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新编大学英语Unit2课文翻译及课后练习答案资料

新编大学英语Unit2课文翻译及课后练习答案资料
新编大学英语Unit2课文翻译及课后练习答案资料

Unit 2 Myths and Legends

In-Class Reading Why the Tortoise’s Shell Is Not Smooth

为什么乌龟的背壳凹凸不平

1 从远处他妻子们的那些小木屋里传来的低声细语,时不时地被歌声打断,但是奥康瓦还是听到了,这是妻子们同各自的孩子在讲民间故事。爱克蔚菲和她的女儿爱金玛坐在一块小地毯上。现在,轮到爱克蔚菲讲故事了。霎时,低声细语静了下来,所有的眼睛都转向她们最喜欢的故事能手。

2 “很久以前”,她开始讲道,“所有的鸟儿都被邀请到天上赴宴。它们非常高兴,开始为这盛大的日子做准备。它们用颜料把自己的身体涂成深红色并画上漂亮的图案。

3 “乌龟看到了所有这些准备活动,并很快了解了事情的来龙去脉。动物界里发生的任何事都逃不过他的眼睛,(因为)他狡黠无比,诡计多端。他一听说这一天上的盛宴,不禁垂涎三尺。那些日子正在闹饥荒,乌龟已经有两个月没好好吃一顿饭了。他的身体就像一段枯柴棍在空荡荡的躯壳里咔咔作响。于是他稳扎稳打地开始计划如何能到天上去。”

4 “但是他没有翅膀呀,”爱金玛说。

5 “别性急,”她母亲回答道,“故事(的关键)就在这里。乌龟没有翅膀,但他去找鸟儿们,请求能跟他们一起去。”

6 “‘我们太了解你了,’鸟儿们听了他的请求后说道。‘你诡计多端并且忘恩负义。如果我们答应你,你马上就会施展诡计。我们老早就把你看透了。’

7 “‘你们不了解我,’乌龟说。‘我已经脱胎换骨了,不再是你们以前所知道的那个捣蛋鬼了。相反,我现在既体贴又善良。我已经认识到,给别人制造麻烦的人就是在给自己制造麻烦。放心吧,我保证不给你们增添任何麻烦。’

8 “乌龟巧舌如簧,没过多久,所有的鸟儿都一致认为,他确实已经脱胎换骨了,于是每只鸟儿都给了他一根羽毛,用这些羽毛,乌龟做了两只色彩绚丽的翅膀。

9 “最后,这盛大的日子终于来到了,乌龟第一个到达了集合地点。等所有的鸟儿都来齐了,他们就一块儿动身。乌龟飞在鸟儿们中间,非常高兴,而且由于他擅长演说,很快就被推选为大伙儿的发言人。

10 “‘有件重要的事我们绝不能忘记,’他在飞行途中说道。‘当人们被邀请参加类似于这样的盛宴时,要特意给自己取个新名字。天上的主人们一定也希望我们能遵循这一古老习俗。’

11 “鸟儿们谁也没听说过这一习俗,但他们知道,尽管乌龟在其它方面不怎么样,却到过许多地方,知晓不同民族的风俗习惯。于是他们每人都取了一个新名字。等他们全都取好了,乌龟也取了一个。他的新名字叫‘你们大家’。

12 “最后群鸟飞到了天上,那儿的主人们见到他们非常高兴。乌龟穿着他那五彩的羽衣,起身对主人们的邀请深表谢意。他的讲话如此得体,所有的鸟儿都很庆幸把他带了来,对他所说的一切都点头赞同。主人们把他当成了鸟儿们的国王,尤其是因为他看起来有那么点儿与众不同。

13 “精选出来的各种果仁呈上来吃完之后,天上的人们在客人们面前摆上了乌龟从未见过或梦到过的美味佳肴。汤刚从炉子上烧好就连着罐子热气腾腾地端上来了,里面全是肉和鱼。乌龟开始很响地嗅气。有甜薯泥以及用棕榈油和鲜鱼一起煮成的甜薯汤,还有一坛坛棕榈酒。等所有的菜肴在客人们面前摆好后,有一位天上的人走上前来,把每样菜肴都尝一口。然后他请鸟儿们进餐。但这时乌龟一跃而起,问道:‘你们是为谁准备的这个宴会?’

14 “‘为你们大家啊,’那个人回答道。

15 “乌龟转向鸟儿们说:‘你们该记得,我的名字就是“你们大家”。这儿的习俗是先请发言人吃,然后才轮到其他人。我吃完以后,他们会请你们吃的。’

16 “他开始大吃起来,鸟儿们则私下里生气地抱怨着。天上的人还以为把所有的食物让国王吃是鸟儿们的习俗。就这样,乌龟吃掉了最好的食物,还喝了两坛棕榈酒,于是酒足饭饱了,他的身体胀得胖鼓鼓的,把整个龟壳都撑圆了。

17 “鸟儿们围拢来吃些残羹剩饭,啄着他扔在地上的骨头。有一些鸟儿气得什么都没吃,他们宁可空着肚子飞回去。但是离开前,每只鸟儿都向乌龟要回了各自借给他的那根羽毛。乌龟站在那儿,身上只剩了一个硬壳,里面满是佳肴美酒,却没了可飞回家的翅膀。他请求鸟儿们捎个口信给他的妻子,但被大家拒绝了。最后,最生乌龟气的鹦鹉,突然改变了主意,同意替他带个口信。

18 “‘告诉我的妻子,’乌龟说道,‘把家里所有软的东西都拿出来,铺在地上,这样我就可以从天上跳下去,而不至于摔伤了。’

19 “鹦鹉满口答应一定把这个口信带到,然后窃笑着飞走了。然而,当他飞到乌龟家时,却告诉乌龟的妻子把家里所有硬的、尖的家伙都拿出来。于是乌龟的妻子就尽心尽责地把丈夫的锄头,刀子,长矛,枪甚至他的大炮都搬了出来。乌龟从天上往下看,看到他的妻子正往外搬东西,但相距太远了看不清是些什么。当一切似乎都已准备妥当时,他就纵身一跳。他掉啊,掉啊,掉,直到他开始担心自己会这样一直不停地掉下去。然后,他重重地摔到了地上,那声响就跟他的大炮轰鸣一样。”

20 “他死了吗?”爱金玛问道。

21 “没有,”爱克蔚菲回答说。“他的背壳摔成了好几百块碎片。不过,那附近有一个医术高明的行医者。乌龟的妻子就派人把他请来,这位行医者把所有的碎片捡拢来,粘在一起。这就是为什么乌龟的背壳凹凸不平的原因了。”

After-Class Reading Beauty and the Beast

美女与野兽

1 从前有一位非常富有的商人,他有六个孩子,三个儿子和三个女儿。他满足女儿想要的一切,但是,除了小女儿,两个大女儿都非常自高自大,被宠坏了。小女儿名叫“美女”。她既美丽又温柔,两个姐姐为此嫉妒得不得了。

2 在一个倒霉的日子里,商人得知自己损失了所有的钱,全家人被迫从城里的豪宅搬到乡下一个小房子去住。三个儿子立即帮助父亲张罗外面的琐事。可怜的美女,向来都是仆人照料她的起居。现在她不得不在日出前起床,生火、做饭、打扫屋子。但是她很快适应了这种生活。她说:“哭不会改善现状。我必须努力让自己快乐起来。”然而,她的两个姐姐则每天睡到正午,并且还为美女不像她俩一样痛苦而生气。

3 一年后,这位父亲收到一封信,告知他有一艘失综的船已被找到,并已满载货物而归。全家人都很高兴,因为他们又要变得富有了。在商人离家前,两个大女儿恳求父亲给她们带回各种各样珍贵的首饰和漂亮衣服。“那么我的美女想要什么呢?”父亲问道。“哦,我什么都不需要,但是如果您能带给我一朵玫瑰,我会非常感激的,”她说。当然,美女并不需要玫瑰,只是她想,为了不使自己看上去似乎在批评两个姐姐的贪婪,她最好得要点什么。

4 商人来到了港口,但是天哪,船已经沉没了,结果他依然贫穷如前。回家时他在森林里迷了路,并且天开始下起雪来。“我会冻死的,或者被狼吃掉,再也看不到我亲爱的孩子们了,”他伤心地想着。突然,他看到一所富丽堂皇的豪宅,里面灯火通明。他敲了敲门,但

没人答应。他走进去,却发现壁炉里炉火正旺,一张桌子上摆满美味佳肴。他等了很长时间,等着主人露面,但是没有人来。他饿极了,于是他最后(忍不住)吃了一点食物。然后他找到一间卧室,并很快在那儿睡着了。第二天早晨他惊讶地发现一套崭新的衣服摆在他面前,一顿新做的早餐等着他去享用。“这儿一定是仙女们住的城堡,”他想,因此他大声喊了声“谢谢你们”,然后离开了。他惊讶地看到雪已经消失得无影无踪,面前有一个可爱的花园,里面长满了玫瑰花丛。“我只摘一朵玫瑰,给我的美女,”他说,但当他折下玫瑰时却听到了一声很可怕的声音。他看到一头丑陋的怪兽对他说,“忘恩负义的人!我救了你的命,你却偷我的玫瑰来报答我。你必须死!”但是商人乞求野兽看在他孩子们的份上不要杀他。野兽在听说了美女和她要求得到一朵玫瑰的故事之后似乎有了兴趣。“那么你必须叫她到这儿来代替你。给你三个月的时间。回家去,如果她不愿来,那你必须回来。但是我不会让你空着手离开的。到你房间去,你会发现一箱金子,”野兽说。“好吧,如果我必须得死,至少我不会让我的孩子们身无分文,”这位父亲想,于是他带着一箱金子回到了家。

5 “给,美女,”他说,“给你这朵玫瑰。你不知道这朵玫瑰将怎样使你不幸的父亲丢掉性命。”于是他把遭遇野兽的事说了一遍。

6 美女立刻坚持要去野兽家,以此来救她父亲一命,而且不愿听任何劝阻。在离开家的那一天,她的姐姐们用洋葱抹眼睛,为她的离开并且很可能丢掉性命而假装悲伤。

7 当商人和美女到达那所宫殿时,灯火依旧通明。火旺旺地烧着,桌子上摆满了精美佳肴。“哦,野兽想先把我养肥了再杀死我,”美女想。尽管害怕,为了父亲她仍然表现得振作而又勇敢。突然他们听到一个可怕的声音,野兽出现了。“你是心甘情愿到这儿来的吗?”野兽问。“是的,”美女哆嗦着说。“好,那就和你的父亲道别吧。”悲痛欲绝的商人就这样被迫离开女儿回家了。

8 美女肯定野兽会在那天晚上把她吃掉。(因此)当她发现卧室门的上方有一块刻着“美女房间”的金牌子时非常惊讶。房间里到处是华丽的家俱,书架上排列着所有她爱看的书。还有一架钢琴供她弹奏。在有一本书里还写着:

欢迎美女,不要害怕,

你是这儿的王后、这儿的主人。

说出你的愿望,说出你的意愿,

你的心愿,马上就会实现。

9“这一切都这么豪华,我想野兽不会很快吃掉我的,”她说,于是她不太害怕了。

10 第二天晚上野兽来到餐桌前说,“美女,让我看着你吃饭,好吗? 如果我在场会打扰你,我就离开。告诉我,你是否觉得我很丑?”美女说,“是的,”因为她不会说谎,但她补充说:“但我认为你心地非常善良。”他们交谈着,美女开始感觉镇定多了。这时,野兽说,“美女,你愿意嫁给我吗?”尽管美女不想让野兽生气,但她还是说,“不愿意”。野兽开始哀号并且伤心地说,“那么,再见,美女,”然后离开了。

11 三个月的时间里,每天吃晚饭时都发生同样的事情。美女开始期待这些见面,而且因野兽的丑陋所引起的恐惧感也消失了,但是每天晚上,在离开之前,野兽都问同样的问题:“美女,你愿意嫁给我吗?”

12 “哦,野兽,我要是能同意嫁给你就好了。我会永远把你当作我很要好的朋友,但是我并不爱你。”

13“但是你能答应永远不离开我吗?”野兽问。

14“哦,野兽,我非常担心我亲爱的父亲,我也非常想他。”

15“啊,那你会离开我,而我这个野兽会伤心死的。”

16“哦,不,”美女说道,“如果你让我去看望我父亲一次,我一定会回来和你永远生活在一起。”

17 “你明天就会在家里了,”野兽说。“但是记住,当你想回到我这儿时,你必须在上床睡觉前把戒指放在桌子上。”

18 第二天早晨,当美女醒来时,发觉自己已在父亲家里,而且房间里满是一箱箱的金子和漂亮高雅的绸缎礼服,都是野兽送给她的。除了两个狠心的姐姐,所有人见了她都十分高兴。两个姐姐嫉妒难耐,却装作非常高兴,请求妹妹能住多久就住多久。第十天晚上美女做了一个梦,梦中她看见野兽躺在花园里,快要死了。她从梦中哭醒过来。“哦,我多么忘恩负义啊!他长得丑陋是他的错吗? 他一直对我那样温和,那样慷慨。原先我为什么不同意嫁给他呢?”于是她下床,把戒指放到桌上,然后又回到床上睡着了。第二天早晨醒来时她已在野兽的城堡里了。她穿上最漂亮的礼服,等待野兽到来。晚饭过后,野兽仍然没有露面,这时她想起了那个梦,急忙跑到花园里,发现野兽躺在地上,就要死了。她俯身伏在他身上,抱着他大哭。“哦,野兽,请不要死!活下来做我的丈夫。”她一说完这些话,只见眼前光芒闪耀,还有音乐声,她看到的不是丑陋不堪的野兽,而是她所能见到的最英俊的王子。王子被一个邪恶的女巫用可怕的符咒把他镇住,美女把它解除了,王子向她表示感谢。接着,出现了一位拿着魔杖的仙女,然后是美女的全家人。仙女微笑着说,“美女,你做了一个聪明的选择,(因为)你选取了美德而不是美貌。从今以后,你要和王子一起幸福地生活了。”然后仙女转向美女的两个姐姐说,“你们两个满心嫉妒的人,你们将变作两个石像但却仍具有思考能力。你们将站在美女城堡的门前,看着她每天幸福地生活,直到你们死去的那一天,这是对你们的惩罚。”

课内阅读练习答案

Part One Preparation

1. An Argument about the Sun

Sample

1) Both the children are wrong. The sun gives out almost the same amount of heat at any time of

the year. We feel sometimes it is hotter, and sometimes it is cooler only because the angle between the sunlight and the surface of the earth varies constantly.

That the sun seems bigger at daybreak is an optical illusion. When it appears on the horizon, only a small part of the sky is bright enough to be seen against it. This makes the sun seem bigger. But when it’s high up in the sky, it seems smaller with the huge br ight sky against it.

That it is cooler in the morning than at midday is not because of the change of the distance between the sun and the earth. It is because of the change of the angle between the sunlight and the surface of the earth. We don’t feel v ery hot in the morning because less sunlight is received per unit of area when the angle is smaller. But as time passes, more and more sunlight per unit of area penetrates the atmosphere and reaches us, so we feel hotter at midday.

2) Confucius was kno wledgeable, but not a genius. We can’t expect him to know everything.

Everyone has his or her limitations. Another reason is that at that time science was not as developed as it is today and people didn’t have advanced equipment to do research on the sun and the earth. So it was difficult to understand or explain many natural phenomena.

3) ―I think Confucius was honest. He didn’t pretend to know the answer.

―No one is perfect. One may be an expert in one field, but a novice in other fields.

―The ch ildren were very curious, a good quality of theirs. But they only saw one side of the phenomenon and then jumped to conclusions. One should consider different aspects before drawing any conclusions.

―Children seldom pretend. They do what they want and th ey say what occurs to them. The two children in the story laughed at Confucius because he could not answer their questions though he was supposed to be a wise man. Adults are less likely to do these kinds of things.

2.Chinese Fables

Three at Dusk and Four at Dawn

In the state of Song there was a man who was very fond of monkeys and kept a large number of them. He could understand the monkeys and they could understand him. In order to satisfy the monkeys’ demands, he reduced the food co nsumption of his family.

After a while his family did not have enough to eat, so he wanted to limit the food for his monkeys. But he was afraid the monkeys would not submit to him. So he played a trick on them.

“If I give you three chestnuts in the mornin g and four in the evening, would that be enough?” he asked the monkeys.

All the monkeys rose up in a fury.

After a short time he said, “If I give you four chestnuts in the morning and three in the evening, would that be enough?”

All the monkeys lay on the floor, happy and satisfied with this proposal.

Moral of the story:

I think that we can learn two things from the story. First, we should look at the whole picture

when we are dealing with a problem, instead of just one side of the problem. If we can’t have

a whole view of the problem, we might be fooled by something superficial and can never find

the truth. Second, we should be consistent in what we are doing. We should not change our attitude, manner or method from time to time when we are doing a particular job.

His Spear Against His Shield

In the state of Chu there was a man who had a spear and a shield for sale. He was loud in praises of his shield.

“My shield is so strong that nothing can pierce it through.”

He also sang praises of his spear.

“My spear is so strong that it can pierce through anything.”

“What would happen,” he was asked, “if your spear is used to pierce your shield?”

He was unable to give an answer.

It is impossible for an impenetrable shield to coexist with a spear that finds nothing impenetrable.

Moral of the story:

This story tells us that we should be logical in what we are talking about. One can not

exaggerate too much what he is capable of. Otherwise, he will be laughed at by others. Moreover, one should be honest with other people.

A Matter of Dignity

There was a great famine in the state of Qi. Qian Ao, a rich man in Qi, prepared food by the roadside for the hungry to come and eat.

Along came a starving man, his sleeves covering his head, his hempen (麻制的) sandals held together by string, walking as if he did not know where he was going. With food in his left hand and drink in his right, Qian Ao shouted at him.

“Hey you! Come and eat!”

The man looked up and stared at Qian.

“I’m reduced to this state just because I refuse to take anything from loud-mouthed(高谈阔论的, 叽里呱啦的)people giving away food,” he said.

Qian immediately begged his pardon but the man still refused to eat and eventually starved to death.

Moral of the story:

Dignity is more important than anything else. One may lose his life but not his dignity. Today, so many people, in order to reach certain positions or win some titles, give up their conscience or dignity. On the other hand, everyone should respect other people, poor or rich. Only when we are full of respect for other people will we earn other people’s respect. Then the whole society will be in harmony.

3. Matching Pictures

1. Aphrodite 7. Poseidon

2. Ares 8. Athena

3. Hephaestus 9. Apollo

4. Artemis 10. Hermes

5. Demeter 11. Hera

6. Dionysus 12. Zeus

Extra exercise:

Bedtime Stories

Directions: Of all the bedtime stories your grandparents or parents told you when you were a little child, which one was the most interesting? Share your favorite story with the

other members in your group.

Sample

Long long ago there were two brothers. The elder brother was rich, but the younger brother was poor. They made a living by cutting wood in the forest. One day when the younger brother was crossing a bridge, his iron axe fell into the water. He was very sad and began to cry. At that time an old man appeared. After he knew what happened, he dove into

the water and brought a silver axe to the younger brother, but the younger brother said, “No, this isn’t mine. Mine is made of iron.” Again the old man dove into the water, and brought a gold axe to him. But again he said this wasn’t his. The old man was very happy with this because the younger brother was honest and not greedy. So he gave the younger brother the gold axe.

After the younger brother got home, he told all this to his elder brother. On hearing the story the elder brother went to the same bridge and dropped his iron axe into the water. The old man appeared too and dove into the water after knowing what happened. He brought a silver axe to the elder brother, but the elder brother said this wasn’t his, his was a gold one.

The old man was very unhappy and brought him a gold axe unwillingly.

The elder brother went back home with the gold axe, but as soon as he was home, he became a statue, as a result of the magic power of the gold axe.

Part Two Reading-Centered Activities

In-Class Reading

Post-Reading

Reading Comprehension

1. 1) Because they were invited to a feast in the sky.

2) He saw the birds were busy preparing.

3) He planned to go to the feast/sky with the birds.

4) They didn’t agree because Tortoise was mischievous, cunning and ungrateful.

5) With a sweet tongue, he convinced the birds that he was a changed man.

6) He made two wings with all the feathers he got from each bird.

7) All of You.

8) Nuts, meat and fish soup, pounded yam, yam soup, palm wine, etc.

9) For whom have you prepared this feast?

10) Becau se he knew the answer would be “For all of you”, which was his new name. So he

could enjoy all the food first.

11) They were very angry.

12) They took back the feathers they had lent him.

13) He asked them to take a message to his wife.

14) Parrot, because he wanted to take advantage of the chance to get revenge.

15) He asked Parrot to tell his wife to bring out all the soft things in his house to cover the

ground with them so that he would be able to land safely. But Parrot told his wife to bring out all the hard and sharp, not the soft, things instead.

16) His shell was broken into hundreds of pieces.

2. Ekwefi is telling a story about Tortoise. Long long ago, all the birds got an invitation from the sky to attend a feast there. Tortoise learned about it and with his sweet tongue he persuaded the

新编大学英语教案(第二册)_unit2communicationproblems

新编大学英语教案(第二册)_U n i t2 C o m m u n i c a t i o n P r o b l e m s -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

Unit Two Communication problems Teaching Objectives 1. Let the students have some ideas of the common ways we usually use in our daily life to communicate. 2. Make the students find the efficient ways to communicate with each other. 3. Let the students come up with the ways to avoid misunderstandings. Teaching allotment six academic hours Focus points 1.key words and phrases assume, conflict, convey, emphasis, ignore, misinterpret, react, verge, feel like, for effect, on the verge of, pull out, take----lightly 2.difficult sentences 1) When Martians and Venusians first got together, they encountered many of the problems with relationships we have today. 2) So when communication problems emerged, they assumed it was just one of those expected misunderstandings and that with a little assistance they would surely understand each other. 3) To fully express their feelings, women would tend to exaggerate the facts a little bit for effect and use various superlatives, metaphors, and generalizations. 3.grammar focus prefix “mis---”的不同意义 Related Information It is well-known that learning a second language is never easy, and, generally speaking, the older one is when one attempts a new language, the more difficult it becomes. This is at least partly due to what is known as language interference, meaning that the linguistic patterns of our first language interfere with those of the second because no two languages have exactly the same sounds and grammatical structures. The English language has a very large vocabulary because it has incorporated words from many other languages over the centuries. This is nowhere more apparent than in its color words. For example, there are many words that express the color “purple”, describing its different shades and hues: mauve, violet, lilac, or lavender. An interesting 2

新编大学英语第三册课文翻译共23页

Unit 1 羞怯的痛苦 对许多人来说,羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安,感到不自然;也就是说,他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法:我给人留下的是什么印象?他们喜欢我吗?我讲话是不是傻里傻气?我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。 很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中,而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常,人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如,具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信,他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励,也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害;他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。 相反,他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。相比之下,羞怯的人自尊心较弱,往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们(是否)在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感;他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴,因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞:“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然,尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质,过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。 能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢?幸运的是,人们能够通过坚持

不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的,因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如,大多数人希望每门功课都得A。如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难,就把自己列为差生,这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能,甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时,我们正在自我否定。 如果你害羞,这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感:1.认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同,羞怯感就会自然减弱。 2.确定合理的目标。例如,在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起,你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力,仅和一两个人交谈,你会感到更自在些。 3.内疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情,(光)感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反,应该承认你犯了个错误,并决心在将来更加善解人意。 4.所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。 5.不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的,或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。 6.接受批评时要缜密思考。不要把批评理解为人身攻击。例如,如果一位朋友抱怨你的烹饪技术,要把这当成对你的烹饪技术而不是对你本人的评价而接受下来。放心,你们还是好朋友,但你的烹饪技术也许确实

新编大学英语第二版第二册课文翻译

新编大学英语第二版第二册课文翻译一善良之心,久久相依当时我没有意识到,是爸爸帮我保持平衡奥古斯塔斯 , J , 布洛克 1 随着我渐渐长大,当别人看见我和爸爸在一起,我会觉得很尴尬。他身材矮小,走起路来跛得很厉害。我们一起走时,他要把手搭在我的肩上才能保持平衡,人们就会盯着我们看。对这种不必要的注意我觉得非常难堪。他也许曾注意到,或着觉得烦恼,但他从来没有流露出来。2 要协调我们的步伐并不容易,他(的步子)一瘸一拐的,我(走起来)则缺乏耐心。因此,我们走路的时候并不怎么说话。但出发时,他总是说:“你定步伐,我会尽量跟上。”3 我们通常在家和地铁之间来往,这是他上班的必由之路。不论生病还是碰到恶劣的天气他都去上班,几乎没有旷过一天工。即使别人无法上班,他也要去办公室。对他来说这是一种自豪。4 当地上有冰或雪的时候,即使有人帮忙他也无法走路。这时,我或者我的姐妹就用孩子玩的雪撬拉着他,穿过纽约布鲁克林的街道,直到地铁的入口处。一到那儿,他就能紧紧抓住扶手一直走下去, 地铁道里比较暖和,下面的楼梯不结冰。曼哈顿的地铁站正好是他办公楼的地下室,因此除了从布鲁克林我们去接他的地方到回家为止,他都不用再出去。5 一个成年男子要有多少勇气才能承受这种屈辱和压力,我现在想来惊讶不已。他从没有痛苦或抱怨,他是怎么做到这一步的我感到不可思议。6 他从不把自己当作同情的对象,也从不对更幸运的或更能干的人表示任何嫉妒。他在别人身上所寻找的是一颗“善心”。如果他找到了一颗善心,那么有这么颗心的人对他来说就是一位大好人了。7 由于年龄的增长,我相信那是一种用来判断人的恰当的标准,尽管我还不能精确地知道什么是一颗“善心”。但是,当我自己没有的时候,我是知道的。8 尽管很多活动我爸爸不能参加,但他还是尽量用某种方式参与。当本地的一支棒球队发现缺经理的时候,他使它维持下去。他是一个很懂行的棒球迷,经常带我去埃贝茨球场看布鲁克林的道奇队打球。

Unit 2 课文翻译

能看、能听、有知觉、具嗅觉、会说话的智能汽车?还能自动驾驶?这听起来或许像是在做梦,但计算机革命正致力于把这一切变为现实。 智能汽车 1 Even the automobile industry, which has remained largely unchanged for the last seventy years, is about to feel the effects of the computer revolution. 即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业,也将感受到计算机革命的影响。 2 The automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century. There are presently 500 million cars on earth, or one car for every ten people. Sales of the automobile industry stand at about a trillion dollars, making it the world's biggest manufacturing industry. 汽车工业是20世纪最赚钱、最有影响力的产业之一。目前世界上有5亿辆车,或者说每10人就有1辆车。汽车工业的销售额达一万亿美元左右,从而成为世界上最大的制造业。 3 The car, and the roads it travels on, will be revolutionized in the twenty-first century. The key to tomorrow's "smart cars" will be sensors. "We'll see vehicles and roads that see and hear and feel and smell and talk and act," predicts Bill Spreitzer, technical director of General Motors Corporation's ITS program, which is designing the smart car and road of the future. 汽车及其行驶的道路,将在21世纪发生重大变革。未来“智能汽车”的关键在于传感器。“我们会见到能看、能听、有知觉、具嗅觉、会说话并能采取行动的车辆与道路,”正在设计未来智能汽车和智能道路的通用汽车公司ITS项目的技术主任比尔?斯普雷扎预言道。 4 Approximately 40,000 people are killed each year in the United States in traffic accidents. The number of people that are killed or badly injured in car accidents is so vast that we don't even bother to mention them in the newspapers anymore. Fully half of these fatalities come from drunk drivers, and many others from carelessness. A smart car could eliminate most of these car accidents. It can sense if a driver is drunk

新编大学英语综合教程3课文翻译

Unit 1 Personality In-Class Reading 羞怯的痛苦 1 对许多人来说,羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安,感到不自然;也就是说,他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法:我给人留下的是什么印象?他们喜欢我吗?我讲话是不是傻里傻气?我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。 2 很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中,而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常,人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如,具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信,他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励,也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害;他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。相反,他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。 3 相比之下,羞怯的人自尊心较弱,往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们(是否)在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感;他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴,因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞:“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然,尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质,过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。 4能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢?幸运的是,人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的,因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如,大多数人希望每门功课都得A。 5 如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难,就把自己列为差生,这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能,甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时,我们正在自我否定。如果你害羞,这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感: 6 1.认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同,羞怯感就会自然减弱。 7 2.确定合理的目标。例如,在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起,你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力,仅和一两个人交谈,你会感到更自在些。 8 3.疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情,(光)感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反,应该承认你犯了个错误,并决心在将来更加善解人意。 9 4.所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。 10 5.不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的,或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。

新编大学英语2课文原文

【1-A】 A Good Heart to Lean On ore than I realized, Dad has helped me keep my balance. Augustus J. Bullock [1] When I was growing up, I was embarrassed to be seen with my father. He was severely crippled and very short, and when we would walk together, his hand on my arm for balance, people would stare. I would be ashamed of the unwanted attention. If he ever noticed or was bothered, he never let on. [2] It was difficult to coordinate our steps—his halting, mine impatient—and because of that, we didn't say much as we went along. But as we started out, he always said, “You set the pace. I will try to adjust to you. ” [3] Our usual walk was to or from the subway, which was how he got to work. He went to work sick, and despite nasty weather. He almost never missed a day, and would make it to the office even if others could not. It was a matter of pride for him. [4] When snow or ice was on the ground, it was impossible for him to walk, even with help. At such times my sisters or I would pull him through the streets of Brooklyn , N.Y. , on a child's sleigh to the subway entrance. Once there, he would cling to the handrail until he reached the lower steps that the warmer tunnel air kept ice-free. In Manhattan the subway station was the basement of his office building, and he would not have to go outside again until we met him in Brooklyn on his way home. [5] When I think of it now, I marvel at how much courage it must have taken for a grown man to subject himself to such indignity and stress. And I marvel at how he did it—without bitterness or complaint. [6] He never talked about himself as an object of pity, nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able. What he looked for in others was a “good heart”, and if he found one, the owner was good enough for him. [7] Now that I am older, I believe that is a proper standard by which to judge people, even though I still don't know precisely what a “good heart” is. But I know the times I don't have one myself. [8] Unable to engage in many activities, my father still tried to participate in some way. When a local baseball team found itself without a manager, he kept it going. He was a knowledgeable baseball fan and often took me to Ebbets Field to see the Brooklyn Dodgers play. He liked to go to dances and parties, where he could have a good time just sitting and watching. [9] On one memorable occasion a fight broke out at a beach party, with everyone punching and shoving. He wasn't content to sit and watch, but he couldn't stand unaided on the soft sand. In frustration he began to shout, “I'll fight anyone who will sit down with me! I'll fight anyone who will sit dow n with me! ” [10] Nobody did. But the next day people kidded him by saying it was the first time any fighter was urged to take a dive even before the bout began. [11] I now know he participated in some things vicariously through me, his only son. When I played ball (poorly), he “played” too. When I joined the Navy, he “joined” too. And when I came home on leave, he saw to it that I visited his office. Introducing me, he was really saying, “This is my son, but it is also me, and I could have done this, too, if things had been different. ” Those words were never said aloud. [12] He has been gone many years now, but I think of him often. I wonder if he sensed my reluctance to be seen with him during our walks. If he did, I am sorry I never told him how sorry I was, how unworthy I was, how I regretted it. I think of him when I complain about trifles, when I am envious of another's good fortune, when I don't have a “good heart”. [13] At such times I put my hand on his arm to regain my balance, and say, “You se t the pace. I will try to adjust to you.” ( 703 words)

unit2课文翻译The Virtues of Growing Older

The Virtues of Growing Older (长大变老有好处) Our society worships youth. Advertisements convince us to buy Grecian Formula and Oil of Olay so we can hide the gray in our hair and smooth the lines on our face. Television shows feature attractive young stars with firm bodies, perfect complexions, and thick manes of hair. Middle-aged folks work out in gyms and jog down the street, trying to delay the effects of age. 我们所处的社会崇尚年轻。连篇累牍的广告劝我们买希腊配方的洗发水和玉兰油,这样的话,白发无处可寻,面部的皱纹也能被抚平。电视节目上尽是体魄强健,肤色无暇,头发浓密的年轻明星。而中年人则在体育馆里锻炼,在马路上慢跑,尽量不让岁月过早地留下痕迹。 Wouldn't any person over thirty gladly sign with the devil just to be young again? Isn't aging an experience to be dreaded? Perhaps it is unAmerican to say so, but I believe the answer is "No." Being young is often pleasant, but being older has distinct advantages. 不是所有三十出头的人都会为了重获青春而心甘情愿地与魔鬼订立合约吗?长大变老难道不可怕吗?说它不可怕可能不是美国人的回答,但我却认为长大变老不可怕。青春年少令人愉悦,但长大变老也有明显的好处。 When young, you are apt to be obsessed with your appearance. When my brother Dave and I were teens, we worked feverishly to perfect the bodies we had. Dave lifted weights, took megadoses of vitamins, and drank a half-dozen milk shakes a day in order to turn his wiry adolescent frame into some muscular ideal. And as a teenager, I dieted constantly. No matter what I weighed, though, I was never satisfied with the way I looked. My legs were too heavy, my shoulders too broad, my waist too big. When Dave and I were young, we begged and pleaded for the "right" clothes. If our parents didn't get them for us, we felt our world would fall apart. How could we go to school wearing loose-fitting blazers when everyone else would be wearing smartly tailored leather jackets? We could be considered freaks. I often wonder how my parents, and parents in general, manage to tolerate their children during the adolescent years. Now, however, Dave and I are beyond such adolescent agonies. My rounded figure seems fine, and don't deny myself a slice of pecan pie if I feel in the mood. Dave still works out, but he has actually become fond of his tall, lanky frame. The two of us enjoy wearing fashionable clothes, but we are no longer slaves to style. And women, I'm embarrassed to admit, even more than men, have always seemed to be at the mercy of fashion. Now my clothes ---- and my brother's ---- are attractive yet easy to wear. We no longer feel anxious about what others will think. As long as we feel good about how we look, we are happy.

新编大学英语3读写译课文翻译

Unit 1 Personality 羞怯的痛苦 对许多人来说,羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安,感到不自然;也就是说,他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法:我给人留下的是什么印象?他们喜欢我吗?我讲话是不是傻里傻气?我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中,而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常,人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如,具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信,他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励,也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害;他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。相反,他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。相比之下,羞怯的人自尊心较弱,往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们(是否)在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感;他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴,因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞:“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然,尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质,过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢?幸运的是,人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的,因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如,大多数人希望每门功课都得A。如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难,就把自己列为差生,这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能,甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时,我们正在自我否定。如果你害羞,这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感:1.认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同,羞怯感就会自然减弱。2.确定合理的目标。例如,在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起,你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力,仅和一两个人交谈,你会感到更自在些。3.内疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情,(光)感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反,应该承认你犯了个错误,并决心在将来更加善解人意。4.所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。5.不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的,或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。6.接受批评时要缜密思考。不要把批评理解为人身攻击。例如,如果一位朋友抱怨你的烹饪技术,要把这当成对你的烹饪技术而不是对你本人的评价而接受下来。放心,你们还是好朋友,但你的烹饪技术也许确实有待改进。7.记住,每个人都会经历一些失败和挫折。要把它们作为增长见识的经历,从中受益。挫折往往会成为转机,随之而来的将是一段美妙绝伦的经历。例如,你可能被你所中意的大学拒之门外。然而,在你就读的大学里,你可能发现这里教育的某一特点比你料想的好得多。8.有些人会使你感到自己无能,不要和这种人交往。去设法改变他们对你的态度或者改变你对自己的态度,要不就脱离这种关系。伤害你的人并不关心你的最大利益。9.留出时间休息,享受自己的业余爱好,并且定期地重新审定自己的目标。为此所花费的时间有助于更好地了解你自己。10.多在社交场合中锻炼。不要把自己同他人隔离开来。设法一次结识一位朋友;最终你将能够娴熟而自信地在众人中周旋。我们每个人都是独一无二、难能可贵的个体。我们自有吸引人的地方。我们对自己了解得越多,就越容易充分发挥自己的潜力。不要让羞怯成为阻碍我们拥有丰富和成功生活的绊脚石。 Unit3 Social Problems

新编大学英语(浙大版)第二单元2-2 课文

Unit 2 Psychology in Our Daily Life After-Class Reading PASSAGE I The Psychology of Money New Words account * n. 账户,户头 e.g. I opened an account at my bank in your name. charge accounts 赊欠户,赊欠帐 actually * adv. in fact, really 实际上 e.g. I didn't actually see her--I just heard her voice. addicted * adj. unable to stop doing or using something, especially something harmful 上瘾的,沉湎于......的 e.g. She's become addicted to love stories. addiction n. 瘾,沉溺 advertise * v. 为......做广告,宣传 advertiser * n. 广告商 alcohol * n. drinks that can make people drunk, such as beer, wine, and whisky 酒 amount * n. a collection or mass (especially of something which cannot be counted) 数量,数额 e.g. I still do a certain amount of work for them. assignment * n. task, homework 任务,作业 e.g. The student's assignment was to write a book report.

新编大学英语第二册答案完整版

Unit 1 ●Part Two Reading centered activities Pre-reading Reading Comprehension 1.Understanding the structure of the passage Para.1-4 c para.5-7 a para.8-11 b para.12-13 d 2. 1) They would stare at them. 2) He felt embarrassed/ ashamed 3) He never let on. 4) He usually walked there with the help of his son 5) He was pulled on a child’s sleigh to the subway station 6) He like basketball, dances, and parties 7) He asked them to sit down and fight with him. 8) He was proud of his son 9) He missed him very much and was sorry for what he had thought about him. 10) He learned to have a good heart from his father. 3. 1) C 2) A 3) C 4) B 5) D 6) A7) B 8) C 9) D 10) A 4. Understanding the reference Words. 1)the difficulty in coordination the steps 2)whether a person has a good heart 3) a good heart 4)the baseball team 5)sat down to fight 6)what the son has achieved 7)sensed 8)the reluctance to walk with him ●Vocabulary 1. 1) urged 2) halted 3) bother 4) embarrassed 5) adjusted 6) complain 7) kid 8)engage 9)subject 10)saw to it that 11)coordinate 12)participate 2.Word-building patience

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Unit 1 Personality羞怯的痛苦 对许多人来说,羞怯是很多不愉快的起因。各种各样的人——矮的、高的、愚笨的、聪明的、年轻的、年老的、瘦的、胖的——都说自己是羞怯的。羞怯的人会焦虑不安,感到不自然;也就是说,他们过分地关注自己的外表和举止。脑海中不断盘旋着一些使自己不安的想法:我给人留下的是什么印象?他们喜欢我吗?我讲话是不是傻里傻气?我长得难看。我穿的衣服毫不引人注目。很显然这种不安的感觉会对人产生不利的影响。一个人的自我看法反映在自己的行为方式之中,而一个人的行为方式又影响他人的反应。通常,人们如何看待自己对他们生活的各个方面都会产生深刻的影响。例如,具有积极的自我价值观或很强自尊心的人往往表现出自信。而由于自信,他们不需要他人不断地称赞和鼓励,也能使自己感觉良好。自信者热情、自发地投入生活。他们不因别人认为他们“该”做什么而受到影响。有很强自尊心的人不会被批评所伤害;他们不会把批评看作是人身攻击。相反,他们认为批评是一种提醒他们改进的建议。相比之下,羞怯的人自尊心较弱,往往消极被动并且容易受他人影响。他们(是否)在做“该做的事情”需要得到别人的肯定。害羞的人对批评非常敏感;他们觉得批评正好证实了他们比别人差。他们也很难因别人的赞美而高兴,因为他们相信自己不值得称赞。羞怯的人也许会用这样的话来回答别人的赞美之辞:“你这么说只是为了让我感觉好一些。我知道这不是真的。”显然,尽管自我意识是一种健康的品质,过分的自我意识却是不利和有害的。能否彻底消除或者至少减轻羞怯感呢?幸运的是,人们能够通过坚持不懈的努力建立自信从而克服羞怯。由于胆怯和缺少自尊是密切相关的,因此正视自己的弱点和正视自己的优点一样重要。例如,大多数人希望每门功课都得A。如果仅仅因为在某些领域有困难,就把自己列为差生,这不恰如其分。人们对自己的期望必须现实。老是想那些不可能的事情会令自己觉得无能,甚至产生嫉妒。当我们嫉妒比自己成绩好的学生时,我们正在自我否定。如果你害羞,这里有些具体有效的步骤帮助你树立信心并克服羞怯感:1.认清自己的优缺点。每个人既有优点又有缺点。随着对自我的不断认同,羞怯感就会自然减弱。2.确定合理的目标。例如,在聚会时和一群陌生人在一起,你也许会怯场。不要以为你必须和每个人交谈。集中精力,仅和一两个人交谈,你会感到更自在些。3.内疚和羞耻感是消极的情感。不要把时间和精力浪费在这上头。假设你伤害了某人的感情,(光)感到羞愧是无济于事的。相反,应该承认你犯了个错误,并决心在将来更加善解人意。4.所有问题都有许多种解决办法。很少有完全正确或完全错误的意见。要敢于公开表达自己的观点。5.不要对自己做消极的评论。这是一种自我否定。千万别把自己描述为愚蠢的、丑陋的,或者一个失败者。注重自己积极的方面。6.接受批评时要缜密思考。不要把批评理解为人身攻击。例如,如果一位朋友抱怨你的烹饪技术,要把这当成对你的烹饪技术而不是对你本人的评价而接受下来。放心,你们还是好朋友,但你的烹饪技术也许确实有待改进。7.记住,每个人都会经历一些失败和挫折。要把它们作为增长见识的经历,从中受益。挫折往往会成为转机,随之而来的将是一段美妙绝伦的经历。例如,你可能被你所中意的大学拒之门外。然而,

新编大学英语2课文全部翻译

以生命相赠 1 炸弹落在了这个小村庄里。在可怕的越南战争期间,谁也不知道这些炸弹要轰炸什么目标,而他们却落在了一所有传教士们办的小孤儿院内。 2 传教士和一两个孩子已经丧生,还有几个孩子受了伤,其中有一个小女孩,8岁左右,她的双腿被炸伤。 3 几小时后,医疗救援小组到了。救援小组由一名年轻的美国海军医生和一名同样年轻的海军护士组成。他们很快发现有个小女孩伤势严重。如果不立即采取行动,显然她就会因失血过多和休克而死亡。 4 他们明白必须给小女孩输血,但是他们的医药用品很有限,没有血浆,因此需要相配血型的血。快速的血型测定显示两名美国人的血型都不合适,而几个没有受伤的孤儿却有相配的血型。 5 这位医生会讲一点越南语,忽视会讲一点法语,但只有中学的法语水平。孩子们不会说英语,只会说一点法语。医生和护士用少得可怜的一点共同语言,结合大量的手势,努力向这些受惊吓的孩子们解释说,除非他们能输一些血给自己的小伙伴,否则她将必死无疑。接着问他们是否有人愿意献血来救小女孩。 6 对医生和护士的请求,孩子们(只是)瞪大眼睛,一声不吭。此时小病人生命垂危。然而,只有这些受惊吓的孩子中有人自愿献血,他们才能够得到血。过了好一会儿,一只小手慢慢地举了起来,然后垂了下去,一会儿又举了起来。 7 “噢,谢谢,”护士用法语说。“你叫什么名字?” 8 “兴,”小男孩回答道。 9 兴很快被抱到一张床上,手臂用酒精消毒后,针就扎了进去。在整个过程中,兴僵直地躺着,没有出声。 10 过了一会儿,他发出了一声长长的抽泣,但立即用那只可以活动的手捂住了自己的脸。 11 “兴,疼吗?”医生问。 12 兴默默地摇了摇头,但一会儿忍不住又抽泣起来,并又一次试图掩饰自己的哭声。医生又问是不是插在手臂上的针弄疼了他,兴又摇了摇头。 13 但现在,偶尔的抽泣变成了持续无声的哭泣。他紧紧地闭着眼睛,用拳头堵住嘴想竭力忍住哭泣。 14 现在医疗小组非常担忧,因为针不该使他们的小输血者一直感到疼痛。显然出了问题。恰好这时,一名越南护士前来帮忙。看到小男孩在哭,她用越南话很快地和他说话。听了小男孩的回答后,又立即回答他。护士一边说,一边俯身轻轻拍着小男孩的头,她的声音亲切柔和。 15 一会儿,小男孩不再哭了,他睁开眼睛,用询问的目光看着越南护士。护士点了点头,小男孩的脸上马上露出了宽慰的神色。 16 越南护士抬起头平静地对两名美国人说:“他以为自己快死了。他误解了你们,以为你们要他献出所有的血,小女孩才能活下来。” 17 “那他为什么会愿意这么做呢?”海军护士问。 18 越南护士把这个问题向小男孩重复了一遍。小男孩简单地回答道:“她是我的朋友。” 19 他为了朋友甘愿献出自己的生命,没有比这更伟大的爱了。 没有言语的交流 1 当你学一门外语的时候,你一定要学词汇和语法,但这些还远远不够。要想成功地进行交流,你还必须学习该文化的非言语语言,或者说“身势语”。身势语是一个术语,是我们用来描述那些可以传递信息的脸部表情,手势以及其他身体动作的术语。这种交流方式非常重要,实际上我们用动作表达的信息可以比用言语表达的信息更多。 2 有时候我们发现说一门外语很困难,因为我们可能不了解另一种文化的非言语信号,或者说那些信号在我们自己文化中的含义可能迥然不同。例如,在世界上不同的地方,上下点头的动作就传递不同的信息。在北美,该动作表示“我同意”。在中东地区,向下点头表示“我同意”,而向上抬头表示“我不

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