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北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

2015.05.09

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Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

Babies who are breast-fed may be more likely to be successful in life, a new study published Tuesday suggests. The study followed more than 3,000 babies into adulthood in Brazil. The researchers found those who were breast-fed scored slightly higher in intelligence tests in their 30s, stayed in school longer and earned more money than those who were given formula（配方奶粉）.

CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)中央情报局

IQ(intelligence quotient) n. 智力商数

EQ(Emotional Quotient)情商

“Breast-feeding not only has short-term benefits, but also breast-feeding has long-term benefits, "says Bernardo Lessa Horta of the Federal University of Pelotas in Brazil, who led the study being published in The Lancet Global Health.

short-term memory短时记忆

Long-term memory长时记忆

The Lancet Global Health《柳叶刀》杂志

(76) Doctors have long known that breast-feeding can be good for a baby’s heal th. 长久以来，医生们就已熟知母乳喂养对婴儿健康有益。This is especially true in poor countries, where water can be contaminated. For instance, a baby given formula in developing countries is 14 times more likely to die in the first six months than one who’s breast-fed. In the U.S., some research has suggested that breast-feeding may raise a baby’s IQ（智商）by a few points. But a recent study with siblings（兄弟姐妹）found little advantage to breast-feeding.

Horta says these previous studies didn’t follow children into adulthood to see if

breast-feeding had long-term effects. So Horta analyzed data collected from 3,493 volunteers he and his colleagues have been following since birth. They are now in their 30s. First, the

researchers gave the subjects IQ tests. Those who were breast-fed for 12 months or more had IQ test scores that were 3.76 points higher than those who were breast-fed for less than one month, the team found.

When Horta and his colleagues looked at how much education the subjects had gotten and how much money they were making, they also found a clear difference:

Those who were breast-fed stayed longer in school for about an extra year and had monthly salarie s that were about a third higher.

1. From the passage, we learn that Horta_______________ .

A. is from Brazil

2. Which of the following about those who were breast-fed is NOT mentioned?

A. They stayed longer in school

B. They were happier

C. They were smarter

D. They made more money

breast-feed v (pt, pp `breast-fed) [Tn] feed (a baby) with milk from the breast 用乳房的奶喂（婴儿）: Were her children breast-fed or bottle-fed? 她的孩子喂的是人奶还是牛奶?

3. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Doctors don’t understan d the benefits of breast-feeding.

B. Horta is concerned with water contamination in poor countries.

C. Horta’s research project lasted about 30 years

4. The word contaminated in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to____.

A. finished

B. interested

C. cleared

D. polluted

5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?

C. Breast-feeding Improves Chances of Success

D. Breast-feeding Benefits Both Mother and Baby

appropriate=proper

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

Maggie Walker was born in 1867 in Richmond, Virginia. Her mother was once a slave in a rich woman’s house. When Maggie was very young, a thief killed her father. Her family

was impoverished, so Maggie's mother started doing laundry in her home. Maggie had to help her. She washed clothes every day, but she continued to go to school. She was a very good student, especially in math.

After Maggie graduated from high school高级中学, she got a job as a teacher. In 1886, she married Armistead Walker. They had two sons and Maggie stayed home to care for them. She also volunteered to help a social organization called the Order of St. Luke. This organization helped African Americans take care of the sick and bury the dead. Maggie Walker loved the work of the

organization. The organization believed that African Americans should take care of each other.

Over the years, Maggie Walker had more and more responsibilities with the organization. In 1895, she suggested that St. Luke begin a program for young people. (77) This program became very popular with schoolchildren.这个项目很受学校孩子们的欢迎。In 1899, Walk became Grand Secretary Treasurer of the St. Luke organization. However, because she was a woman, she received less than half the salary of the man who had the job before her.

The Order of St. Luke had a lot of financial difficulties when Walker took over接管. It had a lot of unpaid bills and only $31.61 in the bank. But soon Maggie Walker changed all of that. (78) Her idea was to get new members to join the Organization. 她的观点是吸纳新成员加入这个组织。In just a few years, it grew from 3,400 members to 50,000 members. The organization bought a $100,000 office building and increased its staff to 55. Now Walker was ready for her next big step.

6. Maggie’s father died____________.

A. when she finished high school

B. before she was born

C. when she was very young

D. after she got married

7. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?

A. Maggie had two children.

B. Maggie was once a slave.

C. Maggie was good at math.

D. Maggie taught for a while.

8. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Maggie loved to help other African Americans.

B. Maggie was very popular with school teachers.

C. Maggie was the founder of the Order of St. Luke.

D. Maggie was better paid than men as Grand Secretary Treasurer.

9. The word impoverished in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.

A. difficult

B. rich

C. famous

D. poor

10. After Paragraph 4, the author will probably talk about Maggie’s________

A. education

B. next project

C. pay

D. childhood

Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

When Bill de Blasio ran for New York City mayor last year, he promised to end a controversial （有争议的）, citywide cell-phone ban（禁令）in public schools, which is not equally enforced in all schools. Now, under his leadership, the city is preparing to end the ban. It will be replaced by a policy that allows phones inside schools but tells students to keep them packed away during class.

Many schools have a rule about enforcing the ban that says, “If we don't see it, we don’t know about it.” That means teachers are OK with students bringing in cell phones, as long as they stay out of sight and inside bags and pockets.

But at the 88 city schools with metal detectors, the ban has been strictly enforced. The detectors were installed to keep weapon s out of schools，but the scanners（扫描器）can also detect

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