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研究生学位英语翻译

研究生学位英语翻译
研究生学位英语翻译

0501

戒严与其说是个人的选择, 不如说是对自己毅力的考验, 因为人们普遍认为吸烟是上瘾的. 尽管专家的建议和药物疗法确实能增加永久戒严的可能性, 但是避免这种困境的最好的方法就是不要涉猎吸烟.

吸烟的负面影响在各个程度上是不同的, 它与吸烟的数量以及烟龄的长短, 还有开始吸烟的年龄有关. 这份报告向以下观点提出了质疑, 这种观点认为吸烟几年不会产生永久的危害性的后果. 我们希望阻止这种普遍的但是却是生死攸关的习惯, 并且提醒大家戒烟的时间越长, 和吸烟有关的健康问题就会大幅度地减少.

It is increasingly realized that ( There is a growing realization /awareness that ) developing environment-protecting products really count. To fulfill the long-term and substantial development, developed countries should at all costs decrease the emission of greenhouse gases. If the speed of global warming nowadays continues, the probability of disappearance from the earth to such big cities as Tokyo and London will be 10 times as fast as that of 20 years ago.

0506

本书是在全国不同学校讲课几十年的结晶.它基于以下观

点:哲学的确是一门有趣的学科, 不仅专家和一些有天赋的本科专业学生可以使用哲学, 人人都可以使用.不论是否上过哲学课, 每个人都是哲学家. 区别在于: 系统学过哲学的人具有这样的优势: 他们遇到的论点要比以其它方式遇到的论点更具有说明力, 种类更多.该书的特点是:它使初学者有机会直接接触选自重要哲学著作并有实质内容的读物,但并不过分地要求学生必须通读这些很难读懂的书籍.

Everyone has the right to pursue happiness ( to the pursuit of happiness), yet definitions of happiness vary from person to person (are quite individualistic.) Most people agree that happiness stems from good health, fulfillment of a desire and a successful career. As often happens, (is often the case), many people don’t recognize (realize) what happiness really means (the real meaning of happiness) until they are distressed (agonized/ in agony)

0512

聪明的人懂得整个人生布局中的一切事物各归其位。他懂得金钱和财富市手段却不是目的。他知道一时的欢愉有别于持久的满足,伟大有别于成名,虔诚有别于迷信,文学艺术领域乃至整个人生的实力有别于做秀。他知道人生命运躲不过邪恶,人生必有所失,疾病和死亡必会临到我们。

聪明的人以平和的心面对这一切。

A day without hope would be unimaginably pale(dull). There must be something to look forward to each day to keep it out of shadows. To a person cherishing hopes every morning rises a new sun. deprived of water, soil turns into desert. Deprived of hope, what is left to a man? A small hope sustains you for a day, a great one for a lifetime.

0606

社会的进步使人们摆脱了繁重的工作,并有时间和余暇发展个性。随着社会的进步,实际上是由于社会的进步,目前中产家庭期望其每一成员发展独特的个性,每一个人也在某种程度上期望发展自己的独特个性。家庭担负的新责任是为发展独特个性创造环境,结果使家人很难达成共识,有时甚至不可能达成共识。对于一个由迥异的个人组成的小群体来说,最棘手的是在同一房檐下十分和谐地生活。此外,家庭还必须要培养青少年的品德,这又增添了当父母的困难。

There are many complaints about the inaccessibility of medical care and high tuitions. However, another thing that

deserves attention is the difficulty of college graduates in getting employed. Those with master’s degrees can no longer find a job as easily as they did ten years ago. Because of the increasingly intense competition for a position, academic excellence and proficient expertise will not necessarily be translated into an ideal job. Education authorities have been seeking ways to create more opportunities of employment.

0701

世界变平产生一些意外的后果,其一就是不同的社会和文化可以更多地直接接触。人们之间连接的速度之快使人和社会措手不及。一些文化凭借全球亲密接触突然带来的合作机遇兴旺发达(蓬勃发展)。另一些文化却由于这种亲密接触而感到灰心丧气,甚至感到自尊受到伤害,原因是这种亲密接触的后果之一是使人们轻易的发现彼此在世界上的位置。所有这一切有助于说明为什么现在会出现一种最具有杀伤力的力量―――自杀性爆炸者和其他恐怖组织。这些组织不顾人们的死活,消灭它们最符合我们的利益。

This act is intended (aims) to introduce education reform in America’s elementary and secondary schools and give all children the access to high-quality education. The ultimate goal is to ensure that no one is left behind. As a result of the

implementation of this act, schools enjoy more flexibility to use resources where they are needed most. Parents can get more involved in the child’s education.

0706

在本书中,我们提出一些建议,我们希望这些建议看起来合理并值得认真考虑。但有经验的作者都知道,有时最好的建议也可能不适用。写书要针对不同的读者,具有不同的目的,有关不同的题材,语言的正式程度也不同,所有这一切提出种种要求,本书是无法预见到的。我们也意识到对某一作品是合适的内容而对另一作品来说可能不合适。在多数情况下,你只好不惜代价把含义表达清楚(避免含义不清),目的是防止人们随意曲解你使用的文字。

The limited natural resources on which China’s sustainab le development depends are declining sharply. On one hand, the expanding scale of production leads to (results in) increased consumption of energy / the scale of production keeps expanding, consuming more energy. On the other hand, production facilities (equipment) that can utilize energy efficiently are lacking. That (This) forces us to think about how to leave enough environmental space to future generations (our offspring) so that they can fulfill their aspirations.

0801

英国先前奉行的殖民政策导致了英语在全球的普及。美国无所不在的影响又加剧了英语的广泛使用。但是英语作为国际语言的霸主地位是福也是祸。只举其一,他加速了一些语言的灭绝。人们一直在想是否有可能创造一种世界语言,从而有望结束那些语言引起的麻烦和冲突。令人遗憾的是,使世界语言一直的尝试收效甚微,原因是某一语言的本族语者不愿意把另一语言当做自己的母语。放弃自己的母语就等于失去自己民族的基本特征。

According to the latest statistics, 67percent of the U.S. Population have access to the Internet, a percentage six times that of China(as large as China's). Despite the influential(huge) role of the Internet, many problems(issues) are far from settled(solved), such as the invasion(attack) of viruses and information security. Even if it is possible to find final(eventual) solutions, it will take painstaking efforts and many years.

0806

在现实世界中,人的个性复杂,动机不明,结局不定。与此不同的是,电视展现的世界简单明了。在一部又一部电视剧中,奖惩快速实现,设计合理。危机得到解除,问题得到解决,正义

总是战胜邪恶。剧中的主人公们特点明确:或是廉洁奉公,或是腐败堕落;或是大公无私,或是目标远大;或是讲究效率,或是多愁善感。为了被尽可能多的观众接受并使故事引人入胜,情节主线贯穿的是最能被人接受的道德观和正义感,而不考虑这些观念是否符合现实。电视剧插播的一个接一个的广告有时让你发疯。

The Chinese have traditionally attached importance to education, especially the education of children. Many parents have their children attend various training courses to increase their chance of being admitted by the ideal high schools. Experts, however, point out that keeping children curious about and interested in science will facilitate their intellectual development.

A child without any creativity and imagination can hardly go very far.

0901

形势要求某一学科改变研究方法,该学科主要革新者迎接

新形势的挑战时,可能采取若干形式,而且由于不同学术带

头人对某一形式有不同的反应,会出现彼此对立的学派。标

准教科书的使用加剧了对立局面并使其长期存在。任何基于

经验的科学必须能处理属于自己领域内的现象。一旦某个观

察被认为是相关的,该学科的理论和描述分析方式必须能科

学地对这一观察加以处理,内容详尽、观点一致和省钱省力是基本原则。把某一学科延伸到新的相关领域可能要求沿着先前的路线对现有的理论作进一步的阐述和表达。

说明:l)第句中的respond to也可译成“对……做出反应”;2)把schools译成“学校”

要扣分;3)a particular situation不能译成“特殊的形势”;

4) economy也可译成“经济”。

Students in China spend much time on English than on other courses (subjects), for it requires(demands/calls for) extensive reading, mechanical memorization and regular revision. Teachers have students do a lot of exercises involving (that involve) multiple choices, only to neglect (ignore) the cultivation (development) of the ability to use English actively. There are both advantages and disadvantages to this test-oriented teaching approach/This test-oriented teaching approach has both advantages and disadvantages

说明:1)如果把第句译成the time high school students spend on English is much more

than…,这不符合英语习惯,要扣分。than后面的on建议不要省略;2)“需要”最好不要用need来翻译;3)“机械翻译”小要译为mechanical memory或recitation; 4)电可用make 或let翻译“让”,但如果写成make sb. to do,要扣分;5)“结

果是”也可译为as a result或consequently; 6)把“主动使用英语的能力”洋为the ability of using/that uses,要扣分;7)“应试教育”也可译为test-centered或test-focused teaching。

0906

某一学科的变化和进展(进步)取决于众多因素。每一学科都是过去的产物,上一代人达到的水平是下一代人的起点。但任何一个学科都不是在真空中发展的,都要参照或接触其他学科和总的学术环境。科学家和从事学术研究的人要受自己所处的时代和国家影响,他们不可能脱离文化生活。科学发展的道路(进程)不仅受过去的影响,也受当时世界的社会环境和知识前提的影响。学科的应用和其他人对该学科的期望可能在很大程度上决定(左右)学科发展和变化的方向。

It usually takes three years to get a master’s degree in China. After accumulating (Having accumulated) enough credits in the first year, students will proceed (go on) to complete (finish) a thesis in the last two years. Not only does this thesis have to be of some academic value, but reflect (embody / demonstrate) the student’s ability for (to do) scientific research. The increasing weight (emphasis) placed on academic integrity (honesty) will contribute to higher moral standards in the scientific community.

1001

语言用于文化传播极大地加速了人类的进步。任何个人积累的知识利经验都可通过语言

传给另人,结果是,再多的演示(示范)也无法取代语言的作用。从此意义卜说,发明印刷

术的重要性小论怎样夸大都小过分。目前,只要有文化并理解涉及的内容,任何人都能得到和利用世界任何地方的任何成就。最发达的动物交流系统尽管被授予语言的雅号,但同使用口头或笔头语言相比,也有天壤之别。

说明:下列翻译方式要酌情扣分:1)把a particular person 翻译为“某个特殊的人”;2)把so that翻译为“日的是”;3)把no amount of翻译为“没有量”;4)把from these uses of language翻译为“从语言的这些使用当中”。

To generate (produce) the same amount of electricity, China consumes four times as much energy as the world average (the consumption of energy in China is four times the world average / China consumes three times more energy than) Since the outset (turn / beginning) of this century, increasing productivity while conserving energy has bcen one of the utmost (biggest) concerns of the Chinese government. No country, be it (whether it be) China or the United States, can achieve

sustainable development without taking into consideration (account) / giving consideration to the interest of future generations (the offspring) / unless the interest of the offspring is taken into consideration.

说明: 下列翻译方式要酌情扣分:

第一句: for producing..., the same number..., as many energy, ...energy four times as much as, four times energy as much as..., four times of the world average, the energy China consumes is four times as much as the average amount of the world (汉语思维)

第二句: from the beginning of this century, increasing products, has been one of the concern..., is one of the concerns..., one of the things government concerns most /is concerned most /is concerning most / https://www.sodocs.net/doc/0d462561.html,ernment most

第三句: any country...cannot..., can not (不能分开写), China or the United States, no matter (it is) China or . , both China and..., either China or..., realize sustainable development, offsprings, any country...cannot..., no country is possible to achieve sustainable development if... (属于严重错误)

1006

之所以不把二氧化碳列为污染物,是因为二氧化碳是大气

的天然成分,植物进行生物合成需要二氧化碳。正如人们普遍认为人的饮食不可缺少维生素D一样,也都认为二氧化碳是大气不可缺少的成分。但是摄入过多的维生素D会有很大的副作用。生命系统,不论是生态系统还是生物,都需要在某些化合物之间保持微妙的平衡,以确保系统功能正常。尽管少量的某种物质是必要的,但当该物质过量出现威胁生态系统的健康时,就具有了毒副作用。

The fast development of telecommunications has made the cell (mobile) phone popular among (a favorite of) high schoolers (high school students). Despite its multiple (many) functions, the cell phone has some negative (adverse) effect on the academic performance of teenagers, such as cheating on a test or distraction (lack of attention / lack of concentration / a shortened attention span) in class. Besides, regular use of a cell phone ends up with less face-to-face communication while chronic exposure to the radiation from the cell phone can lead to (result in / cause ) the decline of memory or increase the chance (odds / prospect) of developing a brain tumor.

1101

沙漠化是由人为因素和气候变化造成的,是土地退化的一

个过程。过度开垦和落后的灌溉方法等人类活动正在把需要几百年才能形成的肥沃土壤变成贫瘠的地块。由于缺乏可持续使用土地的方法,贫困农民只好开垦退化的土地,结果却导致恶性循环,所以说解决农村贫困问题是抗击沙漠化的关键。只要促使水土不断流失的环境力量存在,任何一个长期扶贫战略都不会成功。根据目前对气候变化的预测,如果促成气候变化的因素得不到解决,干旱引发的困难和人类遭受的损失就有可能增加。

Over the past few years, the price of housing in some parts of Beijing has quadrupled (increased fourfold / four times), making (rendering) it impossible for many of the young to buy (afford) a house in an ideal neighborhood / making a house in an ideal neighborhood unaffordable for many of the young / so that many of the young can’t afford a house in an ideal neighborhood. Whatever the reason (cause), the high price of housing is likely to increase (add to) the financial pressure on parents. The ordinary people can do nothing about it but voice (express) their dissatisfaction (discontent). Fortunately, there are data that suggest that the effort of the central government to bring the price of housing under control is beginning to work (produce effect).

评分建议:

1.第1句应该用完成时翻译。“翻两番”的英文是quadruple

(字典的解释是increase fourfold),是超纲词汇,可用increase或rise等词翻译,但不能说increase (by) three times (是原来的三倍,相当于triple)。表达倍数时,汉语思维有时不灵。

2.…making sb. difficult / impossible to do sth.是严重错误,建

议扣分。也可用定语从句翻译。使用逗号时,后面不宜用this或that之类词。

3.把“小区”翻译为community也可接受。

4.“不论什么原因”也可翻译成for whatever reason。

5.“很可能”不能翻译成…is probable to do sth.或is quite

possible to do sth.,建议多扣分。

6.“对……采取行动”常用介词about,不宜用with或for。

此外,…can do nothing…but to do…/ doing也要酌情扣分。

7.注意“不满”的英语单词形式,错误使用unsatisfactory或

dissatisfied等形式要扣分。

1106

没人会花很长时间来决定是阅读印刷的广告还是听播

放的广告。如果广告不能马上吸引人们的注意力,使其专注片刻,足以理解广告内容,那么这个广告会惨败。因此,广告词的效果必须是立竿见影,马上让你心动。广告词必须让人关注所介绍的产品,突出其性能,简明介绍购买它的理由,

最好使读者或听众对产品的介绍留下深刻印象,并能长久回荡在其脑海里。

Jobs come easily to college graduates who …( Some college graduates can find jobs / work / employment / get employed easily, who…) are characterized by academic excellence and the willingness to do low-income / poorly-paid jobs. The two factors are equally important / of equal importance / equal in importance. Working where you can prove your own worth / value is a crucial / key step towards success. For example, Obama started as a community organizer, who was unlikely to expect (could not have expected / probably did not expect ) that he could become president of the United States.

以下翻译方式酌情扣分:

1.…graduates are easy to find jobs. 属于严重错误。

2.…find a work. work不可数.

3.….characterized by willing to…或…willingness of doing….

4.…factors are the same important. 属于严重错误。

5.…prove the value of oneself / oneself’s value (worth)

6.…who was impossible to expect…属于严重错误。…who could not expect…

1.1 Jobs come easily to college graduates who are characterized by academic excellence and the willingness to do low-income jobs.

1.2 Some college graduates can get employed easily. What they have in common is good academic performance and willingness to do low-income jobs.

1.3 It is easy for some college graduates to find a job. They usually have a good academic record. They are also willing to do poorly-paid jobs.

2.1 The two factors are of equal importance. equal in importance

2.2 The two factors are equally important

3.1 It is a key step to success to be able to work in a position that shows your abilities.

3.2 Working where you can prove your own value is a crucial step towards success.

4.1 For example, Obama started as a community organizer, who was unlikely to expect that he could become president of the United States.

4.2 For example, Obama started as a community organizer. He could not have expected that he could become president of the United States.

4.3 For example, Obama’s first job was a community organizer. It was impossible for him to anticipate presidency of the United States.

2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析

2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析 考研历年真题一定要用好,研究好。结合大纲和真题来选择辅导用书是最明智的。本文带大家回顾2019考研英语一真题翻译参考答案及解析: Part C Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points) It was only after I started to write a weekly column about the medical journals, and began to read scientific papers from beginning to end, that I realised just how bad much of the medical literature frequently was. I came to recognise various signs of a bad paper: the kind of paper that purports to show that people who eat more than one kilo of broccoli a week were 1.17 times more likely than those who eat less to suffer late in life from pernicious anaemia. (46) There is a great deal of this kind of nonsense in the medical journals which, when taken up by broadcasters and the lay press, generates both health scares and short-lived dietary enthusiasms. Why is so much bad science published? A recent paper, titled “The Natural Selection of Bad Science”, published on the Royal Society’s open science website, attempts to answer this intriguing and important question. It says that the problem is not merely that people do bad science, but that our current system of career advancement positively encourages it. What is important is not truth, but publication, which has become almost an end in itself. There has been a kind of inflationary process at work: (47) nowadays anyone applying for a research post has to have published twice the number of papers that would have been required for the same post only 10 years ago. Never mind the quality, then, count the number. (48) Attempts have been made to curb this tendency, for example, by trying to incorporate some measure of quality as well as quantity int o the assessment of an applicant’s papers. This is the famed citation index, that is to say the number of times a paper has been quoted elsewhere in the scientific literature, the assumption being that an important paper will be cited more often than one of small account. (49) This would be reasonable if it were not for the fact that scientists can easily arrange to cite themselves in their future publications, or get associates to do so for them in return for similar favours. Boiling down an individual’s o utput to simple metrics, such as number of publications or journal impacts, entails considerable savings in time, energy and ambiguity. Unfortunately, the long-term costs of using simple quantitative metrics to assess researcher merit are likely to be quite great. (50) If we are serious about ensuring that our science is both meaningful and reproducible, we must ensure that our institutions encourage that kind of science. 46-50参考答案及解析:

大学英语翻译课堂教学存在的问题以及对策

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英语翻译课程学习方法 一、传统教材与新教材的关系从今年始,英汉互译的自学考试将由全国高等教育自学考试 指导委员会统一组织实施和管理。这对统一全国考生的要求,提高翻译实践能力和水平都是件好事。目前,相关的统编教材,由庄绎传所编写的《英汉翻译教程》已出版发行。这本教材采用了与传统教材不一样的编写思路。不再是以词、句为单位进行翻译方法,如直译、意译等方法及词类转换,增词、减词之类的技巧进行学习,而是直接进入篇章,以各种文体的篇章为单位进行练习。这是一种创新,是有助于提高考生实际翻译能力的。因为我们在翻译实践中很少情况只是译词或译句,而是篇章的翻译。所以,这将更接近于我们的工作实际了。但这也会为初学翻译的学生带来一些不利条件,那就是对翻译的基本方法与技巧缺乏认识。所以在新教材的第404 页“有关说明与实施要求”中提到参考书,明确指出由张培基等人编写的《英汉翻译教程》(上海外语教育出版社)一书,以及吕瑞昌等人编写的《汉英翻译教程》(陕西人民出版社)一书仍是重要的参考书,我认为作为初学翻译的同志这两本书是一定要看一看的。当然这两本教材也有其明显的不足,即仅以词、句为单位探讨翻译,而没有进入篇章的层次。我们如果把两种教材结合起来,以老教材为辅,以新教材为主,会有较好的成效。 二、篇章翻译的几个问题首先,凡是一个篇章,就会遇到文体的问题,就是我们必须明确 我们所要译的文章是文学作品还是科学、法律方面的文章,是一篇简介性的文字还是一篇讲演词。因为不同文体的文章在表现形式上是很不一样的,如法律文体有一些法律常用词语,科技也会各自有一些专门术语,应用文有时有严格的格式要求,文学则更为复杂,因为其中对话,描述,心理描写,景物或人物描写又各有不同。议论文句式严谨,语言正式,长句较多,等等,这在遣词用句上都有差异。这本教材在P395页“课程内容与考核目标” 都有粗略的说明。请学员认真看一下,并可结合其他有关参考书丰富其内容,以便有更好的掌握。 其次是语域问题。 所谓“语域”(register)是指具有某种具体用途的语言变体,我们可以从交际领域、交际方式和交际关系把语言分成不同的语域,如从交际双方的社会地位和社会关系来说,英语可以分为冷漠体,正式体,商量体,随便体,亲密体等五种,如果从交际领域来分又可以分成正式体,半正式体,公共核心体,半非正式体,非正式体等。不同的语域语言变体彼此是有区别的,如果用几个简单的例子来说明一下就会看得很清楚。如“汤姆病了,今天没去上学”,如果说Tom didn't go to school ,because he was ill. 这就是一句公共核心语,而如果说Tom was ill ,so he didn't go to school.这就是口语体,即非正式语体,如果说:Being ill ,T om didn't go to school 或Tom didn't go to school because of illness. 都是正式语体(当然这句话的内容用这种句式表达并不合适)。从中我们可以看到用原因从句的表达方式是比较正常的,用so连接的句子显得不怎么正式,用抽象名词和分词短语的形式都显得十分正式。另外有些表示相同意思的不同表示形式也有语域方面的区别。如according to和in accordance with,前者为公共核心语,而后者为正式用语,It is important 和It is of importance相比,也是前者为公共核心语,而后者为正式体。甚至连冠词的用法都可以表示这种区别,The horse is a useful animal;A horse is a useful aninal;Horses are useful animals.第一种用定冠词加单数名词表示类属的是正式用法,而用不定冠词加单数名词表示类属的则为公共核心语,最后一种,复数泛指的类属表示法则为非正式语体。 所以,我们在接触一个篇章时,弄清它的语域情况是十分重要的。因为这将决定我们在翻译时如何选词组句,例如,我们看到下面一个句子:After an hour of climbing,we finally found ourselue's at zhurong Peak,the very apex of Mt ,Hengshan,towering 1,296m

学位英语作文(带中文翻译)

My View on E-mail Electronic mail, or E-mail for short, is a new way of communication by means of computers. Fast, cheap and convenient, E-mail is so popular that it has become an indispensable means of communication. Millions of computers all over the world have been connected to form a global network, namely the Internet. You can send and receive by E-mail documents, letters and papers to anyone in other countries in no time. By using E-mail you can also store, delete, compile information. In a word, E-mail helps you overcome spatial and time limitations in communication. With the rapidly growing popularity of computers and the expansion of information highway, E-mail is expected to play a more and more important role in our lives. 我对于电子邮件的看法 电子邮件简称电邮, 是通过电脑来交流的一种新的方式. 它快速、便宜、方便、电子邮件 如此的流行以致于它已经变成了一种必不可少的交流方式. 全世界成百上千万的电脑连在一起形成了一个全球网络称做互联网. 你可以在很短时间 内把文件、信、论文通过电子邮件发给其他国家的任何一个人. 通过使用电子邮件你还可以贮存、删除和归类信息. 总之电子邮件可以帮助你克服交流上的空间和时间的限制. 随着计算机的迅速普及以及信息高速公路的扩展, 电子邮件一定会在我们的生活当中扮 演越来越重要的角色. The Disadvantage of Living in a City Tired of the city life, some city-dwellers opt for city suburbs as their residence. They are flocking there to avoid people-in the city, wherever you look, it’s people, people, people. It’s not strange for them complain about the living conditions in the city. It takes ages for a bus to get to you because the traffic on the roads has virtually come to a standstill. The subways which leave or arrive every few minutes are packed : an endless procession of human sardine tins. All the simple, good things of life like sunshine and fresh air are at a premium. Tall buildings blot out the sun. The flow of traffic goes on continuously and the noise never stops. Decades of years ago, people were crazy about crowding into the city. Now more and more people believe that only a madman would choose to live in a large modern city. 居住在城市的弊端 因为对城市生活感到厌倦. 一些住在城里面的人都渴望搬到郊区居住. 他们涌向那儿目的 是为了避开人群. 因为在城里无论你往哪儿看到处都是人. 人们抱怨城里面的居住条件是不奇怪, 由于马路上的交通几乎停滞, 公共汽车似乎要过几 年才能到达你身边. 几分钟一班的地铁装满了人. 无休止的人排队买沙丁鱼罐头. 所有简单好 的东西象阳光、新鲜的空气都成了一种奢求. 高大的建筑挡住了阳光, 交通川流不息, 噪声从不 停止. 几十年前人们疯狂的涌入城市, 现在越来越多的人认为只有疯子才会居住在现代大都市里.

研究生英语综合教程(上)熊海虹课后部分翻译答案 (1)1

第一单元 “一年365 天,一周7 天,一天24 小时,生意始终在进行,那意味着一年365 天,一周7 天,一天24 小时,竞争也同样在进行,”豪特说,“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’!这就是说,你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来,而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样,不仅对那些行动快速的人们,也对那些思维敏捷,并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作,而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。 “Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut. “One way that companies win is by getting …there? faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move q uickly, but you have to know how t o decide where …there? is! This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.” 最后,职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师们来说,当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时,便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。 Lastly, professional status encompasses adherence to ethical standards. Most lawyers find self worth in setting an example—both within the profession and within the larger society—as ethical actors. When management affirms the special respect due to lawyers who act with the utmost integrity and civility in all of their professional dealings, it provides yet another form of compensation. 第四单元 很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友,在学校的表现,如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况,以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系情感连系。正是因为这些原因,人们与家庭成员的早期亲密关系才如此至关重要。在人情冷漠的环境中(如孤儿院,某些寄养家庭,或缺乏关爱的家庭)长大的孩子会出现情感和社会性发育不良,语言和运动技能迟缓,以及精神健康问题。Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults. It is for these reasons thatpeople's early intimate relationships within their family of origin1 are so critical. Children who are raised in impersonal environments (orphanage, some foster homes, or unloving families) show emotional and social underdevelopment, language and motor skills retardation, and mental health problems. 一开始让人相互吸引的是什么?许多人相信“世上有一个人是你为之而生的”,而且命运会将你俩带到一起。这样的想法很浪漫却不现实。实证研究发现,是文化标准和价值观而非命运,将人们连系在一起。我们错过了成千上万的可能的爱人,因为他们早就被正式的或非正式的挑选理想爱人的准则筛选出局,这些准则包括年龄、种族、地域、社会阶层、宗教、性倾向、健康状况或外表。 What attracts individuals to each other in the first place? Many people believe that "there's one person out there that one is meant for" and that destiny will bring them together. Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic. Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values, not fate, bring people together We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are "filtered out" by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due ton factors such as age, race, distance, Social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearanc e. 第五单元 做瑜伽没有场地的限制,一套瑜伽动作通常需要20 分钟到两个小时或者更多的时间,而一个小时左右的时间则是一系列动作和冥想的最佳选择。根据瑜伽师和学派的不同,一些瑜伽动作做起来辛苦异常,而另一些却只是在呼吸和心跳平稳的情况下调整和伸展肢体。每天练习瑜伽会达到最好的效果,随着动作越来越熟练,你就可以加大强度和难度这样瑜伽就能成为你相伴终生的日常锻炼方式了。练习基础的瑜伽动作即可收到增强力量,改善柔韧性并使人感到舒适的效果,但要想达到完美和高深的境界还是需要日积月累的练习,这也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一。 Yoga routines can take anywhere from 20 minutes to two or more hours, with one hour being a good time investment to perform a sequence of postures and a meditation. Some yoga routines, depending on the teacher and school, can be as strenuous as the most difficult workout, and some routines merely stretch and align the body while the breath and heart rate are kept slow and steady. Yoga achieves its best results when it is practiced as a daily discipline, and yoga can be a life-long exercise routine, offering deeper and more challenging positions as a practitioner becomes more adept. The basic positions can increase a person?s strength, flexibility and sense of well-being almost immediately, but it can take years to perfect and deepen them, which is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many. 第七单元 人性的恒定性是众所周知的,因为没有人相信一个人能够从根本上改变他的本性。这就是为什么一个恶名远扬的人很难重建公众对他的信心。人们凭经验知道某一年中表现出无赖性格的人不太可能在第二年有任何改观。小偷也不会变成值得信赖的员工。吝

英语翻译课程教案

1 Repetition 重译/重复法 Let’s revise our safety and sanitary regulations. 我们来修改安全规则和卫生规则吧。 2 Amplification 增译法 To the east and the south a faint pink is spreading. 东南方呈现一抹浅红,正在向远处扩展。 3 Omission 减译法 For generations, coal and oil have been regarded as the chief energy source to transport man from place to place. 几十年来,煤和石油一直被认为是交通运输的主要能源。 4 Conversion 词类转换法 The volume of trade has increased tremendously to the advantage of both countries. 贸易的剧增给两国带来了益处。 5 Inversion 词序调整法 There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met. 我们访问了一些地方,遇到了不少人,要谈起来,奇妙的事可多着呢。 6 vision and combination分译法、合译法 Daybreak comes with thick mist and drizzle. 黎明时分,大雾弥漫,细雨蒙蒙。

She is intelligent, ambitious and hard-working. She is also good at solving problems. 她很有才智、雄心勃勃、工作努力,还善于解决问题。(两句合一) 7 Negation 正说反译,反说正译法 Self-service bookstand 无人售书处 The change of the voices 语态变换法 The existence of oil wells has been known for a long time. 人们很早就知道油井的存在。 8 Annotation加注法 I’m Peter Darwin. Everyo ne asks, so I may as well say at once that no, I’m not related to Charles. 我叫彼得?达尔文。谁都会对我的名字产生怀疑,我不妨当下说个明白:我与进化论创始人查尔斯没有关系。 9 Paraphrase 释义法 He was smooth and agreeable. 他待人处事八面玲珑。 10 Adaptation/ domestication归化 He thought of Mildred’s small heart-shaped face, and how it lit up when she laughed. 他想起米尔德里德那张小巧的瓜子脸,一笑总是满面春风。

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