全新版大学英语综合教程4课后习题集答案解析

全新版大学英语综合教程4【第二版】习题答案

主编：李荫华

上海外语教育出版社

Unit 1

Part II Text A

lexf Organization

Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas

Part One Paras 1-2 Introduction — Both Napoleon's and Hitler's

military campaigns failed because of the

severity of the Russian winter.

Part Two Paras 3-11 Napoleon's military campaign against Russia Part Three Paras 12-20 Hitler's military campaign against the Soviet Union

Part Four Para 21 Conclusion—the elements of nature must be

rekoned with in any military campaign.

2.

Sections Paragraphs Main Ideas

Section One Paras 12-13 Hitler's blitzkrieg against Russia and Stalin's

scorched earth policy

Section Two Paras 14-18 the battles fought at Leningrad, Moscow and

Stalingrad Section Three Paras 19-20 the

Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of

the war

Vocabulary

I. 1. 1) alliance 2) at the cost of

3) stroke 4) limp

5) minus 6) regions

7) declarations 8) siege

9) raw 10) bide his time

11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of

2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down

3) is pressing on / pressed on 4) drag on

5) get by 6) dine out

7) have cut back 8) get through

3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of

cancer in the near future.

2)Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the

delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers’ strike

3)Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should

never get in the way of her career.

4) Obviously the reporter's question caught the foreign minister off

guard.

5)The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the

slide rule out of date /obso lete.

4.1) Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had

to give up the occupation of big cities and retreat to the rural

and mountainous regions to build up our bases.

2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Failure

to reckon with this problem will weaken its strength. In many

cases,work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle

in an organization.

3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the

decisive victory against the Germans. In fact, this battle turned the

tide in the Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series of counterattacks.

II.More Synonyms in Context

1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast

areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.

2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts

/ homework paid off.

3) I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he

turned a deaf ear to all my words.

4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her

fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.

III. Usage

1) But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate

good health.

2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew

anything about it.

3) It's said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work

4) Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get

burned, especially if you fall asleep.

5) In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.

6) Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes. Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze

(A)

1. invasion

2. stand in the way

3. Conquest

4. catching... off his guard

5. launching

6. declaration

7. campaign 8. drag on

9. reckon with 10. bringing...to a halt

(B)

1. allow

2. reckoned

3. highly

4. forecasts

5. rapidly

6. instant

7. delivery 8. advantage

9. observing 10. Powerful

II. Translation

1. Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.

2. We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the

most sophisticated weapons.

3. Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is

getting increasingly desperate.

4. Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his

judgment.

5. Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the

village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.

The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a

gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.

Unit 2Text A

Vocabulary

I. 1. 1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4) take control of

5) hazards 6) satellite 7) vibrated 8) magnetic

9) bunched 10) in the air 11) got/was stuckin

12) approximately

2. 1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on

5) starting up 6) went through 7) fill out 8) fall into

3. 1)… incorporates all the latest safety features

2) …two trees ten feet apart

3) … awarding lucrative contracts to his construction site

4) … the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to

make the cars.

5) … are correlated in all racial groups

4.1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to

2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency

3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazard

II. Word Formation

Clipped Words Blends

Kilo kilogram Medicare medical care

Memo memorandum email electronic mail

gym gymnasium comsat communications satellite

lib liberation newscast news broadcast

doc doctor skyjack sky hijack

vet veterinarian Eurodollar European dollar

prep preparatory brunch breakfast and lunch

auto automobile telecast television broadcast

flu influenza Oxbridge Oxford and Cambridge III. 1. swimming pool 2. drawing board 3. enriched Middle English

4. disturbing change

5. fully developed prototype

6. Canned

foods 7. working population 8. puzzling differences

Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze

1.

1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert

5)hazards 6) monotonous 7) take control of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate 13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor

2.

1) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled 5) opportunities 6) overall 7) manufacturing 8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalities II. Translation

1．

1) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of

artillery in the distance.

2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been

causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social

problem.

3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely

correlated with global temperatures.

4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12

minutes recently

5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the

signal from the coach.

2.

Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today

the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.

Unit 3 Text A

Content questions

1. He runs a manufacturing company.

2. Almost all of them were no.

3. This applicant was ill prepared for the job he was applying for and

therefore ill qualified.

4. Prepare to win.

5. They now have to switch jobs frequently.

6. A 90-year-old tennis player who wanted to work on his weakness --

backhand court.

7. Believing in yourself, even when no one else does.

8. Because he will mention a cab driver who is different.

9. His efforts to make a difference.

10.He was offered a ride on a day when Minnesota was hit with one of

the worst snowstorms in years and the international airport there was closed for the first time in decades.

11. Because there were no tracks left in the snow, which means he was

the first person to take off from there.

12 Carlson was excited about being first, which is exactly what the writer

recommends to job applicants.

Text Organization

1.

Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas

Part One Paras 1- 6 An ill-prepared college graduate failed

his interview.

Part Two Paras 7-27 Four pieces of advice on being a

successful interviewee.

Part Three Paras 28-31 Make your own tracks in whatever you do.

2.

Suggestions Examples

1) Prepare to win. 1) Michael Jordan

2) Never stop learning. 2) a 90-year-old tennis

player

3) Believe in yourself,even when no one else does 3) the four-minute

mile, the New

York Marathon

and the

Vietnam veteran.

4) Find a way to make a difference. 4) a New York cabdriver.

Language Sense Enhancement

1.

(1) checked with (2) interview (3) grill (4) clippings

(5) be right for (6) follow up (7) indicating （8）hand-delivered

(9) prepared (10) prospective

Language Focus

I. 1.

1) rude 2) physically 3) structure 4) made a difference 5) blurted (out) 6) chuckling 7) measurable 8) prospective 9) preparations 10) sparkled 11) took a crack at 12) partner

2.

1) go after 2) look back at/on 3) be put up 4) stood for 5) build in 6) follow up 7) be hooked up to 8) closed up

3.

1) grilled her about where she had been all night

2) beyond Cinderella's wildest dreams that she could one day dance in the

King’s palace

3) will be in readers’ hands soon

4) do your homework before going on an interview.

5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.

4.

1）applicants,veteran, the prospective

2）From his standpoint,has made every endeavor to go after

3) as the saying goes, to have a crack at, barely

II. Words with Multiple Meanings

1. behave

2. used to avoid repetition

3. Clean

4. get along

5. perform/complete

6. perform/complete

7. study

8. be enough

9. be acceptable

III. Usage

1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin. OK, I’ll talk

about myself first.

2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way,

I have something here for you.

3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone

who can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage?

4. I’m going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes. By

the way, I will see you in February, as I plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai.

5. OK, you got the job. Now, how to maximize your profits with as little

effort as possible?

6. Chris is back from Australia. Incidentally, those pictures you sent me are

wonderful.

Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze

1.

(1) prospective (2) As I see it (3) done your homework (4) beforehand

(5) endeavor (6) structure (7) partners (8) Respond (9) take a crack

(10) from the standpoint (11) make a difference (12) follow up

2.

(1) encouraging (2) inquiry (3) relevant (4) samples

(5) references (6) advice (7) preparing (8) seriously

(9) probably (10) exhibit

II. Translation

1.

1) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing,

the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a

short while.

2) Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out) that she

had undergone two plastic surgeries.

3) We have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working

together, we’ll have the future in our hands.

4) If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I

would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.

5) People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with

stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area. 2.

Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a differences in his chance of success.

I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a years in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible don't have much of a chance of success.

Unit 4

Text A

Text rganization

1.

2.

Vocabulary

I.

1) advantageous 2) let alone

3) witnessing/vanishing 4) landmark

5) entitled 6) displace

7) Establishment 8) patriotic/strengthen

9) contradictions 10) aspires

11) divorced 12) pendulums

2. 1) come to 2) dozed off

3) believed in 4) was set apart

5) take in 6) sucks in

7) clean up 8) turn away

3.

1) For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.

2)Toyata has overtaken General Motors as the world’s biggest car maker.

3)Shortly after their marriage, Mr. Chambers was at odds with his wife over money matters.

4)Henry has been at the forefront of nanotechnology research.

5)She doesn’t even know how to boil potatoes, let alone cook a meal.

5.a) is increasingly/to accelerate/their investment

b) economy/make an earnest/domestic/strike a balance between

c) a handful of/be endorsed by/on a large scale

III. Usage

1. An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his

birthday.

2. The reason(he gave) that he didn ’t notice the car till too late was

unsatisfactory.

3. Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.

4. Cloning had been raised as a possibility decades ago, then dismissed,

something that serious scientists thought was simply not going to

happen anytime soon.

Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze

(A)

1. academics

3.a variety of

5. vanish

7. endorsing

9. sweeping aside

11. erasing

(B)

1. aided

2.effects

3.distances

4. connected

5. invested

6. features

7. prevailing

8. qualitatively 9. volume 10. Distinguishing

2. networking 4. growth 6. facilitate 8. outlook 10. patriotic 12. strike a

2) I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.

Globalization has great implications for young Chinese. For example,

them forward, which has given rise to worries that the traditional Chinese culture might one day vanish.

Unit 5 TextA

oganization 1.

Vocabulary

I

1) In a way 2) in accordance 3) vacancy 4) in good condition 5) transparent 6) rub 7) spicy

8) hitherto

9) with (a) bad grace 10) instinct 11) pawned 12) current 2.

1) turned up 2) will stick to 3) brought back 4)go about 5) driving at 6) put away 7) over 8) took aback

3.

1) has a very weak constitution --- she may not be able to survive the operation.

2) was taken aback by the insurance company’s rejection of my compensation claim

3) was something of a surprise when we ran into each other in a place like that.

4) needs trimming/ to be trimmed ---it’s getting too long.

5) are often seceptive

4.

1) Oddly enough /went broke /wrinkled / he had gone all to pieces

2) definite / is capable of /her vanity

3) too mild / sipping / stroke

II. Usage

1. Except for

2. except that

3. except

4. except when

5. except to

6. except what

7. except where

8. except that

III.

Comprehensive exercises

I.Cloze

1.

1). insane 2).current 3). candid 4). capable 5). was

taken aback

6). in good condition 7). constitution 8）. go all to pieces 9）. Gone broke 10）. vacancy 11）. mild 12）. deceptive 2.

1）. suspected 2）. pleading 3）. confirmed 4）stunned 5）lucrative 6). jewellery 7). wealthy 8). urge 9). spell 10). arrested

II.Translation

1.

1)I have an instinct that Henry will seek to join the expedition, because

he is something of an adventurer.

2)He is capable of sticking to the task at hand, even if he is exposed to

noises.

3)The trademark was registered in accordance with the laws hitherto

in force.

4)Oddly enough, many people volunteered to help organize the

meeting, but only a few turned up.

5)The teacher’s affectionate words, along with his candid comments,

changed the way Mike perceived the society and himself.

2.

For my own part, I find that appearances are all too often deceptive. For

instance, you might be wrong if you judged by appearances only people like Edward Hyde Burton. In appearance, he seemed a man all of a piece. He was a tiny little fellow with white hair and mild blue eyes, gentle and candid. Nevertheless, he turned out to be very cruel. He insulted and fooled Lenny who was down and out and made him commit himself to an insane venture. What was still more surprising was that he was completely indifferent to Lenny’s death. Without doubt, Burton was a man with a heart of stone.

Key to Unit6, Book4 “The Pace of Life”

Vocabulary 1

1) appliances 2) comparative 3) multiply 4) distribution

5) prosperity 6) decorate 7) famine 8) large quantities of/ a large quantity of

9) streamline 10) fax 11) pointed the way to 12) bewildered

Vocabulary 2

1) eat into 2) cling to

3) stand out/ stood out 4) wears away

5) set about 6) switch off

7) will be turned loose 8) poured in

Vocabulary 3

is forecast to be below average next year, which at the moment is 4 percent.

to enter the building and find the baby girl proved futile as rescuers were driven out by the heat and flames.

was urged to divert some of its attention from expanding production and get more involved with issues of market demand.

can really eat heavily into your profits when you are selling suits at ￡900 and dresses at ￡2,000.

has toiled endlessly over the exercise machine for the last twenty years in order to keep her body in shape.

Vocabulary 4

reaction to; discontent; provoked

convention; evading tax; the confines of

a burden; are always on the go/ seem forever on the go; to cope

II. Confusable Words

1. 1) nervousness 2) tension 3) stress; stress 4) tension

2. 1) honorary 2) Honorable 3) honorable 4) honorary 5) honorable 6) Honorary

人教部编语文四年级下册教材课后答案

部编语文四年级下册教材课后答案 第 1 课古诗词三首 2.读下面的诗句 , 说说你眼前浮现出了怎样的情景。 〔答案大家找〕“儿童急走追黄蝶 , 飞入菜花无处寻。”描绘了 儿童捕蝶的欢快场景。 “日长篱落无人过 , 惟有蜻蜓蛱蝶飞。”让我们看到农民早出晚 归的场景 , 蛱蝶飞又让我们感受到静中有动的情景。 “大儿锄豆溪东 , 中儿正织鸡笼。最喜小儿亡赖 , 溪头卧剥莲蓬。”大儿子在溪东豆地里锄草 , 二儿子在家里编织鸡笼 , 三儿子只知任意地调皮玩耍 , 躺卧在溪边剥莲蓬吃。 第 2课乡下人家 1.朗读课文 , 想象画面。如果给课文配画 , 你觉得可以画几幅 ?试 着给每幅画取个名字。 〔答案大家找〕 7 幅 , 屋前搭瓜架、门前种鲜花、屋后春笋冒、 院里鸡觅食、河中鸭嬉戏、门前吃晚饭、夜静催眠曲。 2.你对课文描写的哪一处景致最感兴趣 ?和同学交流。 〔答案大家找〕描写门前五颜六色的花和雨后春笋的景致我最 感兴趣 , 本来是朴素的乡下 , 可是门前这些五彩缤纷的花朵、雨后的春 笋又给本来朴素的乡下带来了勃勃生机, 读完以后让我也向往乡下这 样恬静安逸的生活。

3. 读句子 , 再从课文中找出像这样写得生动形象的句子, 抄写下来。 〔答案大家找〕他们的屋后倘若有一条小河 , 那么在石桥旁边 , 在绿树荫下 , 会见到一群鸭子游戏水中 , 不时地把头扎到水下去觅食。天边的红霞 , 向晚的微风 , 头上飞过的归巢的鸟儿 , 都是他们的好友 , 它们和乡下人家一起 , 绘成了一幅自然、和谐的田园风景画。秋天到 了, 纺织娘寄住在他们屋前的瓜架上。月明人静的夜里, 它们便唱起歌来: “织 , 织, 织, 织啊 ! 织, 织, 织, 织啊 ! ”那歌声真好听 , 赛过催眠曲 ,让那些辛苦一天的人们, 甜甜蜜蜜地进入梦乡。 选做 你眼里的乡村景致是怎样的?用一段话写下来。 〔答案大家找〕大树也绿 , 小草也茂盛 , 花朵也艳丽 , 田园的风光真是美。近处 , 一棵棵大杨树挺直身板, 抬起头 , 密密麻麻的绿叶里闪过一丝丝日影。远远地看去, 这些杨树就像一名名威武的保卫者。小 草又嫩又绿 , 茂密的草地就像一大块碧绿的地毯, 躺在软软的绿地上 ,比躺在沙发上还要舒服。那的野花不是一般的香, 在千里之外都可以闻到。每一朵花都神气十足地仰起头。每个人家的门前都有一块可爱的菜地 , 种有茄子、黄瓜、辣子、豇豆、草莓等蔬菜水果。从高处往 下看 , 那些蔬菜水果就像一个个精英士兵, 你就像那位大将军 , 准备率领十万精英去攻打敌人的城池。晚上 , 无数颗星星眨着眼睛 , 等我们睡着, 星星才肯离开

(完整版)全新版大学英语第二版综合教程4课后答案全

Unit 1 lexf Organization

II. More Synonyms in Context 1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium. 2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off. 3)1 spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words. 4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.

- 90 - Appendix I III. Usage 1)But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health. 2)A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew anything about it. 3)It's said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work 1)Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get burned, especially if you fall asleep. 4)In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early. 5)Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes. ■ Structure 1. 1) To his great delight, Dr. Deng discovered two genes in wild rice that can increase the yield by 30 percent. 2)To her great relief, her daughter had left the building before it collapsed. 3)To our disappointment, our women's team lost out to the North Koreans. 4)We think, much to our regret, that we will not be able to visit you during the coming Christmas. 2. 1) These birds nest in the vast swamps (which lie to the) east of the Nile. 2)By 1948, the People's Liberation Army had gained control of the vast areas north of the Yangtze River. 3)Michelle was born in a small village in the north of France, but came to live in the United States at the age of four. ■ 4) The Columbia River rises in western Canada and continues/runs through the United States for about 1,900 kilometers west of the Rocky Mountains. Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A) 1. invasion 3. Conquest 5. launching 7. campaign 9. reckon with 2. s tand in the way 4. c atching... off his guard 6. d eclaration 8. d rag on 10. b ringing...to a

大学英语1教材答案

Unit 1 Vocabulary 1.F ill in the gaps with words……. 1). Respectable 2).agony 3).put down 4).sequence 5).hold back 6).distribute 7).off and on 8).vivid 9).associate 10).finally 11).turn in/out 12).tackle 2. Rewrite each sentence…… 1)…has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2)….was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. 3)….a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’ time. 4)….gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 3. Complete the sentences… 1).reputation; rigid; to inspire 2).and tedious; What’s more; out of date ideas 3).compose; career; avoid showing; hardly hold back Ⅱ. Synonyms in Context

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1a14053613.html,posed 2.severe 3.agony 4.extraordinary 5.recall https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1a14053613.html,mand 7.was violating 8.anticipate Ⅲ.Collocation 1.at 2.for 3.of 4.with 5.as 6.about 7.to 8.in; in 9.from 10.on/upon Comprehensive Exercises Ⅰ.Cloze Text-related (1).hold back (2).tedious (3).scanned (4).recall (5).vivid (6).off and on (7).turn out/in (8).career Theme-related (1).last (2).surprise (3).pull (4).blowing (5). dressed (6).scene (7).extraordinary (8).image (9).turn (10).excitement Ⅱ.Translation 1.A s it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2.H is girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took

(教材)课后习题解答

第1.2章建筑的传热与传湿 （7）试求出用同一种材料构成的5层厚度为20mm封闭空气间层的热阻值与1层厚度为100mm的封闭空气间层的热阻值各为多少？

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