英汉互译实践与技巧1--13单元汉译英部分原句+答案

Unit 3

1. 他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质量。

In his speech he laid special stress on raising the quality of the products.

2 采用这种新装置可以大大降低废品率。

The adoption of this new device will greatly cut down the percentage of defective products.

3社会主义革命的目的是为了解放生产力。

Socialist revolution aims at liberating the productive forces.

4 他们一不会做工，二不会种地，三不会打仗。

They do not know a thing about factory work, nor about farm work, nor about military affairs.

5 语言这个东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功不可。

The mastery of language is not easy and requires painstaking efforts.

6在全国文明礼貌月中，所有城市必须搞好卫生，清除混乱和不礼貌现象。

During the National Civic Virtues Month, all the cities must clean up, and banish disarray and discourtesy.

7. 现在有一些值得注意的现象，比如以权谋私，化公为私。对这些事情，当然要批评和法办。

At present there are certain phenomena which warrant our attention. For instance, abusing power for personal gains, and appropriating public property for personal use. Of course, this sort of thing should be criticized and be subjected to legal punishment.

8 中国人民百年以来不屈不挠，再接再厉的英勇斗争，使得帝国主义至今不能灭亡中国，也永远不能灭亡中国

Thanks to the Chin ese people’s unrelenting and heroic struggle during the last hundred years, imperialism has not been able to subjugate China, nor will it ever be able to do so.

9 对外国的科学，技术，文化，不加分析地一改排斥，和不加分析地一概照搬，都不是马克思主义的态度，都对我们的的事业不利。

Neither the indiscriminate rejection of everything foreign,whether scientific, technological or cultural, nor the indiscriminate imitation of everything foreign,

has anything in common with the Marxist attitude, and neither in any way benefits our cause.

10 中国已成功发射了第一颗通信卫星。这颗卫星是由三级火箭推动的，一直运转正常。它标志着我国在发展运载工具和电子技术方面进入了一个新阶段。

The successful launching of China’s first experimental communications satellite, which was propelled by a three- stage rocket and has been in operation ever since, indicates that our nation has entered a new stage in the development of carrier rockets and electronics.

Unit 4

1，请把这张表填一下，填完给我。

Please fill in this form, and give it to me when you have finished.

2 要提倡顾全大局。

We should advocate the spirit of taking the whole situation into consideration. 3, 吃饭防噎，走路防跌。

While eating, take heed that you do not choke. While walking, take heed that you do not fall.

4 送君千里，终有一别。

Although you may escort a guest a thousand miles, yet must the parting come at last.

5 一个篱笆三个桩，一个好汉三个帮。

A fence needs the support of three stakes; an able fellow needs the help of three other people.

6 天气寒冷，河水都结冰了。

It was so cold that the river froze.

7 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。

While the prospects are bright, the road has twists and turns.

8理论联系实际，这是我们应当牢记的一条原则。

That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind.

9 天气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。

With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently.

10 年满十八岁的公民，都有选举权和被选举权。

All citizens who have reached the age of eighteen have the right to vote and to stand for election.

Unit5

1 他一开口总是三句不离本行。

He can hardly open his mouth without talking shop.

2 每条河流都有上游，中游，下游。

Every river has its upper, middle and lower reaches.

3 他把事情一五一十地都给父母讲了。

He told his parents the whole story exactly as it had happened.

4 人们利用科学去了解自然，改造自然。

People use science to understand and change nature.

5 我们必须培养分析问题解决问题的能力。

We must cultivate the ability to analyze and solve problems.

6 这些新型汽车速度快，效率高，行动灵活。

These new cars are fast, efficient and handy.

7多年来那个国家一直存在严重的失业现象。

For many years there has been serious unemployment in that country.

8 新老干部要互相学习，互相帮助，取长补短。

Old and new cadres should learn from and help each other, to make up for each other’s deficiencies.

9 中国人民历来是用于探索，勇于创造，勇于革命的。

The people of China have always been courageous enough to probe into things, to make inventions and to make revolution.

10 生也好，死也好，我们要忠于党，忠于人民，忠于祖国。

Live or die, we should be loyal to our Party, to our people and to our motherland.

11 我昨天没有进城，一来是因为天气不好，二来是我不舒服。

I didn’t go to town yesterday both because of the nasty weather and the fact that I was not feeling myself.

12 独立自主，自力更生，无论过去，现在和将来，都是我们的立足点。

Independence and self- reliance have always been and will always be our basic stand.

Unit6

1 直到昨天我才知道他住院了。

I did not know that he was hospitalized until yesterday.

2 我们必须清楚地了解所有牵涉到的问题。

We must get a clear understanding of this things concerned.

3 他们的部队，水陆并进，及时抵达前线。

Their troops advanced by both land and water, and arrived at the front in time.

4 这次大会充分发扬了民主。大家心情舒畅，生动活泼。

The conference had given full expression to democracy. The atmosphere has been lively and the delegates have enjoyed ease of mind.

5 他穿过马路，左顾右盼，害怕撞到过往的车上。

While crossing the street, he looked right and left, afraid that he might run into some passing car.

6 只有听党中央指挥，调动一切积极因素，才能顺利实现四个现代化。

Only by following the instruction of the Party Central Committee, and mobilizing all positive factors, can we successfully realize the four modernizations.

7 丰收年多积累一点，灾荒年或者半灾荒年就不积累或者少积累一点。

Accumulate more in good years and less or none in years when the crops half fail or totally fail.

8 所有这些成就，标志着我国全面建设小康社会道路上又迈出坚实的一步。

All of these achievements show that China has taken another solid step forward on the road of building a moderately prosperous society in all aspects.

9 这所大学现有计算机科学，高能物理，激光，地球物理，遥感技术，遗传工程等六个新建的专业。

This university has 6 newly established faculties, namely, Computer Science, High Energy Physics, Laser, Geophysics, Remote Sensing, and Genetic Engineer.

10 除陆地外，中国有470多平方公里的广大的海域，渤海，黄海，东海，南海四海相连，环绕着中国的东部和东南部海岸。

The Chinese mainland is flanked by the Bohai, the Yellow, the East China and the South China seas in the east and southeast, with a total water surface of more than million square kilometers.

Unit7

1 他开车时心不在焉，几乎闯祸。

His absence of mind during the driving nearly caused an accident.

2 工作没有经验，出点差错，在所难免。

Slips are scarcely avoidable when you’re new to your work.

3 会议开得冷冷清清，有时甚至开不下去了。

The meetings were marked by such an absence of lively discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up.

4 那城市及周围的地方是不冻港和无核区。

That city and the areas around it are an ice- free port and a nuclear-weapon free zone.

5 他只顾自己，不顾别人，使得大家很生气。

His lack of consideration for the feelings of others angered everyone present.

6日子很快过去了，她做工作却丝毫没有放松。

The days passed quickly, but she worked as hard as ever.

7 她没有同伴，独自一人坐在车厢一角动也不动。

Traveling alone, she was sitting still in the concern of the people.

8 我们的人民解放军无愧于伟大的人民军队的称号。

Our PLA is worthy of being called a great army of the people.

9任何事物都有两点，说只有一点叫‘知其一不知其二’。

There are two aspects to everything; to say there is only one is to be aware of one aspect and to be ignorant of the other.

10即使没有新的主意也可以，就是不要变，不要使人们感到政策变了。

It doesn’t matter much whether we can come up with new ideas. What matters is that we should not change our policies and should not make people feel that we are changing them.

11 科学家们在会上庄严地保证说；‘我们决不辜负党和人民对我们的期望”.

The scientists made a solemn pledge at the conference, saying, ‘we will for ever live up to what our Party and the people expect of us.’

12如果分析不当，造成误解，就会变得谨小慎微，不敢解放思想，不敢开放手脚，结果是丧失时机，犹如逆水行舟，不进则退。

If we fail to analyze it properly and to understand it correctly, we shall become overcautious, not daring to emancipate our minds and act freely. Consequently, we shall lose opportunities. Like a boat sailing against the current, we must forge ahead or be swept downstream.

Unit8

1 旅客请在此填写‘报关表’。

Passengers are requested to fill in ‘Customs Declaration Forms’ here.

2刚才有人在这里讲了一些不该讲的话。

Some things were sail here just now which should not have been said.

3他准备给我一份工作，这使我大吃一惊。

I was astounded that he was prepared to give me a job.

4那个男孩受了重伤，医院立即把他收下了。

The boy who was seriously injured was immediately admitted into the hospital.

5采取‘一国两制’适合中国国情，并非权宜之计。

‘One country, two systems’ has been adopted to suit China’s conditions and is not an expedient measure.

6 有朝一日家庭将由安装在地下室的笑星反应堆供热。

The time will come when homes will be heated from a small reactor in the basement.

7很抱歉，因为雨太大，参观博物馆得推迟到明天了。

I’m very sorry to say the visit to the museum has to be put off till tomorrow because of the heavy rain.

8请全系师生于星期三下午二时在会议室集合，听报告。

All teachers and students of the department are requested to meet the conference room at 2:00 . on Wednesday to hear a speech.

9如果连锁反应不受控制，一直进行下去，就会引起一场大爆炸。

If the chain reaction went on without being checked, it could cause a great explosion.

10. 利用一架显微镜，就可以看到集成电路被分离和被测试的情况。

With the help of a microscope you can watch the integrated circuits being separated and tested.

11 如果资本主义在港台得不到保障，哪里的繁荣与稳定就不能维持，和平解决问题也就不可能了。

If the capitalist system is not guaranteed in Hong Kong and Taiwan, prosperity and stability there cannot be maintained and a peaceful settlement will become impossible.

12 还设计了另外一些设备，能将噪声分解成该噪声的各种不同发音响频率，并能记录不同频率的音响度。

Other equipment has been devised which is able to break down the noise into various sounds frequencies and record the loudness at different frequencies.

Unit 10

1 全世界的科学家都在寻找净化空气，防止空气收到各种有害工业废气污染的有效方法。

Scientists everywhere in the world are looking for the efficient methods to make the air clean and protect it from pollution by all kinds of harmful industrial waste gases.

2 一个不怕困难，百折不挠，坚持到底的科学工作者一定会在科研工作中取得光辉的成就。

A scientist will surely achieve great successes in his work if he braves all difficulties, keeps on working and perseveres to the end.

3 在我们肉眼看来似乎精致不动的一杯水中，却又数不清的水分子正在进行着大量无规则热运动。

Although the water in a glass looks to be totally motionless to our naked eyes, a great deal of disorderly thermal movement of its countless molecules is going on inside.

4 在中国民族的几千年的历史中，产生了许多的民族英雄和革命领袖。所以，中华民族又是一个有光辉革命传统和优秀历史遗产的民族。

During the thousands of years of recorded history, the Chinese nation has given birth to many national heroes and revolutionary leaders. Thus the Chinese nation has a glorious revolutionary tradition and a splendid historical heritage.

5 这些曾经转战南北，身经百战的精兵强将为发展祖国的钢铁事业，今天有在这里精心设计，精心施工。他们勇敢地克服了一个又一个的困难，艰难地攀登了一个又一个新的台阶。

Today, in o rder to develop the country’s iron and steel industry, those veterans, who have fought countless battles, are doing meticulous design and construction work. They have bravely overcome many obstacles one after another and climbed up against difficulties and hardships to new steps again and again.

6 我们不但要有一个农林牧副渔布局合理，全面发展，能够满足人民生活和工业发展需要的发达农业，还要有一个门类齐全，结构合理，能够暗组社会消费和整个国民经济发展需要的先进工业。

We not only need a developed agricultural system with a rational distribution and all-round development of farming, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production and fishery, meeting the needs of the people’s life and expanding industry, but also an advanced system which is complete in range and rational in structure and which meets the needs of consumers and the expansion of the whole national economy.

7 改良人类现有生存条件与创造新的生存环境相结合的原则，现实性和未来的或然性相结合的原则，以及科学高度专门化和科学互相依赖相结合的原则，是受过科学学和未来学理论思想熏陶的科学家在研究工作中所必须遵守的。

Scientists imbued with the theories of scientism and futurology should follow three principles in their research work, namely, the combination of improving present existing conditions of human beings with creating their new existing environment, the integrating of reality with future probability, and the linking of a high level of scientific specialization with scientific interdependence.

Unit 11

1 活到老，学到老。

One is never too old to learn.

2 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。

How can you catch tiger cubs without entering the tiger’s lair?

3 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。

While there is life, there is hope.

4 以其人之道，还治其人之身。

Deal with a man as he deals with you.

5 屋内悄无一人，只听见钟在滴答滴答地走。

No one was in the room; only the ticking of a clock could be heard.

6 突然钻出一只狗，追着她咬，几乎把她吓糊涂了。

Suddenly a dog began to chase after her, scaring her almost out of her wits.

7 一有问题就去解决，不要等问题成堆了才去做一次总解决。

Whenever a problem crops up, tackle it righ t away; don’t let problems pile up and then try to settle them at one go.

8 厂里有一条制度，每天夜里各单位都要有一名干部值班。

It is the rule in this plant that there must be one cadre on night duty in each unit.

9 认识落后，才能改变落后。学习先进，才有可能赶超先进。

Backwardness must be recognized before it can be changed. One must learn from those who are more advanced before he can catch up with and surpass them.

10 当然，随着实践的发展，该完善的完善，该修补的修补，但总的还要坚定不移。

Of course, as the reform progresses, some of these policies should be improved or amended as necessary. But we should keep firmly to our general direction.

11港内水域宽阔，水深浪静，万吨轮船通行无阻，5万吨轮船可以乘潮自由进出。

In its inner harbor, the broad and wide seawater is calm and deep. Vessels of 10000 tons can enter or leave the port with ease and 50000-ton freighters can call at or depart from the port with the flood tide.

Unit 12

1.我厂生产的112 和 145电冰箱，造型美观，质量可靠，噪音小，好电少，使用方便安全。The refrigerators of 122 and 145 liters manufacture by our plant are noted for their graceful styles, reliable quality, low noise, low power consumption, easy operation and safety.

2.当前我们迫切需要有一股装备优良、人员齐备、按照安全保护原则、本着一丝不苟精神建立起里的先进核能实验室。

A well-equipped and well-manned nuclear-energy lab is badly needed at present. Such a lab, of course, must be advanced in technology and built in accordance with the principle of security and protection as well as in the spirit of meticulous discretion.

3. 本厂已有35年身缠丝绸服装的历史，其产品远销全球50多个国家和地区。完全真丝，质量上乘，做工精细，款式新颖，光滑柔和，耐洗耐晒，永不褪色，舒适高雅，女士必备，如欲购买，尽快联系。

We have been engaged in silk garment trade for 35 years. The products find a ready market in 50 countries and regions. They are made of high quality pure silk, soft and smooth, an easy fit in the latest style. Fast to washing and sunlight, the silk garment is a must for ladies of good taste. Send today for more information.

4. 本厂产品质量稳定可靠，深受用户欢迎。从1979年以来，获纺织部和省市奖的产品共达84种。我们将遵循“质量第一”、“用户至上”的原则，热忱地为用户服务。

Our product has a stable and reliable quality and is widely accepted by customers. Of all the products produced by the mill,84 sorts have been awarded prizes of various kinds by the Ministry of Textile Industry, the province and the municipality respectively since adhering to the principle of “Quality First” and “Customer First”, we will offer best service to our customers.

5. 知识分子是工人阶级中掌握科学文化知识较多的一部分，在改革开放和现代化建设中有着特殊重要的作用。能不能充分发挥广大知识分子的才能，在很大程度上决定着我们民族的盛衰和现代化建设的进程。

Intellectuals are member of the working class who has a better scientific and general education than others. They have an especially important role to play in the reform, the opening up and the modernization drive. Whether we do or not give full scope to their abilities will determine, to a considerable degree, the prosperity or

decline of our nation and the success or failure of the drive of modernization.

6. 历史业已证明，人类对资源的认识、开发和利用，以及利用资源制造生产工具的能力，是社会生产力发展水平的重要标志，也在一定程度上决定了一定的社会基本结构和发展形态。

History has proved that men’s understanding of natural resources and his tpping and utilizing of them, as well as his capability of making tools of production to make use of these sources, are very important signs to indicate the developing level of social productive forces. And to some extent, these, too, have decided the basic structure and developing pattern of a given society.

7.信息技术是在微电子、计算机和现代通讯基础上发展起来的一门高科技，具有信息采集、传输、处理和信息服务等一系列功能。现今已能在一片8英寸的芯片上集成5亿个电子元件，其宽度仅为微米；微机的信息处理速度已达每秒近亿次以上；计算机虚拟技术将大大拓宽信息技术应用的范围。

Information technology is a hi-technology developed on the basis of

micro-electronics, computer and modern communication technology, with the function

of information collection, transmission, procession and service, etc. Nowadays 500 million electron elements can be integrated on a chip of 8 inches, each with width of merely micron; the processing speed of the computer may be as fast as nearly 100 million times per second ；the virtual technology of the computer will greatly widen the scope of the application of information technology.

8.提高我国的科技水平，必须坚持独立自主、自力更生的方针。但是，独立自主不是闭关自守，自力更生不是盲目排外。科学技术是人类共同创造的财富。我们不仅仅因为今天科技落后才需要向外国学习，即使我们的科学技术赶上了世界先进水平，也还要学习人家的长处。

In order to raise China’s scientific and technological level we must persist in the policy of independence and self-reliance .But independence does not mean shutting the door to the world, nor does self-reliance mean blind opposition to everything foreign. Science and technology are part of the wealth created in common by all mankind. It is not just today, when we are scientifically and technologically backward, that we need to learn from others. Even after we catch up with the most advanced countries, we shall have to learn from them in areas where they are particularly strong.

新四级汉译英段落翻译技巧

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211重点大学英语专业：翻译实践报告

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2. 中国将努力促进国内粮食增长，在正常情况下，粮食自给率不低于95%。 02 英汉语言结构对比和翻译中的转换 形合转为意合 英译汉——形合转为意合 1 在英译汉时，要摆脱原文形合结构的束缚，尽可能采用意合方法，才能符合汉语的表达习惯，使译文流转自如，明白晓畅。 另外，英语中除了多用关联词外，还有其他连接手段，包括通过词的形态变化表示各种语法概念。 泰特勒（Alexander Fraser Tytler）对“好的翻译”所下的定义是：“原作的长处完全移注在另一语文里，似的译文文字所属的国家的人能明确地领悟，强烈地感受，正像用原作的语文的人们所领悟的，所感受的一样” 实例分析 2 ① Some delighted films made by the late Dr. Arnold Gesell of Yale University show little creatures who can barely talk investigating problems with all the zeal and excitement of explorers, making discoveries with the passion and absorption of dedicated scientists.(Gilbert Highet, The Pleasure of Learning ) 由已故的耶鲁大学阿诺德·盖塞尔博士拍摄的几部有趣的电影表明，还没学会说话的小家伙们竟以探险家般的热情和兴奋来探究问题，以热诚的科学家们那种激情和专注来进行研究发现。 （句中 made by 构成过去分词短语作定语，修饰 films，两个现在分词investigating 和 making 则与宾语 creature 一起构成复合宾语。汉语中的动词没有词形变化，因此在汉语中就不必分谓语动词和非谓语动词）

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汉译英翻译技巧 一、分清主从(Subordination) 汉语句中各分句关系比较松散，所以在动笔前应认真分析句子要旨所在。句中重点往往在后。英译时，要突出重点或主句，其他部分可分别用介词短语，非谓语动词形式或各种从句表示。 1、没有农业，人们就不能生存，社会生产就不能继续下去。 Without agriculture, people cannot exist, neither can social production proceed. 2、他们一听到“反霸”就火冒三丈,这充分暴露了他们那霸权主义的蛮横嘴脸。 The fact that they fly into a rage at a mere mention of the expression“anti- hegemony”is enough to reveal their true colours as a domineering hegemonists. 3、有人以为社会主义就了不起，一点缺点也没有，哪有这个事? Some believe that socialism is just perfect, without a single flaw. How can that be true? 4、但是，象我们常说的那样，道路总是曲折的，前途总是光明的。 But as we have often said, while the road ahead is tortuous, the future is bright. 二、选词用字（Diction） 在汉译英时应特别注意选找与原文中在意义上和风味上尽可能都类似的词语。 1、每个民族都有它的长处，不然它为什么能存在？为什么能发展？ Every nation has its own strong points. If not, how can it survive? How can it progress? 2、树雄心，立壮志，向科学技术现代化进军。 Foster lofty ideals, set high goals and march forward for the revolution of modernization of science and technology. 3、我国的社会主义建设，需要一个和平的国际环境，需要一个国内安定团结， 天下大治的局面。 For its socialist construction, China needs an international environment of peace and a domestic situation of stability, unity and great order. 4、论技术，她那时还不如我，但思想却比我高得多。 Professionally she was then not yet my equal, but ideologically she was head and shoulders above me. 三、增益（Ampification） 汉译英时的“增益”技巧的运用,有时是为了使英美人理解原文的精确含义,有时是为了遵循英语的行文习惯。 1、交出翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修改的地方。这样才能把工作做好。 Before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there anything in it to be corrected or improved. Only then can you do your work well. （英语行文时人称代词，物主代词用得较多） 2、她挑水，生炉子，洗东西，忙个不停。 Fetching water, building the fire, washing --- she had her hands full every minute. (增益为了意译) 3、他们一听说有新任务，就坐不往了。