星载InSAR影像配准及正射校正技术研究
Abstract
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(InSAR)technology obtains high-precision digital elevation model and derivative data products by extracting the phase information of the image. It has all-time, all-weather, and large-area features, and is widely used in many fields as terrain mapping, military reconnaissance, and disaster monitoring. It occupys an important position in the fields of national economic construction and national security.
In this paper, we focus on InSAR data processing methods for satellites, and study the two aspects of InSAR complex image registration and SAR orthorectification. The research content mainly includes:
（1）Based on the analysis of three common registration measure functions for InSAR complex image registration, an adaptive registration algorithm model based on DEM (Digital Elevation Model) is constructed. The algorithm can flexibly select registration by calculating the slope information of the registration area. The measure function solves the problem of low accuracy of registration due to the single selection of the measure function under complex terrain. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than other algorithms.
（2）The RD (Range Doppler Model) positioning model is proposed based on the positive solution orthorectification method. This algorithm which combines the forward solution orthorectification algorithm with the indirect orthorectification algorithm. The correction results show that in addition to eliminating the “hole” pixel, it also effectively compensates the geometry of the pre-corrected image, such as overlaid shadows and shadows. The corrected image is in good agreement with the Google image in the same area and achieves an ideal orthorectification effect.
（3）Using VS2010 as a development platform, combining the C++ language to implement the algorithms of Chapters 3 and 4 .usingA large number of measured data verify the accuracy of the registration algorithm and the orthorectification algorithm. The results show that the DEM-based adaptive registration algorithm obtains a registration image with an azimuth accuracy of 0.0269 pixels and a distance accuracy of 0.0398 pixels, which fully satisfies the image interferometric requirements. The accuracy of the corrected image obtained by the
indirect orthorectification algorithm based on the RD localization model is about 0.8 pixels, and the correction result is good.
Key words:InSAR Technology, Complex image registration, Orthorectification, TerraSAR
目录
第一章绪论 (1)
1.1 InSAR技术的研究背景及意义 (1)
1.2 InSAR数据处理技术研究现状及意义 (3)
1.2.1 InSAR复影像配准算法研究现状与意义 (5)
1.2.2 SAR影像正射校正算法研究现状与意义 (6)
1.3 论文的研究内容与结构安排 (7)
第二章星载InSAR技术原理 (9)
2.1 InSAR成像原理 (9)
2.2 星载InSAR获取DEM流程 (11)
2.3 本章小结 (13)
第三章星载InSAR复影像配准算法研究 (15)
3.1 引言 (15)
3.2 配准测度函数 (15)
3.2.1 相关系数法 (15)
3.2.2 频谱极大值法 (16)
3.2.3 最小平均波动函数法 (17)
3.3 配准测度函数性能对比 (18)
3.4 基于DEM的自适应配准算法研究 (21)
3.4.1 基于DEM的坡度信息提取 (21)
3.4.2 基于DEM自适应配准算法设计 (25)
3.5 InSAR复影像配准流程 (26)
3.5.1 几何配准 (26)
3.5.2 粗配准 (26)
3.5.3 精配准 (28)
3.5.4 粗差点探测剔除 (29)
3.5.5 影像重采样 (32)
3.6 实验与分析 (34)
3.7 本章小结 (37)
第四章SAR影像正射校正算法研究 (39)
4.1 引言 (39)
4.2 星载SAR对地定位原理 (40)
4.3 坐标系统及其转换规则 (41)
4.4 SAR成像参数介绍 (43)
4.5 正解正射校正法 (44)
4.5.1 拟合卫星轨道状态矢量 (45)
4.5.2 RD模型构建及解算 (48)
4.5.3 算法实现过程 (50)
4.6 基于RD定位模型的间接正射校正法 (52)
4.6.1 算法实现过程 (53)
4.7 实验与分析 (55)
4.8 本章小结 (57)
总结与展望 (59)
参考文献 (61)
致谢 (65)