雅思阅读试卷 附完整参考答案

Section I Words

A.Match the words with the same meaning.W rite down the letters on you answer sheet.

(1(1’’*6)

1.epidermic

2.motivate

3.assume

4.appealing

5.controversy 6expertise A.skill or knowledge in a particular area

B.dispute,argument

C.attractive

D.an outbreak of a contagious disease that

spreads rapidly and widely

E.to provide with an incentive;impel

. F.to take for granted,suppose

B.Fill in the blanks with proper forms of words given in the box,one word can be used

more than once.(1(1’’*10)

evolve prepare propose minimum peer through

cheat weep address exploit except

1.Not surprisingly,his was not well received,even though it seemed to agree with the scientific information available at the time..

2.The little girl with disappointment when she learned that her favourite Barbie Dolls were sold out.

3.The price is her,she refuses to lower it any further.

4.Apes,monkeys and many other primates have fairly elaborate systems of calls for communicating with other members of their species.

5.Some melodies are quite manipulative,working on our emotions very effectively,and composers have often this to the full.

6.I realized I’d been when I saw the painting on sale for half the price I paid for it.

7.To this problem,Counter Intelligence built a kitchen of its own and started making gagets to fill it with.

8.Most birds don’t have a good sense of smell,but fish-eaters such as petrels and shearwaters are significant.

9.Why bother a clear door,when you can put a camera in the oven to broadcast snapshots of the activities in the oven to a screen in another room?

10.Exploration will allow us to make suitable for dealing with any dangers that we might face,and we may be able to find physical resources such as minerals.

SectionⅡ.Translation

A.Translate the following sentences into English.(3(3’’*5)

1.Despite the hardship he encountered,Mark never

(放弃对知识的追求)

2.由于缺乏对这种病的了解，许多人依然认为HIV受害者都是自作自受。(owing to; ignorance)

3.在王先生住院期间，他的两个女儿轮流照顾他，而让我惊讶的是，他所钟爱的儿子却从未露面。

4.她很快就习惯了自己生火做饭，毕竟，哭是没有用的。

5.新发布的关于改善农村医疗系统的报告让我们相信农村地区缺医少药的时代终将结束。（issue,bring sth to an end）

B.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.(3’*3)

1.Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research can be applied to the development of new Technology.

2.Newspapers are a less expensive advertising medium than television and provide a way for advertisers to communicate a longer,more detailed message to their audience than they can through television..

3.Once we start to see people as individuals,and discard the stereotypes,we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone.Diversity is about coming together and taking advantages of our differences and similarities.

1.5’’*40)

SectionⅢReading Comprehension(1.5

Passage1

★Why did a promising heart drug fail?

Doomed drug highlights complications of meddling with cholesterol.

1.The failure of a high-profile cholesterol drug has thrown a spotlight on the complicated machinery that regulates cholesterol levels.But many researchers remain confident that drugs to boost levels of'good'cholesterol are still one of the most promising means to combat spiralling heart disease.

2.Drug company Pfizer announced on2,December that it was cancelling all clinical trials of torcetrapib,a drug designed to raise heart-protective high-density lipoproteins(HDLs).In a trial of15000patients,a safety board found that more people died or suffered cardiovascular problems after taking the drug plus a cholesterol-lowering statin than those in a control group who took the statin alone.

3.The news came as a kick in the teeth to many cardiologists,because earlier tests in animals and people suggested it would lower rates of cardiovascular disease."There have been no red flags to my knowledge,"says John Chapman,a specialist in lipoproteins and atherosclerosis at the National Institute for Health and Medical Research(INSERM)in Paris who has also studied torcetrapib,"This cancellation came as a complete shock."

4.Torcetrapib is one of the most advanced of a new breed of drugs designed to raise levels of HDLs,which ferry cholesterol out of artery-clogging plaques to the liver for removal from the body.Specifically,torcetrapib blocks a protein called cholesterol ester transfer protein

(CETP),which normally transfers the cholesterol from high-density lipoproteins to low density, plaque-promoting ones.Statins,in contrast,mainly work by lowering the'bad'low-density lipoproteins.

Under pressure

5.Researchers are now trying to work out why and how the drug backfired,something that will not become clear until the clinical details are released by Pfizer.One hint lies in evidence from earlier trials that it slightly raises blood pressure in some patients.It was thought that this mild problem would be offset by the heart benefits of the drug.But it is possible that it actually proved fatal in some patients who already suffered high blood pressure.If blood pressure is the explanation,it would actually be good news for drug developers because it suggests that the problems are specific to this compound.Other prototype drugs that are being developed to block CETP work in a slightly different way and might not suffer the same downfall.

6.But it is also possible that the whole idea of blocking CETP is flawed,says Moti Kashyap, who directs atherosclerosis research at the VA Medical Center in Long Beach,California.When HDLs excrete cholesterol in the liver,they actually rely on LDLs for part of this process.So inhibiting CETP,which prevents the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL,might actually cause an abnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body."You're blocking a physiologic mechanism to eliminate cholesterol and effectively constipating the pathway,"says Kashyap.

Going up

7.Most researchers remain confident that elevating high density lipoproteins levels by one means or another is one of the best routes for helping heart disease patients.But HDLs are complex and not entirely understood.One approved drug,called niacin,is known to both raise HDL and reduce cardiovascular risk but also causes an unpleasant sensation of heat and tingling. Researchers are exploring whether they can bypass this side effect and whether niacin can lower disease risk more than statins alone.Scientists are also working on several other means to bump up high-density lipoproteins by,for example,introducing synthetic HDLs."The only thing we know is dead in the water is torcetrapib,not the whole idea of raising HDL,"says Michael Miller, director of preventive cardiology at the University of Maryland Medical Center,Baltimore.

(613words nature)

This passage has7paragraphs1-7.

Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number i-ix in boxes1-7on your answer sheet.

List of Headings

i.How does torcetrapib work?

ii.Contradictory result prior to the current trial

iii.One failure may possibly bring about future success

iv.The failure doesn‘t lead to total loss of confidence

v.It is the right route to follow

vi.Why it’s stopped

vii.They may combine and theoretically produce ideal result

viii.What‘s wrong with the drug

ix.It might be wrong at the first place

Example answer

Paragraph1iv

1.Paragraph2

2.Paragraph3

3.Paragraph4

4.Paragraph5

5.Paragraph6

6.Paragraph7

Questions7-1

7-122

functions..Write the correct

HDLs,,statin and CETP with their functions

Match torcetrapib

torcetrapib,,HDLs

letter A,B,C or D in boxes7-12on your answer sheet.

You may use any letter more than once.

NBYou

NB

7.It has been administered to over10,000subjects in a clinical trial.

8.It could help rid human body of cholesterol.

9.Researchers are yet to find more about it.

10.It was used to reduce the level of cholesterol.

11.According to Kashyap,it might lead to unwanted result if it‘s blocked.

12.It produced contradictory results in different trials.

List of choices

A.Torcetrapic

B.HDLS

C.Statin

D.CETP

Passage2

★Don't wash those fossils!

Standard museum practice can wash away DNA.

1.Washing,brushing and varnishing fossils—all standard conservation treatments used by many fossil hunters and museum curators alike—vastly reduces the chances of recovering ancient DNA.

2.Instead,excavators should be handling at least some of their bounty with gloves,and freezing samples as they are found,dirt and all,concludes a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences today.

3.Although many palaeontologists know anecdotally that this is the best way to up the odds of extracting good DNA,Eva-Maria Geigl of the Jacques Monod Institute in Paris,France,and her colleagues have now shown just how important conservation practices can be.This information, they say,needs to be hammered home among the people who are actually out in the field digging up bones.

4.Geigl and her colleagues looked at3,200-year-old fossil bones belonging to a single individual of an extinct cattle species,called an aurochs.The fossils were dug up at a site in France at two different times—either in1947,and stored in a museum collection,or in2004,and conserved in sterile conditions at-20oC.

5.The team's attempts to extract DNA from the1947bones all failed.The newly excavated fossils,however,all yielded DNA.

6.Because the bones had been buried for the same amount of time,and in the same conditions, the conservation method had to be to blame says Geigl."As much DNA was degraded in these 57years as in the3,200years before,"she says.

Wash in,wash out

7.Because many palaeontologists base their work on the shape of fossils alone,their methods of conservation are not designed to preserve DNA,Geigl explains.

8.The biggest problem is how they are cleaned.Fossils are often washed together on-site in a large bath,which can allow water—and contaminants in the form of contemporary DNA—to permeate into the porous bones."Not only is the authentic DNA getting washed out,but contamination is getting washed in,"says Geigl.

9.Most ancient DNA specialists know this already,says Hendrik Poinar,an evolutionary geneticist at McMaster University in Ontario,Canada.But that doesn't mean that best practice has become widespread among those who actually find the fossils.

10.Getting hold of fossils that have been preserved with their DNA in mind relies on close relationships between lab-based geneticists and the excavators,says palaeogeneticist Svante P bo of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig,Germany.And that only occurs in exceptional cases,he says.

11.P bo's team,which has been sequencing Neanderthal DNA,continually faces these problems. "When you want to study ancient human and Neanderthal remains,there's a big issue of contamination with contemporary human DNA,"he says.

12.This doesn't mean that all museum specimens are fatally flawed,notes P bo.The Neanderthal fossils that were recently sequenced in his own lab,for example,had been part of a museum collection treated in the traditional way.But P bo is keen to see samples of fossils from every major find preserved in line with Geigl's recommendations—just in case.

Warm and wet

13.Geigl herself believes that,with cooperation between bench and field researchers,preserving fossils properly could open up avenues of discovery that have long been assumed closed.

14.Much human cultural development took place in temperate regions.DNA does not survive well in warm environments in the first place,and can vanish when fossils are washed and treated. For this reason,Geigl says,most ancient DNA studies have been done on permafrost samples, such as the woolly mammoth,or on remains sheltered from the elements in cold caves—including cave bear and Neanderthal fossils.

15.Better conservation methods,and a focus on fresh fossils,could boost DNA extraction from more delicate specimens,says Geigl.And that could shed more light on the story of human evolution.

(640words nature)Glossary

Palaeontologists古生物学家Aurochs欧洲野牛Permafrost(地理)永冻层Neanderthal(人类学)尼安德特人，旧石器时代的古人类

Questions1313--18

Answer the following questions by using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

13.How did people traditionally treat fossils?

14.What suggestions do Geigl and her colleagues give on what should be done when fossils are found?

15.What problems may be posed if fossil bones are washed on-site?Name ONE.

16.What characteristic do fossil bones have to make them susceptible to be contaminated with contemporary DNA when they are washed?

17.What could be better understood when conservation treatments are improved?

18.The passage mentioned several animal species studied by researchers.How many of them are mentioned?

Questions1919--23

passage..Please Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage

write TRUE if the statement agrees with the writer

FALSE if the statement does not agree with the writer

NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage

1919..In their paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,Geigl and her colleagues have shown what conservation practices should be followed to preserve ancient DNA.

2020..The fossil bones that Geigl and her colleagues studied are all from the same aurochs.

2121..Geneticists don’t have to work on site.

2222..Only newly excavated fossil bones using new conservation methods suggested by Geigl and her colleagues contain ancient DNA.

2323..Paabo is still worried about the potential problems caused by treatments of fossils in traditional way.

Questions2424--25

Complete the following the statements by choosing letter A-D for each answer.

information””in paragraph3indicates:

2424..“This information

[A]It is critical to follow proper practices in preserving ancient DNA.

[B]The best way of getting good DNA is to handle fossils with gloves.

[C]Fossil hunters should wear home-made hammers while digging up bones.

[D]Many palaeontologists know how one should do in treating fossils.

2525..The study conducted by Geigl and her colleagues suggests:

[A]the fact that ancient DNA can not be recovered from fossil bones excavated in the past.

[B]the correlation between the amount of burying time and that of the recovered DNA.

[C]the pace at which DNA degrades.

[D]the correlation between conservation practices and degradation of DNA.

Passage3

★The Historical Context of Attitudes to Work

Work,for much of the history of the human race,has been hard and degrading.But while it has always been recognised that work is necessary for the satisfaction of material needs,attitudes towards working hard-in the absence of compulsion-have varied over the centuries.

Getting on for3,000years ago,the ancient Greeks regarded work as a curse.Philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle made it clear that the majority of men laboured so that the minority could engage in pure exercises of the mind-art,philosophy and politics.According to Plato,‘those who need to work must be willing to accept an inferior status.’

During the Middle Ages-from about400AD until1400AD-work was still perceived negatively, though with a positive attitude toward earnings which prevented one from being reliant on the charity of others for the physical needs of life.Wealth was recognized as an opportunity to share with those who might be less fortunate,and work which produced wealth therefore became acceptable.However,any effort to accumulate excessive wealth was frowned upon.It was the duty of a worker to remain in his class,passing on his family work from father to son.

With the Reformation,a period of religious and political upheaval in western Europe during the

16th century,came a new perspective on work.Two key religious leaders who influenced the development of western culture during this period were Martin Luther and John Calvin,from Germany and France respectively.

Building on Luther’s doctrines,John Calvin introduced a significant new attitude towards work. He taught that people’s daily life and deeds,and success in worldly endeavours,reflected their moral worth.Calvin believed that all men must work,even the rich.Men were not to wish for wealth,possessions,or easy living,but were to reinvest the profits of their labour into financing further ventures.Selection of occupation and pursuing it to achieve the greatest profit possible was considered a religious duty,even if that meant abandoning the family trade or profession. The key elements of these new beliefs about work-usually called the‘Protestant work ethic’-were hard work,punctuality,working for long-term(rather than immediate)benefits,and the great importance of work.

In time,these attitudes became norms of Western culture.As the industrial revolution gathered pace in the19th century,the idea of work as a religious obligation was replaced by the concept of public usefulness.Economists warned of the poverty and decay that would befall the country if people failed to work hard,and moralists stressed the social duty of each person to be productive.

Now let us fast-forward to the present,to the information age which began in the1980s.To a far greater degree than before,work is now perceived as rewarding in itself.This work ethic stresses skill,challenge,autonomy,recognition,and the quality of work produced.Autonomy has been identified as a particularly important factor in job satisfaction.Motivation to work involves trust, caring,meaning,self-knowledge,challenge,opportunity for personal growth,and dignity, instead of purely financial incentives.Workers seek control over their work-something lost with the mechanisation of the industrial age;and many contemporary jobs are conductive to meeting these needs.As a result,the work ethic has gained a personal relevance not found in most occupations in the industrial age.Some studies have identified a decline in belief that hard work will create adequate benefits.This is a significant shift,because pay and‘getting ahead’were the primary incentives management used to encourage productivity during the industrial age.To sum up,the contemporary work ethic places a positive moral value on doing a good job and is based on a belief that work has intrinsic value for its own sake.

(about650words)

A The highest wages should be for doing jobs that few people are willing to do.

B People should be judged as human beings by how successful they are at work.

C People have a duty to society to work.

D People should be rewarded according to the value to society fo the work they do.

E Money and promotion are the most effective ways of motivating people to work.

F Society should ensure that suitable work is available to meet people’s needs.

Questions2626--28

Which THREE of the above attitudes towards work(A-F)are mentioned?

Questions2929--35

Classify the following views as being those of

A Ancient Greece

B the Middle Age

C John Calvin

Example:Wealth should not stop people from working.

Answer:C(Calvin believed that all men must work,even the rich.)

Write the correct letter

letterA,A,B or C.

29.people should choose their occupation

30.work gives others freedom to carry out certain non-work activities

31.people should work hard

32.people who earn money should help others financially

33.work gives people a low position in society

34.a person’s occupation should depend on the social position they are born into

35.people should use money they do not need to create more money.

Questions3636--40

Complete the summary below.Choose NO MORE THAN ONE WORD from the passage for each answer.

Work in the information age.

Work is generally expected to be for its own sake.There is an emphasis on the benefits for the individual,and on the of his or her output.One of the major contributors to the enjoyment of work is A number of factors,rather than money alone,create.In many jobs,workers are able to take of what they do.There has been a significant change in the main incentives that are effective in the workplace.

答案 1.D 2.E 3.F 4.C 5.B 6.A 1.proposal 2.wept 3.minimum 4.evolved 5.exploited 6.cheated7.address8.exceptions9.peering through10.preparations

1.gave up prusuing knowledge/abandoned the pursuit of knowledge

2.Owing to the ignorance of the disease,many people still believe that HIV victims

deserve what they suffer.

3.While Mr.Wang was in hospital,his two daughters took turns looking after him.To my amazement,his beloved son never turned up.

4.She soon got accustomed to lighting the fire and cooking the meal herself.After all,

crying would't do her any good.

5.The newly issued report on improving the medical system in rural areas leads us to

believe that the era is to be bought to an end when such areas are always short of doctors

and medicines

1.如果这项研究的成果能够应用于新技术的开发，那么我们的努力就会有所回报/成功.

2.比起电视来说，报纸是一种相对便宜的广告媒体，并且，它给广告商提供了一种

比起电视来说可以给观众传达更长更有效的信息的途径。

3.一旦我们开始重视每一个各不相同的个体，摒弃成见，我们就可以逐渐以一种乐于包容的态度对待每一个人。文化的多样性意味着大家一起共事，并积极地利用我们的差异与共性。

Passage1

1.vi

2.ii

3.vii

4.iii

5.ix

6.v

7.A8.B9.B10.C11.D12.A Passage2

13.washing,brushing,varnishing14.handling with gloves/freezing samples

15.losing authentic DNA/being contaminated/contamination

16.they are porous17.human evolution18.4

19.T20.T21.NG22.F23T24A25D Passage3

26.B27.C28.E(in any order)

29.C30.A31.C32.B33.A34.B35C

36.rewarding37.quality38.autonomy39.motivation40.control

雅思阅读试卷 附完整参考答案

Section I Words A.Match the words with the same meaning.W rite down the letters on you answer sheet. (1(1’’*6) 1.epidermic 2.motivate 3.assume 4.appealing 5.controversy 6expertise A.skill or knowledge in a particular area B.dispute,argument C.attractive D.an outbreak of a contagious disease that spreads rapidly and widely E.to provide with an incentive;impel . F.to take for granted,suppose B.Fill in the blanks with proper forms of words given in the box,one word can be used more than once.(1(1’’*10) evolve prepare propose minimum peer through cheat weep address exploit except 1.Not surprisingly,his was not well received,even though it seemed to agree with the scientific information available at the time.. 2.The little girl with disappointment when she learned that her favourite Barbie Dolls were sold out. 3.The price is her,she refuses to lower it any further. 4.Apes,monkeys and many other primates have fairly elaborate systems of calls for communicating with other members of their species. 5.Some melodies are quite manipulative,working on our emotions very effectively,and composers have often this to the full. 6.I realized I’d been when I saw the painting on sale for half the price I paid for it. 7.To this problem,Counter Intelligence built a kitchen of its own and started making gagets to fill it with. 8.Most birds don’t have a good sense of smell,but fish-eaters such as petrels and shearwaters are significant. 9.Why bother a clear door,when you can put a camera in the oven to broadcast snapshots of the activities in the oven to a screen in another room? 10.Exploration will allow us to make suitable for dealing with any dangers that we might face,and we may be able to find physical resources such as minerals. SectionⅡ.Translation A.Translate the following sentences into English.(3(3’’*5) 1.Despite the hardship he encountered,Mark never (放弃对知识的追求) 2.由于缺乏对这种病的了解，许多人依然认为HIV受害者都是自作自受。(owing to; ignorance)

2014年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析（6）

1. A European spacecraft took off today to spearhead the search for another "Earth" among the stars. 2. The Corot space telescope blasted off aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan shortly after 2.20pm. 3. Corot， short for convection rotation and planetary transits， is the first instrument capable of finding small rocky planets beyond the solar system. Any such planet situated in the right orbit stands a good chance of having liquid water on its surface， and quite possibly life， although a leading scientist involved in the project said it was unlikely to find "any little green men". 4. Developed by the French space agency， CNES， and partnered by the European Space Agency (ESA)， Austria， Belgium， Germany， Brazil and Spain， Corot will monitor around 120，000 stars with its 27cm telescope from a polar orbit 514 miles above the Earth. Over two and a half years， it will focus on five to six different areas of the sky， measuring the brightness of about 10，000 stars every 512 seconds. 5. "At the present moment we are hoping to find out more about the nature of planets around stars which are potential habitats. We are looking at habitable planets， not inhabited planets. We are not going to find any little green men，" Professor Ian Roxburgh， an ESA scientist who has been involved with Corot since its inception， told the BBC Radio 4 Today programme. 6. Prof Roxburgh said it was hoped Corot would find "rocky planets that could develop an atmosphere and， if they are the right distance from their parent star，they could have water". 7. To search for planets， the telescope will look for the dimming of starlight caused when an object passes in front of a star， known as a "transit". Although it will take more sophisticated space telescopes planned in the next 10 years to confirm the presence of an Earth-like planet with oxygen and liquid water， Corot will let scientists know where to point their lenses.

2015年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析三

Time to cool it 1 REFRIGERATORS are the epitome of clunky technology： solid， reliable and just a little bit dull. They have not changed much over the past century， but then they have not needed to. They are based on a robust and effective idea--draw heat from the thing you want to cool by evaporating a liquid next to it， and then dump that heat by pumping the vapour elsewhere and condensing it. This method of pumping heat from one place to another served mankind well when refrigerators' main jobs were preserving food and， as air conditioners， cooling buildings. Today's high-tech world， however， demands high-tech refrigeration. Heat pumps are no longer up to the job. The search is on for something to replace them. 2 One set of candidates are known as paraelectric materials. These act like batteries when they undergo a temperature change： attach electrodes to them and they generate a current. This effect is used in infra-red cameras. An array of tiny pieces of paraelectric material can sense the heat radiated by， for example， a person， and the pattern of the array's electrical outputs can then be used to construct an image. But until recently no one had bothered much with the inverse of this process. That inverse exists， however. Apply an appropriate current to a paraelectric material and it will cool down. 3 Someone who is looking at this inverse effect is Alex Mischenko， of Cambridge University. Using commercially available paraelectric film， he and his colleagues have generated temperature drops five times bigger than any previously recorded. That may be enough to change the phenomenon from a laboratory curiosity to something with commercial applications. 4 As to what those applications might be， Dr Mischenko is still a little hazy. He has， nevertheless， set up a company to pursue them. He foresees putting his discovery to use in more efficient domestic fridges and air conditioners. The real money， though， may be in cooling computers. 5 Gadgets containing microprocessors have been getting hotter for a long time. One consequence of Moore's Law， which describes the doubling of the number of transistors on a chip every 18 months， is that the amount of heat produced doubles as well. In fact， it more than doubles， because besides increasing in number，the components are getting faster. Heat is released every time a logical operation is performed inside a microprocessor， so the faster the processor is， the more heat it generates. Doubling the frequency quadruples the heat output. And the frequency has doubled a lot. The first Pentium chips sold by Dr Moore's company，Intel， in 1993， ran at 60m cycles a second. The Pentium 4--the last "single-core" desktop processor--clocked up 3.2 billion cycles a second. 6 Disposing of this heat is a big obstruction to further miniaturisation and higher speeds. The innards of a desktop computer commonly hit 80℃. At 85℃， they

雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析(2)

雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析（2）

Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the Treaty A. After a period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief，continental European governments will recover their enthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in . Whether the European public will welcome a return to what voters in two countries had rejected so short a time before is another matter. B. There are several reasons for Europe’s recovering self-confidence. For years European economies had been lagging dismally behind America (to say nothing of Asia)， but in the large continental economies had one of their best years for a decade， briefly outstripping America in terms of growth. Since politics often reacts to economic change with a lag，’s improvement in economic growth will have its impact in ， though the recovery may be ebbing by then. C. The coming year also marks a particular point in a political cycle so regular that it almost seems to amount to a natural law. Every four or five years， European countries take a large stride towards further integration by signing a new treaty： the Maastricht treaty in 1992， the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997， the Treaty of Nice in . And in they were supposed to ratify a European constitution， laying the ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythm was rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters. But the political impetus to sign something every four or five years has only been interrupted，not immobilised， by this setback. D. In the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty—the Treaty of Rome， its founding charter. Government leaders have already agreed to celebrate it ceremoniously， restating their commitment to “ever closer union” and the basic ideals of European unity. By itself， and in normal circumstances， the EU’s 50th-birthday greeting to itself would be fairly meaningless， a routine expression of European good fellowship. But it does not take a Machiavelli to spot that once governments have signed the declaration (and it seems unlikely anyone would be so uncollegiate as to veto

雅思英语阅读练习题及答案12

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