2011年中考英语专项指导练习——填空题

中考英语综合填空题题型讲解与专项练习

一、中考英语综合填空题的必备基础

这种题型主要考查考生的整体阅读能力、语言知识的运用能力、逻辑思维能力和书面表达能力，特别是单词和短语的拼写能力。这种题型已于上个世纪八十年代末隐退，近年在某些省市的中考试题中悄然兴起。这类题型一般是给出一篇略低于初三课文的短文，从中挖去5至15词或词组，让考生在整体理解短文内容的基础上，根据上下文将所缺分补全。考生要想做好这类题，应打好以下基础：

（一）、熟悉命题形式

中考中共出现了四种题型：

（1）空缺处没有任何提示；

（2）空缺单词的第一个字母已经给出；

（3）要填的单词在短文前已给出供考生选择；

（4）空格处有中文提示。应对这类试题，同学们需具备以下几方面的基础。

（二）、具有一定的词汇量

同学们必须熟练掌握初中教材的所有单词和短语。没有扎实的词汇基础，就不能读懂短文大意，读不懂大意，怎么能根据上下文来确定所缺的是个什么单词呢？即使能判断出某些空格缺的是什么单词，也难以写出正确的拼写形式。所以同学们必须通过词不离句，句不离文，边读边写，嘴耳手脑多种器官协同活动等方式熟记单词。我们学习英语的最终目的是为了能够使用英语进行交际，其实学习英语的最好方法也是经常地运用英语。所以有人将其概括为“为用而学，学了就用，在用中学”。因此，你在学了一个新的单词或者词组后，就要通过自己的口说出来或通过自己的笔写出来，多运用几次就记牢固了。此外，还要掌握一些构词法知识和进行大量的课外阅读来扩大词汇量。千万不要以为教材中没有的就不去记，以为不考的就不去读，对一个人英语水平的高低的最终标准是还是取决于这个人的词汇量的大小。

（三）、掌握初中英语的基础语法

正确高效在解答好这类试题还需要扎实的语法基础知识。比如说通过句子成分的划分你可以判断出某空是该填名词还是该填动词；若是填名词，你还要会判断是填单数还是填复数，如果是复数你还要知道该名词是规则变化还是不规则变化，是规则变化的你还要懂得名词单数变复数的规则；若是缺谓语动词，你还需要知道该用哪种时态，时态判断正确后你还要懂得各种时态的构成形式，特别是一般现在时和一般过去时的变化规则。如此等等。因此，没有扎实的语法基础是不能很好地解答好此题的。

（四）、具有一定的阅读能力

在解答这类试题之前必须要迅速读懂短文，了解大意，较强的阅读能力是正确解答好这类试题的重要保证。所以我们要学会略读的方法，通过跳过空格快速浏览全文，特别是首、尾段和每段的首、尾句，寻找文章的主题

句，把握文章的主旨大意，是正确解答这类试题的一个重要环节。还要学会在阅读的过程中还要特别注意文意的启承转合，对比对照等，即需具备所谓的语篇语感基础。也还要学会在阅读过程中还要善于利用已读懂信息和已掌握的经验常识进行简单的逻辑推理。

二、中考英语综合填空题的答题技巧

做这类试题除了具备能正确拼写所学单词，具有一定的语法基础知识，掌握一定的阅读方法外，若具备一定的解题方法或技巧，做起题来往往会更加得心应手。下文介绍几点方法供同学们参考。

（一）、弄清文章大意

要跳过空格，浏览全文，理解文章的大意，特别要注意读懂文章的第一句，这一句通常不设空格，它对我们理解文章的主旨起着非常重要的作用。在理解文章的主旨大意之后才开始做题。

（二）、作好句法分析

通过句法分析弄清楚要填的词是在句中充当主语、谓语还是宾语等。如果是主语或宾语，要填的应当是名词或代词；如果是谓语，要填的就应是动词；如果是在名词前作定语或者在系动词后作表语，要填的应当是形容词；如像We ______busy. He ______fine.之类的句子，busy，fine都是形容词，也就是说句中还无动词，这一定是填系动词be，look等。如果是已经在文章前用方框给出了供选择的单词，通过这样的句法分析，就会将范围大大的缩小，可能就会只剩下一、两个单词了。

（三）、考虑词形变化

是名词或代词要考虑是该用单数还是用复数；是人称代词是用主格还是宾格；如果是动词就要考虑是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；是谓语动词是主动语态还是被动语态，还要考虑该用哪一种时态；是非谓语动词是用-ing形式，不定式还是用过去分词。等等。切不可一确定是填哪个单词后，就在不作任何考虑的情况下填上去，放了不该放的错。

（四）、注意固定搭配

根据空格前后之间的固定搭配关系来分析。如be good at，be interested in，make progress，at least，at most，at last，in this way，pay a visit to，take care of，a lot of，have a population of，get on well with，have a party，give sb sth，ask sb to do sth，be / get used to，spend…doing，so…that…等等。

（五）、运用基本常识

如台湾是中国最大的岛，道路、街道、河流等两边或两岸，等等。

（六）、利用上下语境

就是利用上下文的意思与结构来填空，这个上下文可能是空格所处的那个句本身的前部分和后部分，也可能是空格前后的那个或那几句子，还有可能前后段落或对整篇文章的理解。有时甚至还要结合常识进行简单的逻辑推理才能准确判断出该填哪个词。

（七）、抓住语篇标志

如but，although，first…then…finally等等。

（八）、别忘所给提示

一定要结合所给的首字母或者供选择的词汇来考虑。

以上几个方面必须综合起来考虑，才能迅速准确解答好这类大题。

三、中考英语综合填空题解题思路分析

（1）用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使短文正确、通顺。每词限填一次。

feel，give，turn，work，help，wait，thing，near，he，only，final，one

A woman was eating in a restaurant. She asked the waiter to do many （1）______ for her. Now she was （2）______ the waiter a lot of trouble. （3）______，she asked the waiter to turn on the air conditioner because she （4）______ too hot. Then she asked him （5）______ it off because she was too cold. This went on and on for （6）______ half an hour.

But the waiter was very kind and （7）______ He did everything the woman asked （8）______ to do without getting angry. （9）______，someone else in the restaurant asked why the （10）______ didn‘t just throw the woman out，“Oh，I don’t care.”the waiter said，smiling. “We don…t even have an air conditioner.”

「答案与解析」

本文讲述的是一个饭店里的服务员面对一个要求做这做那的顾客却不生气，且不乏幽默感的故事。

1. things.因为many后面一定是复数名词，方框内可以有复数形式且能与动词do（做）搭配的只things （事）最好，另外，由下段的第一句中He did everything中也可得到启发而填出答案。容易误选的是work，但它作“工作”解是不可数名词，没有复数形式。

2. giving.在方框中能接双宾语（sb+sth）的只有give，因为前面有was，所以要用其现在分词giving.

3. First.由后文的Then可知。First…Then…先……然后……。

4. felt.句中无谓语动词，所以应选动词；hot是形容词，不是定语就一定是在系动词后作表语。方框中能作系动词的有feel（感到）和turn（变成），主语是人，当然是“感到”热，另外，全文用的都是过去式，所以填feel的过去式felt.

5. to turn.上文hot时是turn on，这次cold当然就是to turn off了，又因为ask sb to do sth（叫某人做某事），所以填to turn off.

6. nearly.因为for half an hour意思已经完整了，只能填表示约数的nearly（差不多）了。

7. helpful.能与kind并列，且根据上下文的意思可知用helpful（乐于助人的）。

8. him.指乐于做事又不生气的当然是指那位服务员，在asked后作宾语，所以用he的宾格形式him.

9. Finally.有一个逗号可知应填副词。

10. waiter.因为是the waiter回答的，显然是问the waiter.

2）用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使短文正确、通顺。每词限填一次。

but，follow，cool，bad，first，sports，easy，walk，child，kind

What‘s the coolest of transportation （交通工具）for middle school students back from the winter holidays？

A racing bike？ A car？No，it’s a special （1）_______ of shoe called Heelys （暴走鞋）。Heelys look just like common （2）_______ shoes，but they have a wheel hidden in the heel （鞋跟）。So instead of （3）_______，kids can “fly”around in them. “Wearing Heelys is fun and （4）______，”said Wu Peng，a boy who wore them on his （5）______ day back at No，6 Middle School in Beijing. Wu Peng said he loves the shoes so much that he wears them wherever he goes. Sometimes he even （6）_______ his parents‘car to the supermarket on his Heelys！

Other students think these are very cool，（7）_______ some haven‘t been so lucky with their Heelys. It’s reported that some （8）_______ have fallen down while using these shoes，and some have been hurt.

“Heelys wheels are on the heels of the shoes，so it‘s （9）_______ to fall，”said Liu Rui，a doctor at the Hong Kong International Medical Clinic，Beijing. Even （10）______，Liu said，“Wearing Heelys for a long time could stop young people from developing their ankles （脚踝）and legs.”

「答案与解析」

本文讲述的是中学生对Heelys（暴走鞋）这种特别的运动鞋的不同看法及理由，以及医生的看法。

1. kind.无论从与a…of…的搭配来看还是从上下文的意思来看，都只有kind才适合。

2. sports.从空格前后的单词来看只有sports最好，“普通的运动鞋”。

3. walking.由后文的fly可知是不用walking（行走）了。

4. cool.从下文他love这种鞋子且无论到哪里都穿着去，可见他认为穿这种鞋是很酷（cool）。

5. first.与day搭配只有first最佳。

6. follow.句中无谓语，显然首先要挑选动词，又根据意思跟着他父母的车去市场，所以用follow（=go after）。

7. but.前后是转折关系。

8. children.能与句意相符且又能作主语的只有填的child复数children才行。

9. easy.从搭配来看，it‘s…to fall之间只能填形容词，从前后的语意来看应填easy最适合。

10. worse.从前后的语意来看是递进关系，所以用worse.even worse是“更糟糕的是”之意。

中考英语综合填空题题型讲解专项练习1-15

1、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使短文正确、通顺。每词限填一次。

on，friend，ask，and，have，until，but，cheap，invite，in，mother，beautiful，much，because，put

We are going to have a party in our house this evening. It is my （1）______ birthday，and she has （2）______ my uncles and aunts and some of her （3）______. Mother and I are （4）______ to cook most of the food for the party，and father is getting the drinks. The living-room looks very pretty. Balloons of all colours are hanging from the lights （5）______ we have taken the carpets away （6）______ we are going to dance there after dinner.

In the dining-room we have （7）______ out the best plates and glasses and tablecloths，and it all looks （8）______. We are going to have soup，fish，chicken，fruit and cheese. We are going to dance （9）______ midnight，and after that，we will have （10）______ food，because we will be hungry after all that dancing.

Last year my mother （11）______ her birthday party in a restaurant，（12）______ it is pleasanter and （13）______ at home.

When it is my birthday，I am going to invite my friends and have a party in the garden. I will hang pretty lights （14）______ the trees and we will grill our food in the garden and dance （15）______ the grass.

「答案与解析」

本文讲述的是即将为母亲的生日party作准备的事情，以及对去年母亲生日party的回顾和对本人生日的设想。

1. mother‘s.从与前后的单词的搭配来看应填“某人的”，在方框中只有friend’s和mother‘s两个；由下文的描述，特别是第三段的第一句，可知应填mother’s.

2. invited.因为要举行party，自然就会邀请亲朋好友。由前面的has可知要用现在完成时表示已经邀请了，所以用invite的过去分词invited.

3. friends.见上题。

4. asked.由are可知，用ask sb to do sth的被动式，所以用过去分词。

5. and.两句之间一定是选连词，两句之间是并列关系用and.

6. because.前后又都是句子，且为转折关系，所以用连词but.

7. put.首先应判断用动词，又从后面的the best plates and glasses等可知应是已经“摆放”出来，所以用put 的过去分词put.

8. beautiful.摆放的是最好的东西，房间看起来自然就是美的。

9. until.表示某种动用一直延续到某个时候用until.

10. more.由后文跳饿了，自然就会吃得更多。

11. had.与party搭配用have，因为是去年，所以用一般过去时had.

12. but.前后是转折关系用but.

13. cheaper.与形容词pleasanter并列的也一定是形容词，且为比较级，在方框中选出cheap和beautiful，根据常识应是cheaper.

14. in.表示在树上一般用介词in.注意表示在树上结的果子时又一般在on了。

15. on.跳舞当然是在草地上，所以用on.

2 、根据短文内容在空格处填入一个适当的单词，使短文的意思完整，需填单词的第一个字母已经给出。

It is well-known that man is much cleverer than any animal. But which is the cleverest a_______（1）the animals？Some scientists t_______（2）it should be Alex，an African grey parrot. He is unlike any other animal. He can really t_______（3）with people！

When he says “come here”，he really w_______（4）someone to come up to him.“

“Alex is as clever as a c_______（5）of 2 or 3 years old，”says Dr. Pepperberg. “He does not just repeat the s_______（6）he has been taught. He u_______（7）the words！”

Alex can tell about 50 d_______（8）things，name 7 colours and count from 1 to 6. Is the parrot actually thinking in the w_______ （9）how man does？Nobody can say. But the q_______ （10）is very interesting.

答案与解析

本文论述了非洲灰色鹦鹉被一些科学家认为是最聪明的动物。

1. among.表示最高级的比较范围，意为“在……中”，一般用of或among，等介词，此处已有首字母a，所以是among.

2. think.根据前面的提问有首字母t可知是think，表示“有的科学家认为最聪明的动物应当是Alex”。

3. talk.根据下文对他会讲会的描述和空格后的with，可知是talk with sb（同……谈话）。

4. wants.根据前面的come here及后文的句式搭配可知是want sb to do sth（想要某人做某事）。

5. child.根据后面的两叁岁可知是小孩。

6. sounds.由前文的talk和后文的words可知是重复教他讲话的声音。

7. understands.从后文的描述可知，他不但会重复教他的声音而且还明白其意思。

8. different.根据things是复数及首字母的提示可知是指不同的（different）事物。

9. way.根据句意“他的思维方式是否与的思维方式一样呢？”。搭配：in the way用这种方式。

10. question.上文“Is the parrot…？”提出的是一个问题。

3 、根据短文内容在空格处填入一个适当的单词，使短文的意思完整，需填单词的第一个字母已经给出。

It is well-known that man is much cleverer than any animal. But which is the cleverest a_______（1）the animals？

Some scientists t_______（2）it should be Alex，an African grey parrot. He is unlike any other animal. He can really t_______（3）with people！

When he says “come here”，he really w_______（4）someone to come up to him.“

“Alex is as clever as a c_______（5）of 2 or 3 years old，”says Dr. Pepperberg. “He does not just repeat the s_______（6）he has been taught. He u_______（7）the words！”

Alex can tell about 50 d_______（8）things，name 7 colours and count from 1 to 6. Is the parrot actually thinking in the w_______ （9）how man does？Nobody can say. But the q_______ （10）is very interesting.

答案与解析」

本文论述了非洲灰色鹦鹉被一些科学家认为是最聪明的动物。

1. among.表示最高级的比较范围，意为“在……中”，一般用of或among，等介词，此处已有首字母a，所以是among.

2. think.根据前面的提问有首字母t可知是think，表示“有的科学家认为最聪明的动物应当是Alex”。

3. talk.根据下文对他会讲会的描述和空格后的with，可知是talk with sb（同……谈话）。

4. wants.根据前面的come here及后文的句式搭配可知是want sb to do sth（想要某人做某事）。

5. child.根据后面的两叁岁可知是小孩。

6. sounds.由前文的talk和后文的words可知是重复教他讲话的声音。

7. understands.从后文的描述可知，他不但会重复教他的声音而且还明白其意思。

8. different.根据things是复数及首字母的提示可知是指不同的（different）事物。

9. way.根据句意“他的思维方式是否与的思维方式一样呢？”。搭配：in the way用这种方式。

10. question.上文“Is the parrot…？”提出的是一个问题。

4 、根据上下文和括号里的汉语提示，在下面的空白处写出正确的单词和短语，使短文意思完整。

Perhaps more than any other people，Americans have come to depend on their cars. The family car （1）______（一直是）a common thing （2）______ （从……以来）the early twentieth century，and it has changed American life. Many people have moved （3）______（外面）of the large cities to the suburbs. Some Americans spend （4）______（每天两小时）or more in their cars （5）______（去上班）and home again. Cars have become the （6）______（工具）of transportation for most Americans going shopping，and even going on vacations.

Americans （7）______（过去常常）like big cars，and gasoline used to be very inexpensive. Recently，（8）______（然而），the cost of gasoline has increased；smaller cars have become （9）______（更常见）。Also foreign cars have become very common. Americans have bought （10）______（大量的）Japanese and German cars. They have bought cars from several other countries as well.

「答案与解析」

美国多数人都拥有汽车，因此有“车轮上的民族”之称，本文就是讲美国人使用汽车的一些情况的。

1. has been.句中无动词，由“是”可知要用be；结合第2题可知要用be的现在完成时态。

2. since.它引出的时间状语常与现在完成时连用。

3. outside.修饰动词moved要用副词outside；另外，短语outside of是“……的外面”。

4. two hours a day.注意表示单位时间的词“每天（a day）”要放后面。又如：每小时十公里ten kilometers an hour.

5. going to work.注意与前面spend的句型搭配：spend…（in）doing sth 花多少时间或金钱做某事。

6. means.注意means（工具、方法、手段）这本单词本身就是以s结尾的，且单复数同形，若作主语要根据句意来确定是单数还是复数。

7. used to.表示过去常常用“used to +动词原形”。

8. however.注意however是副词，且后面常有逗号；但是but是连词其后无逗号。

9. more common.后面省略了than big cars，所以用比较级；common的比较级是在前面加more.

10. large numbers of.表示“大量的”还可用a large number of.

5、根据上下文和括号里的汉语提示，在下面的空白处写出正确的单词和短语，使短文意思完整。

Most of American businesses are open five days a week. American school children attend school five days a week as well.

American families usually have a （1）______（两天）weekend. The weekend is Saturday and Sunday. Over the weekend people spend their time （2）______（以许多不同的方式）。Many families enjoy weekends （3）______（一起）。They may go shopping，go for a drive or visit friends. They may also invite friends over and （4）______（聚会）at home. Many American families participate （参加）in sports during the weekend. （5）______（跑步），biking，playing volleyball and swimming （6）______ （流行）in summer. Skiing and skating are the （7）______ （最喜爱的）winter sports.

Weekends are also a time for American families to work on something in their yards or in （8）______（他们的）houses. Many families plant flowers and have vegetable gardens. Some families use the weekends （9）______（粉刷）or repair their houses. （10）______（对大部分美国人来说），weekends are very busy.

「答案与解析」

本文讲述美国人是如何过周末的情况。

1. two-day.“数词+名词”作定语，数词和名词之间通常用连词符号，名词要用单数。

2. in many different ways.表示“方式、方法”用way，表示“用、以”某种方式或方法用介词in.

3. together.表示“在一起”用副词together.

4. have a party.表示“聚会”用have a party或get together.

5. Running.注意一句话的第一个单词的第一个字母要大写。

6. are popular.因为popular（流行的）是形容词，不能作谓语，必须在前面加上动词be；又因为主语是复数且为一般现在时，所以be用are.

7. favourite.在冠词和名词之间用形容词favourite.

8. their.在名词前作定语要用形容词性物主代词。

9. to paint.表示“利用……做……”是use…to do…，所以在paint前要加上to.

10. For most Americans.表示在作者或者说话人看来“对某人来说”用for.

6、阅读下列短文，在每个空格处填入一个适当的英语单词，使短文在结构和意义上完整。

Students learn their lessons in class. They sit in the classroom _______（1）to the teacher. This is a way of learning. Is this the _______（2）way for students to learn？Of course not. There is another way to learn. That is students can teach themselves. For _______（3），if you cannot remember something when you are doing your homework，what will you do？You can look at your book to _______ （4）the answer.

How to teach yourself？The first thing you must do is reading. Read something you are _______（5）in，or you have to read. The second is that you must ask yourself questions. A clever student is usu-ally _______（6）at asking questions. The third is to answer the questions yourself by _______（7）hard，by reading books，and sometimes by asking _______（8）people. These are the ways of teaching yourself. If you keep doing _______（9）these for a long time，you are sure to have great _______ （10）in your study.

「答案与解析」

本文讲的是什么是自学和如何自己，以及自学的益处。

1. listening.从常识来看，学生坐在教室里当然是听老师讲课；从搭配上来看有一个to，这就提示我们想到listen to；又因为句中已有谓语动词sit，这个“听”的动作是伴随着sit这个动作同时发生的，所以要用其现在分词listening.

2. only.从后文的答语Of course not. There is another way to learn 可以推知问的是“这是学生学习的唯一方式吗？”

3. example.后文告诉我们是关于自学的一个例子，可见是For example（例如）。

4. find.前文说到“不记得了”，当然是看看书为的就是“找”答案了。

5. interested.从搭配和句意判断是说阅读你感兴趣的东西，be interested in（对……感兴趣）。

6. good.从搭配上看应是be good at（善于）。

7. working.要想自己找到问题的答案就得通过努力学习（work hard）。by是介词，意为“通过”，介词后一般只接名词、代词、动词的-ing形式，所以要在动词work后加上ing.

8. other.有时自己不能努力后仍不能回答的问题就会通过问别人来解决，所以用other（别的、另外的）。another是指“另一个”，后面一般接单数名词，而people作“人、人们”，本身就是复数了，所以不能用another.

9. like.句意是：如果你像这样长期坚持下下，你肯定就会在学习上取得巨大进步。介词like是“像……一样”之意。

10. progress.表示在某方面取得进步是make progress in.

7、阅读下列短文，在每个空格处填入一个适当的英语单词，使短文在结构和意义上完整。

Every day we go to _______（1）and listen to the teacher，and the teacher will ask you some _______（2）。Sometimes the classmates will ask you about the work of the class. When you are telling _______（3）in the class what you have found out about these subjects，remember that they will be _______（4）to hear what you are saying. You are not _______（5）part in a family conversation or having a _______（6）with friends. You are in class. There a large group of people will keep _______（7），waiting to hear what you have to _______（8）。You must speak loudly and clearly _______（9）but without trying to shout so that they can _______ （10）you.

「答案与解析」

本文告诉我们：如果你回答老师或者同学的问题时，你要使他们都能够听得到你所说的话。

1. school.从后文“听老师上课”可知前文是“上学（go to school）”。

2. questions.与搭配ask当然是questions.注意要用question的复数。

3. others.同学问你，你当然是告诉班上的其他同学。由Classmates可知同学不止一个，所以others（别人）要用复数。

4. able.从后文可知是指你回答问题时要大声点让同学们能够听到你在说什么。be able to能够。

5. taking.从搭配看是考查固定短语take part in（参加），要注意的是前面有are，动词take要用现在分词，共同构成现在进行时态。

6. talk.固定短语：have a talk with sb与某人谈话。

7. quiet.由后文等着听你说，他们当然就要“沉默”。词组：keep quiet保持沉默、不讲话。

8. say.听到你所说的话。引导宾语从句的what作say的宾语。

9. enough.从后文“但不是喊”可知是要求说得足够大足够清楚。副词enough（足够地）要放在所修饰的形容词或副词之后，此处放在副词loudly and clearly后。

10. hear.说足够大声和足够清楚其目的就是为了让同学们能够听到你。

8、阅读下列短文，在每个空格处填入一个适当的英语单词，使短文在结构和意义上完整。

School education is very important and useful. Yet no one can _______（1）everything at school and a teacher cannot teach his _______（2）everything they want to know. His _______（3）is to show his students _______（4）to learn. He teaches them how to read _______（5）how to think. So much more is to be learned outside school by the students _______（6）。

It is always more _______（7）to know how to study _______（8）oneself. It is quite _______（9）to learn something，but it is difficult to use it to solve problems. Great inventors do not get everything _______（10）school，but they still can ______（11）many things and change the world a lot.

How can the inventors do all of this？_______（12）of the answers is：they_______（13）how to study.

A lot of things are not _______（14）in the classroom. They got a lot _______（14）knowledge by reading outside school. They work hard and never give up all their lives.

「答案与解析」

1. learn / study.由后文的at school可知是“学习”。

2. students / pupils.老师教当然是教他的学生。

3. work / job.结合全句的意思可知：老师的工作就是教会学生如何学习。

4. how.见上题。

5. and.前后的how to read与how to think显然是并列关系，所以用and.

6. themselves.句意：还有更多的知识要靠学生自己在出校门后自学。

7. important / necessary 句意：知道如何自学往往更重要或更必要。词组：teach by oneself自学。

8. by.见上题。

9. easy.因but表示前后是转折关系，后文是difficult，前文应当就是easy.

10. at / in / from.句意：发明家们并没有在学校或从学校学到了一切。

11. invent / do / make 由前面的inventors和后文的“改变世界”可知，他们发明了许多东西。

12. One.从后文的答语和谓语动词is可知，是其中的一个答案。one of“……中的一个”。

13. know.第7空后有明显的提示：know how to study.

14. taught / learnt / learned.由in the classroom可知是老师“教给”或自己“学到”，注意是被动语态，要用过去分词。

15. of.固定搭配：a lot of许多。

9、根据上下文和括号里的汉语提示，在下面的空白处写出正确的单词和短语，使短文意思完整。

When you laugh，you will （1）______（张开）your mouth and your teeth. The healthier those teeth are，the happier you look. Why is that？

It‘s （2）______（因为）your teeth are important in many ways. If you take care of them，they’ll help to take care of you. Strong，healthy teeth help you eat the right food to help you grow. They also help you speak clearly.

You can take care of your teeth by doing like these：

Brush your teeth （3）______（一日两次）after breakfast and before bedtime. If you can，brush （4）______（午饭后）or after eating sweet cakes.

Brush all of your teeth，not just the front ones. Spend some time on the teeth along the sides and in the back.

Take your time while brushing. Spend （5）______（至少）3 minutes each time you brush.

Be sure your toothbrush is soft（柔软的）。Ask your parent to help you get a new toothbrush （6）______（每三个月）。

Learn how to floss（用牙线清理）your teeth，which is a very important way to keep them healthy. It feels strange when you do it at first，but soon you‘ll （7）______（习惯于）doing it. The floss gets rid of food that’s hidden between your teeth.

Brushing and flossing （8）______（保持）your teeth healthy. You also need to care about what you eat and drink. Eat （9）______（许多）fruits and vegetables and drink water （10）______ （代替）drinks.

「答案与解析」

1. open.张开嘴的“张开”应用open.在助动词will后直接用动词原形。

2. because.要回答前面why提出的问题，应用because.

3. twice a day.英语中的习惯说法。又如：一月叁次three times a month.

4. after lunch.表达方式由前文中的after breakfast可知。注意不是特指的一日三餐前不用冠词。

5. at last.这是个固定短语，与at most相对。

6. every three months.注意months要用复数。请注意every作“每、每隔”的用法：every three days（每三天）；every third day（每逢第三天）；every few days（每隔几天）。

7. be / get used to.习惯用语，其中to是介词，后接名词或动名词。

8. keep “keep sb / sth +形容词”是一个常见句型。

9. lots of / a lot of / many.它们都可以接复数可数名词。

10. instead of.短语介词，后面要接名词或动名词。

10、根据上下文和括号里的汉语提示，在下面的空白处写出正确的单词和短语，使短文意思完整。

In American high school （1）______（大多数）students take English，science，math and history.

（2）______（在英语课堂上），the students study grammar and read famous literature. In science class，they study biology，chemistry or physics. History is （3）______（更有趣）to some students because they learn about

important events and places （4）______（在美国）。Students take （5）______（其他）courses，too. These are electives. Some study （6）______（音乐）because they feel it is more enjoyable. Some study （7）______（计算机科学）because they （8）______（认为）it is more practical.

（9）______（在各自课堂上），teachers give students exams. Some exams are more difficult than others，but a good student can always do （10）______ （好）。

「答案与解析」

本文讲述的是美国中学生开设的课程情况。

1. most.直接在名词前作定语用表示“大多数（的）”。若是后面的名词前有the，my等，或者是宾语人称代词，用most of表示部分与整体的关系，如most of the students （them）这些学生（他们）当中的大多数人。

2. In English class.注意表示在课堂学习用介词in.

3. more interesting.指历史课比科学课更有趣，用比较级；多音节形容词interesting的比较级是在其前面加more.

4. in the United States.注意States要用复数。

5. other.不是特指的复数名词前作定语，表示“其他的”用单个的other.

6. music.注意学科名词前一般不用冠词。

7. computer science.注意学科名词前一般不用冠词。

8. think.一般现在时的谓语动词用原形。

9. In each class.表示在课堂学习用介词in.

10. well.修饰动词（do）用副词（well）。另外well指身体好时可以用作形容词，除些之外，作定语或表语的“好”要用形容词good.

11、根据上下文和括号里的汉语提示，在下面的空白处写出正确的单词和短语，使短文意思完整。

Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk，laugh，and do things with. Surely，there are times when we need to be alone. We don‘t always want people （1）______（周围）。But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend.

No two people are just the same. Sometimes friends don‘t （2）______（相处得好）。That doesn’t mean that they no longer like （3）______（互相）。Most of the time they will make up and （4）_______（继续）being friends.

Sometimes friends move away. Then we feel very sad. We （5）______（想念）them very much. But we call

them and write to them. It could be that we would even see them again. And we can （6）_______（结交新朋友）。It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them.

Families sometimes name their children after a close friend. （7）_______ （许多地方）are named after men and women who have been friendly to people in a town. Some libraries are named this way. So are some schools. We （8）______ （想起）these people when we go to these places.

There‘s more good news for people who have friends. They live （9）______（长一些）than people who don’t. Why？It could be that they are happier. Being happy helps you stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares. If someone cares about you，you take better care of （10）______（你自己）。

「答案与解析」

本文讲述的是我们每个人都需要朋友，尽管有时意见不一致，甚至不那么融洽。

1. around.表示“在周围”用副词around或round.

2. get along well.表示“相处融洽”用get along well或get on well.若表示与某人相处隔洽，后面接with sb.

3. each other.表示“相互”用代词each other.

4. go on.表示“继续”用短语动go on（=continue），因为是与make up并列，都在助动词will后，所以go要用原形。

5. miss.前后都是一般现在时，所以就用动词miss的原形。

6. make new friends.在情态动词后要用动词原形，所以表示“交新朋友”就用make new friends.注意friends 用复数。

7. Many places.注意一句话的第一个单词的第一个字母要大写。

8. think of.表示“想起、想到”某人或某事物用think of.

9. longer.在than的前面毫无疑问要用比较级。

10. yourself.因为you的反身代词是yourself.

12、在短文的空格内填入适当的词。使其内容通顺，首字母已给。每空格限填一词。

Bedtime stories are one of the delights（喜悦）of early childhood. But a________（1）to Dr. Julie Spreadbury from Queensland，parents s________（2）not speed up reading to their children after they entered primary school. She says listening to，reading and d________（3）the stories help

children's relaxation.

My theory （理论）is that when children can read t________（4），most parents stop reading to them，Dr. Spreadbury says.

That may be at the end of the Year 1，which is far too informal （非正式）。

Dr. Spreadbury says bedtime reading n________（5）only gives children a good b________（6）at school，but also brings parents and their children closer. This makes it funnier for them to open up and talk to parents about things that are worrying them，o________（7）things they are reading in their everyday life.

答案与解析：

1.according. 依上下文和句式结构，应用介词，according to 意指“根据——”。

2.should. 所缺单词后有谓语动词，填入助动词或情态动词合适，should这里是情态动词，意思是“应该”。

3.discussing. 空白处应填与前面reading并列的单词。

4.themselves. 本题有一定的难度。Read后必须接以“t”打头的宾语，能够想到用反身代词的恐怕不多。

5.not. 后面有but also，前面与之相对的应该是“noy only”。

6.beginning. good后需填名词，依语意用beginning比较恰当。

7.or. 后面的句式结构与前面相同，填or，意思是“或者”。

13、先阅读短文，在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。

British Milkman Steve Leech saved some shops and flats（公寓）with milk and won a National Bravery Awaid.

Leech，35 years old，said that when he was sending out milk as u____（1）along Pine Street，he s____（2）heard a loud，strange sound behind him and then he saw smoke coming out of a shop in Cornwall，southern England. "That must be a fire，I t____（3），" Leech said."Then I quickly d____（4）to do something. So I p____（5）the door in and then I s____（6）for the people inside. Then I started pouring milk e______（7）。"He used 320 pints of milk to stop the fire. When fire-fighters r____（8）the shop，the fire was under control.

Leech helped save the 1____ （9）of eight people in the flats above the shops. "It was hard work o____（10）all those bottles. But it was even harder trying to tell my boss where all the milk had gone，" Leech said jokingly.

答案与解析：

1. usual.as usual 意思是“像往常一样”。

2. suddenly.空后是“动宾”结构，此处应用副词，suddenly指事情的突然。

3. thought.前面的must be 表示“推测”，所以用“thought”比较合理。

4. decided.依据前面的“thought”和后面的一系列动作。decide to do sth. 用于表示“决定做某事”。

5. pushed.后面是“door”，又要填一个以“p”打头的词，push the door（推门）搭配合理。

6. shouted.里面着了火，进门后“shout”更合情理。

7. everywhere.前面句子主、谓、宾具全，结合后面的“used 320 pints of milk to stop the fire”，显然是用

奶灭的火。用“everywhere”表明“到处都是奶”。

8. reached.结合文意和语法结构，动词后是名词，显然要用一个以“r”打头的及物动词。

9. lives.the lives of eight people意指“八条人命”。

10. opening.结合上下文，倒奶救火、救人。倒奶容易，但“开那么多奶瓶”确是不易。注意，这里的opening是动名词，作句子的真正主语。

14、根据上下文和括号里的汉语提示，在下面短文的空白处写出正确的单词或词组。使短文意思完整，语句连贯。

Most of us 1_______（忙于）talking about and using the Internet every day，but how many of us know the 2______（历史）of the Internet？Many people are 3_______（感到惊奇）when they find that the Internet was set up in the 1960s. 4_______ （那时），computers were large and 5_______（贵的）。Computer networks didn't work 6______ （好）.If there was 7_______（出故障）with one computer in the netr work，the whole network stopped，so a new network system had to be set up. It should be good enough to be used by many 8______（不同的）kinds of computers. If 9______（任何部分）of the network was not working，information could be sent through another part. 10______（用这种方法）computer network system would keep on working all the time……

答案分析

1. are busy. "忙于做某事"一般用"be busy doing sth."，"be"动词必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致。

2. history. 直译即可。

3. surprised. "感到惊奇"一般用"be surprised"形式。

4. At the time. 直译即可。

5. expensive/dear. 直译即可。

6. well. 修饰动词"work"要用副词的"好".

7. something wrong. 根据句式，我们看出这是一个"there be"句型，后面又有"with"，应该能想到"There is something wrong with……"句型。

8. different. 直译，用形容词形式。

9. any part. 直译，注意"part"用单数形式。

10. In this way. 直接翻译即可。

15、根据对话内容，在每小题的空白处写出一个完整的句子，使对话意思完整、通顺。

Ann：________1________，tea or orange juice？

Chen：Tea，please.

Ann：With sugar and milk？

Chen：Oh，no！I like Chinese tea without anything in it.

Ann：OK. ________2________

Chen：Thanks.

Mum：Dinner is ready now！

Ann：Come and take a seat，Chen Hui.

Chen：________3________

Ann：Today we are going to have something to eat.

Chen：Really？________4________

Ann：It‘s my favourite，fish and chips.

Chen：Oh，good！But where are the paper bags？

Ann：Ha ha. This is not take-away food. This is home cooking！

Chen：Mmm，________5________

Ann：But I think it‘s much better in a paper bag than in the open air！

Mum：Not today，dear. Next time！

Chen：The food is really delicious，Mum.

Mum：I‘m happy you enjoy it，Chen Hui. Do you want some apple pies？

Chen：________6________ I‘m full.

「答案与解析」

1. What would you like. 根据tea和orange juice 是选择关系，就能推测出Ann 问Chen 是想喝茶还是橙汁。表达这个意思时，英语中最常用、最有礼貌的表达方式是What would you like.

2. Here you are.根据Thanks就知道Chen得到了他要喝的茶，是Ann给他的。

3. Thank you very much.Ann让陈“过来坐会”，陈当然是说“谢谢”。

4. What is it.根据答语It‘s my favourite，fish and chips（我最爱吃的炸鱼），就知道问的是“什么好吃的”。

5. it must be more delicious.根据home cooking 就能推测出“比外卖的更好吃”。

6. No，thank you.根据I‘m full 就知道“不吃苹果派了”。

初三中考英语首字母填空专项练习(含答案)

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