研究生-基础综合英语-单词整理

Unit1

1.semiliterate:a.semi-educated;having only an elementary level of reading and writing ability半文盲的，有初等文化的semi-:half or partly

2.dropout:n.a personwho leavesschool before finishing a course（尤指中学的）退学学生

3.do-gooder:n.sb.who does things that they think will help other people,although the other people might not find their actions helpful一个总是试着帮助别人的人（通常是贬义）；不实际的社会改革家（指幼稚的理想主义者，支持善心或博爱的事件的改革者）

4.impediment:n.obstacles,barriers妨碍，阻止，阻碍，阻挡

5.trump card:anything decisiveheld in reservefor useat a critical time王牌

6.charmer:n.a personwho hasgood qualities that make you like him/her讨人喜欢的人，有魅力的人，有迷惑力的人（尤指迷人的女人）

7.get by:to be able to deal with a situation with difficulty,usually by having just enoughof sth.you need,suchas money过得去

8.settledown:to becomequiet and calm（使）安静下来；平息

9.flunk:v.to fail an exam or courseof study不及格

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1a457002.html,posure:n.calmnessandcontrol平静；镇静；沉着

11.parade:n.a seriesof peopleor things that appearone after the other

12.at stake:to be won or lost;risked受到威胁，面临危险

13.sail:v.to move quickly and effortlessly投入

14.testimony:n.spokenor written statementthat sth.is true证词，证明

15.conspiracy:n.act of joint planning of a crime阴谋，共谋

16.doom:v.to makesb.or sth.certain to do or experiencesth.unpleasant注定

17.follow through:to continue a stroke,motion,plan,or reasoningthrough to the end 将动作、计划等进行到底

18.I flunked my secondyearexamsandwas lucky not to be thrown out of college.

19.The managementdid not seemto consideroffice safetyto be a priority.

20.Thousandsof lives will be at stake if emergency aid does not arrive in the city soon.

21.I think therewas a conspiracy to keep me out of the committee.

Unit2

1.propose:v.[to sb.]to aska personto marry one提亲；求婚

2.knockoff:n.a copy or reproduction of a designetc.esp.one madeillegally假货；赝品

3.Windex:v.to clean with a kind of detergentby the brand of Windex用Windex牌清洁剂清洗

4.takethe plunge:to take a decisive first step,commit oneself irrevocably to a course

of action冒险尝试

5.bridesmaid:n.a girl or unmarried woman attending the bride at a wedding女傧相；伴娘

6.maid of honor:a principal bridesmaid女傧相

7.pastel:a.a pale andsubduedshadeor color轻淡柔和的色彩

8.taffeta:n.a plain-weave glossysilk塔夫绸

9.consignment:n.the action of entrusting goodsor saleor custody托运；托运的货物

10.entourage:n.a group of people in attendance on or accompany someone

important随从；随行人员

11.groomsman:n.a male friend officially attending the bridegroom at a wedding男傧相；伴郎

12.courtship:n.the activity or period of courting a woman with a view to marriage 求爱期；追求期

13.publicist:n.a personwho promotesor advertisessomething宣传人员；宣传代理人

14.monomaniacal:a.characterizedby mental illness in which a personis dominated

by oneirrational setof ideas对某事狂热的；偏执狂的

15.pharmacist:n.a personskilled or engagedin pharmacy;a personwho preparesor

dispenses medicine药剂师

16.whine:v.to utter a subduedhigh-pitched prolonged cry of distressor complaint 哀诉；诉怨

17.thwart:v.to run counter to,go against,oppose,hinder阻挠；阻止；对……构成阻力

18.cathedral:n.any important,large and imposing church总教堂；大教堂

19.quarantine:v.to isolate someoneor something that hasjust arrived from overseas

or hasbeenexposedto infection对……进行检疫隔离

20.petite:a.of small stature,chiefly of a woman or girl（女孩和妇女）娇小的

21.brim:v.[with]to be or becomefull to the edge注满

22.navigate:v.to direct,manage,steer给船舶、飞机等引航；导航

23.eerily:adv.fearfully or gloomily引起神秘感或害怕地

24.reminiscent:a.suggestiveor reminding(someone)提醒的；暗示的；像……的；使回忆起……的

25.drab:a.dull or lifeless无生气的；乏味的；单调的

26.relentlessly:adv.insistently and uncompromisingly不懈地；不屈不挠地；持续不断地

27.dank:a.unpleasantlydamp and cold阴湿的；阴冷的

28.tattered:a.torn or ragged破烂的；衣衫褴褛的

29.prognosis:n.a prediction of the likely outcome of a disease预后（指医生对疾病结果的预测）

30.trickle:v.to drip or run with tears滴；淌；细流

31.decadent:a.declining or decaying(from a stateof excellenceor prosperity)堕落的；颓废的

32.incision:n.a division madeby cutting,as onemadeduring surgery切开；切口

33.bolster:v.to support and strengthen支持；鼓励（某人）；改善；加强（某事物）

34.chemo:n.the treatment of disease,esp.infection or cancer,by means of

chemicals化疗

35.poach:v.to cook an egg without the shell in simmering,or over boiling,water水煮（荷包蛋）

36.consummately:https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1a457002.html,pletely,to the highestdegree完全地；至上地

37.myriad:n.countlessnumber无数；极大数量

38.protrude:v.to extendor stick out伸出；突出

39.raspy:a.harsh刺耳的；焦躁的；易怒的

40.matrimonial a.of or pertaining to marriage婚姻的

41.We should be truly thankful to Mr.Deng Xiaoping for taking the plunge and

initiating the economic reform in China.

42.What is the useof whining about your bad luck?It is more important to find the

real causeof your misfortune.

43.The rising real estateprices thwarted his ambition of owning a houseof his own

in the big city.Disappointed,he returnedto his hometown.

44.He writes clearly and lightheartedly about the100best rivers and gives his expert

adviceon how to navigate their reaches.

Unit3

1.disingenuousness:n.slight dishonestyand lack of sincerity不老实

2.withering a.(of a look or remark,etc.)scornful or contemptuous(神情、话语）尖刻的

3.endorsev.to expressformal supportor approval赞同；认可；支持（意见、活动、某人等）

4.sequentiala.following in order of time or place按次序的；相继的；构成连续镜头的；顺序的；序列的

5.testimony n.written or spoken statementdeclaring that sth is true,esp one made

underoath（法庭上证人的）证词

6.nicotine n.poisonousoily substancefound in tobacco尼古丁；烟碱

7.the better part of:the majority of;the biggest part of大部分；主要部分

8.sophisticationn.quality of being sophisticated老练，复杂

9.allure n.a mysterious,exciting,or desirablequality诱惑力；魅力

10.extol v.(fml.)to praisehighly赞颂；赞扬；赞美

11.clad a.dressed;clothed穿衣的

12.pathology n.scientific study of diseases of the body病理（学）

13.perverse a.deliberately or stubbornly turning away from what is reasonableor

required错误的；荒谬的；反常的

14.exoneratev.(sb.from sth.):to declaresb.free from blame使免罪；免除

15.epidemiological a.connectedwith the study of the way diseasesspread,and how

to control them流行病学的

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1a457002.html,ndmark n.an event or development that marks a turning point or a stage里程碑，地标

17.bronchogenica.deriving from the bronchial tubes产生于支气管的；影响支气

管的

18.surrogaten.(fml)personor thing that actsor is usedinsteadof another;substitute 替代；代理

19.deride v.to treatsb./sth.asfunny andnot worthy of seriousattention取笑；嘲笑

20.exhaustively adv.very thoroughly;completely用尽一切地

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1a457002.html,rmal written businesscommunication（备忘的）记录

22.disinformation n.false information,intendedto mislead故意的假情报

23.obfuscatev.to make(sth.)confusedor difficult to understand使模糊；使混乱

24.spike v.to fastenor furnish with spikes把尖状物钉入

25.racketeering n.making money from illegal activities such as threatening people

or selling worthless,immoral,or illegal goodsor services.敲诈勒索；诈骗

26.gagglen.a group of people,especially thosethat are noisy or disorganized散乱的一群，缺乏组织的团体

27.skeptic n.a personwho hasdoubtsaboutthings that other peoplebelieve怀疑者

28.defraudv.to get sth.from sb.by deception;cheatsb.诈取；骗取

29.pandemicn.a diseasethat affects many people over a very wide area（全国或全球性）流行病；大流行病

30.advocacyn.public support for a courseof action支持；拥护；鼓吹；（对某思想、行动方针、信念的）拥护；支持；提倡

31.After the police released their report,John was exonerated from all

responsibility for the accident.

32.In a speechat the Congress,the president extolled the virtues of free enterprise

andexpressed his distastefor the blatant hegemonyin IT industry.

33.I endorse everything that has been said from both sides of the House in support

and admiration of him and of the courageand fortitude that he and his family have displayed.

34.The poor woman was defrauded of her money by a dishonestaccountant.

Unit4

favor and 1.blessing n.thing that one is glad of,thing that brings happiness;God’ｓ

protection祝福；祷告

2.curse n.causeof evil,harm,destruction,etc.诅咒；咒骂；祸端

3.chitchat n.(infml.)chat;gossip闲谈；聊天

4.detritus n.a weekly hard rock and heavy metal e-zine featuring news,reviews,

rumors,special reports,andmore花边消息

5.suck v.(slang)If someonesaysthat something sucks,they are indicating that they

think it is very bad;somepeoplefind this useoffensive.令人不愉快；令人讨厌

6.con a.(slang)哄骗的

7.harry v.to annoy(sb.)with repeatedrequests,questions,etc.harass掠夺；使…苦恼；侵掠

8.snoopv.to searchor investigatein a persistentandsecretiveway窥伺；打听

9.shrivel v.to(causesth.to)shrink and wrinkle from heat,cold or dryness枯萎；干枯；皱缩

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1a457002.html,rge number(of questions,criticisms,etc.)delivered quickly,one after

the other一连串的批评

11.nanosecond n.毫微秒（时间单位）

12.catalyst n.personor thing that causesa change催化剂；刺激因素

13.mind-boggling a.(infml.)alarming;extraordinary or astonishing令人难以置信的

14.cook up:(infml.)to invent sth.,esp.in order to deceive编造；伪构；谋划

15.hasslev.to harass(sb.);to bother与…争辩；不断骚扰

16.irreconcilable a.that cannotbe reconciled不能和解的；不能协调的；矛盾的

17.salvagev.to save,rescue海上救助；打捞；抢救

18.far-flung a.spreadover a wide area;distributed widely辽阔的；漫长的；遥远的

19.visceral a.(fig.,fml.)(of feelings,etc.)not rational;instinctive（感情等）非理性的；直觉的

20.peck v.to strike sth.with the beak啄；啄食

21.lust n.strong sexualdesire;intensedesirefor sth.贪欲；欲望；色欲

22.hierarchy n.system with gradesof authority or status from lowest to the highest 等级制度；层级；统治集团

23.buffer n.country or area between two powerful states,lessening the risk of war

betweenthem缓冲；缓冲区

24.purveyor n.personor firm that supplies goodsor services供应商

25.spewv.to vomit;to sendout in a stream喷出；涌出；呕吐；吐出

26.vile a.extremely disgusting;despicableon moral grounds恶劣的；简陋的；低廉的

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1a457002.html,psen.a temporary lack of sth.such asconcentration or judgment暂时失去某物（如注意力、判断力等）

28.gentility n.genteelmannersand behavior有教养；文雅；出身高贵

29.lowercasea.Lowercase letters are small letters,not capital letters.用小写字母排印等的

30.run amok:to rush about in a wild and angry frenzy横行；胡作非为；乱冲乱杀

31.cobbletogether:to put sth.togetheror makesth.hastily or clumsily拙劣地修补

32.snippy a.(infml)尖刻的；言语唐突的

33.archive n.(pl)historical documentsor records档案；档案馆

34.curator n.personin chargeof a museum,an art gallery,etc.博物馆长

35.bemoanv.to show sorrow for or complain about(sb./sth.)悲叹；为…惋惜；认为遗憾

36.muster v.to gain sth.by collecting it from other people or by drawing it from

within oneself;summon sth.up集合；收集；鼓起；激起

37.multitude n.extremely large numberof peopleor things多数；群众

38.spurn.thing that urgesa personon to greateractivity;incentive刺激；鞭策

39.It is certainly undemocratic,and many peopleare beginning to feel that it borders

on the unconstitutional.

sheremarks,“yet it is just the desire to explain 40.“No t heory explains everything,”

everything which is the spur of theory.”

41.The archaeologist in the film knew that there was a curse upon anyone who

enteredthe pyramid.

42.A real love song is infinitely more appropriate for Christmas than a trashy song

cookedup as a commercial gimmick.

Unit5

1.innovation n.the processof making improvements by introducing sth.new;the

actof introducing sth.new;sth.newly introduced创新的过程新方法，新技术：新

介绍的东西

2.define v.to show clearly the edgeof sth.清楚地显示出轮廓

3.quantifiable a.can be quantified,measuredcapableof being quantified可以计量

的

4.rocket v.to move extremely quickly非常快速地运动

5.conundrum n.a problem that is difficult to deal with难以解决的问题

6.craft v.to make(sth.)skillfully,esp.by hand精工制作（某物）（尤指用手工）

7.flummox v.to bewilder,confuseor disconcert(sb.)使（某人）迷惑、糊涂或

仓皇失措

8.malaise n.a generalfeeling of bad health or lack of energy,or an uncomfortable

feeling that something is wrong(esp.with society)and a lack of ability to change

the situation微恙；不适，莫名的不安

9.stagnation n.(fig.)stateof showing no activity停滞

10.yearning n.strong desire,tender longing强烈的愿望，渴望

11.incentive n.thing that encouragessb.to do sth.;stimulus激励某人做某事的

事物，刺激，奖励

12.provocative a.tending or intended to arouseanger,annoyance,controversy,etc.

激起愤怒、恼恨、争论等的；挑衅的；煽动性的

13.perpetual a.continuing indefinitely;permanent永久的

14.ingenuity n.clevernessand originality in solving problems聪明，原创性地

解决问题

15.put a finger on sth.to know the reason for sth.,esp.sth.that is a problem;

identify precisely or point out(an error,the causeof a problem,etc.)知道某事的

理由（特别是问题），精确地发现或指出问题所在

16.lend oneself to:to allow oneself to be associatedwith sth.;adapt oneself or set

oneselfup to betreatedin a specialway同意参与；适合于

17.raison d’etre(French)a basic,essentialpurpose;a reasonto exist,reasonfor or

existence存在的目的或理由

justification of sb.’ｓ

/sth.’ｓ

18.green innovation:innovation which helps to protect the environment保护环境

的创新

19.I think you’ve just put your finger on the biggest problem facing the

Conservativeparty in this election.

20.Flummoxing by the surreality of history and the mind-boggling changes

unleashedin the60s,many writers in that era became minimalists,withdrawing,

turtlelike,inside their own homesand heads.

21.According to a survey of college graduatesrecently releasedby the government’ｓ

Council of Labor Affairs(CLA),the average starting monthly salary for college

graduatesin2006decreased,which revealsstagnation in economy.

22.Girls from dalit families,the lowest in the caste hierarchy in India have the

yearning for formal school education.

Unit6

1.reiterate:v.to say or do again or repeatedly再次或反覆说或做（某事物）

2.benign:a.tending to exert a beneficial influence;favorable易于产生有益影响的，有利的

3.transcend:v.to passbeyond the limits of:超出……的限度

4.unprecedented:a.neverhaving happenedor existedin thepast无先例的,空前的

5.resilience:n.the ability to recover quickly from illness,change,or misfortune迅速从变化中恢复过来的能力

6.disruptive:a.causing trouble and therefore stopping sth.from continuing as usual 破裂的，分裂的

7.skyrocket:v.to rise or causeto rise rapidly and suddenly迅速和突然地升高或使升高

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1a457002.html,xity:n.thestateor quality of being lax松弛的状态或性质

9.fiscal:a.of or relating to finance or finances财政的或与财政有关的

10.incur:v.to experience something,usually sth.unpleasant,as a result of actions

you have taken遭受；蒙受；招致；引起

11.intensification:n.action that makessth.strongeror more extreme激烈化

12.array:v.to arrangea group of things in a particular way为展示或使用而部署

13.folly:n.stupidity,or a stupid action,idea,etc.愚行，荒唐事

14.adversity:n.a difficult or unlucky situation or event逆境，困难或苦恼的状态，不幸

15.rigor:n.sth.that is hardto endure艰难的或难堪的情形，困境

16.dissipate:v.to(causeto)gradually disappearor waste使消散，驱散，弱到或几乎弱到消失的程度

17.embody:v.to representa quality or an ideaexactly体现，代表

18.covenant:n.a binding agreement;a compact盟约，契约，有约束力的协议

19.bypass:v.to ignore a rule or official authority为图省事而不顾规则

20.conflagration:n.alarge and violent event,such asa war,involving a lot of people 大型暴力事件，如战争

21.subdue:v.to reduce the force of sth.,or to prevent something from existing or

developing抑制，克制；使变得缓和，降低

22.revealing:a.showing or making known透露内情的，允许一瞥了知的

23.vilify:v.to say or write unpleasantthings about sb.or sth.,in order to causeother

peopleto have abad opinion of them污蔑，诋毁，中伤（某人）

24.whenit comesto:when the topic is picked up

25.more frequently than not:it occurs quite often that,alsomore often than not

26.In the following week,the question reiterated itself in his mind,but he was

incapableof answering it.

27.We were very rapidly using up a certain kind of irreplaceable asset,namely the

tolerancemarginswhich our benign naturealways provides.

28.We apologize for the sluggishness of TypePad-poweredsites this morning,and

causingit.

we’re working to resolvethe hardwareproblem that’ｓ

29.The conceptthat peopleareborn equalis embodiedin theAmerican Constitution.

Unit7

1.cult:n.sb.or sth.that has become very popular with a particular group of people 在特定人群中变得流行的人或事物

2.tenure:n.the right to remain permanently in a job永久地保有其职位的权利

3.stardom:n.fame名望，名气

4.waffle:v.to talk or write a lot without giving any useful information or any clear

answers胡乱地说或写

5.–mongering(suffix,mainly disapproving)encouraging a particular activity,

especiallyone which causestrouble（前缀，多贬义）促进某种行为的（尤其是

会导致麻烦的行为

6.arguably:adv.possibly可能地

7.blockbuster:n.(infml.)a book or film that is very successful,especially becauseof

its exciting contents成功的书或电影（尤其是因为内容精彩）

8.paste:v.to move a pieceof text to a particular place in a computer document（电脑）粘贴

9.mollify:v.(fml.)to make sb.feel lessangry and upsetabout sth.使（某人）息怒；使平静；抚慰

10.dire:a.very seriousor extreme很严重

11.overseer:n.a person whose job is to make certain that employeesare working or

that anactivity is being donecorrectly监督或指导他人工作的人

12.hurl:v.to utter vehemently感情激烈地说出

13.savage:v.to criticize sb.severely激烈抨击

14.flatulence:n.self-importance;pomposity自大；自负

15.squabble:n.petty or noisy quarrel吵闹和争执

16.exalted:a.having a very high rank andhighly respected崇高的，高贵的

17.till:v.to prepareland for growing crops[=cultivate]耕种

18.pontificate:v.to speak or write and give your opinion about sth.as if you knew

everything about it and asif only your opinion was correct武断地或自封为权威地谈论某事物

19.ghost-writer:n.sb.who is paid to write a book or story for another person,who

thensaysit is their own work影子写手；捉刀人

personal 20.memoir:n.(pl.)a book or other piece of writing based on the writer’ｓ

knowledge of famous people,placesor events（个人生活与经历的）回忆录;自传

21.hustle:v.to do sth.with a lot of energyand determination努力地做某事

22.moonlight:v.(infml.)to have a secondjob in addition to your main job从事第二职业：作为某人全职工作的额外工作去做另一份工作

23.short-change:v.to treat sb.unfairly by not giving them what they deserveor hoped

for未给以公正的报答或酬劳

24.ostentatious:a.too obviously showing your money,possessionsor power,in an

attempt to make other people notice and admire you为了让别人注意或羡慕自己，故意显示自己的钱，所有物或力量

25.ludicrous:a.stupid or unreasonableand deservingto be laughed at;ridiculous可笑的；荒唐的；愚蠢的

26.vista:n.an awarenessof a range of time,events,or subjects;a broad mental view 回顾或展望的一连串情景、事情等

27.populist:n.relating to or presenting ordinary people,rather than rich or

highly-educatedpeople平民主义者

28.trash:v.(infml.)to criticize sth.or sb.severely搞垮，贬低

29.besettingsin:n.aparticularly badfeature or habit(often usedhumorously)恶习

proposalsas well as Liberal’s.

30.The professor trashesConservative’ｓ

31.Politicians are always pontificating abouteducation.

32.He was askedto bethe overseerof the project.

33.He hurled a chair acrossthe set,smashingthe lamps and vases.

Unit8

1.bound: a.going or ready to go towards somewhere前往或准备前往一个特定

方向的

2.tribute:n.an act,statementor gift that is intended to show gratitude,respector

admiration表示敬意或称赞的行动、言语或礼物

3.chivalry:n.the medieval knightly systemwith its religious expectationof an ideal

knight,esp.courage,honor,courtesy,justice,and a readinessto help the weak骑士制度（中世纪的）；骑士精神（如勇气、荣誉感、谦恭及扶助弱小等）

4.reverent a.feeling or showing deepand solemn respect虔敬的；恭敬的

5.rally v.(of troops)to come together again in order to continue fighting after a

defeator dispersion召集，集合

6.forlorn a.(of an aim or endeavor)unlikely to succeedor be fulfilled;hopeless 无望的，几乎没有希望的；绝望的

7.custodian n.personwho hasresponsibility for or looks after sth.掌管某事物的人

opinions,decisions,etc.不屈8.unbending a.unable or unwilling to changeone’ｓ

服的，坚定的

9.spur n.a thing that prompts or encouragessomeone;an incentive刺激，鞭策

10.eulogy n.(a speechor piece of writing containing)high praise,usu.for a

personor their qualities称颂，赞美

11.relentless a.continuously severeor cruel冷酷的，狠心的

12.torrential a.causedby or like a violently rushing stream由急流引起的，似急流的

13.desolation n.a stateof complete emptinessor destruction废墟：处于荒芜的状态

14.indomitable a.too strong and brave to bediscouraged不可屈服的；不可战胜的

15.haze n.a slight obscuration of the lower atmosphere,typically causedby fine

suspended particles烟雾（造成能见度降低的大气潮气、尘埃、烟雾以及水汽）16.gaunt a.(of a person)lean and haggard,especially because of suffering,

hunger,or age（指人）（因饥饿或疾病）憔悴的,骨瘦如柴的

17.ghastly a.causinggreathorror or fear;extremely unwell可怕的；恐怖的

18.perpetuate v.to makecontinue indefinitely使无限期地延续下去

19.promulgate v.to promote or makewidely known宣扬（某事物）

20.serene a.calm,peaceful,and untroubled;tranquil安详的，不受干扰所影响的；平静和安定的

21.gladiator n.(in ancient Rome)an armedman who fought againstmen or wild

animalsin a public place asa form of entertainment格斗者，角斗士

22.guidepost n.a sign giving information such asthe direction and distanceto a

nearbytown,typically found at a road junction路标

23.beacon n.a tall object or a light on or near the shore,acting as guide or

warning to sailors灯塔；灯标

24.monger n.a person who promotes a specified activity,situation or feeling,

especially one that is undesirable or discreditable经营某一特定商品的商人,促成某一令人不快或不光彩的事发展的人

25.ominous a.giving a warning of sth.bad that is going to happen预兆的或成为预兆的（特别是坏的预兆的）

26.tint n.a paleor delicateshadeof a color;slight degreeof a color色调

27.We must give tribute to all thosewho helpedmake this a free country.

28.The new residential blocks were skillfully integrated with the rest of the College

to form a pleasing,self-containedwhole.

encouragementwas the spur he neededto succeed.

29.His wife’ｓ

研究生英语综合教程(课后习题答案)

Unit One Task 1 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B Task 2 1.public(c) 2.discipline(b) 3.strength(a) 4.reference(a) 5.strength(d) 6.public(a) 7.demonstrated(b) 8.discipline(c) 9.references(c) 10.personality(a) 11.discipllining(d) 12.demonstrates(a) 13.public(d) 14.reference(b) 15.personality(c) Task 3 1.employment 2.paid 3.adjust 4.setting 5.discouraged 6.credit 7.cite 8.demonstrate 9.teamwork 10.rules Unit Two Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C Task 2 1. bud (n.); budding (adj.) 2. access (n.); access (v.) 3. taste (n.);tasted (v.) 4. fool (n.); fooling (v.) 5. produces (v.); produce (n.) 6. garnish (v.); garnishes (n.) 7. reigns (v.); reign (n.) 8. concern (n.); concerned (v.) 9. named (v.); name (n.) 10. practiced (v.); practice (n.) Task 3 1) integration 2) choice 3) handed 4) aspiring 5) steaming 6) masterpieces 7) pleasure 8) partake 9) amazing 10) presented Unit Three Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A Task 2 1. stack up against 2. struck a chord 3. amounted to 4. chopping off 5. appeal to 6. pick up on 7. turned out 8. fade away 9. brought together 10. pulled off 11. thrust upon 12. be kept clear of Task 3 1) swirling 2) delivered 3) glowed 4) intervals 5) converge 6) wanderings 7) navigate 8) jealousy 9) presence 10) absorbed Unit Four Task 1 1.A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C Task 2 1. maintained (a) 2. romantic (a)

研究生-基础综合英语-单词整理

Unit1 1.semiliterate:a.semi-educated;having only an elementary level of reading and writing ability半文盲的，有初等文化的semi-:half or partly 2.dropout:n.a personwho leavesschool before finishing a course（尤指中学的）退学学生 3.do-gooder:n.sb.who does things that they think will help other people,although the other people might not find their actions helpful一个总是试着帮助别人的人（通常是贬义）；不实际的社会改革家（指幼稚的理想主义者，支持善心或博爱的事件的改革者） 4.impediment:n.obstacles,barriers妨碍，阻止，阻碍，阻挡 5.trump card:anything decisiveheld in reservefor useat a critical time王牌 6.charmer:n.a personwho hasgood qualities that make you like him/her讨人喜欢的人，有魅力的人，有迷惑力的人（尤指迷人的女人） 7.get by:to be able to deal with a situation with difficulty,usually by having just enoughof sth.you need,suchas money过得去 8.settledown:to becomequiet and calm（使）安静下来；平息 9.flunk:v.to fail an exam or courseof study不及格 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1a457002.html,posure:n.calmnessandcontrol平静；镇静；沉着 11.parade:n.a seriesof peopleor things that appearone after the other 12.at stake:to be won or lost;risked受到威胁，面临危险 13.sail:v.to move quickly and effortlessly投入 14.testimony:n.spokenor written statementthat sth.is true证词，证明 15.conspiracy:n.act of joint planning of a crime阴谋，共谋 16.doom:v.to makesb.or sth.certain to do or experiencesth.unpleasant注定 17.follow through:to continue a stroke,motion,plan,or reasoningthrough to the end 将动作、计划等进行到底 18.I flunked my secondyearexamsandwas lucky not to be thrown out of college. 19.The managementdid not seemto consideroffice safetyto be a priority. 20.Thousandsof lives will be at stake if emergency aid does not arrive in the city soon. 21.I think therewas a conspiracy to keep me out of the committee. Unit2 1.propose:v.[to sb.]to aska personto marry one提亲；求婚 2.knockoff:n.a copy or reproduction of a designetc.esp.one madeillegally假货；赝品 3.Windex:v.to clean with a kind of detergentby the brand of Windex用Windex牌清洁剂清洗 4.takethe plunge:to take a decisive first step,commit oneself irrevocably to a course of action冒险尝试 5.bridesmaid:n.a girl or unmarried woman attending the bride at a wedding女傧相；伴娘 6.maid of honor:a principal bridesmaid女傧相

研究生基础综合英语复习范围

第一单元 妨碍impediment初等文化者semiliterate中途,缀学dropout空想家do-gooder有魅力charmer 钢铁般steely 使不及格flunk 冷静compose 游行parade 阴谋conspiracy 证词，证言testimony 学术生涯academic life 危险at stake 度过get by 坚持follow through 安定settle down 毕业证书diploma 王牌trump card 1. This research seems to lend some validity （有力的）to the theory that the drug might cause cancer. 2」n a number of developing countries ,war has been an additional impediment （障碍）to progress . 3. A nthe was about to play her trump card （王牌卡），without her sig nature none of the money could be released . 4.1 flunked （挂科）my second year exams and was lucky not to be thrown out of college . 5.1 did not want to lose my composure （镇静）in front of her . 6. The man ageme nt did not seem to con sider office safety to be a priority （优先） 7. For three hours a committee of state sen ators liste ned to a parade （一系歹U） of local reside nts givi ng their opinions. 8. Thousa nds of lives will be at stake （在危机关头）if emerge ncy aid does not arrive in the city soon. 9. Brierley's book has the merit（优点）of being both information and readable . 10.1 think there was a conspiracy （阴谋）to keep me out of the committee . 1、Our youngest ,a world-class charmer ,did little to develop his intellectual talents but always get by . Un it Mrs Stifter. 我的小儿子是个世界级的万人迷，学习不怎么动脑筋却总能蒙混过关，知道施蒂夫特夫人当 了他的老师，这种局面才彻底改变。 2、Of average intelligenee or better ,they eventually quit school ,concluding they were dumb to finish . 这些学生的智力水平至少也算中等，但最终都退学了，他们总结说自己太笨了，学不下去了。 3、No one seems to stop to think that —no matter what environments they come from —most kids do not put school first on their list uni ess they perceive someth ing is at stake, They had rather be saili ng. 似乎没有人停下来想想看，无论孩子们来自何种环境，他们当中大多数若不是发现情况到了 危急关头，才不会把功课当作头等大事呢，他们宁可混日子。 4、Young people gen erally do not have the maturity to value educati on in the same way my adult stude nts value it. 年轻人往往不够成熟，不能够像我的成人学生们那样去重视教育。 5、It is an expressi on of con fide nee by both teachers and pare nts that the stude nts have the ability to lear n the material prese nted to them .

研究生学术综合英语课文翻译unit1-4

第一单元? 如何发表演说 斯蒂芬·卢卡斯? ???? 在人类创造的万物中，语言可能是最卓越的一项创造。通过语言，我们可以分享经验、阐明价值观念、交流思想、传播知识、传承文化。确实，语言对于思想本身至关重要。和流行的信仰不同的是：语言并不是简单地反映事实，而是通过对事件意义的思考来帮助人们感悟现实。? ???? 优秀的演说者尊重语言并懂得如何驾驭语言。语言是演说者展示才能的工具，对于他们来说，如同其他职业的工具一样,语言也有特殊的功用。作为一名演说者，你应该意识到话语的意义，并懂得如何准确无误地使用语言，使其表达清楚，趣味横生，恰如其分。? 如同数字对于会计的重要性一样，准确地使用语言对于演说者至关重要。在没有确切知道一个词语的意思之前，千万不要盲目使用。碰到没有把握的词语，一定要查词典追根究底。当你准备演讲之前，一定要不断地问自己：“我究竟想说些什么？我究竟想表达什么样的意思？”因此，对于一篇演讲稿的用词来说，必须准确无误。? 如果语言表达清楚无误，听众就能很快抓住你的意思。鉴于此，演说者应该使用那些对于大多数人来说非常熟悉的词语，这些词语不需要任何专业背景就能够理解；演说者应该使用那些表达具体而不是相对抽象的词语；并且千万不要乱堆砌辞藻，哗众取宠。? 准确生动地使用语言能够使你的演说贴近生活。有一种方法可以使你的语言更加生动形象，那就是通过展开联想或创造语言图示。通过使用表达具体的词语、明喻或者暗喻等手法可以展开想像。明喻是对事物不同之处的比较，不过有些是相同的：它们总是包含“像……一样”或者“如同……一样”这样的连词。暗喻是一种隐性的比喻，它能够把两个形式不同但是有一些相通之处的事物联系在一起，暗喻不包含“像……一样”或者“如同……一样”这样的连词。? 另一种让你的演说生动形象的方法是注重语言的节奏感。有四种修辞格可以让你的语言富有节奏感：排比、重复、头韵和对比。排比是将一组或一系列具有相似结构的词语、短语或者句子排列在一起；重复是在一系列短句或者长句的开头或者结尾使用相同的一句话或者一组词语；头韵是指邻近或者相邻的几个句子中的首个词语的辅音字母相同；对比是将一些意思相反的词语或者句子并列在一起，通常使用排比结构。 恰当地使用语言是指语言的运用要符合特定的场合、特定的观众和特定的主题。同时，恰当地使用语言还意味着演说者要有自己的语言风格，而不是模仿他人的口吻。如果演说者的语言在各个方面都能够做到恰如其分，那么这篇演说成功的机率就会大大提高。??????? 优秀的演说并不是空穴来风、缺乏论据的决断。演说者必须找到强有力的论据来支持其观点。实际上，熟练地使用论据经常是区别一篇优秀演说词和一篇空洞演说词的关键所在。一般来说，通常有三种论据材料：事例、统计数据和证词。? ???????在演说过程中，你可以使用一些简明扼要的例子——比如过去发生的一个很具体的事件——有时候，你可以罗列好几个简明的例子，借此增强听众的印象。扩展性的例子——描述、叙述或者奇闻轶事——通常长一些，但更具体。夸张性的例子描述想像中的情形，这种例子能够将相关的想法有效地传达给听众。这三种例子都能够帮助演说者理清思绪、加强印象或者使演说更加娓娓动听。为了使表达更加富有效果，例子应该生动活泼，丰富多彩。 只要演说者对于统计数据用之得当并且加以解释，这些数据将有助于有效地传达信息，听众也能从统计数据中获益匪浅。最重要的是：演说者应该对统计数据了如指掌，并且运用得恰如其分。由于数据很容易操纵和捏造，因此，对于演说者来说，一定要确保图表没有张冠李戴，并且要确保统计方法正确，数据来源可靠。?

小学基本英语单词

一、学习用品(school things) pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencil-case铅笔盒ruler尺子book书bag包 comic book漫画书post card明信片newspaper报纸schoolbag书包 eraser橡皮crayon蜡笔sharpener卷笔刀story-book故事书notebook 笔记本Chinese book语文书English book英语书math book数学书 magazine杂志dictionary词典 二、人体（body） foot脚head头face脸hair头发nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear 耳朵arm手臂hand手finger手指leg腿tail尾巴 三、颜色（colours） red红blue蓝yellow黄green绿white白black黑pink粉红purple 紫orange橙brown棕 四、动物（animals） cat猫dog狗pig猪duck鸭rabbit兔horse马elephant大象ant蚂蚁fish鱼bird鸟eagle鹰beaver海狸snake蛇mouse老鼠squirrel 松鼠kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴panda熊猫bear熊lion狮子tiger老虎fox狐狸zebra斑马deer鹿giraffe长颈鹿goose鹅hen母鸡 turkey火鸡lamb小羊sheep绵羊goat山羊cow奶牛donkey驴 squid鱿鱼lobster龙虾shark鲨鱼seal海豹sperm whale抹香鲸killer whale虎鲸 五、人物（people） friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩mother母亲father父亲sister姐妹 brother兄弟uncle叔叔；舅舅man男人woman女人Mr.先生Miss 小姐lady女士；小姐mom妈妈dad爸爸parents父母grandparents 祖父母grandma/grandmother（外）祖母grandpa/grandfather（外）祖父aunt 姑姑cousin堂（表）兄弟；堂（表）姐妹son儿子daughter女儿baby 婴儿kid小孩classmate同学queen女王visitor参观者neighbour邻居principal校长university student大学生pen pal笔友tourist旅行者people人物robot机器人 六、职业（jobs） teacher教师student学生doctor医生nurse护士driver司机farmer农民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演员actress女演员artist画家

研究生基础综合英语邱东林版课后翻译答案1-8

课后文章翻译 Unit 1 李明是学化学的，性格开朗幽默，颇有魅力，但英语成绩不佳，每次只能勉强及格。老师 警告他，英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金，并亮出了自己的王牌：如果李明不努力，就让他考 试不过关。老师还告诉他，学习英语不能只为了文凭，否则他即使大学毕业，也还是个半 文盲。李明虽然保持镇定，但他明白，他的学业生涯正在攸关之际，必须安心下来埋头学 习，坚持不懈。 Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’ s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma, otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake. Unit 2 我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育，既美丽又端庄，三十好几依然没有人向她 求婚。究其原因，她的事业心极强，整日扑在工作上，每天来往于住处和公司之 间，根本没有时间和异性交往。一想到女儿这么大了还单身一人，她父母就焦虑 不安。他们不知道该如何是好，甚至还去咨询一些社会学专家。 但是事情在上个月出现了转机，公司的总部调琳达到培训部。在新的工作岗位上，琳 达遇到了第一个触动她心弦的男人。从此，他们几乎每天约会，琳达意 识到她会不顾一切地爱这个男人。决定嫁人的时候，她告诉了我这个好消息。虽然琳达的爱 情让人想起电影中才会有的浪漫故事，我也担忧未来究竟会怎样，但我还是表达了我由衷的 祝福，并爽快答应在婚礼那天做他们的伴娘和伴郎随从中的一员。 Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty.The reason is that she, as a career –oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists. But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post , Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me. Though Linda ’ s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’ t know what the future will hold for her, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree

学术综合英语unit1-5课后习题答案

Task 2 A contrary to implicit assertion look up adapted Sustain unbiased In the course of metaphor clutter B bolster credible impromptu sparingly anecdote Credentials testimony hypothetical paraphrase juxtaposition Task 3 Translation B.发言提纲是有效发言的基础。通过写发言提纲，你可以确保你的思想是相关联的，你的思路从一点谈到另一点，你的讲话结构是连贯的。通常，准备讲演你可以采用两种提纲方式：详细准备提纲和简单发言提纲。 在准备发言提纲中，应该写出你的特定目的及中心思想，并以连贯的方式确定主要观点和次要观点，发言提纲应该由简要的提要组成，这些提要在你讲话时能够给予你一些帮助。发言提纲还应该包括帮助你记忆的重点词或重点短语。在写发言提纲时，可采用准备提纲的模式，尽可能使你的发言提纲简要，同时，要确保提纲清晰，易于辨认。 C. 1. The younger generation should continue to sustain and develop our fine traditions and long-standing culture. 2. In the course of preparing one’s speech, one should be clearly aware of how one could make effective use of statistics and examples to bolster one’s point of view. 3. An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills that college students should learn and develop through practice. 4. By using simile and metaphor, you can make your language more vivid and more attractive to your audience. 5. The proper examples you cite might help reinforce the impression on your listeners and make your viewpoints more convincing. 6. When you are speaking, you should choose common and easy words and at the same time avoid clutter in you speech. 7. When you write a paper, citing the views from some experts is a good way to make your ideas more credible. 8. A good method of delivering a speech will improve its quality and will help convey the speakers’ ideas clearly and interestingly. 9. You should mot blindly use a word that you are not sure about, and if you are not sure, look up the word in a dictionary. 10. Your language should adapt to the particular occasion and audience. If your language is appropriate in all respects, your speech is successful. D. Before you deliver an academic speech, you should, first of all, get well prepared for it. Then, you should make your major points clear in your speech, and your speech should be well organized. When speaking, you should not speak too fast, and your language should be explicit. Don’t always read the notes you prepared beforehand. From time to time, you should look at your audience. On one hand, you can show your respect to your audience, and on the other hand, you will be able to go on with your speech more smoothly.

基础英语单词

动词be am is are was were 助动词:do does did 情态动词can should would will 动词短语 put on，go home，go to bed，play computer games ，do housework，empty the trash，put away the clothes，get off(on)，take a trip ，go on a trip ，read a magazine ，go to the cinema do homework，watch TV，read books，cook the meals，water the flowers，sweep the floor，clean the bedroom，make the bed，set the table，wash the clothes，do the dishes，use a computer，do morning exercises，eat breakfast，eat dinner，go to school，have English class，play sports，get up，climb mountains，go shopping，play the piano，visit grandparents ，go hiking ，fly kites，make a snowman ，plant trees，draw pictures，cook dinner ，read a book ，answer the phone ，listen to music，clean the room ，write a letter ，write an e-mail，drink water，take pictures，watch insects，pick up leaves，do an experiment，catch butterflies，count insects，collect insect ，collect leaves，write a report，play chess，have a picnic，get to ride a bike，play the violin ，make kites，collect stamps， 患病 have a fever hurt have a cold have toothache have a headache have a sore throat 其它名词 人体 foot head face hair nose mouth eye ear arm finger leg tail 动物 cat dog pig duck rabbit horse elephant ant kangaroo monkey fish bird panda bear lion tiger sheep goat cow donkey 人物 friend boy girl mother father sister brother uncle man woman Mr Miss lady mom mother dad father parents grandparents grandpa grandma aunt cousin son classmate principal university student pal people 职业 teacher student doctor nurse driver farmer singer writer actor actress artist TV reporter engineer accountant policeman salesperson cleaner baseball player assistant policeman 颜色

【9A文】研究生基础综合英语课后答案汇总-附词汇

Unit1对F的赞美 1今年将有好几万的十八岁青年毕业，他们都将被授予毫无意义的文凭。这些文凭看上去跟颁发给比他们幸运的同班同学的文凭没什么两样。只有当雇主发现这些毕业生是半文盲时，文凭的效力才会被质疑。 2最后，少数幸运者会进入教育维修车间——成人识字课程，我教的一门关于基础语法和写作的课程就属于这种性质。在教育维修车间里，高中毕业生和高中辍学生将学习他们本该在学校就学好的技能，以获得同等学力毕业证书。他们还将发现他们被我们的教育体系欺骗了。 3在我教课的过程中，我对我们的学校教育深有了解。在每学期开始的时候，我会让我的学生写一下他们在学校的不快体验。这种时候学生不会有任何写作障碍！“我希望当时有人能让我停止吸毒，让我学习。”“我喜欢参加派对，似乎没人在意。”“我是一个好孩子，不会制造任何麻烦，于是他们就让我考试通过，及时我阅读不好，也不会写作。”很多诸如此类的抱怨。 4我基本是一个空想社会改良家，在教这门课之前我将孩子们的学习能力差归咎于毒品、离婚和其他妨碍注意力集中的东西，要想学习好就必须集中注意力。但是，我每一次走进教室都会再度发现，一个老师在期望学生全神贯注之前，他必须先吸引学生的注意力，无论附近有什么分散注意力的东西。要做到这点，有很多种办法，它们与教学风格有很大的关系。然而，单靠风格无法起效，有另一个办法可以显示谁是在教室里掌握胜局的人。这个办法就是亮出失败的王牌。 5我永远也忘不了一位老师亮出那张王牌以吸引我的一个孩子的注意。我的小儿子是个世界级的万人迷，学习不怎么动脑筋却总能蒙混过关。直到施蒂夫特夫人当了他的老师，这种局面才彻底改变了。 6当她教我儿子英语时，我儿子是一个高中高年级学生。“他坐在后排和他的朋友说话。”她告诉我。“你为什么不把他换到前排来？”我恳求道。我相信令他难堪的做法会让他安心学习。施蒂夫特夫人从眼睛上方冷冷地看着我。“我不会换高年级学生的座位。”她说，“我会给他们不及格的成绩。”我大感紧张。我们儿子的学习生涯在我的眼前闪现。之前，没有老师以此威胁过他。我恢复镇定，艰难地表示我认为她是对的。到家时，我对此感觉良好。目前这是一种激进的做法，但是，嗯，为什么不这么做呢？“她要给你不及格。”我告诉我的儿子。我没有再多说什么。突然英语就在他的生活中成了头等大事。他期末得了一个A。 7我知道一个例子不能说明问题，但我在夜校中看见了一群愤怒、怨恨的学生，他们愤恨的原因是学校让他们一路混，直到他们甚至都无法再假装跟得上。这些学生智力水平至少也算中等，但最终都退学了，他们总结说自己太笨，学不下去了。我最常听见的话是：“我本应该被留级。”更悲哀的是那些高中毕业生在上课几周后对我说：“我都不知道自己是怎么拿到高中文凭的。”

(完整版)最基础的英语单词分类

基础英语单词分类 一、学习用品 pen钢笔 pencil铅笔 pencil-case铅笔盒 ruler尺子 book书bag包 newspaper报纸 schoolbag书包 eraser橡皮 notebook笔记本 Chinese book语文书 English book英语书 math book数学书dictionary词典 二、人体 foot脚 head头 face脸 hair头发 nose鼻子 mouth嘴 eye眼睛 ear耳朵 hand手 finger手指 leg腿 三、颜色 red红 blue蓝 yellow黄 green绿 white白 black黑 pink粉红 purple紫 orange橙 brown棕 四、动物 cat猫 dog狗 pig猪 duck鸭 rabbit兔 horse马 elephant大象 fish鱼 bird鸟 snake蛇 mouse老鼠 kangaroo袋鼠 monkey 猴 panda熊猫 lion狮子 tiger老虎 fox狐狸 sheep绵羊chicken鸡 五、人物 friend朋友 boy男孩 girl女孩 mother母亲 father父亲 sister 姐妹 brother兄弟 man男人woman女人 Ms先生 Miss小姐mom妈妈dad爸爸 grandma 祖母 grandpa祖父 baby婴儿 kid小孩 pen pal笔友 people人物 六、职业 teacher教师 student学生 doctor医生 nurse护士 driver司机policeman（男）警察七、食品 rice米饭 bread面包milk牛奶 water水 egg蛋 fish鱼 cake蛋糕hot dog热狗 hamburger汉堡包 cookie曲奇 biscuit饼干noodles面条 meat肉 chicken鸡肉 ice-cream冰淇淋Coke可乐juice果汁 coffee咖啡 breakfast早餐lunch午餐 dinner晚餐sweets 糖果chocolate巧克力 cheese奶酪sausages香肠chips薯条moon cake月饼 八、水果、蔬菜 apple苹果 banana香蕉 pear梨 orange橙子 watermelon西瓜potato土豆 peach桃 watermelon 西瓜coconut 椰子mango 芒果mandarin orange 橘 九、衣服（clothes） jacket夹克衫 shirt衬衫 T-shirt T恤衫 skirt短裙子 dress连衣裙 jeans牛仔裤 pants长裤 socks袜子 shoes鞋子sweater毛衣 coat上衣 raincoat雨衣 shorts短裤 sneakers网球鞋 slippers拖鞋 sandals凉鞋 boots靴子 hat（有沿的）帽子 cap便帽 sunglasses太阳镜 tie领带 scarf围巾 gloves手套 十、交通工具（vehicles） bike自行车 bus公共汽车 train火车 boat小船 ship轮船 yacht快艇 car小汽车 taxi出租车 jeep吉普车 van小货车；面包车 plane飞机 subway地铁 motor cycle摩托车 十一、杂物（other things） window窗户 door门 desk课桌 chair椅子 bed床 computer计算机 board写字板 fan风扇 light灯 teacher's desk讲台 picture图画；照片 wall墙壁 floor地板 curtain窗帘 trash bin垃圾箱 closet壁橱 mirror镜子 end table床头柜

研究生基础综合英语课后翻译

研究生基础综合英语课 后翻译 集团标准化工作小组 #Q8QGGQT-GX8G08Q8-GNQGJ8-MHHGN#

研究生基础综合英语课后翻译 Unit1 textA P22 1.我基本是一个空想社会改良家，在教这门课之前我将孩子们的学习能力差归咎于毒品、离婚和其他妨碍注意力集中的东西，要想学习好就必须集中注意力。 2.我的小儿子是个世界级的万人迷，学习不怎么动脑筋却总能蒙混过关。直到施蒂夫特夫人当了他的老师，这种局面才彻底改变了。 3.但我在夜校中看见了一群愤怒、怨恨的学生，他们愤恨的原因是学校让他们一路混，直到他们甚至都无法再假装跟得上。 4.这些学生智力水平至少也算中等，但最终都退学了，他们总结说自己太笨，学不下去了 5.似乎没有人停下了想想看，无论孩子们来自何种环境，他们当中大多数若不是发现情况到了危急关头，才不会把功课当做头等大事呢。他们宁可混日子。 6.年轻人往往不够成熟，不会像我的成人学生们那样重视教育 7.这表明老师和家长都对学生有信心，相信他们能够学好发给他们的学习材料。UNIT 2 TEXT B 1.Why do some adults who have had bad experiences decide to kill my happiness with nasty remarks instead of just saying congratulations. 为什么几个有过不幸经历的成年人非要说那些难听的话来扼杀我的幸福，而不是就送上几句祝福呢 2. I know all about the heartache :that children can strain a marriage ,that money issues can blow up ,that a couple can lose their connection ,that job stress can take a toll and that changing and growing older can aid in the dissolution of what once was real love.

研究生学术综合英语全文翻译-罗立胜

Presenting a speech （做演讲） Of all human creations, language may be the most remarkable. Through language we share experience, formulate values, exchange ideas, transmit knowledge, and sustain culture. Indeed, language is vital to think itself. [Contrary to popular belief], language | does not simply mirror reality but also helps to create our sense of reality [by giving meaning to events]. 在人类所有的创造中，语言也许是影响最为深远的。我们用语言来分享经验，表达(传递？)价值观，交换想法，传播知识，传承文化。事实上，对语言本身的思考也是至关重要的。和通常所认为的不同的是，语言并不只是简单地反映现实，语言在具体描述事件的时候也在帮助我们建立对现实的感知。——语序的调整。 Good speakers have respect for language and know how it works. Words are the tools of a speaker’s craft. They have special uses, just like the tools of any other profession. As a speaker, you should be aware of the meaning of words and know how to use language accurately, clearly,vividly,and appropriately. 好的演讲者对语言很重视，也知道如何让它发挥更好的效果。词语是演讲者演讲的重要“武器”，具有特殊的用途，这和任何其他的工作技艺没什么两样。作为演讲者，必须知道词语的具体含义，也要懂得如何做到用词准确、清晰、生动、适当。 Using language accurately is as vital to a speaker as using numbers accurately to a accountant. Never use a word unless you are sure of its meaning. If you are not sure, look up the word in the dictionary. As you prepare your speeches, ask yourself constantly, “What do I really want to say? What do I really mean?” Choose wor ds that are precise and accurate. 演讲者准确地使用语言和会计准确使用数字是一样重要的。确定词意后再措词。如果不确定，请先查词典。当你在准备演讲的时候，要不断地问自己：“我到底要说什么？我到底想表达什么意思？”用词一定要精准。 Using language clearly allows listeners to grasp your meaning immediately. You can ensure this [by using familiar words （that are known to the average person and require no specialized background）; by choosing concrete words in preference to more abstract ones, and by eliminating verbal clutter]. 用词清晰可以让听众迅速理解你的意思（抓到你的点）。要做到这一点，就要尽量使用一般人都熟悉的不需要专业知识就能懂的词语；多用具象词汇少用抽象词汇；还有要减少口误。 Using language vividly helps bring your speech to life. One way (to make your speech vivid)|is through imagery，or the creation of word pictures. You can develop imagery by using concrete language, simile, and metaphor. Simile is an explicit comparison between things （that are essentially different yet have something in common）; it always contains the words “like”or “as”. Metaphor is an implicit comparison between things that are different yet have something in common; it does not contain the words “like” or “as”. 生动地用词能让演讲鲜活起来！比喻，这种能产生文字图像的修辞，可以使演讲达到生动的效果。比喻要用具象的语言，分为明喻和隐喻。明喻是指在本质上有区别但仍然有相同点的事物之间做一个明确的比较，一般句中会含有“像”或“似”。隐喻则是一种隐藏的比较，不会出现like 和as 这些连接词。