（有指望），sell，wash，write，wear，read，break out，run out，give out，add up to，take place，turn out（证实），catch（挂住），等。 。 The goods sell well．（不说：…are sold…） 这些商品畅销。 The clothes wash well．（不说：…are washed…） 这些衣服好洗。 My pen writes

初中英语语法专项练习——被动语态和短语动词

初中英语语法专项练习——被动语态和短语动词 1. Many cities became ________in the following months. A. liberation B. liberating C. liberate D. liberated 2. The book ________. We all like it very much. A. was well written B. well written write C. is well written D. well wrote 3. He ________to going to bed early. A. has got used B. has used C. has been using D. has using 4. A quarrel ________between Xiao Hong and Xiao Fang last night. A was broken out B. broken out C. broke out. D. is broken out 5. This kind of cloth ________very well. A. washes B. is washed C. washed D. is being washed 6. It ________that the meat cooks well. A. seems B. is seemed C. was seemed D. seemed 7. She is a very nice person ________. A. to be worked with B. to be working with C. to work with D. working with 8. The boy ________stealing a pocket-radio from the shop. A. caught B. was caught C. caught in D. was catching in 9. Brooke is so lazy that he ________very soon.

没有被动语态的动词

没有被动语态的动词 作者：佚名文章来源：本站原创 及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的动词短语一般有自己的被动语态。 1.The truth must be found out . (动词+副词) 2.The slow students shouldn’t be looked down upon. (动词+副词+介词) 上面句子中的动词或动词短语一般有自己的宾语，都可以象这样改为被动语态，但是要注意下列情况。 一、系动词和不及物动词没有被动语态。 She seemed tired after she worked a whole day. 常见的系动词look （看起来），sound (听起来)，taste （尝起来），smell （闻起来），feel（感到），go（变得），grow (变得)等。 二、一些不能接宾语的动词短语当然也有被动语态。 1．The war broke out in 1937. 2．The story took place in a small mountain village. 三、甚至有些及物动词和可以接宾语的动词短语要看他们作什么意思讲，有时也 只能有主动语态而不宜于用被动语态。 1．We have six classes every day. (上课) 2．The hall can hold more than 500 people. (容纳) 3．The project lasted 14 years and cost I billion US dollars. (延续) 4．No dish suits all tastes. (适合) 类似的还有fit ,catch ,get ,take ,own ,meet 等。 四、而有些动词和短语兼有及物和不及物两种用法，所以前者有被动语态，而后 者没有。 １．He serves in the Navy Department. (服役，不及物) ２．Hamburger is served in this restaurant. (供应，及物) ３．The plane toke off at eight last night. (起飞，不及物) 类似的还有look into （作往里看，不及物；作调查、研究，及物）look up (作好转，不及物；作查阅，及物)等。 五、而如果及物动词后的宾语是反身代词，相互代词；或者宾语前面有和主语同 一人物的物主代词；或者是同源宾语的动词，也常常不能转换为被动语态。 例如：

动词的被动语态

动词的被动语态 考点一：被动语态的构成及用法 词的被动语态 英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者，叫做主动语态；主语是动作的承受者，叫做被动语态。 例如： We swept the floor. 我们打扫了地板。（主动语态） The floor was swept. 地板被打扫过。（被动语态） 1.被动语态的构成 (1) 被动语态是由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的。 be有人称，数和时态的变化，其变化规则与其作为连系动词的be的变化完全一样。 a被动语态的肯定句 Apple trees are planted in the south. 苹果树种在南方。 b被动语态的否定句 The building hasn't been completed. 这座建筑物没有竣工。 c被动语态的一般疑问句 被动语态的一般疑问句的结构是：Be+主语+过去分词（vt）+（by+宾语）Are they made in China? Yes, they are. Was the museum built in 1993? No, it was built in 1986. d 被动语态的特殊疑问句 被动语态的特殊疑问句的结构是：疑问词+be+主语+过去分词（vt）。 What is the machine used for? It is used for making paper. Where were the car made? They were made in China. (2) 被动语态的几种时态形式： a．一般现在时 结构：主语＋ am / is / are + 过去分词 主动句：She cleans her room every day. 被动句：Her room is cleaned (by her) every day. (肯定句） 否定句：Her room isn’t cleaned (by her) every day. 一般疑问句：Is her room cleaned (by her) every day?

不能用于进行时态和被动语态的动词

1. belong to属于…… Our success belongs to all the people present. 我们的成功属于在座的每一个人。 2. stand, lie等静态动词 这些动词表某物位于某处。 There stands a high building over there. 那边矗立着一座高高的楼房。 3. taste, feel, look, smell, sound 等感官动词 This kind of food tastes good. 这种食物尝起来味道很好。Ice always feels cold to us. 对我们来说冰摸起来总是冷的。 4. stay, keep, remain等动词 The weather has stayed hot recently.最近天气一直很热。 After his election to a high office, he remained modest. 在被选为高级领导干部之后他仍然谦虚。 5. sell well( 畅销), last well(持久), wash well(耐洗), write well(写起来流畅)等动副搭配 This kind of flower sells well. 这种花很畅销。 The pens produced in this factory write well .这家工厂生产的钢笔写起来流畅。 6. wash easily(易洗), break easily(易折), write smoothly(写起来流畅), light easily(易燃)等动副搭配 This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布容易洗。

动词被动语态讲解

模块八动词的被动语态 (1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态； 如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。 主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。 在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。 (2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。助动 词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可 (1) 被动语态的用法： ①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省 略by短语。 如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故) This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的) ②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。 如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻) A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里

将要修建一条铁路) ③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。 如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的) A pet dog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主 人宰杀的) (2) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态： + 受者) + (动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者) (3) 注意点： ①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。如： His teacher gave him a dictionary. →He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典 →他得到老师一本字典) 也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出 原句的间接宾语。 如：His teacher gave him a dictionary. →A dictionary was given to．． him by his teacher.(老师给他一本 字典→一本字典由老师送给了他) /His father made him a kite. →A kite was made for ．．．him by his father.(他的父亲给他做了一个风筝→一个风筝由他的父亲做给了他) ②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时,动词原形前要加to. 如：The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day. →The poor man was made to．． work 12 hours a day.(老板让这个可怜的人一天工作12小时→这个可怜人被迫一天工作12小时)

英语中不能用于被动语态的动词都有哪些

1.need, want, require（要求，需要）, deserve(应得，值得), be worth值得），not bear(经不住) +doing主动表被动。 Eg. The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 The old building requires repairing. 这座古建筑需要修了。 These young seedlings will require/need looking after (=need to be looked after) carefully. 这些幼苗将需要小心的照管。 Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut).你的头发该剪了。 2. 不定式作定语，放在被修饰词后面，与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系，又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系，不定式要用主动表被动含义。 I have much work to do. 我有许多要做的事情。 （与work有动宾关系，与I有主谓关系） Tom is looking for a room to live in. Tom在找一间住的房间。 （与room有动宾关系，与Tom 有主谓关系） He has a family to support.他要维持一个家庭。 （与family有动宾关系，与he有主谓关系） 3. 不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时，结构：主语+系动词+形容词 + 不定式；动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义，如 difficult, easy, comfortable(舒适的), convenient（便利的，方便的), hard, cheap, expensive, 等，不定式用主动表被动。 The question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答。 The work is easy to do. 这项工作很好做。 I found the car comfortable to ride in. 我觉得这种车很好坐。 That makes poetry difficult to write. 那就使得诗很难写。 4. 在be to结构中的一些不定式:这种结构中的不定式通常应用主动表被动。下列动词用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义: Who is to blame for starting the fire? 这场火灾应由谁负责? You are to blame for the accident. 你应为这事受动责备。 The house is to let. 此房出租。 A lot remains to do.还剩下许多事情要做。 5. 系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。 常见的有taste(吃起来), sound (听起来), prove(证明是), feel(摸上去感到), look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)等, 例如: Your reason sounds reasonable. 你的理由听起来很合理。 Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。 6. 一些与can''t或won''t连用的动词。常用的有: lock(锁住), shut(关上) , open(打开), act(上演), write(写)，cut(砍，切)，wear(穿，戴)等,用作不及物动词时，用主动表被动。 例如: The door won''t open.这门打不开。 It can''t move.它不能动。

动词被动语态经典

动词被动语态经典 一、动词被动语态 1．Mr．Green _____ to sing an English song at the party and he sang well． A. was invited B. invited C. is invited D. invites 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】主语Mr．Green是动词invite的承受者，结合sang可知表达的是过去的事情用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词，主语Mr．Green故was，故答案是A． 2．Basketball ____ by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith. A. is invented B. was invented C. invented D. invents 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：篮球是一位叫James Naismith的加拿大医生发明的。主语是动作的执行者，用主动语态，主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。本句中，主语basketball是谓语动词invent的承受者，用被动语态；发明篮球是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时态，故选B。 3．You throw it away. It can . A. needn't; recycle B. needn't; be recycled C. don't need; be recycled 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：你没有必要把它扔掉。它可以被回收利用。need的否定形式是needn't，不必，后跟动词原形；recycle，回收利用，和主语it之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，can 是情态动词，含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+done，故选B。 【点评】此题考查情态动词need和含有情态动词的被动结构。 4．----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places. ----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now. A. isn't allowed B. aren't allowed C. doesn't allow 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟，爸爸。在公共场所不允许吸烟。----哦，对不起，我马上停止。“不允许吸烟”，吸烟smoking在句中作主语，用被动语态。动名词短语smoking作主语，谓语用三人称单数.故选A

初高中英语衔接语法专项练习：IX被动语态和短语动词(含答

IX被动语态和短语动词 1.You ________on the phone. A. want B. are wanted C. are wanting D. are being wanted 2.The 11th Party Congress ________in August 1977. A. was held B. held C. is held D. holds 3.________to attend the memorial meeting? A. Shall we ask B. Shall we be asking C. shall we be asked D. Shall be we asked 4.The machine is ________in the school factory. A. been repaired B. been repaired C. being repairing D. being repaired 5.Chairman Mao’s works ________into scores of languages since 1958. A. have translated B. were translated C. have been translated D. has been translated 6.I haven’t seen him for a week. He ________that day. A. must be wounded B. must have been wounded C. must wound D. must have wounded 7.Another building is going ________right beside the office building. A. to build B. to be building C. to being built D. to be built 8.In a sense, bad things ________into good things. A. can be turned B. can have turned C. can turn D. can be turning 9.The question ________in. A. needn’t brought B. needn’t be brought C. needn’t to be brought D. needn’t bring 10.These blood debts will have ________in blood. A. been paid B. to pay C. paid D. to be paid 11.These criminals are sure________. A. to punish B. to be punishing C. to punished D. to be punished 12.These broken-down cars are ________next month A. repaired B. repairing C. being repaired D. to be repaired 13.Have the doctors________? A. been sent for B. sent for C. been sending for D. being sent for 14.The question has been much ________recently? A. talking about B. talked about C. talking D. talked 15.For this he has been ________twice. A. operating on B. operated on C. operate D. operated 16.So far no conclusion________. A. was arrived B. was arrived at C. has been arrived D. has been arrived at 17.The English evening has ________till Friday. A. put off B. called off C. been put off D. been called off 18.Lots of new words have ________. A. to be looked B. to be looked up C. to look up D. looked up

不能用于被动语态的动词

英语中不能用于被动语态的动词都有哪些？ 最佳答案 你就记住一些动词应用中只能用主动表示被动。 1、Need, want, require, be worth后面接doing主动表被动。 The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 The old building requires repairing. 这座古建筑需要修了。 Your hair wants/needs cutting (needs to be cut).你的头发该剪了。 2、不定式作定语，放在被修饰词后面，与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系，又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系，不定式要用主动表被动含义。 I have much work to do. 我有许多要做的事情。（与work有动宾关系，与I有主谓关系） Tom is looking for a room to live in. Tom在找一间住的房间。（与room有动宾关系，与Tom 有主谓关系） 3、不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时，结构：主语+系动词+形容词+ 不定式；动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义，如:difficult, easy, comfortable, convenient（便利的，方便的), hard, cheap, expensive等，不定式用主动表被动。 The question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答。 The work is easy to do. 这项工作很好做。 I found the car comfortable to ride in. 我觉得这种车很好坐。 4、在be to结构中的一些不定式:这种结构中的不定式通常应用主动表被动。下列动词用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义: Who is to blame for starting the fire? 这场火灾应由谁负责? You are to blame for the accident. 你应为这事受动责备。 The house is to let.此房出租。 A lot remains to do.还剩下许多事情要做。 5、系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste, sound , prove, feel, look，smell等,例如: Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。 Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。 6、一些与can't或won't连用的动词。常用的有: lock, shut , open, act, write，cut，wear等,用作不及物动词时，用主动表被动。例如 The door won't open.这门打不开。It can't move.它不能动。 7、一些动词如sell , wash, clean, burn, cook等与副词如well, easily, perfectly 等连用,描绘事物的特性，用主动表被动，结构是主语+动词+加副词。例如: The book sells well.这种书很畅销。These clothes wash easily.这些衣服很易洗。The pen writes well. 这笔很好写。 8、主语much, a great deal, little, what等，其表语如是不定式，则用不定式的主动表被动。 What is to do? 做什么？Much is to do. 太多要做的事。 9、在“there be”句型中作主语的定语如果现在分词时，所用的现在分词要用主动表被动意义。 There is nothing doing these days. 这些天没事干。 I see there’s a good idea planning. 我知道又在打好主意。

无被动语态的动词及短语

无被动语态的动词及短语 1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态（即多数的瞬间动词）：appear, die(死亡),disappear（消失）, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place. 2) 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语： fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to 3) 系动词无被动语态： appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn等 It sounds good. 4) 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态： die, death, dream, live, life She dreamed a bad dream last night. 5) 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。 (对) She likes to swim. (错) To swim is liked by her.

被动语态特殊用法讲解和练习(无答案)

被动语态的几种特殊用法 一、短语动词（“动词＋介词/ 副词”、“动词＋副词＋介词”），如：look after, laugh at, operate on, bring out, give up, put off, do away with, make up for, look down upon 等作谓语，变被动语态时，要把它们看作一个整体，其中的介词或副词不能漏掉。例如： 1. We look after the baby carefully. 我们小心地照看着婴儿。The baby is looked after carefully. 二、感官动词（see, watch, notice, hear, feel 等）和使役动词（let, make, have 等）用在主动句中，要求后面接不带to 的不定式作宾语补足语，但变被动语态时，要加上to 。因为此时原宾语补足语就变成主语补足语了。例如： 3.I saw the boy play in the street. 我看见男孩在街上玩。The boy was seen to play in the street. 三、带双宾语的句子变被动语态时，如果“直宾”作主语，通常要在“间宾”前加to ，但当谓语动词为make, mend, buy, pay, get, sing, cook, fetch, spare, find 等时，要在“间宾”前加for 。例如： 5. They pass me a letter. 他们递给我一封信。A letter is passed to me. 6. The mother bought her daughter a gift. 那位母亲给她女儿买了一件礼物。 A gift was bought for her daughter. 四、带复合宾语（宾语＋宾语补足语）的句子，即宾语和宾语补足语都是名词或代词充当的句子，变被动语态时，只能将宾语变为被动语态的主语，而宾补保留在谓语后面。例如： 7. They call the girl Lucy. 他们叫那个女孩露茜。The girl is called Lucy. 五、当anybody, anything 等不定代词作主动式否定句的宾语时，变被动语态时，应将其变为nobody, nothing 作被动句的主语，而把被动句的谓语动词变为肯定形式。例如： 8. He hasn't eaten anything until this morning. 到今天早上为止他什么都没吃。 Nothing has been eaten until this morning. 六、有些动词和动词短语是没有被动形式的，也不可用其过去分词作后置定语，如arrive, die, become, disappear, happen, take place, break out, belong to 等。例如： 9. The American Civil War broke out in 1861. 在1861 年美国内战爆发了。 七、当谓语动词为say, report, think, believe, expect, know, consider, suppose 等的句子变被动语态时，有两种形式： A. 用it 作形式主语，而真正的主语用从句的形式来表达，句型为：It is said / reported / supposed / believed that …（据说/ 据报道/ 据推测/ 有人相信……）。例如： 11. People say that he is a doctor. → It is said that he is a doctor. 据说他是个医生。 B. 谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主语补足语。例如： 12. People say that he is a doctor. → He is said to be a doctor. 八、主动形式表被动意义的几种情况。 A. read, act, write, feel, sell, wear, wash, open, shout, clean, cook, keep, play, cut, fill, blow, measure, lock, allow, run, record, begin 等，在主语是物的句子里时，常用主动形式表被动意义。例如： 14. This pen writes smoothly. 这支钢笔很好用。15. The machine runs well. 机器运转良好。 B. 一些表示状态特征的连系动词或一些感官动词，如look, feel, smell, taste, sound, prove, appear 等充当系动词时，用主动形式表被动意义。例如： 16. The roses smell sweet. 玫瑰花闻起来很香。 C. 动词不定式前有形容词light, heavy, easy, difficult, expensive, fit, nice, interesting, dangerous, bitter 等，且与句子主语构成动宾关系时，用主动形式表被动意义。例如： 19. The telephone number “ 119 ” is easy to remember. 电话号码119 很好记。

不及物动词没有被动语态

不及物动词没有被动语态 1. feel类(V+ N. + adj.) 这类动词作系动词的用法时，后面常接形容词或名词，有的后面可接to be，亦可省去。这样的动词有：appear, prove, seem, turn, sound, look, feel, taste, smell, remain等。例如： He proves (to be) honest/(to be)an honest man. —Haven’t seen you for ages! You look fine. — Thanks. You look well. (NMET 1994) I love to go to the seaside in summer. It feels good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea. (NMET 1996) She looks familiar to me, but I don't remember her name. (NMET 1999) 2. read类(V +adj.) 此类动词的主动形式表被动意义，这样的动词有：sell, wash, read , rent, lock, tear, work out, act, break, carry, cook, count, cut, iron, clean, draw, keep, open, wear 等。例如： This sort of cloth washes well. This kind of cloth wears well. Your pen writes smoothly. Your speech reads well. Books of this kind sell well. (上海高考1999) 3. surprise类(V + O) 这类动词本身含有“使…”的意思，这样的动词有：seat, engage , amuse , surprise , becalm , belittle , delight , enable , enrich , remind, remove, strengthen, lengthen, deafen, darken, harden, sadden, worsen, whiten, simplify, solidify等。例如：The kind of medicine has becalmed the patient. Your visit last week delighted him. That story reminded me of an experience I had long ago. We have to take some measures to purify the air in this area.

英语被动语态及与被动句相关的短语

A．熟记结构 被动语态的结构为“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词（p．p）”。被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的，其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。其具体变化为： 一般现在时：am／is／are＋p．p． 一般过去时：was／were＋p．p． 一般将来时：shall ／will be ＋p．p． 现在完成时：have ／has been ＋p．p． 现在进行时：am／is／are＋being＋p．p． 过去将来时：should ／would be ＋p．p． 含情态动词的被动结构：情态动词＋be＋p．p． 被动语态常用于以下两种情况： 1．不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者； 2．强调动作的承受者。 C．熟练转换 1．将主动语态变被动语态的基本方法为： ①将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语； ②谓语动词变为“be＋及物动词的过去分词”，并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态； ③主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。（有时by短语可以省略）。 2．被动语态的一般疑问句是将一个助动词置于主语之前；否定句是在第一个助动词后加not；特殊疑问句的语序为：疑问词＋一般疑问句。例如： Where did they grow vegetables（改为被动语态） Where were vegetables grown 将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况：

1．含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法： ①将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变； ②将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。 2．短语动词的被动语态：在变为被动语态时，要将短语动词视为一个整体，其后的介词或副词不能省去。 3．含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，通常将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。注意：省略to的不定式作宾补时，不定式符号to必须补上。 4．不定式的被动结构：动词不定式的被动语态为“to be ＋过去分词”。 5．以疑问代词开头的疑问句转换成被动句时要注意词序：应将主动句中的疑问代词改为介词by的宾语，但仍然放在句子开头。例如： E．注意区别 被动语态和过去分词作表语的区别： 1）含义不同：被动语态强调动作，重点说明动作由谁完成、怎样完成；而过去分词作表语通常用来描写情景，叙述人或事物的特征及所处的状态。试比较： 2）用法不同：过去分词作表语时可以被 so，very，too等程度副词修饰，而被动语态则不能用so，very，too修饰，而需用much，very much，so much，too much修饰。试比较： 初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型有： 1．be covered with被……覆盖 2．be made of由……制作（发生物理变化） be made from由……制作（发生化学变化） be made in由（某地）制造 be made by被（某人）制造 3．be used for被用来…… be used as被当作（作为）……来使用