你需要掌握的动词并不多

你需要掌握的动词并不多

从数量上讲，英语中的动词仅次于名词列第二位，但事实上口语中经常用到的动词所占的比例并不多，主要有两方面的原因：一是一些表达具体行为的动词的词义延伸非常普遍，既有核心词义向具体词义的延伸，也有核心词义向抽象词义的延伸，一些高频动词的词义可达几十个甚至上百个；而是动词与小品词形成的短语单词非常多，有些小品词可与六百多个动词组成短语单词，由于这些词及其形成的短语动词可以代替许多比较正式的动词，因此在口语中经常使用的动词数量就要远远少于动词总的数量。所以，从这个角度来讲，我们最需要掌握的应该是那些词义较多的行为动词以及可与动词搭配形成短语动词的小品词的词义及用法。

如果要从便于学习者掌握的角度对动词进行分类的话，除去can、may等大家早就学过的能源动词外，大致可以分为以下几种：

1、以be为代表的系动词。这在前面的节目中已从思维的角度进行过详细解释，除了be之外，动词中可以兼做系动词的还有stand、stay、taste、sound等，后面可以直接接形容词。

2、表示所有关系的have、give、get。这在前面的节目中也有过专门讲解。

3、多义行为动词。是指那些既有具体词义，也有通过隐喻延伸除了的抽象词义的动词，下面的节目会有详细说明。

4、专用动词。是指那些词义较少且用法较为单一的行为动词或抽象动词，如study、ask、sing、announce、educate、research等，这类动词占据了相当数量。

就以上四类动词而言，最后一类动词的词义较少，用法变化也不多，且有相当数量的抽象动词在汉语中都有对应的词汇，所以比较容易为中国学生所掌握。因此，前三类动词就成为我们学习的重点。

（一）“意象”和“隐喻”是行为动词中最常用的两种词义延伸方法

像具体名词中所体现出的英语思维一样，动词中词义较多的行为动词同样集中体现了英语的思维模式。主要有以下两种。

1、意象。与某些具体名词的用法一样，英语中有许多行为动词也是按照其内含的意象进行词义扩展的，这样的动词与其对应的汉语词汇相比词义更丰富。如carry这个词，其基本词义是“拿、带”等，我们一般也会按这样的意思来理解或使用这个词，但事实上这个词在《朗文高阶词典》上的词义却有30多个，而所有这些词义都可以统一在一个意象之下，那就是“一事物以另一事物为载体，并与载体一起移动或保持稳定”。在这个意象之下，我们就能理解为什么下面的句子也可以用carry 这个词来表达。

(1) These two columns carry the whole roof. 这两根柱子支撑着整个屋顶。

(2) The veins carry blood to the heart. 静脉把血液输送到心脏。

(3) A road bridge has to carry a lot of traffic. 公路桥必须承载很多来往车辆。

(4) Cigarettes must carry a health warning. 香烟必须标注有害健康的警告。

(5) She was carrying twins. 她怀上了双胞胎。

以上例句中没有一个在汉语中表达为“拿、带、提、扛、搬”这个原始词义，但因符合这个词所内含的意象，所以一样都可以用carry这个词来表述。类似的动词还有以下几个。

Push

原义为“推”，内含的意思为“对事物施加影响或力量，以使其按自己的意思发展”。

(1) She pushed her face towards him. 她把脸凑近了他。

(2) I went into the elevator and pushed thebutton for the top floor. 我走进电梯，按下顶层楼的按钮。

(3) I had to push my way to the front of thebus. 我不得不交到公交车的前面去。

Pull

原义为“拉”，内含的意思为“对事物施加力量，使其脱离原来的位置或拜托原来的状态”。

(1) Pull the plug out. 把插头拔掉。

(2) She pulled off her boots. 她脱下了靴子。

(3) He pulled on his sweater. 他套上了毛衣。

(4) He tried to kiss her but she pulled away. 他想吻她，但她却扭开了身子。

(5) They pulled towards the shore. 他们向岸边划去。

Close

原义为“关”，内含的意思为“使分开的事物聚拢以保持事物的整体一致或不再有物质出入”。

(1) The cut should close up within few days.

(2) The baby’s tiny hand closed over Ken’sfinger. 婴儿的销售握住了Ken的手指头。

(3) The water closed over his head.水没过他的头顶。

(4) Traffic was heaver and cars were closing upbehind each other.交通拥堵不堪，汽车一辆紧挨着一辆前行。

Drive

原义为“驾驶”，内含的意思为“为某物提供强劲动力使其移动或前进”。

(1) Drive the nail into the wall at a downwardangle.把钉子斜向下钉入墙中。

(2) He drove the ball into right field.他猛地把球击至右场。

(3) Huge waves drove the yacht onto the rocks.巨浪将快艇冲到岩石上。

(4) Drive sheep into a field.把羊群赶到地里。

Fix

原义为“修理”，内含的意思为“使某物固定下来不再变动”。

(1) Let me fix my hair first and then we cango.我先把发型做一下，然后我们就可以走了。

(2) Fix a post in the ground.把柱子固定在地上。

(3) He fixed her with an angry stare.他生气地盯着她。

Grow

原义为“成长”，内含的意思为“逐渐地发生变化（变大、变强、提高等）”。

(1) Are you growing a beard?你在留胡子吗？

(2) The skies grew dark and it began to rain.天渐渐黑了，又下起雨来。

(3) Of course he eats a lot. He’s a gro wingboy!他当然吃得多，他正长身体呢！

Meet

原义为“碰面”，内含的意思为“两个事物同时出现并接触或融合”。

(1) There’s a stop sigh where the two roadsmeet.在两条道路相交的地方有一个停车标志。

(2) Their eyes met across the crowded room.他们的目光越过拥挤的房间相遇了。

(3) Their hands met under the table.他们的手在桌子下面碰了一下。

Pass

原义为“通过”，内含的意思为“一物经过另一物”。

(1) He frowned and passed a hand through hishair.他皱了皱眉，把手插进自己的头发里。

(2) He passed the rope around the post threetimes to secure it.他把绳索在柱子上绕了三匝缠紧。

(3) Why do they keep passing back to thegoalie?他们为什么总是把球回传给守门员？

(4) They waited for the storm to pass.他们在等风暴过去。

(5) If you’re passing blood you ought to see adoctor.如果便中带血，你就应该找大夫看看。

其他内含意思的动词还有：Clean,cover, cut, develop, draw, drop, fall, fit, fly, hang, hit, hold, keep, lay,make, miss, open, pick, ride, roll, run, save, start, stick, throw, t urn…

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高中阶段最为活跃的同源动词短语 独自一人在黑暗中走，那个男孩吹口哨给自己打气。

二、同源介词、副词动词短语 不同的动词可以和同一介词或副词构成短语来表达不同的含义，高考非常重视对这样的短语进行考查，考查的重点是以热点介词和副词为来源的动词短语。 我很高兴你亲自来这里处理这个问题。 三、词形相似的动词短语 一些动词短语词形相像，让人眼花缭乱，难以区分。高考试题经常对此设题考查考生的鉴别能力。解题时应仔细辨认，不能急于求成。

多词动词短语多由三个单词构成，因词数多、构词巧而备受高考命题者的重视。常见的多词动词短语有： 1．词形相近的动词之间辨义。如lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, arise, raise; sit, seat等。 (1)rise, arise 和raise rise 升起，是不及物动词，其过去式是rose, 过去分词是risen; arise (问题等)出现，是不及物动词，其过去式与过去分词是arose, arisen; raise举起，是及物动词，是规则动词。 (2)sit与seat

sit表示“坐”这一动作；seat表示“就座”时要用be seated 或seat oneself。 2．意义相近的动词之间辨义。如borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。 3．动词与其他词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如：advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。 4．意义不同，但容易混淆的动词的意义。如：explain, say; discover, invent, uncover等。

初中英语常见动词短语归纳

初中英语常见动词短语归纳 A)动词+ 介词 agree with同意......的意见(想法);符合 base on以......(为)根据 listen to听...... get to到达...... fall off (从......)掉下 help ... with ...帮助(某人)做(某事) knock at /on敲(门、窗) laugh at嘲笑 learn ... from ...向......学习 live on继续存在;靠......生活 look after照顾,照看 look at看;观看 look for寻找 look like看起来像 pay for (sth.)付钱;支付 point at指示;指向 point to指向...... prefer to ...宁愿(选择);更喜欢

quarrel with (和某人)吵架 regard ... as ...把......当作......;当作 stop ... from阻止......做...... talk about说话;谈话;谈论 talk with与......交谈 think about考虑 think of认为;想起 B)动词+ 副词 ask for请求;询问 carry on坚持下去;继续下去 cut down砍倒 clean up清除;收拾干净 come down下来;落 come along来;随同 come in进来 come on来吧;跟着来;赶快 come out出来;出现;(花)开;发(芽) come over过来;顺便来访 drop off放下(某物);下车 eat up吃光;吃完 fall behind落在......后面;输给别人 fall down跌倒;从......落下

高中英语动词短语考点整理(高考必备)

重点中学高考资源整理 高中英语（全册）动词短语考点汇总 全册A-Z顺序整理，附例句

（1）act短语： act as 担任……职务，起……作用act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处 理某事） act out 表演（对话、故事等）act up 捣乱，出毛病 例如： I acted as an interpreter while I was in Xiamen. Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case. (布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。) The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus. He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot. （2）break短语： break away 摆脱，脱离break away from …脱离……，奋力挣脱…… break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解 break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入 break into …闯入……，破门而入 break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止 break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发 break out in tears 突然大哭break the rule 违反规定 break through 突围，冲跨break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开 例如: The thief broke away from the police, but was later caught. If you keep on working like that, you’ll break down sooner or later. The car broke down just on my way here. If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off. If anyone tries to break into the building, the alarm will go off. She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup. I broke off the conversation and answered the phone. Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out? It may take a long time to break through the problem. In spring the icebergs begin to break up. （3）bring短语： bring about 引起，导致，使发生bring along把……带来，领来 bring back 拿回来，使恢复bring sb back 送回某人 bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒 （比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒） bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下 bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价[比较：(the price ) go down / up 价格 下降/上涨] bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收 bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进 bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出 bring to 使苏醒 bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用 bring / carry sth to / into effect实施……（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始

高考英语常用动词短语

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初中英语常见动词短语归纳

初中英语常见动词短语归纳A)动词+ 介词 agree with同意......的意见(想法);符合 base on以......(为)根据 listen to听...... get to到达...... fall off (从......)掉下 help ... with ...帮助(某人)做(某事) knock at /on敲(门、窗) laugh at嘲笑 learn ... from ...向......学习 live on继续存在;靠......生活

look after照顾,照看 look at看;观看 look for寻找 look like看起来像 pay for (sth.)付钱;支付 point at指示;指向 point to指向...... prefer to ...宁愿(选择);更喜欢 quarrel with (和某人)吵架 regard ... as ...把......当作......;当作 stop ... from阻止......做...... talk about说话;谈话;谈论

talk with与......交谈 think about考虑 think of认为;想起 B)动词+ 副词 ask for请求;询问 carry on坚持下去;继续下去 cut down砍倒 clean up清除;收拾干净 come down下来;落 come along来;随同 come in进来 come on来吧;跟着来;赶快

come out出来;出现;(花)开;发(芽) come over过来;顺便来访 drop off放下(某物);下车 eat up吃光;吃完 fall behind落在......后面;输给别人 fall down跌倒;从......落下 find out查出(真相) get back回来;取回 get down下来;落下;把......取下来 get off下来;从......下来 get on上(车) get up起床

(word完整版)高中英语动词及动词词组短语练习题

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四级动词短语

1、(be) about to 刚要，即将 2、(be) absorbed to 专心于 3、account for 说明(原因等) 4、(be) accused of 控告，谴责 5、acquaint with 熟悉，熟知 6、adapt to (使)适应，适合；改编，改写 7、add to 增添，增加；补充说 8、add up to 合计达，总计 9、adhere to 附着，粘着 10、adjust to (使)适应于，把...调节到 11、agree to (+物)同意，赞成 12、agree with (+人)同意，赞成 13、aim at 瞄准，对准；旨在 14、allow for 考虑到 15、amount to 合计，共计，等于 16、answer for 对...负有责任 17、aplolgize to sb.for sth.为...而向...道歉 18、appeal to 诉诸，求助 19、apply for 申请，请求 20、approve of 赞成，同意；批准，核准 21、arise from 由...引起，由...产生 22、arrive at 到达(小地方)；达成，得出 23、arrive in 到达(大地方) 24、ask after 探问，问候 25、ask for 询问，要求 26、assign to 指派，选派 27、associate with 使联系，使联合；交往 28、attach to 系上，贴上；使附属，使依恋 29、attempt at 企图，努力 30、attend to 照顾，护理；专心于 31、attribute to 把...归因于，归咎于 32、back up 支持，援助；后退 33、bear/keep in mind 记住 34、begin with 从...开始 35、believe in 相信，信任 36、belong to (在所有权关系等方面)属于 37、benefit from 受益，获益 38、blame for/on 责备；因...而受到责备 39、boast of/about 自夸，夸耀，吹牛 40、build up 积累，堵塞；树立 41、burn out 烧光，烧毁；烧起来 42、burst out + n. 爆发，突然发作 43、burst out + V-ing 爆发，突然发作 44、care for 照顾，照料；喜欢；宠爱

高考英语常用的动词词组.doc

2017高考英语常用的动词词组 2017高考英语常用的动词词组：turn (1) He was poor but proud and turned down every offer of help. 拒绝接受 (2) The campers usually turned in as soon as it got dark. 上床睡觉 (3) The teachers have to turn in the reports at the end of the school year. 上交 (4) The examination turned out(to be)easy. 结果是，最后情况是 (5) Bob turns over most of the money he earns to his mother. 移交，交给 (6) The car struck the wall and turned over. 撞翻，翻倒 (7) He turned over in bed. 翻身，翻转 (8) Please turn over this page. 翻过 (9) The missing boy turned up 出现 (10) If you have some questions，you can turn to your teachers for help.

求助于 (11) Mozart s music always turns me on/off. 使感兴趣/使不感兴趣 (12) She turned away in horror at the sight of so much blood. 转身不看 (13) Because the hall was full，many people were turned a way. 撵走 (14) turn a blind eye to/on 视而不见 (15) turn a deaf ear to 充耳不闻 (16) turn about 向后转 (17) turn against 反对，背叛 (18) turn back 返回，折回，使往回走 (19) by turns 轮流 (20) in turn 一个挨一个地又(对别人)做同样的事 (21) take turns 轮流(做某事) 2017高考英语常用的动词词组：do

常用英语动词短语

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