137英汉翻译第一次作业
《英汉翻译》第一次作业
一、Phrase Translation（词语翻译）
A．Directions: Put the following phrases into Chinese(将下列词语译成汉语)．1．credit cards ( ) 2．National People’s Congress ( ) 3．Consumer Rights Day ( ) 4．money bill ( ) 5．anatomy of a sale ( ) 6．commercial advertising ( ) 7．a nuclear family ( ) 8．panic purchasing ( ) 9．brain shrinkage ( ) 10．a documentary film ( )
B．Directions：Put the following phrases into English．(将下列词语译成英语) 1．国际货币基金组织( ) 2．美联社( ) 3．钢铁工业( ) 4．田径运动( ) 5．广告代理人( ) 6．时装表演( ) 7．海峡两岸关系( ) 8．种族隔离( ) 9．风险投资( ) 10．西部大开发( )
二、T ranslation Theories (理论常识)
A. Directions: Fill the following blanks (填空)
1．从内容来看，翻译的种类可分为( )翻译、政治翻译、( )翻译和事务性函电翻译。
2．汉译英时，比较普遍的现象是汉语的( )词转换为英语的 ( )词。3．汉语里，状语通常放在( )之后，( )之前。
4．汉语的“把”字句，在结构上用特殊介词“把”字将 ( )引出,放在( )之前而成一种汉语特有的句型。
5．汉语拟声词多半带有形容词性质，在句中可作定语、状语或谓语；而英语拟声词多半属于( )词或 ( )词，在句中可作谓语、主语或宾语。
B．Directions: Choose the right sentences. （下列各组每组有两个句子，请选择正确的句子）
6. [A]英译汉时，忠实是指内容，通顺是指语言。
[B]英译汉时，忠实是指语言，通顺是指内容。( )
7. [A]英语代词比汉语用的多。
[B]英语代词比汉语用的少。( )
8. [A]鸠摩罗什的译文倾向于直译。
[B]玄奘的译文倾向于直译。( )
9. [A]我国近代翻译中最有影响的要算傅雷提出的“信”、“达”、“雅”了。
[B]我国近代翻译中最有影响的要算严复提出的“信”、“达”、“雅”了。( )
10. [A]Essay on the Principles of Translation is written by Cicero．
[B]Essay on the Principles of Translation is written by Tytler．( )
三、Multiple Choice Questions.
Directions：This part consists of fifteen sentences，each followed by several different translations．Choose the one that is the most equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. （选择。从下列每组译文中，选择正确的译文。）
1．我喜欢哲学，更喜欢文学.( )
A．I like literature better than philosophy.
B．I like literature more than philosophy.
2．他的一切希望都破灭了.( )
A．All his hopes were dashed to pieces.
B．All his hopes were broken.
3．弘扬体育精神，促进国际往来.( )
A．Spreading over the physical spirits and promoting international communications. B．Promote sportsmanship and international exchanges.
4．他感动得眼泪都流了出来.( )
A．He was moved very much to tears.
B．He was very moved to tears.
5．历史上的战争分两类，一类是正义的，一类是非正义的.( )
A．History shows that wars are divided into two kinds，just and unjust.
B．Wars in history can be divided into two kinds，just and unjust.
6．九寨沟之美是无法形容的.( )
A．The scenery of Jiuzaigou is too beautiful for words.
B．The scenery of Jiuzaigou is beautiful above description.
7．现在有许多人在提倡民族化、科学化、大众化.( )
A. Many people now advocate nationalization, scientificalization and popularization. B．Many people nowadays are calling for a transformation to a national, scientific and mass style．
8．产品质量稳定可靠，深受用户欢迎。( )
A．Quality of products is steady and is welcomed by customers.
B．Our product has a stable and reliable quality and is widely accepted by customers.
9．出席人数比预期的要多。( )
A．There were more people than expected.
B．There were more people than was expected.
10．他坚持说他做了这项工作。( )
A．He insisted that he do the job．
B．He insisted that he had done the job．
11. The image of a sudden wall of dark water carrying the man and his car—away in an instant is still imprinted on my mind．( )
[A]突然，混浊的雨墙瞬间连人带车都冲走的情景还印在我的脑海里。
[B]我的脑海里至今带有突然变黑的雨水像墙一样压下来，一下子连人带车都冲走的印象。
[C]突然，混浊的雨水像一面墙一样压下来，一下子连人带车都冲走了。这情景到现在还印在我的脑海里。
[D]至今我的脑海里的印象是，雨水突然变混，像一面墙一样把人和车都带走了。
12. Earl and I had noticed many children who ignored the fences and found holes t0 allow them through in order t0 play in the dirt．( )
[A]我和艾勒注意到许多孩子们还没有看到栏杆，就找到缺口让他们钻过去，以便在烂泥里玩。
[B]我和艾勒看到了许多对栏杆满不在乎的孩子们。他们找到缺口钻进去，在烂泥里玩。
[C]我和艾勒看见了许多忽视栏杆并钻过缺口，在烂泥里玩耍的孩子们。
[D]我和艾勒看见许多孩子不管栏杆不栏杆，见了缺口就钻过去，在烂泥里玩。
13. 如今能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。( )
[A] To be asked to write a preface to his collection of essays is a great honor．
[B] I find a great pleasure to ask to write his collection of essays a preface．
[C] It’s a great pleasure that 1 will write him a preface of this collection of essays．
[D] I find it a great honor to be asked to write a preface to this collection of his essays．
14. 《心目中的河流》写出了他对于小河流水的深情，这使我回忆起我所热爱的无边无际的大海。( )
[A] “A River at Heart” wrote out his deep feelings towards the small flowing river，which reminded me of my love for the boundless．vast sea．
[B] His deep feelings towards the small flowing river in “A River at Heart”reminded me Of my love for the vast sea．
[C] In“A River at Heart"．he expressed his deep feelings towards the flowing water of a creek，which reminded me of my own love for the boundless，vast sea．
[D] He expressed his deep feeling towards the flowing water of a creek in“A River at Heart” and reminded me of my own love for the boundless sea．
15.他在国内旅游过的地方，除了井冈山以外，都是我没有到过的。( )
[A] In China，he has been to many places except the Jinggang Mountains which I have never been to．
[B] Except the Jinggang Mountains，he has been to many places in China which I have never visited．
[C] In China，I have never visited many places he has been to，with the exception of the Jinggang Mountains．
[D] In China，he has been to many places which I have never visited．with the exception of the Jinggang Mountains．
四、True(T) or False(F) Questions.（译文判断。正确的在题后括号内划T,错误的划F）
1.他们已适应了乡村生活.
( ) They have adapted themselves with the country life.
2.我上床好几个小时了,还是没睡着.
( ) I had been lying on bed for hours, but I still could not fall asleep.
3.白雪覆盖着大地.
( ) The ground is covered with snow.
4.那些老人常常一大早就去公园.
( ) Those old people go to the park in early morning.
5.她给你买的这本词典,你付钱了吗?
( ) Have you paid the dictionary she bought you?
6．门大敞着。
( )The door is wide open．
7．他看上去比实际年龄大。
( )He looks older than his age．
8．我身体虚弱，很容易感冒。
( )I am very weak，easy to catch cold。
9．会议将于明天举行。
( )The meeting will be taken place tomorrow．
10．在月底前完成任务不成问题。
( )It is out of question to fulfill the task by the end of the month．
11．她不配做这项工作。
( )She is unequal to do the job．
12．我确信他会成功。
( )I do not doubt whether he will succeed．
13．她一点儿也不害怕。
( )She is not a bit afraid．
14．我小时候，常住在乡下。
( )When 1 was a little boy，1 would live in the country．
15．你们在讨论什么呢?
( ) What are you discussing about?
五、Translation Improvement. （改错：下列单句译文有错误，将其改正。）
A. Directions：Each of the following Chinese translations has one or more
inadequacies．Improve the given translations．
1．原文：You must see to it that the children get up in time．
译文：你必须要注意让孩子们及时起床这件事。
修改：
2．原文：It was not until he went to study in Britain that he realizedⅡ1e importance of studying English．
译文：在他没去英国的时候，他没认识到学习英语的重要性。
修改：
3．原文：Little do we suspect that this district is rich in mineral resources．
译文：我们很少怀疑这一地区矿产丰富。
修改：
4．原文：Then came the First World War and the male secretaries were replaced by women．译文：当时第一次世界大战到来，男秘书被女秘书代替了。
修改：
5．原文：So absurd did she look that we all stared at her．
译文：如此可笑，她看着我们都盯着她。
修改：
6．原文：Do tell my parents that I am getting on well with my health when you meet them during your stay in Beijing．
译文：当你在北京停留时遇到他们告诉我的父母的身体很好。
修改：
7．原文：The areas of conflict--Middle East，Central America，Southern Africa are nowhere near resolution．
译文：一些冲突地区，包括中东、中美洲、南部非洲等，不在接近解决问题的地区范围之内。
修改：
8．原文：There is a want of confidence in the young generation in that country．译文：对那个国家的年轻一代要有信心。
修改：
9．Why did you take French leave? You should have come to say goodbye．
译文：你为什么要法国似地离去?你本该来告个别的。
修改：
10．His wife was too beautiful for words，so he fell in love with her at first sight．译文：这些词句，他的妻子写得真是太美了，因此，他对她一见钟情。
修改：
B．Directions：Each of the following English translations has one or more inadequacies．Improve the given translations．
1．原文：他的不合作态度使这个项目进展十分缓慢。
译文：The project is making slow progress due to his incooperation．
修改：
2．原文：你们谁想参加春游就在星期五之前报名。
译文：You whoever wants to join the spring outing should sign up before Friday．
修改：
3．原文：我觉得这个店里的衣服即使打六折也还是太贵。
译文：I think the clothes in this shop are still too expensive even if we could get a 60 percent discount．
修改：
4．原文：就目前情况看，工程造价将会超出预算30％。
译文：Judging by the current situation，the construction cost of this project will exceed 30 percent of the budget．
修改：
5．原文：想让他答应如此要求恐怕不太可能。
译文：I’m afraid it is impossible for h im to agree such a requirement．
修改：
6．原文：他经常在背后讲人的坏话，让我非常反感。
译文：He often talks the others’ shortcoming behind the others’ back，this makes me have a strong aversion to him．
修改：
7．原文：万一你想取消这次旅行，请至少提前一个月书面通知我们。
译文：If you want to cancel the trip，please notify us in writing at least one month earlier．修改：
8．上课时，任何人都不许出去。
译文：Anyone is not allowed to go out while the class is in progress.
修改：
9．离开父母时，她答应他们将尽量多写家信。
译文：When she left her parents she promised them that she would write home letters as many as possible．
修改：
10．我一到纽约，我的朋友就在机场等我。
译文：On arriving in New York，my friend was waiting for me at the airport．
修改：
六、Complete the following sentences.(补全译文。根据下列单句中的原文填充译文中的空白。)
1．A delighted giggle cut through the severe silence．The ice was broken．We all laughed．一阵咯咯的欢笑声打破了严肃而沉寂的气氛。（），大家都笑了起来。
2．The parson rode a step or two nearer．
牧师（）走近了一两步。
3．He took me in from top t0 toe with a quick glance．
他以敏捷的眼光把我从头到脚（）。
4．The conclusion we reached in Britain is that change simply cannot sensibly be put off．我们英国人得出的结论是，（）。
5．For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home．
对我们英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们
（）。
6．在整个改革开放的过程中，必须始终注意坚持四项基本原则。
Throughout the process of reform and opening，we must adhere to the
（）．
7．中国正处在社会主义的初级阶段。
China is in the（），stage of socialism．
8．家里最大的是我，才十三岁，就唱戏养家了。
At thirteen，（），I acted to help support the family．9．从我们自己这些年的经验来看，经济发展隔几年上一个台阶，是能够办到的。
Judging from what we have accomplished in recent years，it should be possible for our economy（）.
10．中央要求科技界面向经济建设。
The Central Committee of the Party has called for the work in science and technology （）．
11．党的十三大充分表明我们党后继有人。
The 13th party congress fully demonstrates that our party（）. 12．使我们失望的是，他没有顾全大局。
To our disappointment，he failed to take （）．
13．我们用自己动手的方法，达到了丰衣足食的目的。(2分)
By using our own hands we have attained（）
14．大街小巷到处都是人。
People（）scattered everywhere in the lanes and streets．
15．倾囊相助是一种美德。(2分)
To （）in need is of course a virtue．
七、Sentence Translation (句子翻译)
1．But there isn't anything here right now that I could offer you．We don’t make many changes．2．They were beckoning mountains with a brown grass love．
3．Yes，Sir John．Thank you．Anything else I can do for you，Sir John?
4．虽然时代不同，我想历史古迹总该依旧吧。
5．在旧社会，我们评剧演员常常挣钱不够吃饭，艺人们大都是拉家带口，生活困难。6．日子很快的过去了，她还像以前那样努力的工作，不计较饮食，从不吝惜自己的力气。7．可供养鱼的稻田670万公顷，利用率仅为15％。
8．就他这个提纲，我补充三点意见。(3分)
9．俗话说，“男儿有泪不轻弹，皆因未到伤心处。”(3分)
10．社会主义民主要扩展到政治生活、经济生活、文化生活和社会生活的各个方面。(3分) 11．国际争端不应诉诸武力威胁。
12．共产党员应该吃苦在前，享受在后。
13．昨晚整夜雷电交加，我一点也没睡着。
14．学而时习之，不亦乐乎?
15．警察监视着嫌疑犯的一举一动。
八、Paragraph Translation（段落翻译）
A. Directions：Translate the following passages into Chinese （将下列短文译成汉语）1．“I got on horseback within ten minutes after I got your letter．When I got to Canterbury，I got a chaise for town，but I got wet through，and have got such a cold that I shall not get rid of it in a hurry．I got to the Treasury about noon，but first of all got shaved and dressed，but I could not get an answer then；however．I got intelligence from a messenger that I should get one next morning．…”
2．There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece．The one most widely accepted today is based On the assumption that drama evolved from ritual．The argument for this view goes as follows．In the beginning，human beings viewed the
natural forces of the world——even the seasonal changes——as unpredictable，and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers．Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals．Eventually stories arose which explained or veil。ed the mysteries Of the rites．As time passed some rituals were abandoned，but the stories，later called myths．persisted and provided material for art and drama.
B．Directions：Translate the following passages into English．
1．饥饿始终是半殖民地、半封建的旧中国的一大难题。旧中国的农业发展水平极为低下，有80％的人口长期处于饥饿半饥饿状态，遇有自然灾害，更是尸横遍地。1949年新中国成立时，全国每公顷粮食产量只有1035公斤，人均粮食占有量仅为210公斤。
2．我们到底要培养什么样的大学生?我们今后能在色彩纷繁、瞬息万变的当今世界站住
脚吗?看来，首先要启发学生的学习兴趣和主动性，培养他们的自学能力。
3．中国饮茶的风尚，到了7世纪的唐代，已经相当盛行了，那时日本派有大批的留学生，到中国来学习中国文化，自然也学会了中国的饮茶。日本现在的所谓茶道，向西方人士夸说是日本独特的艺术，其实完全是中国的古风，是明代以前的烹茶方法。除了日本以外，最讲究喝茶的外国人应该是英国人了，而英国人懂得喝茶，至多也不过两三百年的历史。
4．认识落后，才能去改变落后；学习先进，才有可能赶超先进。科学技术是人类共同创造的财富。任何一个民族、一个国家都需要学习别的民族、别的国家的长处，学习人家的先进科学技术。我们不仅因为今天科学技术落后，需要努力向外国学习。即使我们的科学技术赶上了世界先进水平，也还要学习人家的长处。
注：期末试题题型及分值比率：
一、选择正确译文：10%
二、理论常识填空；5%
三、译文判断：10%
四、补全译文：15%
五、翻译下列句子：30%
六、段落翻译：30%
北语网院20春《英汉／汉英翻译》作业_1答案
(单选)1：She does not photograph well. A：她不上镜。 B：他不爱照相。 正确答案：A (单选)2：随着人数的增加，他们力量也增加了。 A：As the increse of the number, their power is increased B： Their power increased with their number. 正确答案：B (单选)3：We stand now where two roads diverge. But unlike the roads in Robert Frost＇s familiar poem, they are not equally fair. A：我们站在两条路的岔路口，但是不像罗伯特熟悉的诗里那样，并不是同样的公平 B：我们正处在两条路的分岔口。但是并不像我们所熟悉的罗伯特的诗中所说的，这两条路是同样的好 正确答案：B (单选)4：I don＇t know how far I didn＇t run. A：我不知道跑了多远 B：我不知道还有多远我没有跑。 正确答案：A (单选)5：质量服务月 A：Quality Service Month B：Quantity Service Month 正确答案：A (单选)6：无事不登三宝殿。 A：I wouldn’t come to you if I hadn’t something to ask of you. B：I wouldn’t come to you if I hadn’t something for you. 正确答案：A (单选)7：Little remains to be said. A：简直没有什么可说的了 B：还能说一点。 正确答案：A (单选)8：ginger beer A：姜汁啤酒 B：姜汁汽水 正确答案：A (单选)9：走马观花 A：to appreciate flowers on a running horse
英文翻译练习作业
英文翻译练习（一） The status of Philosophy in Chinese culture has always been regarded as a comparison with that of religion in other cultures. In China, Philosophy is the concerned field by each educated one. Long time ago in China, a person would firstly accept enlightened education in Philosophy if he could be given education. Children should read the Analects, Mencius, The great Learning, The Doctrine of mean once they entered school. The Four Books were regarded as the most important documents after Song(regarded as “new Confucianism”in west).When children began to learn words, the commonly used textbook is Three Words, in which every three words a group, every six words one sentence, and the even sentence rhyme has rhyme, easy to read aloud and easy to remember. In fact, this book is used to learn words for Chinese children. The first sentence of Three Words “Man’s nature is good at birth.” Is the basic idea of philosophy of Mencius.
实用英文写作与翻译作业与参考答案21
实用英文写作与翻译2-1作业及参考答案 第一次作业： Americans Eat Out More often and Less Healthfully Although food cooked at home is far more healthful than meals eaten at restaurants, Americans are dining out more than ever, the U.S. Agriculture Department said Tuesday. Restaurant food accounted for（[在数量，比例方面] 占） 39 percent of U.S. meals bought in 1996, up from 26 percent in 1970, the department said in a report, ``Away-From-Home Foods Increasingly Important to Quality of American Diet.'' ``While（尽管）the nutritional quality（营养质量）of foods consumed by Americans has improved overall, foods prepared at home are generally much more healthful than away-from-home foods,'' the department said. ``Despite nutritional gains at home, Americans will find it difficult to improve their diets because they purchase so many meals outside the home,'' the study said. While （尽管）the nutritional content of food prepared both at home and in restaurants has improved in recent years, food eaten out contains more of the nutrients Americans typically（一般地；通常）eat too much of, including fat and saturated fat（饱和脂肪）, and less of what is lacking from most diets, such as calcium, fiber and iron. The department recommended nutrition education programs should place more emphasis on teaching U.S. consumers about how to order healthful meals when dining out. Improved diets have been found to prevent risk of heart disease, stroke（中风）, cancer, diabetes（糖尿病）, osteoporosis-related hip fractures（与骨质疏松症有关的髋关节骨折） and neural tube birth defects（神经管先天缺损）. Osteoporosis-related hip fractures cost up to $10.6 billion each year in the United States in medical care expenses, missed work and premature deaths（早亡）, the department said. 参考译文：美国人外出用餐频繁而饮食健康水准美况愈下 据美国农业部星期二称尽管在家煮烧的食物远比餐馆里所用之餐有益于健康，美国人外出用餐更频繁。餐馆里的食物占1996年美国人购餐的39%，比1970年增长了26%。该部门在报告中称：“外出所用之餐对于美国人饮食质量日益重要”。该部门还称：“虽然美国人消费的食物的营养质量总体改善了。但是，一般来说，家里所备的食物远比外出用餐的食物有益于健康。”研究表明：“尽管在家里用餐能获取养份，美国人发觉他们难以改善自己的饮食，因为他们多次在外购餐。”近年来在家里和餐馆里所备的食物的营养结构都得到了改善，然而，外出用餐的食物包含了较多典型的美国人汲取过多的养份，包括脂肪和饱和脂肪，也包含了较少多数饮食中所缺少的，如钙，纤维和铁。该农业部提议营养教育计划应更着重于教导美国消费者外出用餐时如何预定有益于健康的一餐。人们发现改善后的饮食结构能预防心脏病，中风，癌症，糖尿病，与骨盆炎相关的髋部骨折以及试管婴儿的神经缺陷所带来的危险。该部门称，在美国与骨盆炎相关的髋部骨折每年在医疗照料费用，医疗失误和早产死亡之上的耗费高达106亿美元。 第二次作业 1、Kill one’s appetite ?Kill time ?Kill the peace ?Kill the mood ?Kill the proposal ?Kill the engine ?Kill the child with kindness 2、If the doctor had been available, the child would not have died. 3、This ticket is available in all parks. 4、I’ll have Mr. Perkin call you back as soon as he is available.
科技英语翻译练习
科技翻译练习二 II: 汉译英 VR（虚拟现实）技术可广泛的应用于城市规划、室内设计、工业仿真、古迹复原、桥梁道路设计、房地产销售、旅游教学、水利电力、地质灾害、教育培训等众多领域，为其提供切实可行的解决方案。 在先进制造业领域，站在大飞机发动机的3D影像面前，“可任意拆卸”这个虚拟现实的强项表现得淋漓尽致。操作人员可以把虚拟发动机的许多部件逐一拆下，再进入发动机内部。“虚拟现实”实现了跨平台的交互式设计、虚拟展示、虚拟装配、CAE数据可视化等功能，大幅提高设计团队的设计效率，使研发人员能及时发现、修正设计缺陷和潜在的工艺问题，提高产品开发的制造成功率。 虚拟现实技术在教育培训领域也大有用武之地。为真实实验不具备或难以完成的教学功能创造条件。在涉及高危或极端的环境、不可及或不可逆的操作，高成本、高消耗、大型或综合训练等情况时，虚拟现实技术能提供可靠、安全和经济的实验项目。华东理工大学的G-Magic虚拟现实实验室，就是高校虚拟现实教学的一个范例。该实验室拥有CAVE洞穴式虚拟现实系统，可以把大学生设计的作品投影到墙面、天花板和地面上。比如，学生设计了一间淋浴房，他能利用这套系统把它展现在实验室里，和真实的淋浴房一样大小。营造出这种教学环境后，教师就能与学生更方便地交流各个环节的设计优劣，并随时做出修改。 企业的一些培训项目，同样离不开HYPERLINK "https://www.sodocs.net/doc/155873085.html,/view/7299.htm" \t "_blank" 虚拟现实 。以石油化工为例，众所周知，大型石油灌区集中了大量危险化学品，一旦操作不当，便可能引发火灾、爆炸事故，并造成环境污染等次生灾害。因此，政府和企业对大型石油灌区的安全性和操作人员的专业性提出了很高要求。虚拟现实技术可以构建储罐区应急救援及安全培训系统，它不但能向员工呈现操作流程的各种场景，引导他们学习、掌握安全操作技能，还能模拟事故发生、火光熊熊的场面，让员工在沉浸式虚拟影像中开展救援行动。 VR (Virtual Reality) technology can be widely used in many areas,such as urban planning, interior design, industrial simulation, historic restoration, design of bridges and roads, real estate sales, tourism, education, water power, geological disasters, education and training, and provide practical solutions. In the field of advanced manufacturing, standing in front of large aircraft engines of 3D image, The strengths of virtual -"can be arbitrary tear down" express thoroughly.The operators can put a lot of virtual engine parts one by one, and then into the internal engine.Virtual reality achieves many functions, such as,a cross-platform interactive design, virtual display, virtual assembly, and CAE data visualization capabilities, so it increase the team's design efficiency drastically, and researchers can find the corrected design flaws and potential process problems timely and improve product development manufacturing success rate. Virtual reality technology is also very useful in the field of education and training.It creates conditions for the real tests which are not available or difficult to complete the teaching function.When it refers to high-risk or extreme environments, inaccessible or irreversible operation, high cost, high consumption, large or comprehensive training, etc., virtual reality technology can provide reliable, safe and economical experimental projects.G-Magic Virtual Reality Lab of East China University is an example of virtual reality in University Teaching.The lab has a CAVE virtual reality of cave system and college students’design work can be projected onto the walls, ceiling and floor.For example, the student designed a shower room, he can use the system to show it in the laboratory as the same size as the real
英语翻译作业
Americans are much more likely than citizens of other nations to believe that they live in a meritocracy, i.e. Government by people selected according to merit. But this self-image is a fantasy: America actually stands out as an advanced country in which it matters most who your parents were, the country in which those born on one of society’s lower rungs have the least chance of climbing to the top or even to the middle. And if you ask why America is more class-bound in practice than the rest of the Western world, a large part of the reason is that our government falls down on the job of creating equal opportunity. The failure starts early: in America, the holes in the social safety net mean that both low-income mothers and their children are all too likely to suffer from poor nutrition and receive inadequate health care. It continues once children reach school age, where they encounter a system in which the affluent send their kids to good, well-financed public schools or, if they choose, to private schools, while less-advantaged children get a far worse education. 美国人可能比任何其他国家的人都更相信他们生活在一个精英制度之下，人们推选的政府也是据其优势。然而，这个自我形象是一种幻想：作为先进国家，实际上美国的突出特点是出身至关重要，在这个国度里，来自社会底层的人几乎没有机会爬到社会中层，更不用说社会顶层。 如果你要问为什么实际上美国比其他西方国家都要阶级分明，主要原因就是我们的政府在创造公平机会方面的失败。 这种不公平很早以前就开始了：在美国，由于社会安全网存在漏洞，这就意味着低收入的母亲和他们的孩子完全有可能存在营养不良，得不到足够的医疗服务。孩子到了上学年龄这种情况也不会得到改观，他们所遇到的体制是富人可以送自己的孩子到资金充足的好的公立学校上学，如果愿意，还可以从送到私立学校上学，而穷人孩子接受的教育却非常差。
2018专业英语第一次作业(一二课内容)
湖南文理学院学院2017-2018学年度第一次作业 考核课程： 《计算机专业英语》 学生所在院系： 国际学院 年 级： 2017 姓名： 刘飞 班级： 网工17102班 学号： 201719040213 一、Give out the full names for the following abbreviations(写出下列缩写词的全称)（２0%） EEPROM_Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory_ CPU ___Central Processing Unit____________________________ ALU ___A rithmetic/Logic Unit _______________________________ IT ___Information Technology___________________________ WWW___World Wide Web_________________________________ RAM ____Random Access Memory_________________________ PNP _____Plug-And-Play__________________________________ OS _____Operating System_______________________________ HTML____Hyper Text Markup Language______________________ TCP ____Transfer Control Protocol_________________________ SSI _____Small-Scale Integrated circuit_____________________ DRAM____Dynamic Random Access Memory________________ CA(M)D___Computer Aided Design__________________________ CAI_______Computer Aided Instruction______________________ 256000000__two hundreds and fifty six million________________ 25600000___twenty five million and six thousands_____________ SRAM_____Static Random Access Memory___________________ CAT_______Computer Aided Text____________________________ CA Ｍ______Computer Aided Made(Manufacture)_______________ Ｉ／Ｏ_____Input/Output__________________________________ 二、Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column( 将)（10%） 1. memory unit a. 半导体存储器 2. high density b. 主存
科技英语考试翻译
考试日期：05 年12 月31 日 1.为此，必须对电路(circuit)的基本内容有一个很好的了解。 For this purpose, it is necessary to have a good understanding of the fundamentals of the circuit. 2.这个系数(coefficient)有待确定。 This coefficient remains to be determined. 3.现有的教科书均没有提这一点。 None of the textbook available mentions this point. 4.由于反馈(feedback)在电子线路(electronic circuit)中起着重要作用，所以对它的研究极为 重要。 Since feedback plays an important role in the electronic circuit, its study is very important. 5.有迹象表明，计算机的价格将进一步下跌。 There is an indication that the price of computers will fall further. 6.这个方法的确管用，不过到底该在什么情况下使用它尚不清楚。 This method does work, but it is not clear in what condition it is that it should be used. 7.十年前该厂的产量比现在高五倍。 The output of this factory 10 years ago is 6 times what it is now. 8.激光(laser)是二十世纪六十年代引入的一项新技术，它能穿透(pierce)特别硬的物质。 A new technology introduced in the 1960s, laser can pierce very hard substances. 9.为使晶体管(transistor)正常工作，必须给其电极(electrode)加(apply)上合适的电压(voltage)。 For the transistor to work normally, it is necessary to apply a proper voltage across the electrode.
北语20春《英汉／汉英翻译》作业1答案
20春《英汉／汉英翻译》作业1 试卷总分:100 得分:100 一、单选题(共15 道试题,共75 分) 1.It is a wise man that never makes mistakes. A.只有聪明的人才不会范错误 B.再聪明的人也会范错误。 答案:B 2.I＇m not a little afraid of snakes. A.我一点也不怕蛇 B.我非常怕蛇。 答案:B 3.He is a Napoleon of finance. A.他是金融界的拿破仑 B.他是金融界的巨头。 答案:B 4.I don＇t know how far I didn＇t run. A.我不知道跑了多远 B.我不知道还有多远我没有跑。 答案:A 5.中国政府决定，要用3年左右时间使大多数国有企业走出困境。 A.The Chinese government has decided to take about three years to extricate most state-owned enterprises from their difficulties B.Chinese government decides to help most national enterprises going out obstacle with about 3 years. 答案:A 6.You can never be too careful about English-Chinese translation A.作英译汉时，不能太仔细 B.作英译汉时，越仔细越好。 答案:B 7.在这个紧要关头，我们尤其不该为了已经无法挽回的事情相互埋怨。 A.At a critical time we especially should not blame one for what has already happened B.The last thing we should do at this crucial moment is blaming one another for what can not be undone. 答案:B 8.The burning question of my childhood had been richly answered. A.我小时候梦寐以求想得到答案的问题，终于得到了圆满的回答 B.我儿童时代在心中燃烧的问题，终于得到了充分的回答。
英语翻译作业1
He stopped traffic on Fifth Avenue like the Beatles or Marilyn Monroe. He could've been president of Israel or played violin at Carnegie Hall, but he was too busy thinking. His musings on God, love and the meaning of life grace our greeting cards and day-timers. Fifty years after his death, his shock of white hair and droopy mustache still symbolize genius. Einstein remains the foremost scientist of the modern era. Looking back 2,400 years, only Newton, Galileo and Aristotle were his equals. Around the world, universities and academies are celebrating the 100th anniversary of Einstein's "miracle year" when he published five scientific papers in 1905 that fundamentally changed our grasp of space, time, light and matter. Only he could top himself about a decade later with his theory of general relativity. Born in the era of horse-drawn carriages, his ideas launched a dazzling technological revolution that has generated more change in a century than in the previous two millennia. Computers, satellites, telecommunication, lasers, television and nuclear power all owe their invention to ways in which Einstein peeled back the veneer of the observable world to expose a stranger and more complicated reality underneath. Yet there is more, and it is why Einstein transcends mere genius and has become our culture's grandfatherly icon. He escaped Hitler's Germany and devoted the rest of his life to humanitarian and pacifist causes with an authority unmatched by any scientist today, or even most politicians and religious leaders. He used his celebrity to speak out against fascism, racial prejudice and the McCarthy hearings. His FBI file ran 1,400 pages. His letters reveal a tumultuous personal life -- married twice and indifferent toward his children while obsessed with physics. Yet he charmed lovers and admirers with poetry and sailboat outings. Friends and neighbors fiercely protected his privacy 他曾像披头士和玛莉莲-梦露一样让第五大道交通阻塞， 他本可以成为以色列总统，或在卡内基音乐厅演奏小提琴，但他却把时间都用来思考。他对上帝、爱和对人生意义的思考经常出现在贺卡和台历上。 在他去世五十年后,他一头浓密的白发和下垂的胡须仍是天才的象征。 爱因斯坦仍然是现代最伟大的科学家。看过去的2400年里也只有牛顿、伽利略和亚里士多德才能与之相较。 世界各地的大学和学院都在庆祝爱因斯坦的“奇迹年”100周年纪念。就是他1905年发表五篇科学论文。从根本上改变了我们对空间、时间、光和物质的认识。只有他自己能在数十年之后超越他的广义相对论。 爱因斯坦出生在马车盛行的年代，但他的理论和思想却引发了一场令人眼花缭乱的科学技术革命。在短短的数百年中，这场科技革命带来的的变化远比以往2000年来变化的总和还要多。 计算机、人造卫星、电子通讯、激光、电视和核能的创造发明都归功于爱因斯坦提出的研究方法：......揭露一个陌生人和更复杂的现实。 当然爱因斯坦意味的并不仅仅是这些，他已经超越了科学天才的范畴，成为人类文明中德高望重的偶像。 他逃离了希特勒统治下的德国并把他的余生都献给了人道主义与和平主义事业。他的威望是当今任何科学家和大多数的政治或宗教领袖不能相比的。 作为公众人物，爱因斯坦常常站出来抨击法西斯主义、种族歧视以及当时美国当权者提出的“麦卡锡主义”。他提供给联邦调查局的文件达1400页。 爱因斯坦的书信揭示了他不寻常的个人生活：他结过两次婚；每当专注思考物理问题时，他就会忽略身边的子女。但是，他也会用诗歌和帆船出游来吸引他的爱人和仰慕者。他的朋友和邻居们都极力保护他的隐私。
科技英语翻译考试题目
Part I: Translate the Chinese in the brackets into English. (15%) 1. ____________________(爱因斯坦相对论)is the only one which can explain such phenomena. 2. Rate of penetration was found to ____________________ (与……成正比) the net pressure applied by the tool. 3. Being a ______________(非良导体/绝缘体), rubber is often used in cables. 4. Properly speaking, ___________(并非所有的物质) exist in three states. 5. An electric current produces ______________(磁场) around it. 6. With the result of automation, productivity has ___ ___________ (增加了5倍) in that factory. 7. Copper and aluminum are the best conductors of electric current ______________(仅次于银). 8. The neutron has __________________(既不带正电荷，也不带负电荷). 9. When the water temperature is increased, it vaporized more quickly until it reaches ________（沸点）. 10. A __________(变压器) is a very useful device, even though it can be sued only with alternating current. Part Ⅱ: Choose the better rendition for each of the following sentences.(20%) 1.由于我在会上发表论文，如蒙介绍有关会议的详细情况，不胜感激。 A) Because I will deliver a thesis at the conference, I shall appreciate it very much if you could introduce to me the detailed condition of the meeting. B) As I will present a paper at the conference, I will be grateful if you could supply me with detailed information about the meeting. 2. 西安附上我提供会议的论文，题目是“动物克隆在中国”，一式三份，如果要发电子邮件以转录软盘，我可以立即发出。 A) I am enclosing herewith my paper of the topic of “Animal Cloning in China” one form in three B) I am enclosing, in three copies, my paper entitled “Animal Closing in China” for the conference. If req uired, I can send an e-mail for the disk right away. 3．核能发电，是在20世纪才发展起来的新事物。不幸的是，建立和维持核发电厂的成本很高，使得建设速度要比原先预料的慢许多。---中国的第一座核发电厂，是于20世纪后期建立在深圳，靠近香港。 A) Using nuclear energy to generate electricity is a new thing developed in the 20th century. What is unfortunate is that the costs of building and maintaining a nuclear power plant are very high, making the speed of construction much slower than previously predicted. ----China’s first nuclear power plant was built in the late 20th century at Shenzhen near Hongkong. B) The production of nuclear power is a new development of the 20th century. Unfortunately, the high costs of building and maintaining a nuclear power plant have led to a much slower rate of growth than was predicted. -----China’s first nuclear power plant was built in the late 20th century at Shenzhen near Hongkong. 4. 不少科学家论证说，三国演义里所说的“木牛流马”，可能是一些有相当复杂性的机器，其工作原理可说类似于今天的某些器械装置。 A) Quite a few scientists say by reasoning that the “wooden cows, running horses” described in the Romance of the Three Kingdo ms could be rather complex machines whose working principles can be said to be like certain mechanical devices of today. B) Quite a few scientists argue that the “wooden cows, running horses” described in the Romance of Three Kingdoms could be machines of sufficient complexity working on principles supposedly similar to certain present-day mechanical devices. 5. 摘要：本文简单叙述和分析了本实验室最近对猪流感病毒所作的两次实验的成果。 A) Abstract: The results of two experiments on swine flu virus are briefly described and analyzed. B) Abstract: this article simply states and analyzes the results of two experimental tests this laboratory recently performed in the research on swine flu virus. 6. 珠江三角洲在中国的南部，气候良好，交通系统效率高，一向工农业都在快速发展。 A) The Pearl River Delta is to the south of China. It has a nice weather and a highly efficient communication system. Both of its industry and agriculture
英汉翻译作业(5) 参考译文
邀请名人做广告，只要商品确实是货真价实，名人又愿意，这应该是广告技巧的上策，会产生很强的名人效应。但是商品质量差，广告又言过其实，又请名人做广告，这种广告一时也会产生一些好的影响，但最终是砸了自己的牌子，也塌了名人台，影响名人的信誉，因此名人在接受时要慎之又慎。请名人做广告，付给的报酬高得惊人，而一些名人尤其是政界和科学界的名流往往不肯抛头露面。这样西方国家的一些广告商便在平民中千方百计物色酷似名流的人来做广告，甚至被弄去参加开业典礼或者开张剪裁以招徕生意。局外人往往不明真相而受蒙骗。正因为真假难分，名人替身常遭不测。 To invite those eminent persons to help make advertisements should be regarded as one of the best ad strategies and could of course, produce a spectacular VIP effect, provided that those eminent persons are perfectly willing to accept the invitation and, more importantly, the commodities to be advertised are genuine and their prices fair. Sometimes, while a commodity is of inferior quality, the ad is full of words lavishing praise on it. If, under such a circumstance, an eminent person comes to help make the ad, the ad could, if anything, be temporarily successful before it turns the brand of the commodity in question notorious and more disastrously, ruins the reputation of the eminent person thereafter. It is precisely for this reason that the eminent persons are well advised to think more than twice before agreeing to appear on a commercial. Despite the fact that an eminent person could be paid a staggering sum of money after he or she helps make a commercial ad, some eminent persons, those in political and scientific circles in particular, are averse to public exposures. As a result, some advertisers in Western countries have had to try every means possible to scout among the populace at large men or women that are very copies of the eminent persons they are after. Once recruited, an eminent person’s substitute, apart from appearing on an ad, is often made to show up on certain high profile occasions, such as opening ceremonies or ribbon cutting ceremonies, with a view to soliciting customers. Outsiders, unable to distinguish a real eminent person from his substitute, are usually taken in. However, not every hired substitute is lucky. Some of them may become victims of unexpected attacks aimed at the real eminent persons and suffer unfortunately, for them. Work Produced against the grain and in marginality by George Steiner in After Babel: This book was written under somewhat difficult circumstances .I was at the time increasingly marginalized and indeed isolated within the academic community. This is not ,necessarily, a handicap. Tenure in the academy today ,the approval of one’s professional peers, the assistance and laurels in their giving, are not infrequently symptoms of opportunism and mediocre conventionality. A degree of exclusion, of compelled apartness, may be one of the conditions of valid work. In the humanities,in the disciplines of intuitive discourse, committees, colloquia, the conference circuit are the bane. Nothing is more ludicrous than the roll-call of academic colleagues and sponsors set out in grateful footnotes at the bottom of trivia. In poetics ,in philosophy, in hermeneutics, work worth doing will more often than not be produced against the grain and in marginality.