读写4级3单元练习

I. RF

4-RF-01

Key: 1-5: FTTFT 6-10: TNFFT

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over a passage quickly and read ten statements after it.

For statements1-10, write

T(for True) if the statement agrees with the information given in the above paragraph(s);

F(for False) if the statement contradicts the information given in the above paragraph(s);

N (for Not given) if the statement is not given in the above paragraph(s);

The Kind of Work Daddy Does

It is not surprising that modern children tend to look blank and dispirited when informed that they will someday have to “go to work and make a living.” The fact is they cannot visualize what work is in corporate America.

Not long ago, when a parent said he was off to work, the child knew very well what was about to happen. His parent was going to make something or fix something. The parent could take his offspring to his place of business and let him watch while he repaired a car or built a table.

When a child asked, "What kind of work do you do, Daddy? His father could answer in terms that a child could come to grips with.” I fix steam engines.” I make horse collars”

Well, a few fathers still fix engines and build things, but most do not. Nowadays, most fathers sit in glass buildings performing tasks that are absolutely incomprehensible to children. The answers they gave when asked, “What kind of work do you do, Daddy?” are likely to be very puzzling to the child.

“I sell space.”“I do market research.”“I am a data processor.”“I am in public relations.”“I am a system analyst.” Such explanations must seem nonsense to a child. How can he possibly imagine anyone analyzing a system or researching a market? Even grown men who do market research have trouble visualizing what a public relations man does with his day, and it is a safe bet that the average systems analyst is as puzzled about what a space salesman does at the shop as the average space salesman is about the tools needed to analyze a system.

In the common everyday job, nothing is made any more. Things are now made by machines. V ery little is repaired. The machines that make things make them in such a fashion that they will quickly fall apart in such a way that repairs will be too expensive. Thus the buyer is encouraged to throw the thing away and buy a new one. In effect, the machines are making junk.

The handful of people remotely associated with these machines can, of course, tell their inquisitive children “Daddy makes junk.”Most of the work force, however, is too remote from junk production to sense any contribution to the industry. What do these people do?

Consider the typical twelve-story glass building in the typical American city.

Nothing is being made in this building and nothing is being repaired, including the building itself. Constructed as a piece of junk, the building will be discarded when it wears out, and another piece of junk will be set in its place.

Still, the building is filled with people who think of themselves as working. At any given moment during the day, perhaps one-third of them will be talking into telephone. Most of these conversations will be about paper, for paper is what occupies nearly everyone in this building.

Some jobs in the building require men to fill paper with words. There are persons who type neatly on paper and persons who read paper and jot notes in the margins. Some persons make copies of paper and other persons deliver paper. There are persons who file paper and persons who unfile paper.

Some persons mail paper. Some persons telephone other persons and ask that paper be sent to them. Others telephone to ascertain the whereabouts of paper. Some persons confer about paper. In the grandest offices, men approve of some paper and disapprove of other paper.

The elevators are filled throughout the day with young men carrying paper from floor to floor and with vital men carrying paper to be discussed with other vital men. What is a child to make of all this? His father may be so important that he lunches with other men about paper. Suppose he brings his son to work to give the boy some idea of what is all about. What does the boy see happening?

His father calls for paper. He reads paper. Perhaps he makes an angry red mark on paper. He telephones another man and says they had better lunch over paper.

At lunch they talk about paper. Back at the office, the father orders the paper retyped and reproduced in quintuplicate, and then sent to another man for comparison with paper that was reproduced in triplicate last year.

Imagine his poor son afterwards thinking about the mysteries of work with a friend, who asks him, “What does your father do?” What can the boy reply? “It beats me,”perhaps, if he is not very observant. Or if he is, “Something that has to do with making junk, I think. Same as everybody else.”

Statements

1. According to the author, modern children feel disheartened when they have to go to work, because they fear the prospect of having to earn their own living.

2. In the past, a child understood his father’s job better because most of the jobs at that time were of a more functional nature.

3. Men engaged in market research know the work of a man in public relations no better than an average systems analyst about the work of an average space salesman.

4. By making the remark that “the machines are making junk”, the author means the machines no longer make things people need.

5. Nowadays, it is cheaper for people to buy new stuff than to repair the old one.

6:Many workers may feel that their work is so abstract that sometimes they doubt if they are contributing to the industry.

7. A paper-centered working environment has been created in most working places for

greater efficiency.

8. In the very last paragraph, when the boy says “It beats me,”he means he was overwhelmed with pride for what his father does.

9. From this passage, we may see the author speaks highly of modern work brought by advanced technology.

10. If a child were to observe his father at work nowadays, he would be puzzled at seeing his father dealing only with paper all the time.

II. CVB

Directions: Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.

1.He was driven out of the house by the landlady since he had failed to pay his

______ for two months.

A) bill B) fee C) fare D) rent

2.Once ______ of doping (using excitant), the long distance runner will face a life

ban.

A) sentenced B) accused C) convicted D) condemned

3.On this special occasion, we’d love to have Eight Treasure Pudding for ______

which is a specialty in this Chinese restaurant.

A) dessert B) desert C) deserve D) desertion

4.The insurance company paid the Johnsons $ 20,000 in ______ after their house

was burnt down.

A) pension B) compensation C) commission D) substitution

5.Some vegetables like tomatoes and carrots are more nutritious while eaten cooked

than ______.

A) crude B) originally C) rude D) raw

6.The defending ______ snatched the gold medal by setting a new world record.

A) champagne B) campaign C) companion D) champion

7.More ______ attitudes toward divorce were held responsible for the rise in

divorce rate.

A) liberal B) liberate C) literal D) literate

8.Y ou can claim a refund (退款) provided you keep the ______.

A) recipe B) receipt C) label D) cheque

9.The undoubted ______ of the opening ceremony was a grand display of fireworks.

A) height B) summit C) peak D) highlight

10.The babysitter handed the mother a piece of paper ______ that she was in good

health.

A) certifying B) justifying C) clarifying D) notifying

11. Businesses ______ in those few weeks; but soon an economic crisis crushed them.

A) thrived B) boomed C) prospered D) flourished

(Key:1-5 D C A B D 6-11 D A B D A B)

III. W orld Building

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word forms of the words given in the blankets.

1. The kid’s ______ appetite showed that he had not had a decent meal for days. (wolf)

2. For more professional advice about a healthy weight loss, please consult our ______. (diet)

3. These ______ CD cases are the best seller in this souvenir shop. (hamburger)

4. This ______-brown metal proves to be a good conductor of electricity. (red)

5. With the rise in casualties, another medical team including both ______ and nurses was sent to the earthquake-hit island. (physic)

6. In his latest book, the distinguished British ______ goes back to the 19th century to uncover the origins of such national extremism. (history)

7. By no means could you expect to fool your boss with such a ______ story. (baby)

8. ______ T-shirts and jeans are all the rage among youngsters this season. (big)

9. Hispanic Americans refer to U. S. citizens of ______ descent. (Spain)

10. In the ______ silence, a whisper may run like sirens. (death)

Key：

wolfish

dietician

hamburger-like

reddish

physicians

historian

babyish

Biggish

Spanish

Deathlike

IV. ECT (英译汉两句) (主观题)

Directions:Translate the English sentences into Chinese.

1.答案：真需要有一位律师来捍卫福利救济对象的权利，因为这一福利体制不

仅容易使福利提供者滥用权利，也很容易使福利救济对象滥用权利。1．There needs to be lawyer who can act as a champion for the rights of welfare clients, because the system so easily lends itself to abuse by the welfare givers as well as by the client.

2．答案：在这个繁忙喧嚣的世界，一层快速形成的遮蔽物遮住了我们的双眼，是他帮我揭开了它，见到了一个以前从未欣赏到的崭新世界。

2．He had helped me lift the veil that grows so quickly over our eyes in this busy world, to see a whole new realm I’d failed to appreciate before.

5. Guided Writing

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on Love and Care for the Handicapped according to the Chinese outline, and you must use at least 120 words.

Title: Love and Care for the Handicapped 关爱残疾人

1．残疾人作为社会的一个特殊群体需要更多的关爱和帮助。

2．关爱残疾人重在转变观念，即把他们视为独立、平等的个体，同时我们还应该致力于为残疾人创造一个更便利的生活环境。

3．残疾人也有自己的优势，所以在关爱残疾人的同时我们自己也将受益匪浅。

China has an estimated 83 million disabled people, accounting for about 6.3 percent of the country’s population. To ensure a better life for this special group of people, it calls for more love and care from the rest of the society.

However, nowadays some people still harbored some kind of prejudice against the handicapped. Therefore, a change in their attitudes is of top priority. Just as the sign language hostess from the China Disabled Art Performing Troupe, Jiang xintian, often “said”with her hands that “Life is full of ups and downs, and our life is not unlucky but just inconvenient.”, so the best way to show our love and care is to offer them the respect and dignity bestowed with every individual. Only when we treat them as equals would they enjoy the opportunity to become more independent members of this society and fulfill their dreams confidently. In addition, joined efforts should be devoted to creating a more convenient living environment for the handicapped. Among the many other things we can do for them is the construction and installation of barrier-free facilities, such as special lanes for the blind, low chassis (底架，底盘) barrier-free buses, or wheelchair ramps (坡道) in public places, which will not only greatly ease the lives of the handicapped but also benefit any ordinary individual such as a mother with a

baby stroller.

As the saying goes “When God closes a door, He opens a window.”, most physically-challenged people have their own strengths. Either the acute sense of hearing of a blind, or the expressive body language of a deaf and dumb may serve as a perfect example. What impressed us most deeply would be the optimism, courage and perseverance showed by those disabled athletes, and it is they who help us to gain new insights into the true meaning of life. Thus, while we are extending a helping hand to the physically-challenged, we are virtually learning even more from them, learning a more positive attitude towards life and learning to be a more complete human being.

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2、题目均为长句形式 其次，题目当中的表述通常是极其复杂和繁琐的名词短语或者长难句型，在试图寻找合适的定位词之前，考生往往就业已被题干错中复杂的表述搞得云里雾里了; 例如四级样卷第51题： The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process. 3、定位词模糊 即使考生能够排除万难，读懂题目陈述中晦涩难懂的意思，寻找定位词仍然存在很大的障碍，因为这类题目往往不会出现非常明显的可以实践拿来主义的明显定位词(数字、时间、地点、人物、特殊字体和特殊符号等等)，即使侥幸被我们碰到一个，这个定位词也通常和文章主题联系密切，且出现多次，所以并没有太大实用意义，例如上题中的U.S.; 4、两题对一段的可能性增加干扰性 最后，一般选择题至少是一对一进行对应的，如果能够成功选出一对，那么就至少可以排除一个选项。但是在段落细节信息对应题当中，四六级样卷明确提醒：You may choose a paragraph more than once. 一段可能被用两次。这样最有效的排除法在这里也就再无用武之地了。 所以，从上面四个特点不难看出，如果想从根本上解决这种题型，考试方的思路是希望考生能够从头到尾读完一遍文章，从宏观和微观两个方面全面掌握文章的结构和细节信息之后再进行解题的，但是这种思路对于阅读水平和单词量都有限

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⑦在问题中，如果没有人名、专有名词等具有两个或两个以上大写字母、斜体字母的名词时，我们将动作发出者、主人公、主要研究项目等句子中主要描写的对象，作为定位词。大的事变或大型的政策相关话题，那么这个事变应该作为我们要找的定位词。 ⑧题目中，无法确定两个以上大写字母的人名且没有明显的大事变可以作为定位词的时候。如果题目中有强烈的感情色彩的词语（difference、very、essential、vital important ）可以将它作为定位词。但确定定位的段落后，还要检查一下，题中这个你选择的感情色彩的词语的对象和段落中出现这个词语前后的对应的对象是否匹配一致。 ⑨英雄主义事件或者影响具有永久性、长远性的改变类的词语或相关表达，那么应该将它作为定位词。在剩余的选项中按照选项的顺序依次逐一排查（记住，出题人不会难为你，一定在最前面或很近的选项即可找到，切记要有耐心） ⑩选项中是否出现了过多的唯一剩下那道题目中没有表达的含义（尤其是人名、时间、数字、项目），排除并永远排除。看剩下那道题目能否找到对应的含义及感情色彩。一般第一步就已经排除了所有剩余的不符合标准的答案。 【找到定位词后的排除原则永远只有两个】： ①一旦题目中出现了新旧这类明显的强调词，那么匹配给他的段落选项就必须对这个强调予以明确对应。如果没有，一定是错误的！——不能选。 ②他过多表达的，我没有；我需要的，他没有！ 【特别注意】如果你找到的定位词出现在该段最后一处。要引起警惕，它可能不是答案。通过具体信息细节的匹配，进行谨慎的核查。 【无法定位的解决办法】 ①没有明显的专属名词可以定位的时候，选择短小精悍的名词更好找，但注意，找到之后，要注意匹配其他主要信息，尤其是描述对象是否一致。

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2020年大学英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练(2) Why I Became a Teacher： to Pass on My Love of Literature A) Like lots of people, I never thought I'd be a teacher when I was at school. To be honest l only did my training because my husband was on a four-year course and 1was on a three-year course at Cardiff University so I wanted to do something for one year. I thought doing a teaching qualification would be interesting and might be quite use full I'm convinced that nothing else I might have done would have given me so much pleasure and satisfaction, or fitted in so well with family life. B) When I retire, in just a few years time, I can look back on a career which made a positive difference to the lives of thousands of children. Few other career choices can be so rewarding, so if you have a love of your subject and want the opportunity to pass that on then teaching can be a great career. C) Anyone going into teaching now will be used to teaching to formal work schemes and observation. I think it has raised standards in the profession but personally I feel the loss in the classroom. I've got the confidence of 30 years experience. I've seen new approaches come and go (and sometime even identical "new ideas" come and go more than once). D) For me, it's the passion for your subject and interest in the success of your students that matters more than how all the acronyms (首字母缩略词) add up. This is what will make you a good teacher. There's still room for individuals

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四级段落信息匹配题最详尽解法说明 2013年8月14日，四六级官网确认自13年12月考次起，四六级试卷将使用“匹配型长篇阅读”代替快速阅读。这就是在托福及雅思阅读题目中经常出现的段落信息匹配题。 从样卷看，此次涉及改革题目的特点是： 1、做题时间10~15分钟（整体阅读包括选词填空、匹配和精度，共计40分钟）； 2、四级样卷显示需要将10道题目信息配对到9个段落中； 3、六级样卷显示需要将10道题目信息配对到15个段落中； 4、考试说明提到，某段可能被用到两次，而某段可能完全不被涉及。 5、这类题型的出题形式为：题干给出原文的若干条细节信息，要求考生找出文 中分别有这些信息的段落(即题目当中会问道：which paragraph contains the following information?)。 实际考试中，在时间和耐力的双重压迫下，无奈的考生们颇有“可能就在此段中，只因文深不知处”的感慨! 难点分析： 1、顺序原则被打破 段落细节信息配对题之所以让无数考生闻之色变，主要在于这种题目打破了解答雅思阅读题目传统的阅读技巧和解题思路。首先，作为匹配题代表，这种题型明显不会遵守其他主流题型的“顺序原则”，考生从文章开头到结尾定位的方法显然行不通; 2、题目均为长句形式 其次，题目当中的表述通常是极其复杂和繁琐的名词短语或者长难句型，在试图寻找合适的定位词之前，考生往往就业已被题干错中复杂的表述搞得云里雾里了; 例如四级样卷第51题：

The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process. 3、定位词模糊 即使考生能够排除万难，读懂题目陈述中晦涩难懂的意思，寻找定位词仍然存在很大的障碍，因为这类题目往往不会出现非常明显的可以实践拿来主义的明显定位词(数字、时间、地点、人物、特殊字体和特殊符号等等)，即使侥幸被我们碰到一个，这个定位词也通常和文章主题联系密切，且出现多次，所以并没有太大实用意义，例如上题中的U.S.; 4、两题对一段的可能性增加干扰性 最后，一般选择题至少是一对一进行对应的，如果能够成功选出一对，那么就至少可以排除一个选项。但是在段落细节信息对应题当中，四六级样卷明确提醒：You may choose a paragraph more than once. 一段可能被用两次。这样最有效的排除法在这里也就再无用武之地了。 所以，从上面四个特点不难看出，如果想从根本上解决这种题型，考试方的思路是希望考生能够从头到尾读完一遍文章，从宏观和微观两个方面全面掌握文章的结构和细节信息之后再进行解题的，但是这种思路对于阅读水平和单词量都有限的四六级考生来说有些难 针对四级样题，我们对四级考生提出以下做题建议： 段落信息匹配题的做题攻略 一、先看题再看文章 1、段落细节信息配对题的陈述虽然都是文章细节信息，但是表述基本都是围绕文章标题或者每一段落的主题进行描述的，通过快速阅读题干部分表述，可以迅速了解文章主旨大意。 如四级样卷中Q46~Q48 46 American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship.

英语四六级段落信息匹配题技巧

英语四六级段落信息匹配题 一、英语四六级段落信息匹配题是什么？ 原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。四级考试需要各位同学做的是，大家需要去看十个左右的段落，然后去匹配十个信息点。但是到六级当中，我们的难度就要增加了，我们见到的情况是六级当中变成了15个段落，去匹配十个信息点。但总体来看，不管题型怎么变，其实学习方法没变，还是仍旧需要大家提高阅读的能力，比如说读文章的时候，是不是直接拿英语读，如果读快速阅读的时候，还是拿中文边翻译边读的话，会发现阅读速度一直会比较慢，所以那么长的文章很难找到细节，所以大家一定要养成拿英语直接阅读的这样一种习惯，这样才能保证我们的阅读真正速度又快又准。 二、样题： Universities Branch Out A) As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability. B) In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity. C) Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad. D) Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships (实习) abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible. E) Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on th e genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconference seminars with scientists