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高一必修1英语第三单元Unit3专题复习(含要点知识、例题和解析)解析

高一英语必修一Unit 3 Travel Journal专题复习

重点单词

1．journal [?d??:nl] n．日记；杂志；定期刊物→journalist [?d??:n?l?st]n．记者

e.g. a journalist for a local journal ...(刊物、杂志)的记者

2．transport [?tr?nsp?:t] cn. & vt.运输；运送→transportation [,tr?nsp?:’te??n] un．交通

【区别】transport cn.强调具体的运输，特别是运输器材

transportation un.强调概念上的运输，如：bus transportation 公交运输

3．prefer [pr??f?:(r)] vt.更喜欢

→preferable [’prefr?bl] adj.较适合的；更可取的→preference [’prefr?ns] n．偏爱；爱好；喜爱4．disadvantage [?d?s?d?vɑ:nt?d?] n．不利，劣势，短处；→advantage[?d'va:nt?d?] (反义词) 5．persuade [p??swe?d] vt.说服；劝说

→persuasion[p??swe??n] n．劝服→persuasive [p?’swe?s?v] adj.劝说的；有说服力的6．graduate [?gr?d?u?t] n.大学毕业生；vi.毕业graduate from；→graduation [’gr?d??'e??n] n．毕业7．schedule [?sked?u:l] n．时间表；进度表vt.计划，安排sth. be scheduled

8．stubborn [?st?b?n] adj.顽固的；固执的

9．organize [??:g?na?z]vt.组织；成立→organi zed adj.有组织的→organization [??:g?na??ze??n]n．组织10．determine [d??t?:m?n]vt.决定；确定；下定决心

→determined adj.坚决的；有决心的→determination [d?,t?:m?’ne??n] n．决心

11．journey [?d??:ni]n．陆地旅行voyage 海上航程

tour 游览，观光trip 短途旅行

12．bend n．转弯处e.g. The crash occurred on a sharp bend. 撞车发生在一个急转弯处。

vt. (bent, bent) 使弯曲bend sth.

vi. (bent, bent)弯身；弯腰e.g. She bent and picked up a plastic bucket. 她弯腰提起一个塑料桶。13．attitude [??titju:d]n．态度；看法→one’s attitude to/towards 对...的态度

14．forecast [?f?:kɑ:st]n. & vt.预测；预报

15．reliable [r??la??bl] adj.可信赖的；可靠的

16．view[vju:]n．风景；观点；vt.观看；

17．beneath[b??ni:θ]prep.在……下面

e.g. She found pleasure in sitting beneath the trees. 她喜欢坐在树下。

【笔记】find pleasure in (doing) sth. 引以为乐

重点短语

1．ever since从那以后

2．be fond of 喜欢

3．care about 关心；担心

4．change one’s mind 改变主意

5．make up one’s mind (to do sth.)下定决心6．give in (to sb.) 投降；屈服7．as usual 通常

8．at midnight 在午夜

9．dream about doing 梦想干某事10．graduate from 从……毕业11．at an altitude of 在……高度12．put up a tent 搭起帐篷

13．for one thing, ... , for another, ... 一方面，... ，另一方面 ...

14．can’t/can hardly wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事

I have known him ever since I was a child. 我自孩提时代起就已经认识他了。

I've been busy ever since eight o'clock this morning. 我从早晨八点钟起就一直忙个不停. Ⅰ.词汇短语过关

1．transport n. & vt. 运送；运输

transport sb./sth. to... 把……运到……

means of transport交通工具public transport公共交通

3．persuade vt. 劝说；说服；persuasion [p??swe?d]n. 说服；信服；信念

persuasive adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的

persuade sb. to do sth.＝persuade sb. into doing sth.说服某人做某事

persuade sb. not to do sth.＝persuade sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不做某事

persuade sb. of sth. /persuade sb.＋that 从句使某人相信……

[即学即练3]

(1)I have never persuaded him to/into take/taking others' advice. 我从没说服过他听从别人的劝告。take one’s advice听从劝告

(2)She tried to persuade him to change his mind.她试图劝他改变主意。

(3)How can I persuade you of my sincerity[s?n?ser?ti:]? ＝How can I persuade you that I am sincere?我怎样才能使你相信我的诚意呢？

【比较】persuade/advise

①advise 表示“建议劝告”，不看结果，而persuade 强调“说服”；

②advise doing sth.；advise that sb. (should) do sth.建议某人做某，而persuade 不能这么表达。

4．determine vt.&vi. 决定；确定；(使)下定决心；determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的

determination n. 决心

①determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事

②determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作，非延续性动词短语)

be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态，可与表示时间段的状语连用)

determine that/be determined that... 决心/定做某事

③determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下决心做某事

[即学即练4]

(1)I have determined on/upon going to the countryside after graduation. 我已决定毕业后到农村去。

(2)He firmly determined to rise in the world whatever it took.他下定决心无论如何都要出人头地。

(3)We are determined to catch up with them in a month.我们下定决心一个月内赶上他们。

(4)The teacher's encouraging words determined him to work hard. 老师鼓舞的话使他决心努力学习。5．attitude n. 态度；看法[即学即练5]

(1)What's your attitude to/towards the plan? 你对此计划看法如何？

(2)It's not his work that bothers me; it's his attitude. 困扰我的不是他的工作，而是他的态度。

【分析笔记】have a...attitude to/towards... “对……有……的态度”

6．care about 关心，在乎，在意

care for sth./sb. 喜欢某人/物；照料某人（不一定是无时无刻）

take care of sb.＝=look after sb.照顾某人（无时无刻）

take care 当心；小心with care 小心地

medical care 医疗服务

[即学即练6]

(1)He doesn't care much about what happens to me.他不太关心我所发生的事。

(2)Would you care for a drink? 你想喝一杯吗？

(3)The state must care for the families of soldiers killed in the war. 国家必须照料阵亡军人家属的生活。

7．change one's mind(s) 改变主意

make up one's mind(s) (to do sth.)下定决心

call/bring sth. to mind 回忆起某事

lose one's mind 发疯

have...in mind 打算；考虑

bear/keep sth. in mind=remember sth. by heart 记住……

[即学即练7]

(1)Since getting to know him better, I've changed my mind about him.更深入地了解了他以后，我改变了对他的看法。

(2)Have you made up your mind about what to do? 你已经拿定主意做什么了吗？

(3)He will bear/keep the beautiful girl in mind forever.他将永远记住那位美丽的姑娘。

8．Give短语

sb. give in (to sb./sth) （想某人）屈服；投降give in sth. 上交某物give away sth. 赠送；泄漏；出卖give back sth. 归还

give off sth. 放出；散发出(液体、气体、气味、热量、能量、光、声音)

give out 分发；用完；消耗尽，筋疲力尽

give up 放弃，戒掉

give over sth. (to sb.)移交give way to 给……让路[即学即练8]

(1)He has given in to our views finally.他最终顺从了我们的意见。

(2)Everyone must give in their reports before they leave.每个人在走之前必须上交他们的报告书。

(3)Don't tell her; she is sure to give away all your secrets.不要告诉她，她一定会泄露你所有的秘密。

(4)The police gave up searching for the missing child.警察放弃寻找那个丢失的孩子。

(5)The teacher gave out our papers before the class.上课之前，老师给我们分发了试卷。

(6)We'd better give the suspect over to the police.我们最好把嫌疑犯交给警察。

(7)This piece of meat is giving off a bad smell.这块肉正在发出臭味。

Ⅱ.重点句型详解

1．Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip. 从高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想作一次伟大的自行车旅行。

ever since “从那以后”，放句末。句子要与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用，类似的时间状语还有:

so far , up till now, by now 到目前为止

recently, lately 最近

since last month 自从上个月，since...ago自...以来

“in/for the past+ 一段时间”在过去的... （一段时间）

①He came to England three years ago and has lived here ever since.他三年前来到英国，从那以后便一直住在这里。

②I haven't seen her since ten years ago.自十年前至今，我没见过她。

③We have completed half of the work so far.到目前为止，我们完成了一半的工作。

④He hasn't written to me recently.他最近没给我写信。

⑤The couple have been working very hard for/in the past (last) ten years.在最近的十年里这对夫妇一直努力工作。

【拓展】It is/was/has been＋时间段＋since... 自从...已经...(多久)了

[即境活用1](2009?天津南开中学)How long do you suppose it is ______ he arrived there?

A．when B．before C．after D．since

2．When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄，呼吸困难而且天气很冷时，她却说这将是一次有趣的经历。

主语+ be + adj.+ to do要用主动形式表被动意义；如果不定式的动词是不及物的，要在不定式后边加介词。用于这种句式中的形容词常为：easy, difficult, heavy, hard, nice, bitter, dangerous, interesting, important, comfortable, pleasant, impossible等。

①The question is easy to answer.这问题容易回答。

②That book is difficult to understand.那本书难懂。

③The water in that river is not fit to drink.那条河中的水不宜饮用。

④Harry Potter is pleasant to read.《哈利?波特》读起来让人感到愉快。

⑤He is easy to get along with.他很容易相处。

[即境活用2]

(1)(2008?全国Ⅰ)I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ______.

A．to be breathed B．to breathe C．breathing D．being breathed

(2)They found the lecture hard ______；they all felt sleepy.

A．to be understood B．for understanding C．to understand D．to have been understood

解析：C, 考查“find＋宾语＋adj.＋to do”结构。

Ⅱ.重点句型详解

3．Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下了决心，什么也不能使她改变。

“once＋状语从句”意为“一旦……就……”。

在once引导的状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。

①Once you remember it, you'll never forget it.一旦你记住它，你就永远不会忘记它。

②Once you have promised, you must do it.一旦你许下诺言，你就必须履行。

【拓展】once 用做副词，可表示：

(1)(for) one time 一次I have only been here once. 我只来过这儿一次。

(2)at some time in the past 一度，曾经He once lived in Zambia. 他曾经(一度)住在赞比亚。

(3)all at once＝suddenly 突然All at once the door opened. 突然门开了。

[即境活用3]

(2007?福建)You will be successful in the interview ______ you have confidence.

A．before B．once C．until D．though

解析：B, 考查once引导带有时间意味的条件状语从句，意为“一旦……就……”。

4．A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how hard it is.一个意志坚定的人总是努力完成工作，不管它多么困难。

no matter，作“不管，无论”解，同what/who/when/where/how 等疑问词连用，引导让步状语从句。

①No matter what he says, I won't believe him.不管他说什么，我都不会相信他。

②No matter when you come, you are welcome.无论你什么时候来都受欢迎。

③No matter whose bag this is, it must be kept here for the present. 不管这是谁的包，暂时必须放在这里。

④No matter who knocks, don't open the door.不管谁敲门，都不要开门。

提示：(1)no matter what/who/when/how/where 可以换成

whatever/whoever/whenever/however/wherever 引导让步状语从句。

(2)whatever, whichever，whoever, whomever 还可以引导名词性从句。

Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 任何违犯了法律的人都应受到惩罚。

(3)however “无论如何”是副词，修饰形容词、副词＋主＋谓；whatever “无论什么”是形容词时，修饰的是名词。如：

①However difficult it is, you must work it out. （however+adj.）不管有多难，你都要解决这件事。

However hard you try,...（however+adv.）无论你多努力

②Whatever difficulty there is, we must work together. (whatever作adj.)

不管有什么样的困难我们都要团结合作。

Whatever you may say, I don’t care. (whatever作pron.) 不管你说什么，我都不在意。

[即境活用4]

(1)(2008?上海)______ well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. A．However B．Whatever C．No matter D．Although

解析：A, 考查“however＋adj.＋主＋系动词” 引导让步状语从句。

(2)(2008?全国Ⅰ)The lawyer seldom wears anything other than (除了) a suit ____ the season. A．whatever B．wherever C．whenever D．however

解析：A, whatever 引导让步状语从句，意为“不管什么”。该句后半部分的完整形式应该是whatever the season is。

III. 语法梳理：现在进行时表将来

1. 现在进行时主要表示现在或目前正在进行的动作：

We're having a meeting. 我们在开会。

My head is aching[?eiki?]. 我头很疼。ache [e?k] vi.疼痛

Where is she teaching? 她在哪儿教书？

She's spending the summer at the seaside. 她在海边度暑假。

2. 另外，现在进行时还可表示将来，主要用于表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。如：

I'm leaving tomorrow. 我明天走。

They're getting married next month. 他们下个月结婚。

Are you meeting Bill this evening? 你今晚将和比尔见面吗？

3. 现在进行时表将来的动词有：arrive, come, get, go, have, leave, meet, play, return, see, spend, start, begin, stay, wear, work 等。一般表示位置移动的词都可以。

4. 一般现在时表也可以表将来，两者的区别是：

现在进行时表示将来，其计划性较强，并往往暗示一种意图；

一般现在时表示将来，则其客观性较强，即通常被视为客观事实，多指按时刻表或规定要发生的情况。

比较：I'm not going out this evening. 今晚我不准备出去。

What time does the train leave? 火车什么时候开？

5. 如果主语是train, concert, program（节目、计划）等表示事物的名词，动词通常一般现在时表将来，而不用进行时。如：

The program begins at 4:00. 这个节目四点开始。

【对比】What time does the train leave? 火车什么时候开？The train leaves at 8:00.

The train is arriving soon. 火车就要进站了。

【笔记】by train take a/the train 乘坐....

现在进行时与一般现在时表示将来动作的区别在于：前者表示的将来的动作往往是可以改变的，而后者则是根据规定或时间表预计要发生的动作或事情，因此往往是不可改变或不可随便改变的。

【真题体验】

1. The moment _______soon, he thought to himself, waiting nervously. （2012湖南卷）

A. came

B. has come

C. was coming D .is coming

【解析】D，考查时态，根据soon可知为将来的事情，且是直接引语，应为现在，所以选D。进行时态表将来，动词的时态现在进行时表示将来。

2. Food supplies in the flood-striken area(在洪水灾区) . We must act immediately before there’s left.（2012重庆卷）

A. have run out

B. are running out

C. have been run out

D. are being run out

【解析】B，考查动词的时态分析题干语境可知，食品供应即将耗尽。run out为不及物动词短语，不能使用被动形式，由此可排除C和D两个选项。B选项为现在进行时态，可以表示将来，符合题意。因此，正确答案为B选项。

3. I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I . （2011辽宁卷）

A. was doing

B. am doing

C. have done

D. had been doing

【解析】B，考查动词的时态。句意为“我一完成眼下正在做的事情就去图书馆。”主句是将来时，时间状语从句用现在时。finish与选项C的have done矛盾，故选B。

4. Mum, I was wondering if you could lend me a few dollars until I Friday. (2012辽宁卷)

A. get paid

B. got paid

C. have paid

D. had been paid

【解析】A，until引导的时间状语从句中用一般现在时表将来，I与pay之间是动宾关系，get paid领工资

5. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, _____visit Beijing this summer. （2009陕西﹚

A. is going to

B. are going to

C. was going to

D. were going to

【解析】A，考查动词时态和主谓一致。句中出现together with时，谓语动词看主语中心词Dr. Smith表单数, 因此谓语动词用单数形式；时间状语是this summer, 表计划性的将来, 故时态用一般将来时

6. When he________the door, he found his keys were nowhere. （2009湖南﹚

A. would open

B. opened

C. had opened

D. was to open

【解析】D，考查动词的时态。此处特指航班的特定时间表，故用一般现在时表示

7. As a young man，he didn’t know that he famous later on．（2011·唐山市摸底）

A．was to become B．will become C．had become D．became

【解析】A，考查动词的时态。句意：作为一位年轻人，他不知道他后来会一定会成功。此处be+to do的形式表示将来一定。

8.—How long in Shanghai？（2011·四川绵阳中学第一次月考）

—Just the weekend. I've to be back for an important meeting to be held next Monday.

A. have you stayed

B. are you staying

C. did you stay

D. do you stay

【解析】B，考查动词时态。语境：你要在上海呆多久？就到这个周末。我必须回去参加下周一要举行的一个重要会议。此处用现在进行时表将来时；have to be...肯定是，无疑是

9. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026（航班）________ off at 18:20. （2011·黑龙江哈师大附中第二次月考）

A. took

B. will take

C. has taken

D. takes

【解析】D，考查动词的时态。此处特指航班的特定时间表，故用一般现在时表示

10．--- Do you think we should accept that offer（提议）?（2011·福建福州三中月考）--- Yes, we should, for we such bad luck up till now, and time out.

A．have had; is running B．had; is running

C．have; has been run D．have had; has been run

【解析】A，考查动词时态。第一空由up till now可知用现在完成时have done，主动词是have，因此现在完成时是have had；第二空用现在进行时表将来

11. —_______ leave at the end of this month.

—I don’t think you should do that until ________ another job.

A. I’m going to; you’d found

B. I’m going to; you’ve found

C. I’ll; you’ll find

D. I’ll; you’d find

【解析】B，考查时态的用法。第一个空表示有计划的，第二个空为until引导的时间状语从句，用现在完成时替代将来时，强调“已经找到”。

12. — What are you going to do this afternoon?

—I am going to die cinema with some friends. The film_____ quite early, so we____ to the bookstore after that.

A. finished; are going

B. finished ; go

C. finishes; are going

D. finishes; go

【解析】C,本题考查时态。由问句what are you going to...可知, 要用将来时态, 排除选项A和B；电影的开始和结束是电影院在时刻表中已有的计划, 用一般现在时表示, 而表示最近的打算或安排, 则可用现在进行时表示。

【课后自我完善, 误区备考】

1. fare/fee/charge/cost/price/expense

(1)fare 指交通费用。

(2)fee 指给律师、医生等的费用或(考试)报名费，入会费等。

(3)charge (可数或不可数)费用，索价；记账，赊账。

(4)cost (可数或不可数)代价，价格，费用；(常复数)成本。

(5)price 价格，价钱。

(6)expense 支出，开支，费用；(常复数)经费，支出金额；(薪水外的)津贴。

[应用1]

(1)He can’t earn enough to cover his own living cost. 他挣的钱不够他自己的生活开销。

(2) Expenses are going up.物价正在上涨。

(3)After I gave the taxi fare to the driver, I went to the office to pay my lawyer's fee.付了出租车费后，我去事务所付了律师费。

(4)She built the house without regard to cost.她盖这所房子根本不在乎花多少钱。

(5)All goods are delivered free of charge.一切物品免费送货。

2. finally/at last/ in the end

(1)finally 常用来表示顺序，引出最后一项内容，一般不带有感情色彩。

(2)at last 暗含“等候或耽误很长时间之后才……”，带有浓厚的感情色彩，如不耐烦、不顺心、不如意等，而且语气很强烈。

(3)in the end 表示经过许多变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况之后某事才发生，可以用来预示将来。

[应用2]

(1) At last！Where the hell have you been? 总算找到你了！你到底上哪儿去了？

(2)After a long delay the performance finally started.演出拖延很久，最后总算开始了。

(3)In the end they reached a place of safety.最后他们到达安全地带。

3. view/scene/scenery/sight

(1)view常指在远处或高处从某个角度看到的scenery 的一部分，还有“观点，看法”的意思。

(2)scene指具体的、局部的或一时的景色，可以是自然形成的，也可人工造成的。也可指“现场”“场景”。

(3)scenery 集合名词，指某地方的“整个风景”，是由多个scene构成的景色。也可指一个国家或某一地区的整体自然风景

(4)sight 风景，名胜。用复数形式指人文景观。

[应用3]

(1)There were distressing(悲惨的)scenes when the earthquake struck the city.

(2)On the top of the mountain you'll get a good view of the city.

(3)Switzerland is well－known for its impressive mountainous scenery或sights.

(4)Look! What a beautiful sight of the sunset!

4. insist一词的用法

[应用4]

(1)Seeing that he was so seriously ill, I insisted that he ______ to hospital at once.

A．was sent B．be sent C．will be sent D．had been sent

解析：B, insist在此表示“坚决要求”，从句中省略了情态动词should，这种句式结构为

insist/suggest/demand that sb. (should) do sth.“坚持/建议/要求某人干某事”。题意：看到他病得这么严重，我坚持马上送他去医院。

(2)The old worker insisted that he ______ old and ______ back to the working post again.

A．wasn’t; be sent B．wasn’t; was sent C．be not; send D．isn’t; sent

解析：A, 从题意看，这位老工人“坚持认为一种观点”和“坚决要求做某件事”。因此，涉及insist的两种不同用法。“老工人认为他没有老”，其谓语用正常时态；“应该再次被派往工作岗位”，其谓语要用(should) do 形式。

(3)She insisted ______ to Miami for her summer vacation though it would cost much money.

A．on taking B．on being taken C．to take D．to be taken 迈阿密（美国佛罗里州达东南部港市）

解析：B, insist on doing sth.是常用短语，此处take与前面的主语是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式。

(4)Sam insisted that he ______ the law and ______.

A．didn’t break; mustn’t be punished

B．doesn’t break; shouldn’t punish

C．hadn’t broken; be not pun ished

D．hadn’t broken; not be punished

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