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英汉翻译技巧

英汉翻译技巧
英汉翻译技巧

翻译技巧

第一节否定句式的翻译

She is not a dancer. 她不是一个舞蹈家。

She is no dancer. 她算不上个舞蹈家。It is not an easy task.这不是一件容易的事情(客观评价)

It is no easy task. 这可不是一件容易的事情。(主观评价)

一、完全否定

e.g.

1. There are no denying facts.

2. None of the answers are right.

二、部分否定

e. g.

1. All that glitters is not gold.(=Not all

that glitters is gold.) 闪光的不都是金子。

None that glitters is gold. 闪光的都不是金子。

Glitter/ twinkle/ sparkle/ flash/ shine/ brighten/ light/ lit/ blink/ glisten/ gleam/ flame/ illuminate / glow / glorify

2. I do not want everything.

I do not want anything.

三、形式否定

1、cannot ….too…. 意思是不可能是过分的,一般翻译为无论怎样…都不过分

1)We cannot estimate the value of modern science too much.

2) We cannot be too careful in doing

experiments.

2. It is adj. + N. + that + 否定从句1). It is a wise man that never makes mistakes. 再聪明的人也会犯错误。2)It is a good horse that never stumbles and a good wife that never grumbles.

3. too…..to….. 太。。。而不能。。。。1)Beginners are too apt to make mistakes in grammar.

2) She was too eager to know the result of her experiment.

4. not ….other than ….原意是除了。。。就不。。。。

1) We do not like him other than he is now. 我们就喜欢他现在的样子。2) I can not read the long letter other than cursorily.

四、含蓄否定。

1)It is a foolish bird that fouls its own nest.

2) I desire nothing other than to be left in peace.

3) That is more than I can do.

4) This is the last place where I expected to have met you.

5) Young people are the least conservative.

6) Such a chance was denied to me.

7) Time is what we want most, but what, alas, many use worst.

8)We have read your article. We expected to meet an older man.

9) If it worked once, it can work twice.

五、否定转移

1) I have not come to you for money. 我来不是找你要钱的。

2) One does not live to eat, but eats to live.

3) I have not come to China to forth on what divides us but to build on what binds us.

4) At no time can we give up learning.

5) The oceans do not so much divide the earth as unite it.

The oceans do divide the earth not so much as unite it.

6) He is not more fond of playing chess than you are. 他不比你更爱下棋。

六、双重否定

1) It never rains but it pours. 不下则已,下则倾盆。

2) Fight no battle unprepared.

3) He is too wicked not to meet a bad end some day. 他太坏了,总有一天会有恶报。

练习

1、The problem is above/beyond me.

2、This question is far from being complicated.

3、She is the last woman I wanted to sit next to.

4、It is a wise father that knows his own child.

5、Don’t be vain because you are good-looking.

6、You should not despise a man because he is poor.

第二节比较句式的翻译

一、各种比较格式的替换

1、Never have I heard American

music played better in a foreign land. 我在国外从来没有听过把美国音乐演奏得这样好的。

2、The beavers do it by gnawing all round the trunk, as high up from the ground as they can reach. 河狸伐木的方法是沿着它们所够得着的最高部位,围着树干不停的啃。

3、Nothing is more important than the signal sent to the president. 给总统的信息才是最重要的。

二、等比句式

1、He is as/so kind as his sister is honest. 他妹妹诚实,而他善良。

A to

B as

C is to D./What A to B is C to D.

2、You are as wrong as wrong can be. 你大错特错了。

3、We hoped things would go better, but as it is they are getting worse. 我们原以为事态好转,可事实上却更糟了。As it was, come as you are , as you were.

4、The painter does not copy nature as it is. 画家并非完全写实。

5、You had better take things as they are. 你得接受事物的现状。

6、I am wiser than to believe it. 我还不至于傻到相信这种事。

三、最高级

1、There is no enemy more fatal to prejudice than facts. 偏见最致命的敌人莫过于事实了。

2、Few are better qualified for the job than he is.

3、There won’t be a warmer place than home.

4、You couldn’t have come at a better time. 你来得正是时候。

四、介词短语

1、He values wealth above health. He is above/about to do that.

2、Work should come before pleasure.

3、Good advice is beyond price.

4、She looks young for her age. / She looks younger than she is.

五、择比句式

1、Better do nothing than do a poor job.

2. I have a preference for Chinese to foreign novels.

3. I would rather/would as soon go boating as play tennis.

4. Sleeping is my last thing to do in weekends.

练习

1、Most people put quality before

quantity.

2、The total is under what was

expected.

3、Nothing is sadder than to part

forever.

4、She is more attractive than

clever.

5、It proved to be no more than a

joke.

6、The lion is no more merciful than the tiger.

7、The lion is not more merciful than the tiger.

8、A man can no more fly than a bird can speak.

9、Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy body.

10、There were no less than fifty killed and wounded. Casualties.

第三节、定语从句的翻译

一、限制性定语从句

1、处理成前置定语

e.g.1. He therefore resolved immediately to acquaint him with the fact which we have above slightly hinted. 因此,他马上决定把我们刚

刚隐约提到的那件事告诉他。

2. The people who worked for him lived in fear of him.

3. This is the scholar who just returned from abroad.

4. Those who sacrifice themselves for the people’s cause are the real heroes of history.

2、处理成并列句

1. It is he who received the letter that announced the death of your uncle. 是他接到那封信,信上说你的叔叔

去世了。

2. I have strong opinions which wouldn’t suit you. 我有一些坚决的主张,怕对你们不合适。

3. Vicky was an energetic student who labored at her dissertation on a little-known 14th century poet. 维基

是一个精力充沛的学生,她不辞劳

苦的撰写那篇关于14世纪一位鲜

为人知的诗人的学位论文。

二、非限制性定语从句

1、处理成并列句

e.g. 1. He said that this was a good suggestion, which he would look into. 他说这是个很好的建议,一定要加

以研究。

2. We make steam pass through a pipe, round the outside of which cold water circulates. 我们使蒸汽通过一

根管子,在管子周围有冷水循环。

2、处理成独立句

e.g. 1. I hope your success, which is an inspiration to me, will continue. 你的成功对我是个鼓舞,我希望你

不断取得成功。

2. Nevertheless the problem was solved successfully, which showed that computations were accurate.不过

问题还是圆满的解决了,这说明计算是准确的。

3. He had talked to Vice-president, who assured him that everything that could be done would be done. 他和

副总统谈过话。副总统向他保证,凡是能够做到的都将竭尽全力去做。

三、分述法

1、将关系代词还原

e.g. One day Miss Elizabeth wrote a letter to Jane Austin, who was a famous woman writer. 有一天,伊丽

莎白小姐写了一封信给简奥斯丁,

奥斯丁是一位著名的女作家。

2. At dinner I found myself placed between Mrs. Bradley and a shy girl who seemed even younger than the others. 席间我发现我的两旁分别是布莱德利太太和一位腼腆的姑

娘。这姑娘看上去比其他人都要年

轻。

2、简化或概括先行词

e.g. 1. I received the impression of a brutal, clever, competent man who, in business matters, at all events, would be pitiless. 我对这个人的印象是又残酷又精明能干。这种人在生意上

无论如何都是毫不徇情的。

2. Aunt Harriet lived in that leisure

age when servants were employed to do homework. 哈里特姑妈生活在一个悠闲的时代,那时家务活都可

以雇佣人来做。

3. Isabel was a tall girl with the oval face, straight nose, fine eyes and full mouth that appeared to be characteristic of the family. 伊莎贝尔是个身材高挑、椭圆脸、直鼻梁、

眉清目秀、嘴唇丰满的姑娘。这一

切看来都是她家族的特征。

练习:

1、he had been too proud to

acknowledge the tenderness

which his heart felt.

2、The first English novel that I

read was A Tale of Two

Cities by Charles Dickens.

3、The paternal laugh was

echoed by Joseph, who

thought the joke funny.

4、In such an experiment the

insects can be taught to fly

to the ultra-violet, which for

us is just darkness.

5、In fact, many Americans

who could afford to hire a

cook or driver do not

employ them.

6、She wears an expensive suit

which looked better on a

model than it does on her. 7、An atom is not a solid

spherical particle, as it was

once thought to be.

8、This exquisite harmony

between nature and man

explains in part the

enchantment of the older

Britain, in which whole

towns fitted into the

landscape, as if they were no

more than bits of woodland.

自然与人和谐无比,这正是

英国从前的部分魅力所在。

当时的英国,整个城镇像片

片树林一样,巧妙的融入风

景画里了。

There be 句型的翻译

一、一般结构

1、there be +名词。常处理为有

或不译。

There is not any body in an absolute state of rest in the world. There is only he to take me to the hospital.

2、there be no+n.+doing

there is no use in grumbling. There is no good frightening them now.

There is nothing like leather for shoes.

There is nothing like walking as a means of keeping fit.

There is nothing but to rush the injured to hospital.

省略法

省略代词

1、All the fellows gathered

around, stretching their

necks like geese.

2、Truth is tough. It will not

break like a bubble at a

touch; nay, you may kick

it about all day like a

football, and it will be

round and full at evening.

3、The significance of a man

is not in what he attains

but rather in what he longs

to attain.

4、Knowledge is a

comfortable and necessary

retreat and shelter for us in

an advanced age; and if

we do not plant it while

young, it will give us no

shade when we grow old. 从修辞角度考虑的省略

英汉翻译技巧大全

英汉翻译技巧大全 定语从句: 定语从句是由一些关系代词或者关系副词引导的从句组成,用来修饰名词中心词。 Person has pieced togethter the workd of hundereds of researcher around theworld to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest date when we can expect hundreds of key breakthrough and discoveries to take place. 皮而森汇集了...生产出独特的千年历,这种千年历(它)能够... 定语的翻译要特别注意位子上的变化,即:如果是单词修饰名词就放在中心词的前面,这和汉语的词序是一样的;如果定语太长,定语就要放在中心词的后面,这时就要注意断句,重复先行词,例如: 1.I have the same problem as you concerning the learning of English 在学英语的问题上,我和你有同样的问题。 2.She has a perfect figure. 她身材不错。 3.This is indeed a most pressing problem. 这的确是一个非常棘手的问题。 4.The only other people who knew the secret were his father and mother. 别的知道这个秘密的人就是他的父母。 5.The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities

英汉翻译技巧

《英汉翻译技巧》教学大纲 一、课程的性质、目的、任务和基本要求 1、性质:本课程为专业必修课程,是英语专业一门重要的专业技能课,授课对象为英语专业本科三年级学生。 2、目的:通过本课程学习,使学生掌握必要翻译知识与翻译技巧,培养学生翻译实践能力,并提升其英语 语言运用意识,为后续课程及实践教学环节打下必要基础。 3、任务:(1)使学生深入理解翻译并了解国内外翻译研究动态。 (2)使学生掌握基本翻译技巧并能在翻译过程中加以运用。 (3)培养学生翻译实践能力。 (4)培养学生英语语言运用意识,强调书本知识与实践的结合。 此外,在教学过程中还必须有意识地培养自学能力,分析问题和解决问题能力。 4、基本要求:翻译方法和技巧训练阶段的基本要求: (1)词汇: 掌握10000-12000个词汇以及这些单词构成的常用词组;正确而熟练地使用其中5000-6000个词汇及最常用的搭配,能够运用到汉英互译中。 (2)语法: 熟练地使用各种衔接手段,连贯地表达思想,侧重语法结构在翻译过程中的理解和应用。 (3)阅读能力: 能读懂一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评,理解文章大意,分辨事实与细节;能读懂有一定难度的历史传记及文学作品,理解其真实含义;能分析上述题材文章的思想观点,语篇结构,语言特点和修辞手法。(4)翻译能力: 能借词典将文字资料译成理解正确、表达准确、译文连贯通顺具一定修辞手段的规范语句,写译的速度达到每小时250-300词。 二、教学安排 《英汉翻译技巧》课程涉及到双语的各项能力,因此技能测试是检查教学效果和检查学生语言水平和应用能力的重要手段,在各个教学阶段结束时安排测验和考试。测验着眼于考核学生的应用和技能的发挥。平时安排阶段测验,期末安排考试。课程学时安排:每周4学时。 学期总学时17 x 2= 34;周学时 2 x 2 = 4。 成绩评定标准:平时成绩占30%(包括出勤、练习、小组作业、讨论发言,翻译实践);期末考试占70% 。 教学内容讲授学时 第一章翻译标准 1 第二章英汉语言对比 2 第三章直译与意译 1 第四章英汉翻译中词义的选择 2 第五章汉翻译中词类的转换 2 第六章英汉翻译中增补、省略与重复技巧 4 第七章拆译与缩译 2

英汉翻译技巧

翻译技巧 第一节否定句式的翻译 She is not a dancer. 她不是一个舞蹈家。 She is no dancer. 她算不上个舞蹈家。It is not an easy task.这不是一件容易的事情(客观评价) It is no easy task. 这可不是一件容易的事情。(主观评价) 一、完全否定 e.g. 1. There are no denying facts. 2. None of the answers are right. 二、部分否定 e. g. 1. All that glitters is not gold.(=Not all

that glitters is gold.) 闪光的不都是金子。 None that glitters is gold. 闪光的都不是金子。 Glitter/ twinkle/ sparkle/ flash/ shine/ brighten/ light/ lit/ blink/ glisten/ gleam/ flame/ illuminate / glow / glorify 2. I do not want everything. I do not want anything. 三、形式否定 1、cannot ….too…. 意思是不可能是过分的,一般翻译为无论怎样…都不过分 1)We cannot estimate the value of modern science too much. 2) We cannot be too careful in doing

experiments. 2. It is adj. + N. + that + 否定从句1). It is a wise man that never makes mistakes. 再聪明的人也会犯错误。2)It is a good horse that never stumbles and a good wife that never grumbles. 3. too…..to….. 太。。。而不能。。。。1)Beginners are too apt to make mistakes in grammar. 2) She was too eager to know the result of her experiment. 4. not ….other than ….原意是除了。。。就不。。。。 1) We do not like him other than he is now. 我们就喜欢他现在的样子。2) I can not read the long letter other than cursorily.

翻译技巧总结

翻译技巧总结 个人认为,翻译题很重要!考研是个充实自己的过程,只要你还需要英语,就离不开翻译,所以大家应该引起足够重视。 首先个人推荐一本书,XDF唐静老师的《拆分与组合翻译法》,我听过他的课,他的方法很实用,感觉很象下面介绍的第四种方法。 翻译题里考察三方面内容: 1、专有名词(如operational research expert)、习惯用法(如depend on)及多义词的翻译(如school、set的多义) 2、一般性翻译技巧:包括词义选择,词序调整,词性转换和增词法等等 3、具体句型(定从、状从、主从、宾从、表从、同位从、强调结构、并列、比较、倒装、插入、被动、否定等) 其中2、3是大考点,具体内容可在论坛下XDF的翻译笔记来看,在此不赘述。 可看出,应对翻译题的主要武器是翻译技巧,下面正式进入正题(常用方法、被动语态译法、形容词译法、举例详解) 一、常用方法 英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异,因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难,需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中,也可以运用于口译过程中,而且应该用得更加熟练。 1增译法:指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式,在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子,以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多,而英语句子一般都要有主语,所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候,除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外,一般都要根据语境补出主语,使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高,凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时,必须在前面加上物主代词。因此,在汉译英时需要增补物主代词,而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示,而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此,在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外,在翻译时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语,以确保译文意思的完整。总之,通过增译,一是保证译文语法结构的完整,二是保证译文意思的明确。如: (1) What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话,你觉得如何?(增译主语和谓语) (2) If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊!(增译主句) 中国政府历来重视环境保护工作。 The Chinese government has always attached great importance to environmental protection. (省译名词) 3转换法:指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等进行转换。具体的说,就是在词性方面,把名词转换为代词、形容词、动词;把动词转换成名词、形容词、副词、介词;把形容词转换成副词和短语。在句子成分方面,把主语变成状语、定语、宾语、表语;把谓语变成主语、定语、表语;把定语变成状语、主语;把宾语变成主语。在句型方面,把并列句变成复合句,把复合句变成并列句,把状语从句变成定语从句。在语态方面,可以把主动语态变为被动语态。如:

英汉翻译的基本方法和技巧

英汉翻译的基本方法和技巧 翻译是信息交流过程中极其复杂的社会心理现象。语言知识是翻译的基础。此外,翻译还涉及到推理、判断、分析和综合等复杂的心理认识过程。翻译的方法和技巧是翻译工作者在长期的实践中根据两种语言的特点总结归纳出来的一般规律。这些规律可以指导我们的翻译实践,使我们能更自觉、更灵活地处理翻译过程中所遇到的各种语言现象。下面就英译汉中的一些方法和技巧结合翻译实例作一概述。 1. 词义的选择 一词多义和一词多类是英汉两种语言都有的一种语言现象。因此,在平日的翻译练习和测试中,我们在弄清原文句子结构后,务必注意选择和确定句中关键词的词类和词义,以保证译文的质量。通常可从以下三个方面来考虑词义选择: 1)根据词在句中的词类来选择词义 例如:Censorship is for the good of society as a whole. Like the law, it contributes to the common good. [译文]:审查是为了整个社会的利益。它像法律一样维护公众利益。 [注释]:本句中like作介词,意为"像……一样"。但like作动词用,则意为"喜欢;想要"。例如:He likes films with happy endings. (他喜欢结局好的电影。)又如:Would you like to leave a message? (你要不要留个话儿?)此外,like还可以作形容词用,意为"相同的",如:Like charges repel; unlike charges attract.(电荷同性相斥,异性相吸。) 2)根据上下文和词在句中的搭配关系选择词义 例1 According to the new s chool of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge. [译文]:新学派的科学家们认为,技术在扩大科学知识范围过程中是一种被忽视的力量。 [注释]:school一词常被误译为"学校",其实,school还有一个词义"学派"。可见,正确选择词义对译文质量有重要影响,而文章的上下文和逻辑联系是翻译中选择词义的重要依据。 例2 Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a "valid" or "fair" comparison. [译文]:既然对智力的评估是比较而言的,那么我们必须确保,在对我们的对象进行比较时,我们所使用的尺度要能提供"有效的"和"公平的"比较。 [注释]:许多人把scale译为"范围",和文章的语篇意思和句子的确切含义大相径庭。

英文翻中文的八大翻译技巧

英文翻中文的八大翻译技巧 要真正掌握英文翻译的技巧并非易事。这是因为英译汉时会遇到各种各样的困难,下面就和大家分享英文翻中文的八大翻译技巧推荐,来欣赏一下吧。 英文翻中文的八大翻译技巧推荐 首先是英文理解难,这是学习、使用英文的人的共同感觉,由于两国历史、文化、风俗习惯的不同,所以一句英文在英美人看来顺理成章,而在中国人看来却是颠颠倒倒、断断续续,极为别扭。 二是中文表达难,英译汉有时为了要找到一个合适的对等词汇,往往被弄得头昏眼花,好像在脑子里摸一个急于要开箱子的钥匙,却没有。 另外,英译汉时对掌握各种文化知识的要求很高,因为我们所翻译的*,其内容可能涉及到极为广博的知识领域,而这些知识领域多半是我们不大熟悉的外国的事情,如果不具备相应的文化知识难免不出现一些翻译中的差错或笑话。 正是因为英译汉时会遇到这么多的困难,所以,我们必须通过翻译实践,对英汉两种不同语言的特点加以对比、概况和总结,

以找出一般的表达规律来,避免出现一些不该出现的翻译错误,而这些表达的规律就是我们所说的翻译技巧。 一、词义的选择和引伸技巧 英汉两种语言都有一词多类和一词多义的现象。一词多类就是指一个词往往属于几个词类,具有几个不同的意义;一词多义就是同一个词在同一词类中又往往有几个不同的词义。在英译汉的过程中,我们在弄清原句结构后,就要善于运用选择和确定原句中关键词词义的技巧,以使所译语句自然流畅,完全符合汉语习惯的说法;选择确定词义通常可以从两方面着手: 1、根据词在句中的词类来选择和确定词义 They are as like as two peas .他们相似极了。(形容词) He likes mathematics more than physics .他喜欢数学甚于喜 欢物理。(动词) Wheat, oat, and the like are cereals .小麦、燕麦等等皆系谷类。(名词) 2、根据上下文联系以及词在句中的搭配关系来选择和确定词义。 He is the last man to come .他是最后来的。 He is the last person for such a job .他最不配干这个工作。

汉英翻译技巧汇总

汉英翻译技巧汇总 Title: 汉英翻译技巧:合并(Combination) Key words: combination, simple sentence, compound sentence, C-E translation Abstract: It discusses the technique of combination of simple and compound sentences. Compiler: 丁树德等 C-E (A) in terms of simple sentences (1)天气寒冷,河水都结冰了。It was so cold that the river froze. (丁树德,"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导",大学出版社,1996) (2)理论必须密切联系实际,这是我们应当牢记的一条原则。That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind. (丁树德,"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导",大学出版社,1996) (3)他在战斗中表现突出,受到连长的表扬。He was commended by the company commander for his distinguished performance in the battle. (丁树德,"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导",大学出版社,1996) (4)年满十八岁的公民,都有选举权和被选举权。All citizens who have reached the age of eighteen have the right to vote and to stand for election. (丁树德,"英汉汉英翻译教学综合指导",大学出版社,1996) (5)当时,友谊商店只对外宾开放,不对中宾开放。At the time the friendship store was exclusively open to foreign visitors.(王大伟,"现代汉英翻译技巧",世界图书出版公司,1999)(本科四年级以上) (B) in terms of compound sentences (6)她对自己所取得的成就充满了自豪,这也不是没有道理的。She is justifiably proud of her achievements. ("现代汉英翻译技巧" 王大伟世界图书出版公司1999) (7)这家小工厂经过技术改造,发展很快,使人感到惊讶不已。This small factory underwent a technological renovation, thus developing with

英语翻译技巧

翻译技巧 由于汉英两种语言在词法、句法上的差异,翻译并不是简单的一对一复制,而是根据具体情况,灵活地运用翻译技巧坐车必要的调整和改变,使译文最大程度地再现原文的意义,又使它符合译语的表达习惯。 翻译技巧大体分为八类。它们是:加注(annotation)、释义(paraphrase)、增词(amplification)、减词(omission)、转换(shift of perspective)、归化(adaptation)、切分(division)和合并(combination)。 1.加注 由于汉英文化的不同,英语中某些词义在汉语中根本不存在,形成词义上的空缺。在这种情况下,常常采用加注法来弥补空缺。加注可分为音译加注和直译加注两种。 音译加注指音译后附加解释性注释。注释可长可短,可以在文中注释,也可采用脚注。 Cartoon 卡通片 Hamburger 汉堡包 Benz 奔驰车 Hippie 嬉皮士(20世纪60年代出现在美国的青

年颓废派一员,喜群居,蓄长发,穿奇装 异服) El Nino 厄尔尼诺(现象)(指严重影响全球气候的 太平洋热带海域的大风及海水的大规模移 动) Saint Valentine’s Day 圣瓦伦丁节情人节,2月14日)1.Hygeia herself would have fallen sick under such a regiment; and how much more this poor old nervous victim? 按照这样的养生之道,别说这可怜的老太太了,就连健康女神哈奇亚本人也会生病。 2.You look like Al-Capone in that suit. 你穿上那套衣服,看上去就像个流氓阿尔·卡彭。 3.He saw himself, in a smart suit, bowed into the opulent suites of Ritzes. 他发现自己身着漂亮的礼服,被恭恭敬敬地引进了像里兹饭店一般的豪华旅馆的客房里下榻。 4.It’s true that the enemy won the battle, but theirs is but a Pyrrhic victory,” said the general. 将军说:“敌人确实赢得了战斗,但他们的胜利只是皮洛士的胜利,得不偿失。” 5.Nancy Reagan, and not George Gallup, may well have the final say. 拥有最后发言权的,并非乔治·盖洛普民意测验,而是南希·里根。 直译加注指直译原文,并附加解释性注释。

常用十大翻译技巧之一:增译法

常用十大翻译技巧之一:增译法 英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异,因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难,需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中,也可以运用于口译过程中,而且应该用得更加熟练,因为口译工作的特点决定了译员没有更多的时间进行思考。 1、增译法:指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式,在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子,以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多,而英语句子一般都要有主语,所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候,除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或"There be…"结构来翻译以外,一般都要根据语境补出主语,使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高,凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时,必须在前面加上物主代词。因此,在汉译英时需要增补物主代词,而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示,而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此,在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外,在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语,以确保译文意思的完整。总之,通过增译,一是保证译文语法结构的完整,二是保证译文意思的明确。如: (1)What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话,你觉得如何?(增译主语和谓语) (2)If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊!(增译主句)

张培基《英汉翻译教程》(修订本)配套题库(英汉常用的方法和技巧(中))【圣才出品】

第5章英汉常用的方法和技巧(中) 5.1 分句、合句法 一、试译下列各句,将斜体的单词或短语译成一个汉语句子 1. At present, people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply. 【译文】现在的人们都倾向于采取不偏不倚的态度来回答问题,因为它安全,不招风险。 2. George nodded, thankful that his wife was not the talkative kind. 【译文】乔治点点头,他妻子不是那种絮絮叨叨的人,对此他心存感激。 3. The intent to make an immediate gift must be clear and unmistakable, and the transfer must take immediate and permanent effect. 【译文】直接赠予的意图必须明白无误,转让行为必须立即产生效力,且该效力应具有永久性。 4. Several blocks from the park, running parallel to it, Clement Street bustles like a second Chinatown with dozens of ethnic restaurants. 【译文】离公园几个街区便是与公园平行的克莱门特街。那儿有十几家民族餐馆,热闹得如

同第二个唐人街。 5. That region was the most identifiable trouble spot. 【译文】那地区是个麻烦的地方,这是大家都容易看出来的。 6. The depth of some of those changes is , to me at least, pleasingly remarkable and extraordinary. 【译文】其中一些变化有深度,至少在我看来是非常了不起的,不同凡响,令我由衷地高兴。 7. The number of the young people in the United States who can’t read is incredible about one in four. 【译文】大约有1/4的美国青年人没有阅读能力,这简直令人难以置信。 8. A cold that rapidly grew worse caused his unlamented return to Paris. 【译文】他得了感冒,而且越来越严重,只好回巴黎去了。但是,对他的离去,谁也没有感到遗憾。 9. There is also distressing possibility that Alunni isn’t quite the catch the police thought. 【译文】还存在这样一种可能性:被抓住的那位阿鲁尼不见得就是警察当局所设想的那位头号人物。当然,这种可能性说出来叫人泄气。

实用英汉翻译技巧与实践(Chapter 1&2)

An Applied Course in English-Chinese Translation Skills and Practice 实用英汉翻译技巧与实践 (Definition of Translation) 1.2 翻译的原则(Principles of Translation) 忠实(Faithfulness) 通顺(Smoothness) 1.3 翻译的基本步骤(Basic Steps in Translation) a. 原文理解(Comprehension of Source Texts) ?词义确定(Determination of Word Meaning) It is quite another story now. The officials concerned refused to confirm the story in the Post. The white-haired girl's story is one of the saddest. A young man came to police station with a story. ?语法分析(Grammatical Analysis) W hile I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. ?逻辑判断(Logical Judgement) H e bought a picture of the house which many people thought to be replica. ?文体把握(Understanding of Style) 旅游景点警示语:路滑, 小心跌倒! 译1:The road is slippery, fall down carefully! 译2:The path is so slippery that you should be careful not to fall down. 译3:Slippery // Wet path! b.译文表达(Expression of Target Texts) c. 译文校核(Proofreading of Target Texts) 1.4 翻译的主要方法(Major Translation Approaches) a. 直译法(Literal Translation) p aper tiger l ose face r unning dog G ood to begin well, better to end well. b. 意译法(Free Translation) Q ueen’s English s mall talk r eceive glove money E very life has its roses and thorns. c. 归化法(Domestication) b lack sheep a s timid as a hare d.异化法(Foreignization) 1.5 翻译的常用技巧(Practical Translation Skills)

英汉翻译基础教程考试重点总结

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