西南交大科技英语翻译期末考试复习题答案

1.Here great disturbances at the heart of the earth caused mountains and volcanoes

to rise above the water.

这里，由于地心的剧烈活动，使山脉和火山升出水面。

2.After the Australian Taxation Office made its taxation forms simpler, it actually

received praise from taxpayers who could finally understand it.

澳大利亚税务局将其表格文字简化后，受到了纳税人的广泛称赞，因为他们终于能看懂这些表格了

3.Although people are born to win, they are also born helpless and totally

dependent on their environment. Winners successfully make the transition from total helplessness to independence, and then to interdependence. Losers do not.

虽然人们生来要成功，然而，他们同样生来就是无助的，完全依靠环境。成功者成功地从完全不能自立过渡到了独立，然后过渡到相互依靠。失败者则不然。

4.Darwin was convinced that the loss of the tastes in music and drawing was not

only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.

达尔文认为，失去对音乐和绘画方面的兴趣，不仅失去了幸福，而且还可能损伤智力，甚至可能会伤害道德。

5.No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than

the chopsticks.

中餐桌上最神奇,最有特色的用餐工具莫过于筷子.

6.It is not on the shores of continents, nor in the coastal islands, however, that the

soul of the great Pacific is found. It lies far out where the fabled South Sea Islands are scattered over the huge ocean like stars in the sky.

然而，浩瀚的太平洋最精美之处不在其大陆海岸，也不在沿海诸岛，而是在远离陆地的海域。在那里，富有神奇色彩的南太平洋诸岛像天上的繁星一样散布在广阔的海面上。

7.Circumstances and people are constantly changing. Some friendship last

“forever”; others do not.

环境与人都在不断地改变。有些友谊地久天长，有些则如昙花一现。

8.When Greek meets Greek, then comes the tug of war.

两雄相争，其斗必烈。

9.He who has a purpose is always concentrating his forces. By the will, the hope

and the plan are prevented from evaporating into dreams. Enthusiasm keeps the interest up, and makes the obstacles seem small.

有目标的人总是能集中自己的精力。有了意志，希望和计划就不会如美梦一般幻灭；有了热情，则可以让人保持蓬勃兴致，藐视一切障碍。

10.Any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aims of education. Stuffing

children’s heads full of knowledge is far from being foremost among them. One of the chief aims of education is to equip future citizens with all they require to take their place in adult society.

只要讨论到这个主题，人们必定会问到教育的目的。把孩子的头脑填满知识远远不是头等重要的事。教育的目的之一，是让未来的公民具备在成年人社会中站稳脚跟所需的能力。

11.美国大学生主修外语的人不多，然而许多大学的学生必须学一门除英语以外

的语言才能毕业。最受欢迎的语言是西班牙语，其次是法语和德语。

Foreign languages are not popular as a main area of study among American college students. However, students at many colleges must study a language other than English before they can graduate. The most popular foreign language is Spanish, followed by French and German.

12.造成人们失败的许多经历包括：缺少帮助、营养不良、残忍行为、不愉快的

关系、痛苦的疾病、接二连三的失望、对身体爱护不够、痛苦而难忘的事件等等。

A lack of response to dependence needs, poor nutrition, brutality, unhappy

relationships, disease, continuing disappointments, inadequate physical care, and traumatic events are among the many experiences that contribute to making people losers.

13.年轻人顶着风，冒着雨，出去骑马。

The young people went out, against the wind and through the rain, for a ride on horseback.

14.客气并不只是包含考虑周详、礼貌文雅和举止端庄，还表现在谦逊和谨慎。

Keqi not only means considerate, polite, and well mannered, but also represents humbleness and modesty.

15. 因此，他成了学校的骄傲，男同学妒忌的对象，女同学心目中的英雄。

For this reason, he has become the pride of the college, envy of the boys, and hero of the girls.

11.The establishment of a solid manufacturing and mining industry has kept

Victoria’s unemployment rate the lowest in the country.

由于建立了经济实力雄厚的制造业和采矿业，维多利亚州的失业率一直是全国最低的。

12.My selection of particular people for inclusion in this series is purely subjective

on my part and the people you will be reading about are not the only people who have contributed to the growth and development of Western civilization.

我在这一系列文章中所选择的一些特定人物纯粹是我主观挑选的，因而你们要读到的这些人物并不是对西方文明的形成和发展做出了贡献的仅有的人。

13.Standing above the gale-swelled torrent, horizontal wind-driven rain drenching

my overcoat, I gaze up and down the road.

我站在风大浪涌的急流上方，外衣让被风横着吹过来的雨水打湿透了，眼睛朝公路的两头望去。

14.Many Third World nations with high unemployment and low wages have seen an

emigration of workers to the developed nations.

在很多失业多、工资低的第三世界国家出现了工人移居发达国家的现象。5. Even if they are willing to make the sacrifice in dollars, whether Americans will give up long accustomed personal liberties is another question.

即使美国人愿意在金钱上牺牲，但是否愿意抛弃久已为常的个人自由，还是未定之数。

6.He adds humbly that perhaps he was "superior to the common run of men in

noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully."

他谦卑地补充道，或许他“和普通人比起来，更能够注意到那些别人不容易注意到的东西，更能够对此加以详细地观察”。

7.For Westerners, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be

quite challenging at the beginning. But as long as you have patience and concentrate on practice, you will soon be able to use chopsticks skillfully enough to enjoy a Chinese meal.

对于西方人来说,掌握用筷的方法和技巧在开始时也许难度很大,但是只要有耐心,用心去练,不久便可以熟练地使用筷子享用中餐.

8.I believe my father is a talented man. He is decisive and efficient in doing things.

By his own talents and efforts, he has secured for the family a good social position and a comparatively rich life.

我相信我的父亲是一个有才能的人。他办事果断，卓有成效。他依靠自己的才干和努力，为我们的家庭获得了良好的社会地位和比较宽裕的生活。9.Bearing-wall construction limited the height of buildings because of the enormous

wall thickness required.

因为所需墙体的厚度很大，承重墙结构限制了建筑物的高度。

10.With computers doubling in speed and power every couple of years, and with

genetic engineering’s dazzling feats growing more and more routine, the battered American faith in technological progress has been growing stronger and giddier of late.

随着电脑的速度与功能每两年就增加一倍，基因工程领域中惊人的成就变得司空见惯，美国人在科技发展方面备受打击的信心，近年来已逐渐增强，并有异常乐观的趋势。

11. 她的这番忠告永远是我行动的指南。我母亲的确很伟大，我总是为有这样的母亲感到自豪。

This advice of hers will always serve as a guide to my action. My mother is great indeed, and I always feel proud of her.

12.要问我们的目的是什么？我可以用两个字回答，那就是：胜利。不惜一切代

价夺取胜利，不顾一切流血恐怖夺取胜利。

Y ou ask, what is our aim? I can answer in on word. It is victory. Victory at all costs ― victory in spite of all terrors.

13.每年的美国职业篮球赛可以说是世界最好水平的比赛。世界各地很多人都喜

欢看这些比赛。

The annual professional basketball matches in America may be the highest level.

Many people in the world like watching them.

14.非常遗憾，由于我明天要临时出差，只好将原定的晚会改在八月二十二日（星

期三），时间不变。希望届时您仍能出席，并对因此而产生的不便表示歉意。

I am sorry, but I have to go away on business tomorrow, so I am afraid I have to

postpone our dinner party to Wednesday, 22 August, at the same hour. I do hope you can still come, and very much regret any inconvenience the postponement may cause you.

15. 在大多数的主要交叉路口，都有一幅街道的详图刻在人行道的石头上。只要你低头一看，就知道自己所在的位置了。

At most of the important crossings there is a plan of the streets cut into the stone of the sidewalk so that you can look down and see where you are.

16.他们对美丽的鲜花感到惊奇；他们对高高的蔚蓝的天空感到惊奇；他们对深

深的清澈海水感到惊奇。

They wondered at the beauty of the flowers; they wondered at the height and blueness of the sky; they wondered at the depth of the bright water.

17.受人崇敬的是专家；而多面手非但不受人钦佩，反而常常不为人所信服。

The specialist is venerated; the versatile person, far from being admired, is more often regarded with suspicion.

18.这种投资方法对我们合作双方来说,都有丰厚地经济回报.

I would say that this type of investment will yield fat economic returns for both

parties in our partnership.

19.美国教育部说最热门的专业是理科和管理。其次是社科专业，包括历史、社

会学、文学、公关和政治学。

The US Department of Education says the most popular area of study is science and management. Next is social science. This includes history, sociology, literature, public relations and political science.

20.商业广告在城市的以下公共财产上严禁张贴，如：布告栏、新闻橱窗、书报

摊、移动厕所、垃圾箱以及人行道两边的邮筒等。

Commercial ads are not allowed on facilities of public welfare, such as bulletin boards, newspaper columns, newsstands, movable lavatories, dustbins or pillar boxes alongside pedestrian streets in the city.

1.Health is above wealth, for this cannot give so much happiness as that.

健康比财富更重要，因为财富不能像健康那样给人以幸福。

2.Here great disturbances at the heart of the earth caused mountains and volcanoes

to rise above the water. For hundreds of years tiny coral creatures have worked and died to make thousands of ring-shaped islands called atolls （环礁）.

在那里，由于地心引力的剧烈干扰，一道道山脉，一座座火山升出水面。千百年来，微小的珊瑚虫在这里繁衍、死亡，形成了数不胜数的被称为环礁的环状岛屿。

3.Old lines and methods of communication do not work easily or efficiently with as

much information as we now have.

由于我们今天的信息太多，那些旧的通讯线路和方法已不能灵便有效地处理他们了。

4. Scarcely can any law be made which is beneficial to all; but if it benefits the majority, it is useful.

法律难顾及所有人，于大多数人有利足矣。

5.The water spread out for miles in places in Kenya and Somalia, cutting off

villages and forcing herders to crowd with their livestock onto a few patches of dry land.

在肯尼亚和索马里的某些地方，河水漫出河床，宽达数英里。洪水切断了村与村之间的联系，迫使牧民们和家畜挤在一起，困缩在一块块狭小的陆地上动弹不得。

6. The snow falls on every wood and field, and no crevice is forgotten; by the river and pond, on the hill and in the valley.

雪，在四处飘落着。雪花撒在树上，撒在田野里，撒在河边、湖畔、山上、

谷底——没有一条岩缝墙隙里不飘满雪花。

7. When his door opened they saw a slender man of more than average height with gleaming eyes and a face so striking that it bordered on the beautiful.

他的房门打开了。他们看到了一位身材修长的人，比普通人略高，目光炯炯，面貌引人注目，称得上清秀。

8. Parents’ love of children is perfect and minute.

父母爱子女无微不至。

9. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.

我希望自己能在工作中死去，我知道他人会继续我未竞的事业。想到我曾经竭尽全力地工作过，我就心满意足了。

10. There are in the main eight techniques and principles in translation, either from

English into Chinese or from Chinese into English. They are: diction, amplification, omission, conversion, inversion, negation, division and repetition.

不管是英译汉还是汉译英，主要有八条翻译技巧（和原则），即选词用字法，增译法，减译法，词类转移法，词序调整法，正说反译法，反说正译法，分译法和重译法。

11. 天下事有难易乎？为之，则难者亦易矣；不为，则易者亦难矣。

There is nothing difficult for us to do in the world. If we do it, the difficult thing will be easy; if we don’t, the easy thing will be difficult.

12. 书引导我们进入最优秀的社会群体，将我们带到有史以来最伟大的思想家面前。

Books introduce us into the best society; they bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived.

13. 我们现在的重点是怎样才能更好的利用太空飞行，这是航天飞机计划和国

际空间站的全部目的。

Our focus is now on how best we can use space flight. And that’s what the shuttle program and the International Space Station are all about.

14. 有人轻轻拍了拍我的肩膀。我放下正在批改的作业，抬头一看，原来是一

位身材矮小的老太太，她满脸皱纹，慈祥地微笑着。

Somebody tapped me on the shoulder and I looked up from the exercise books which I was correcting, into the lined, kind and smiling face of a little old woman.

15.为了吸引外资，深圳实施了税收减免，创建了极佳的基础设施，并且利用各

种社会联系从全国各地引进人才。

To attract foreign capital, Shenzhen has offered tax breaks, created a superb infrastructure, and taken advantage of various social contacts to introduce talented people from other parts of the country.

16.我选择主修会计学，原因不在于我喜欢这门课，而在于它能使我今后找工作

方便些。

I have chosen accounting as my major, not that I like the subject, but that it will

help me to find a job more easily in the future.

17.很多人都对外层空间感兴趣，他们认为探索宇宙是很重要的。然而，并不是

每个人都认为应该花钱进行太空研究。

Many people are very interested in outer space. They think that it is very important that we should explore the universe. However, not everyone thinks that we should be spending money on space research.

18.走遍美国，街上的食品摊点卖的都是同样的热狗、汉堡包、三明治、炸薯条

等等；无论你去哪，味道都一样。

All over America food stands on the street sell the same hot dogs, hamburgers, sandwiches, French fries, and so on; wherever you go the taste is the same.

18.

19. 一看到那棵大树，我便会想起童年的情景。

The sight of the big tree always reminds me of my childhood.

20. 他是一个伟大的、英明的、正直的政治家。心胸广阔，具有远见卓识，精

力充沛，富有魅力，举止高雅，待人真诚，深受人们爱戴。

He is a genuine statesman who is much loved and esteemed.

15.The overseas visitor must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and

involvement.

外国旅游者千万不要由于这种表面上看来缺乏兴致和含蓄的态度而感到扫兴。

16.The operation could not be launched before January, after my departure, and my

own conclusions on the matter were not decisive.

这个行动不可能在一月份以前、即我离任以前实行，所以我个人对这个问题的论断并不起决定性的作用。

17.But since a digital signal is made up of a string of simple pulses, noise stands out

and is easily removed.

但由于数字信号是由一组简单脉冲组成的，杂音不介入，因而容易排除。

18.“For the first time in human history, the problem of man’s survival has to do with

his control of man-ma de hazards,” Dr. Weinerman said.

韦纳曼博士说：“人类生存的问题在人类历史上第一次与人类控制各种人为的灾害发生了联系。”

19.In fact the US preference for financing government through Treasury bonds rather

than taxes may be holding the economy back.

美国喜欢通过发行国库券而不是征税来筹措资金，事实上，这会阻碍经济的发展。

20.A good way of ridding yourself of certain kinds of dogmatism is to become aware

of opinions held in social circles different from your own.

摆脱某些武断的看法的一个好办法，是了解一下不同于你的社会圈子里人们所持的见解。

21.If the newspapers want to have a large circulation number, they must be

informative, instructive, and entertaining.

如果报纸想得以大量发行，则必须有知识性、思想性和趣味性。

22.Making a practice of checking in with the insurance company in advance, no

matter what care you are receiving, could avoid a lot of heartache later on.

不管你接受的是什么治疗，预先经常去保险公司咨询可以避免许多苦恼。23.你可以说电视使人变得懒惰了，但同时电视也为人们提供娱乐。

Y ou can say that TV makes people lazy, but at the same time TV is entertaining.

24.毫无疑问他会抱怨，但这项决定无论如何要贯彻。

No doubt he will complain about it, yet the decision will be carried out anyway. 25.很精彩！我从未看过如此精彩的马戏特技。这果真是个很有名气的马戏团。

Wonderful! I’ve nev er seen such pretty trick riding before. This is a very popular circus group really.

26.请问贵公司是否需要一名美丽、有经验，负责任的女秘书兼速记员？

Perhaps there is a position in your organization for an attractive, experienced and conscientious secretary-stenographer?

27.非常遗憾，由于我明天要临时出差，只好将原定的晚会改在八月二十二日（星

期三），时间不变。希望届时您仍能出席，并对因此而产生的不便表示歉意。

I am sorry, but I have to go away on business tomorrow, so I am afraid I have to

postpone our dinner party to Wednesday, 22 August, at the same hour. I do hope you can still come, and very much regret any inconvenience the postponement may cause you.

28.蒸汽所占的空间为形成蒸汽的水的一千七百多倍。

Steam occupies more than 1,700 times as much space the water from which it comes.

29.为进行月面探测，人们一次又一次地发射火箭。

To explore the moon’s surface, rockets were launched again and again.

30.在他们的语言中，就有一些同时间有联系的词：时间可以安排、节省、浪费、

侵占、消磨和节减等。

In their language, there are words associated with time: time can be budgeted, saved, wasted, stolen, killed, and cut.

31.许多美国人对一生时间的短促相当敏感。他们要让每分钟都有价值。

Many American people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime.

They want every minute to count.

32.我们去东湖野生植物园吧。骑车30分钟就到了。那儿风景如画，还可以野

餐呢。

Let’s go to the Wild Plant Garden in the East Lake. It’s just 30 minutes’ riding.

The scene there is picturesque. And we can have a picnic there.

33.祝愿我们公司间的友好合作关系日益发展。

May the friendly relations and cooperation between your company and ours develop daily.

34.目前双方都不接受但还能容忍他们所处的现状，并把问题推迟到以后再说，

这就足够了。

For now, it is enough that the issue be postponed, with neither side accepting the status quo but with both sides living with it.

35.On the horizon are the remedies that may prove more promising.

有一些可能更被看好的疗法即将问世。

36.Observers are not surprised that business is flourishing despite the ominous

political situation.

尽管政治形势恶劣，观察家对经贸如此蓬勃发展并不意外。

37.The chances that a primitive creature secreted in this rock may survive such a

journey are beginning to look surprisingly good.

藏在这块岩石中的原始生物，在经历这样的旅程后仍存活的几率，看来是越来越高。

38.On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of

his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.

另一方面，批评家指责他尽管善于观察，但无法推理，对此，他并不接受且认为观点不成立。

39.I began my life as the son of immigrants, and with great efforts I worked my way

up to the presidency of the Ford Company.

我是作为移民的儿子来到人世的,凭自己的努力，一步步地当上了福特汽车公司的总裁.

40.He believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of

forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.

他相信，正是这种困难或许能够扬长避短，以使他能长时间专注的思考每一个句子；因此，使他能在推理中和自己的观察中发现自己的缺点。

41.A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today that it always

was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of adversity or distress.

一本好书可以成为你最要好的朋友中的一员。这种情况过去如此，现在仍是这样，将来也决不会改变。书是所有伴侣中最有耐心、最令人愉悦的一位。

它不会在我们身处逆境或悲伤痛苦时背弃我们。

42.Even the most precisely conducted experiments offer no hope that the result can

be obtained without any error.

即使是最精确的实验，也没有希望获得无任何误差的实验结果。

43.We have to live art if we would be affected by art.

如果我们希望受到艺术的熏陶，就应当艺术地生活。

44.打仗的策略同下棋可能有某些相似之处，但是如果把这两者之间的类比搞过

头了则是危险的。

Military strategy may bear some similarity to the chessboard but it is dangerous to carry the analogy too far.

45.持续的高失业率也会给其他国家的现有领导构成威胁，而且可能会在一些最

窘迫的国家引起暴乱。

Prolonged high unemployment will threaten the current leadership in other countries as well, and it could ignite violent upheavals in some of the most hard-pressed lands.

46.年轻，并非人生旅程中的一段时光，而是心灵中的一种状态。岁月可以在皮

肤上留下皱纹，但是热情的丧失却会在灵魂里留下痕迹。

Y outh is not a time of life; it is a state of mind. Y ears may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.

47.在这里,旅游者能欣赏到典型的江南水乡的景色---小桥,流水和房屋的和谐融

合.

Here, tourists can enjoy the typical riverside scenery of south China, which features a harmonious combination of small bridges, murmuring streams and dwellings

48.没有贵方的努力我们无法成功地达成合作协议.

Without your effort it would have been impossible for us to reach the successful conclusion of our cooperative agreements

15. 学生在每学期开学前几周选择课程。各大学为学生的主修专业和辅修专业开

设许多课程，这两类课程学生都得修。

Students choose their classes a few weeks before the start of each term.

Universities offer a great many classes in the students’ main area of study and in other areas as well. Students must take both.

16. 可怜的小女孩！饥寒交迫的她直打哆嗦，挪着步子向前走，一幅多么凄凉的

景象。

Poor little girl! Shivering with cold and hunger she crept along, a perfect picture of misery.

17.考试通常在期中或期末进行。期末考试尤为重要。有些课程，教授让学生写

论文或某项任务以代替考试。

Tests usually are given in the middle of the term and at the end. The final examinations are extremely important. In some classes, the professor asks the students to write a research paper or complete a certain task instead of taking a test.

18.她的朋友听到她家中的困难情况后，都主动伸出援助之手。

After her friends heard about her family difficulties, they offered her a helping hand.

19.由于年代久远，古城墙大部分已经倒塌。

Due to the passage of time, most of the ancient city wall has collapsed.

20.不但树林能为野生动物提供栖息之所，而且野生动物也能使树木茂盛起来。

Not only can a forest provide a home for wildlife, but wildlife can in turn make the trees and plants flourish.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1c7241693.html,puterized fitness programs with audio, visual, and cyber personal trainers are

ready to turn your home and treadmill into your own personal health club. 一些带有音频、图像和网络个人训练机的计算机化的健身程序随时可以使你的家

及单调的工作室变成自己的个人健身俱乐部。

50.The solar system originally had two watery worlds. Directly next door to warm,

wet, loamy Earth was the warm, wet, loamy Mars, both planets covered with oceans and running with rivers – and both possibly teeming with life. 太阳系里原本有两个多水的世界。与温暖、潮湿和遍布土壤的地球毗邻的火星，也曾经是一个温暖、潮湿和遍布土壤的星球。两个行星都覆盖着海洋，奔淌着河流，而且都可能充满了生命。

51.Such materials are characterized by good insulation and high resistance to wear.

这些材料的特点是绝缘性好，耐磨性强。

4. He experienced life and work as a jungle where it was eat or be eaten.

他体会到生活和工作犹如一座弱肉强食的丛林。

5. It has been proved that induced voltage causes a current to flow in opposition to the force producing it.

已经证明，感应电压使电流的方向与产生电流的磁场力方向相反。

6. As the clock crept toward 11:15 p.m. last Thursday, the 500 scientists and engineers packed into the control room and an adjacent auditorium at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (离子体物理实验室) kept their eyes riveted on a bank of computer monitors. .

上星期四，当时针悄悄地指向晚上11：15的时候，普林斯顿等离子体物理实验室控制室和毗连的礼堂里挤满500名科学家和工程师。他们不约而同地把目光聚集到一排计算机监视屏上。

7. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will not be unwelcome.

垂暮之人，倘能如此看待生命，也就不会不会惧怕死亡，因为他所关注的事业仍在继续。倘若精力日衰，疲劳日增，想要进入永恒的休息也许就不会那样无法接受了。

8.It really is incredible that in this day and age we should still allow hunting or

bull-fighting, that we should be prepared to sit back and watch two men batter each other to pulp in a boxing ring, that we should be relatively unmoved by the

sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames.

真是不可思议，在今天这样的时代，我们仍然容许狩猎或者斗牛。乐于坐在那里观看两人互相猛击，把对方打倒在拳击台上；看到一辆或数辆赛车相碰，变成火球而无动于衷。

9. There was no haste or restlessness in his manner but a poised friendliness.

他从容不迫，和蔼可亲。

10.一进大学，我感到思想上卸了一个包袱，我的同班同学也有同样的感觉，大

家都想放松一下。

As soon as I entered the university, I felt a big burden off my mind. So did my classmates.

11.苏州地处长江下游，气候温和，土地肥沃，湖泊密布，水道纵横。

Situated in the lower reaches of the Y angtze River, Suzhou is blessed with a mild climate, fertile soil and numerous lakes and waterways across the region.

12.数十亿年前，火星由于引力小，它的空气和水分全都散失掉了，致使这个星

球变成今天这样一个死寂、干冷的地方。Billions of years ago, the low-gravity Mars had both its air and water leak away, causing the planet to become the dead, freeze-dried place it is today.

13. 一些专家指出，对孩子夸奖过多可能会使其养成喜欢听顺耳话的习惯，结果表扬失去了本身的价值。

Some experts point out that too many praises help contribute to the habit of listening to what is pleasing to the ear, and consequently, the praise loses the intended value of its own.

14.许多人在谈到家的时候往往将它和某种气氛、某种环境及内心的某些情感态

度联系在一起。这种对家的依恋情感古已有之，代代相传。

A great many people, when they speak of home, tend to associate it with a certain

atmosphere, certain physical surroundings, and certain emotional attitudes within themselves. This sentimentality toward home is something that has come down to us from the past.

15.科幻小说能给我们许多有关未来进步的知识。它告诉我们科学会怎样改变我

们的生活，它帮助我们思考怎样能改善未来的生活。

Science fiction can teach us a lot about progress. It tells us about how science may change our lives. It helps us to think about how we can improve our lives in the future.

16.数百年前一小批中国人飘洋过海，他们有时是为了逃避战火，有时是为了逃

避自然灾害，如洪水、干旱或饥荒。

Small numbers of Chinese people found their way overseas many hundreds of years ago. Sometimes they were escaping war; sometimes they were escaping natural disasters, such as floods, droughts or famines.

17.技术专家和机器人专家说，在今后50年中，各种体力劳动将几乎全部由计算

机和机器取代或者因此而减轻。

Technology and robotics experts say the next five decades will see almost all physical work replaced or reduced by computers and machinery.

18.随着交通、通讯及其他生活设施逐步改善，人们的生活质量也会大大改善。

With the gradual improvement of communication and telecommunications and other facilities for living, the quality of people’s life will also improve greatly. 19.由于国内行情有变化，我们打算取消这种商品的订货。

We’d like to cancel the order for the goods because of the change in the home market.

20.几十年来，英语已经确立了国际交流语言的地位，将其作为第二语言或外语

学习的人数超过了其他任何语言。

English has for decades been established as an international language of communication. It is now more widely learnt as a second or foreign language than any other language.

科技英语翻译练习

科技翻译练习二 II: 汉译英 VR（虚拟现实）技术可广泛的应用于城市规划、室内设计、工业仿真、古迹复原、桥梁道路设计、房地产销售、旅游教学、水利电力、地质灾害、教育培训等众多领域，为其提供切实可行的解决方案。 在先进制造业领域，站在大飞机发动机的3D影像面前，“可任意拆卸”这个虚拟现实的强项表现得淋漓尽致。操作人员可以把虚拟发动机的许多部件逐一拆下，再进入发动机内部。“虚拟现实”实现了跨平台的交互式设计、虚拟展示、虚拟装配、CAE数据可视化等功能，大幅提高设计团队的设计效率，使研发人员能及时发现、修正设计缺陷和潜在的工艺问题，提高产品开发的制造成功率。 虚拟现实技术在教育培训领域也大有用武之地。为真实实验不具备或难以完成的教学功能创造条件。在涉及高危或极端的环境、不可及或不可逆的操作，高成本、高消耗、大型或综合训练等情况时，虚拟现实技术能提供可靠、安全和经济的实验项目。华东理工大学的G-Magic虚拟现实实验室，就是高校虚拟现实教学的一个范例。该实验室拥有CAVE洞穴式虚拟现实系统，可以把大学生设计的作品投影到墙面、天花板和地面上。比如，学生设计了一间淋浴房，他能利用这套系统把它展现在实验室里，和真实的淋浴房一样大小。营造出这种教学环境后，教师就能与学生更方便地交流各个环节的设计优劣，并随时做出修改。 企业的一些培训项目，同样离不开HYPERLINK "https://www.sodocs.net/doc/1c7241693.html,/view/7299.htm" \t "_blank" 虚拟现实 。以石油化工为例，众所周知，大型石油灌区集中了大量危险化学品，一旦操作不当，便可能引发火灾、爆炸事故，并造成环境污染等次生灾害。因此，政府和企业对大型石油灌区的安全性和操作人员的专业性提出了很高要求。虚拟现实技术可以构建储罐区应急救援及安全培训系统，它不但能向员工呈现操作流程的各种场景，引导他们学习、掌握安全操作技能，还能模拟事故发生、火光熊熊的场面，让员工在沉浸式虚拟影像中开展救援行动。 VR (Virtual Reality) technology can be widely used in many areas,such as urban planning, interior design, industrial simulation, historic restoration, design of bridges and roads, real estate sales, tourism, education, water power, geological disasters, education and training, and provide practical solutions. In the field of advanced manufacturing, standing in front of large aircraft engines of 3D image, The strengths of virtual -"can be arbitrary tear down" express thoroughly.The operators can put a lot of virtual engine parts one by one, and then into the internal engine.Virtual reality achieves many functions, such as,a cross-platform interactive design, virtual display, virtual assembly, and CAE data visualization capabilities, so it increase the team's design efficiency drastically, and researchers can find the corrected design flaws and potential process problems timely and improve product development manufacturing success rate. Virtual reality technology is also very useful in the field of education and training.It creates conditions for the real tests which are not available or difficult to complete the teaching function.When it refers to high-risk or extreme environments, inaccessible or irreversible operation, high cost, high consumption, large or comprehensive training, etc., virtual reality technology can provide reliable, safe and economical experimental projects.G-Magic Virtual Reality Lab of East China University is an example of virtual reality in University Teaching.The lab has a CAVE virtual reality of cave system and college students’design work can be projected onto the walls, ceiling and floor.For example, the student designed a shower room, he can use the system to show it in the laboratory as the same size as the real

西南交通大学历年工程力学期末考试试题

西南交通大学2008－2009 学年第(1)学期考试试卷B 课程代码 课程名称 工程力学 考试时间 120 分钟 题号 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 总成绩 得分 阅卷教师签字: 一. 填空题(共30分) 1.平面汇交力系的独立平衡方程数为 2 个,平行力系的最多平衡方程数为 2 个,一般力系的最多平衡方程数为 3 个;解决超静定问题的三类方程就是 物理方程 、 平衡方程 、 几何方程 。(6分) 2.在 物质均匀 条件下,物体的重心与形心就是重合的。确定物体重心的主要方法至少包括三种 积分 、 悬挂 与 称重或组合 。(4分) 3.求解平面弯曲梁的强度问题,要重点考虑危险截面的平面应力状态。在危险截面,可能截面内力 弯矩 最大,导致正应力最大,正应力最大处,切应力等于 零 ; 也可能截面内力 剪力 最大,导致切应力最大,切应力最大处,正应力等于 零 。作出危险截面上各代表点的应力单元,计算得到最大主应力与最大切应力,最后通过与 许用 应力比较,确定弯曲梁就是否安全。(5) 4.某点的应力状态如右图所示,该点沿y 方向的线应变εy = (σx -νσy )/E 。(3分) 5.右下图(a)结构的超静定次数为 2 ,(b)结构的超静定次数为 1 。(2分) 6.描述平面单元应力状态{σx ,σy ,τxy }的摩尔圆心坐标为 (σx +σy ),已知主应力σ1与σ3,则相应摩尔圆的半径为 (σ1-σ3)/2 。(3分) 7.两个边长均为a 的同平面正方形截面,中心相距为4a 并对称于z 轴,则两矩形截面的轴惯性矩I z ＝ 7a 4/3 。(5分) 8.有如图所示的外伸梁,受载弯曲后,AB 与BC 均发生挠曲,且AB 班 级 学 号 姓 名 密封装订线 密封装订线 密封装订线 σx σy

科技英语翻译考试题目

Part I: Translate the Chinese in the brackets into English. (15%) 1. ____________________(爱因斯坦相对论)is the only one which can explain such phenomena. 2. Rate of penetration was found to ____________________ (与……成正比) the net pressure applied by the tool. 3. Being a ______________(非良导体/绝缘体), rubber is often used in cables. 4. Properly speaking, ___________(并非所有的物质) exist in three states. 5. An electric current produces ______________(磁场) around it. 6. With the result of automation, productivity has ___ ___________ (增加了5倍) in that factory. 7. Copper and aluminum are the best conductors of electric current ______________(仅次于银). 8. The neutron has __________________(既不带正电荷，也不带负电荷). 9. When the water temperature is increased, it vaporized more quickly until it reaches ________（沸点）. 10. A __________(变压器) is a very useful device, even though it can be sued only with alternating current. Part Ⅱ: Choose the better rendition for each of the following sentences.(20%) 1.由于我在会上发表论文，如蒙介绍有关会议的详细情况，不胜感激。 A) Because I will deliver a thesis at the conference, I shall appreciate it very much if you could introduce to me the detailed condition of the meeting. B) As I will present a paper at the conference, I will be grateful if you could supply me with detailed information about the meeting. 2. 西安附上我提供会议的论文，题目是“动物克隆在中国”，一式三份，如果要发电子邮件以转录软盘，我可以立即发出。 A) I am enclosing herewith my paper of the topic of “Animal Cloning in China” one form in three B) I am enclosing, in three copies, my paper entitled “Animal Closing in China” for the conference. If req uired, I can send an e-mail for the disk right away. 3．核能发电，是在20世纪才发展起来的新事物。不幸的是，建立和维持核发电厂的成本很高，使得建设速度要比原先预料的慢许多。---中国的第一座核发电厂，是于20世纪后期建立在深圳，靠近香港。 A) Using nuclear energy to generate electricity is a new thing developed in the 20th century. What is unfortunate is that the costs of building and maintaining a nuclear power plant are very high, making the speed of construction much slower than previously predicted. ----China’s first nuclear power plant was built in the late 20th century at Shenzhen near Hongkong. B) The production of nuclear power is a new development of the 20th century. Unfortunately, the high costs of building and maintaining a nuclear power plant have led to a much slower rate of growth than was predicted. -----China’s first nuclear power plant was built in the late 20th century at Shenzhen near Hongkong. 4. 不少科学家论证说，三国演义里所说的“木牛流马”，可能是一些有相当复杂性的机器，其工作原理可说类似于今天的某些器械装置。 A) Quite a few scientists say by reasoning that the “wooden cows, running horses” described in the Romance of the Three Kingdo ms could be rather complex machines whose working principles can be said to be like certain mechanical devices of today. B) Quite a few scientists argue that the “wooden cows, running horses” described in the Romance of Three Kingdoms could be machines of sufficient complexity working on principles supposedly similar to certain present-day mechanical devices. 5. 摘要：本文简单叙述和分析了本实验室最近对猪流感病毒所作的两次实验的成果。 A) Abstract: The results of two experiments on swine flu virus are briefly described and analyzed. B) Abstract: this article simply states and analyzes the results of two experimental tests this laboratory recently performed in the research on swine flu virus. 6. 珠江三角洲在中国的南部，气候良好，交通系统效率高，一向工农业都在快速发展。 A) The Pearl River Delta is to the south of China. It has a nice weather and a highly efficient communication system. Both of its industry and agriculture

实用科技英语翻译-期末考试复习题

2009-2010学年第2学期 《实用科技英语翻译》期末考试题型和复习题 I Answer the following questions related to EST Translation (30’)（2个题） 1. What’s the definition of EST (English of Science & Technology)? EST (English for Science & Technology or Technical English or Scientific English) is a special language variety widely used in the fields of science and technology. It’s believed that it first came to being in the 1950s along with the rapid development of science and technology, and it many researchers and scholars began to conduct investigation of this common feature of this special genre including reading comprehension, writing and even translation. 2. What are stylistic features of EST? Completely different from other genres such as everyday English, literature English, EST has its own stylistic features due to the specialty in content, field and discourse functions, and partly due to the unique habits of EST writers, which are mostly represented in lexical level and syntactical level. 3. What are the general features of Compound Technical Terms? A. accuracy（确切性）: accurately reflect the nature of the concept B. monosemy（单义性）: one sense for one word C .systematization（系统性）:the individual technical terms in a given field should be in a specific level so as to constitute a common system D. linguistically correct（语言的正确性）: in accordance with the word-formation in the same language E. conciseness（简明性）: concise and easy to remember F. motivation（理据性）: just as the name implies, one can know the meaning of the word.

科技英语翻译的原则_方法及技巧.

翻译是把一种语言里已经表达出来的事物用另一种语言准确流畅地进行重新表达的过程。与其他题材的文章相比,科技专业文章在内容、表达形式和风格上有很大的差别,具有科技性强、专业性强、逻辑严密、表达要求简练的特点,在翻译上力求准确全面、严谨明确和通顺简练。 1科技英语翻译遵循的基本原则 从科技文章的特点来看,大多具有以下几个特征:述说事理、逻辑性强、结构严密、术语繁多,语言严谨、数据精确。这就要求译文必须概念清楚、条理分明、逻辑正确、数据无误,尤其对定义、定律、公式、图表、结论等更应特别注意。科技英语作为特殊英语的一个分支,在词汇构成、遣词造句等方面都有其自身的特点,其语法结构不十分严密、语言习惯和汉语也有不少差别、词汇量大、词语繁多,因此科技英语翻译起来比较困难。另外,科技文章比较重视叙事逻辑上的连贯及表达上的明晰与畅达; 避免行文晦涩,避免表露个人感情,避免论证上的主观随意性。因此,科技英语翻译力求少用或不用描述性形容词以及具有抒情作用的副词、感叹词及疑问词,而是大量使用科技词汇、专业技术用语,译者应尊重客观事实,不能随意改动数据、回避不易翻译的文字,更不能加进自己的主观想象,进行自由翻译。 我国著名翻译家严复提出的“信、达、雅”三准则一直为不少翻译工作者所接受。 “信”指的是译文要忠实于原文,“达”是指译文的通顺达意,“雅”指的是译文的用词修辞。三准则体现了译文和原文信息等值这一基本要领。 “信、达、雅”的翻译准则对各种英语文体的翻译实践都具有指导意义,是衡量一篇译文好坏的标准,也同样适用于科技文献的翻译。由于科技文章特有的文体特征,与其他类文章相比,其“达”和“雅”的内涵不同,它要求在准确传达信息的基础上,使译文更加简洁明快,流畅通顺。2科技英语翻译的基本方法

西南交大科技英语翻译期末考试复习题答案

1.Here great disturbances at the heart of the earth caused mountains and volcanoes to rise above the water. 这里，由于地心的剧烈活动，使山脉和火山升出水面。 2.After the Australian Taxation Office made its taxation forms simpler, it actually received praise from taxpayers who could finally understand it. 澳大利亚税务局将其表格文字简化后，受到了纳税人的广泛称赞，因为他们终于能看懂这些表格了 3.Although people are born to win, they are also born helpless and totally dependent on their environment. Winners successfully make the transition from total helplessness to independence, and then to interdependence. Losers do not. 虽然人们生来要成功，然而，他们同样生来就是无助的，完全依靠环境。成功者成功地从完全不能自立过渡到了独立，然后过渡到相互依靠。失败者则不然。 4.Darwin was convinced that the loss of the tastes in music and drawing was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character. 达尔文认为，失去对音乐和绘画方面的兴趣，不仅失去了幸福，而且还可能损伤智力，甚至可能会伤害道德。 5.No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks. 中餐桌上最神奇,最有特色的用餐工具莫过于筷子. 6.It is not on the shores of continents, nor in the coastal islands, however, that the soul of the great Pacific is found. It lies far out where the fabled South Sea Islands are scattered over the huge ocean like stars in the sky. 然而，浩瀚的太平洋最精美之处不在其大陆海岸，也不在沿海诸岛，而是在远离陆地的海域。在那里，富有神奇色彩的南太平洋诸岛像天上的繁星一样散布在广阔的海面上。 7.Circumstances and people are constantly changing. Some friendship last “forever”; others do not. 环境与人都在不断地改变。有些友谊地久天长，有些则如昙花一现。

《科技英语翻译》课程练习十六

《科技英语翻译》课程练习十六 一、将以下指示与说明文体译成汉语 1. Important safety instructions 1) AC extension cords are not recommended for use with this product. If an extension cord must be used, be sure it is an approved type and has sufficient current-carrying capacity to power this product. 2) NEVER operate this product with any covers removed. 3) NEVER wet the inside of this product with any liquid. 4) NEVER pour or spill liquids directly into this unit. 5) NEVER block air flow through ventilation slots or heat sinks. 6) NEVER bypass any fuse. 7) NEVER replace any fuse with a value or type other than those specified. 8) NEVER attempt to repair this product. If a problem occurs, contact your local retailer. 9) NEVER expose this product to extremely high or low temperatures. 10) NEVER operate this product in an explosive atmosphere. 11) ALWAYS keep electrical equipment out of the reach of children. 二、将以下某款前置放大器使用说明译成汉语 1) DISPLAY INTENSITY BUTTON Cycles among four levels of brightness (including “off”）for the display, allowing adjustment for various ambient lighting conditions. When “off”, the display will turn on for a few seconds whenever a setting is changed. When used in conjunction with certain compatible ABC components, this button will control the display intensity of all lin ked components. (For more information, see “Linked Functions.”) 2) MODE INDICATORS Three LEDs give visual confirmation of the Operational Mode the preamplifier is in at any moment. 3) MODE BUTTON Cycles among the three primary Operational Modes of the preamplifier: Monitor (the source being listened to); Record Select (the source being provided to the Record Outputs); and Balance (the relative volumes of the Left and Right channels). Confirmation of these operating modes is given by the Mode Indicators below the

工程力学教程(西南交通大学应用力学与工程系著)课后答案下载

工程力学教程(西南交通大学应用力学与工程系著)课后答 案下载 《工程力学教程》是xx年07月高等教育出版社出版的一本图书，作者是西南交通大学应用力学与工程系。以下是由关于工程力学教程(西南交通大学应用力学与工程系著)课后答案下载地址，希望大家喜欢! 点击进入：工程力学教程(西南交通大学应用力学与工程系著)课后答案下载地址 本书是教育科学“十五”国家规划课题研究成果,根据“高等学校工科本科工程力学基本要求”编写而成,涵盖了理论力学和材料力学的主要内容。 本书共18章,包括静力学基础、平面汇交力系、力矩与平面力偶系、平面一般力系、重心和形心、内力和内力图、拉伸和压缩、扭转、弯曲、应力状态分析和强度理论、压杆的稳定性、点的运动、刚体的基本运动、点的复合运动、刚体的平面运动、质点的运动微分方程、动力学普遍定理、动静法。本书在讲述某些概念和方法的同时,给出了相关的思考题,供课堂讨论之用。本书具有很强的教学适用性,有助于培养工程应用型人才。 本书可作为高等学校工科本科非机、非土类各专业中、少学时工程力学课程的教材,也可供高职高专与成人高校师生及有关工程技术人员参考。 第1章静力学基础

1-1静力学中的基本概念 1-2静力学公理 1-3约束和约束力 1-4研究对象和受力图 习题 第2章平面汇交力系 2-1平面汇交力系合成与平衡的几何法 2-2平面汇交力系合成与平衡的解析法 习题 第3章力矩与平面力偶系 3-1关于力矩的概念及其计算 3-2关于力偶的概念 3-3平面力偶系的合成与平衡 习题 第4章平面一般力量 4-1力线平移定理 4-2平面一般力系向一点简化 4-3分布荷载 4-4平面一般力系的 看过“工程力学教程(西南交通大学应用力学与工程系著)课后答案下载”的人还看了： 1.水力学教程第三版黄儒钦主编课后习题答案西南交大出版社

科技英语翻译试题2套

1 答案请写在答题纸上。 Part one: Sentence Translation(30%) 1.为此，必须对电路(circuit)的基本内容有一个很好的了解。 2.这个系数(coefficient)有待确定。 3.现有的教科书均没有提这一点。 4.由于反馈(feedback)在电子线路(electronic circuit)中起着重要作用，所以对它的研 究极为重要。 5.有迹象表明，计算机的价格将进一步下跌。 6.这个方法的确管用，不过到底该在什么情况下使用它尚不清楚。 7.十年前该厂的产量比现在高五倍。 8.激光(laser)是二十世纪六十年代引入的一项新技术，它能穿透(pierce)特别硬的物质。 9.为使晶体管(transistor)正常工作，必须给其电极(electrode)加(apply)上合适的电压 (voltage)。 10.代表磁场(magnetic field)的磁力线(magnetic line of force)是一些围绕该导线的同 心圆(concentric circle)。 11.我们所谓的机器人(robot)实际上是能为人类做工的一种工具。 12.这类天线(antenna)和那类天线相比的优点是结构简单，效率高。 13.半导体(semiconductor)对光和热都很敏感(sensitive)，这两者都对导电率 (conductivity)影响很大。 14.只有通过对系统性能进行研究我们才能了解其优缺点。 15.本书既讲了实际的设计方法，同时也讲述了理论问题，而重点放在一般概念上。 Part two: Mistakes Correction(30%)(Write down the corrected sentence on the answer sheet. ) 1. We are easy to determine the effect of new drug to patient. 2. The direction of an electric current was decided before electrons were not discovered. 3. Sound travel much less faster than light is. 4. The price for this instrument is expensive. 5. There are a few exceptions for this rule. 6. The hotter the body will be, the more it radiates energy. 7. The feature of this device is small in size and light in weight. 8. That professor is very interesting in this topic. 9. Our semiconductor industry comes into being at the end of 1950s. 10. The both engineers are busy to design a type of new computer. 11. Work equals to force multiplying distance. 12. The new design instrument is in good quality. 13. The ability for some elements to give off radiations is referred as the

科技英语翻译练习

一．句子翻译练习；英译汉 1. It is forbidden to dismantle it without permission so as to avoid any damage to its parts. 严禁乱拆,以免损坏该设备的零件。 2.All living things must, by reason of physiological limitations, die. 由于生理上的局限, 一切生物总是要死亡的。 3. The removal of minerals from water is called softening. 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。 4.Gene piracy is not new. 窃取基因不是新鲜事。 5.All plants and animals need carbon for growth. 所有的动植物均需要碳才能生长。 6. Failure to fix these symbols in mind keeps students from mastering the mathematical subjects they take up. 由于未能记住这些符号,使得许多学生无法掌握他们选修的教学课程。 7. This higher cost is not entirely due to the shape of the part, or the use of a more expensive metal. 成本教高不完全是由于部件的形状,也不是由于使用的金属比较昂贵。 8. A chicken is a suitable specimen for the study of the general external features of a bird. 鸡是研究禽类外部特征的合适范例。 9. The flow of electrons is from the negative zinc plate to the positive copper plate. 电子从负的锌极流向正的铜极。 10. As a ship is loaded, it sinks deeper into the water, displacing an additional amount of water equal to the weight of the added load. 船装了货吃水更深,其排开的附加水量等于所装货的重量。 11.Non-mobile robots, capable of learning to perform an industrial task and then of being left to perform it tirelessly, are even now in use in industrial plants all over the world. 不能行走的机器人能学会做工,并能孜孜不倦地工作,今天在世界各地的工厂里得到了使用。 12.The result of the invention of the steam engine was that human power was replaced by mechanical power. 蒸汽机发明的结果是, 机械力代替了人力。 13.Agricultural technique spreading centers have been set up everywhere in that province, helping farmers to do their work in a more scientific way. 该省已普遍成立了农技推广中心,帮助农民以更加科学的方法种田。 14.When two bodies oscillate at the same frequency, they are said to be in resonance. 当两个物体以相同的频率震动时, 我们说它们处于共振状态。 15.Temperature is changed quickly from room temperature to 125℃and is held there for at least 15 minutes. 使温度很快从室温升到125℃, 并至少保持15分钟。 16.After sealing the header is cleaned and then the leads are clipped to the desired length. 封焊后把管座清洗干净,然后把引线剪到所需长度。 17.The damage caused by acid rain can be alleviated by adding lime to lakes, rivers and streams and/or their catchments' areas. 往湖泊、河流和溪流及(或)它们的集水区中撒石灰,可以减轻酸雨所造成的损害。

西南交通大学历年工程力学期末考试试卷

y = x - y ）右下图(a)结构的超静定次数为结构的超静定次数为 1 。(2分) 描述平面单元应力状态x , y , xy }x +y )，已知主应力1 和3 ，则相应摩尔圆的半径为1 - 3 )/2 两个边长均为的同平面正方形截面，惯性矩I z ＝(5分) 有如图所示的外伸梁，AB = BC 班 级 学 号 姓 名 σx σy

二．分析计算题（70分） 1．绘出低碳钢的应力－应变拉伸曲线，说出低碳钢拉伸经历的四个阶段以及卸载定理的意义。(15) (略) 2．如图1所示平面构架由直杆AC、AD及直角折干BED在A、B、D处用铰链连接而成，已知P=2kN，各构件自重不计。试求铰A、B及固定端C的约束反力。(10) P 图1 解：画出AD杆及整体的受力图。（受力图3分，AD方程与结果3分，BED二力杆1分，整体与结果3分）对AD杆： 对整体

3．作如图所示梁的剪力图和弯矩图。（10分） 4．等截面实心圆轴的直径d＝100mm，受力如图5所示。已知轴材料的许用剪应力 []＝60MPa。要求：①作轴的扭矩图；②校核轴的强度。(15) （1）正确作出扭矩图者3分（图的要素正确， 坐标，单位，阴影，正负号表示） （2）各杆段扭矩计算结果正确者3分 （3）最大扭矩M max正确 2分 （4）知道采用公式max<[τ]，者4分 （5）知道可以根据M max 求出max，虽不知道公式（尚未学过）可奖励2分，知道者奖励4分。 图3 图2

5．如图所示T形截面梁的弹性模量E=200GPa,求梁中心截面的最大的截面切应力max。（10分） Z轴距离底部260mm ＝(320*80*160+320*80*360)/(320*80*2) y c Iz=Iz1+Iz2 =80*320^3/12+320*80*(260-160)^2 +320*80^3/12+320*80(320-260+40)^2 图4 =320*80(320^2/12+80^2/12+100^2+100^2) 6．已知图示圆杆直径d、材料的弹性模量E 、比例极限p，求可以用欧拉公式计算临界应力时压杆的最小长度l min。 (10分) l 图5

西南交大科技英语翻译复习题解析

科技英语翻译复习题 1.To transmit electromagnetic waves takes energy. 传送电磁波需要能量。 2.Chemical control will do most of things in pest control. 化学防治能在病虫害防治中起主要作用。 3. It is not until wires are connected that the path is completed. 直到导线连上以后，此电路才连通。 4. The odds are heavily against any man being able to do the work in the field of abstract theory that Einstein is doing. 对任何能从事爱因斯坦正在进行的抽象理论研究的人来说，条件都是极为不利的。 5. Oscillator design is of an art rather than an exact science. 与其说振荡器的设计是一门严谨的科学，不如说它是一门艺术。 6. A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed. 发现迅速减少到1/7。 7. Birds and animals which hunt at night have eyes which contain few or no cones at all, so they cannot see colors. 凡是在夜间觅食的飞禽走兽，因为眼睛中的视锥细胞数量极少或根本没有，所以不能辨别颜色。 8. Tsunami is sometimes powerful enough to destroy a coastwise building it strikes 海啸有时威力很大，足可催毁它所冲击的沿岸的建筑物 9. Not everybody is convinced the Leaning Tower of Pisa really can be saved. 并非每一个人都相信比萨斜塔真的能够免于坍塌。 10. Every crane has a certain lifting capacity, ranging from a few tons to many hundreds of tones. 每台起重机均有一定的起重力，该起重力从几吨到几百吨不等。 11. The best solution is to continue to reduce all sources of pollution affecting our atmosphere 最好的办法是继续减少影响大气层的各种污染源。 12. Quantum chemistry is still in its infancy. 量子化学仍处于发展初期。 13. It is these drawbacks which need to be eliminated and which have led to the search for new processes. 正是因为这些缺点需要加以消除，才导致了对新方法的探求。 14. Real-time systems often need extraordinary precautions to guard against possible breakdown of the computer. 实时系统往往要特别小心，以防止计算机发生故障。 15. The steam engine uses a fire in a boiler rather than inside the engine. 蒸汽机所利用的是锅炉中的火，而不是发动机里边的火。 16. The principal advantage of the products is a two-fold reduction in weight 这些产品的主要有优点重量减轻了1/2 17. Our primary purpose in studying fatigue is to understand why failures occur so that we can guard against them in an optimum manner. 我们研究疲劳的目的在于了解产生失效的原因，以便能以最佳的方式加以预防。 18. This system will build on the knowledge and experience gained in developing the existing suite of software products. 这个系统的基础是从开发现有的成套软件产品中所获取的知识和经验。 19. All metals do not conduct electricity equally well 并非所有的金属导电性能都同样好。 20. It means that the mass of the comet cannot have amounted to as much as one ten-thousandth of that of the earth. 这表明这颗彗星的质量甚至不到地球质量的万分之一。 21. Inspection programs help to determine when to replace parts.