研究生英语阅读教程(提高版)课后翻译(带原文)

Lesson 1

1. Yesterday’s terrorism darkened, marked and forever altered the way Americans live their lives.

昨日发生的恐怖主义活动使美国人的生活暗淡无光，在他们的生活中留下了印迹，并永远地改变了他们的生活。

2. “We are going to have to learn what a lot of other countries have gone through: to manage fear at a cultural and national level,” said Charles Figley, a professor of trauma psychology at Florida State University. “We’re getting a lesson in the way fear works.”

佛罗里达州立大学创伤心理学教授查尔斯?费格里说:“我们得学一学其它许多国家曾经经历过的东西，那就是从文化上和在全国范围内来应对恐惧。”他还说:“我们正在体验恐惧是怎样起作用的。”

3. In a country long proud and even boastful of its openness—a country where an ordinary citizen can stroll through the U.S. Capitol unescorted—the terrorist attacks are likely to force Americans to a lot of that. Metal detectors now mark the front door of many government buildings, and security guards are a fixture in the lobby of most large office buildings.

美国是一个一向以开放自豪甚至洋洋得意的国家，在这里，人们可以独自在美国国会大楼中闲庭信步，而现在，恐怖袭击很有可能迫使美国人处处小心，惶惶不可终日。其实我们很大程度上已经是这样了。许多政府大楼的前门装设的金属探测器已然成为一道风景线，大部分的办公大楼里也必备保安。

4. But retaliation carries the risk of setting off a tightening spiral of violence and counterviolence not unlike the Middle East or Northern Ireland. Unlike countries that have had to learn to live with violence,”We are new at this,” said Florida’s Dr. Figley, who heads a project that has trained trauma teams in Yugoslavia.”My fear is we will overreach and make things worse rather than better by retribution, revenge, racism and marginalizing ethnic groups.”

报复有很大的危险，会引发和在中东及北爱尔兰一样的紧张的暴力和反暴力的恶性攀升。与那些不得不在暴力中学习如何生存的国家不同，“我们是新手，”曾在南斯拉夫训练过创伤急救队的项目负责人费格里博士说，“我所担心的是惩罚、报复、种族主义和排斥少数民族的举动会过于偏激，适得其反。”

5. Fear of terrorism is likely to lead Americans to tolerate more government surveillance—such as overhead video cameras at sporting events—than they have to date. “It’s very likely in the wake of today’s events that we’re going to see a greater acceptance on the public’s part—and on the court’s part—to approve certain kinds of police tactics,” said William Stuntz, a Harvard Low School professor.

对于恐怖主义的恐惧会使美国人接受比现在更多的来自政府的监控，例如在运动竞赛场上高架的摄象机。哈佛大学法学院教授威廉姆斯?斯汤资说，“经过目前前这些事件，我们将发现，无论是公众，还是法庭，都会在更大程度上接受某些警察的策略。”

Lesson 5

戴维先到一步，事后他气愤地向我发难说当他告诉领班准备和谁一起吃饭时，领班的语气骤然逆转。一瞬间就从“这是个什么人？”变成“这边有请，先生。”当我们赶到时，拍照的人已经在饭店外忙个不停了。戴维开始嘲笑我是伦敦这家高级饭店里的知名人物。这时，我俩向屋内望去并同时看到了我们的偶像。

我的生活中——与维多利亚一起的生活中——一件美好的事情就是有时那些让我在见面之前紧张不安，在见面时张口结舌的人，最终却成为我的朋友。

3.They’re incredibly generous: almost the first thing Elton did the afternoon I met him in Italy was to offer Victoria and me their place in the South of France as somewhere to go if we ever needed to get away from it all.

他们非常慷慨：我在意大利见到埃尔顿的那个下午，几乎他所做的第一件事就是把他们在法国南部的住处提供给维多利亚和我以便我们一旦需要远离烦乱的生活时有个落脚的地方。

在剩下的时间里如果能听到他对我的辫子和其他事情的看法我会非常高兴。我们都知道他的故事，但是看着他的眼睛，捕捉着他的笑容，追寻着这张异常英俊的脸上遍布的皱纹，你会情不自禁想要听他亲自讲述。

我们在天亮前就早早起床，因此从大巴下来跌跌撞撞走回酒店时，睡眠的不足开始让我犯困。下午就在梦乡中度过了。

Lesson 6

1.John Forbes Nash, Jr.-mathematical genius, inventor of a theory of rational behavior, visionary of the thinking machine-had been sitting with his visitor, also a mathematician, for nearly half an hour.

小约翰?福布斯?纳什数学天才、|理性行为理论的缔造者、预见思想机器出现的预言家——已经和来访者，也是一位数学家，共坐了将近半个小时。

2. He had been staring dully at a spot immediately in front of the left foot of Harvard professor George Mackey，hardly moving except to brush his long dark hair away from his forehead in a fitful, repetitive motion.

他一直目光呆滞地盯着哈佛教授乔治麦克恩左脚前方不远的地方，除了一次次重复着将垂在前额的略长的黑发拨开的动作，他几乎一动不动。

3. Over the next decade, a decade as notable for its supreme faith in human rationality as for its dark anxieties about mankind’s survival, Nash proved himself, in the words of the eminent geometer Mikhail Gromov, “the most remarkable mathematician of the second half of the century”.

在未来十年，在那既以对人类理性抱有无尚信念而著称，又以对人类生存怀有无尽忧虑而闻名的十年，纳什，用知名几何学家米克哈尔格罗莫夫的话说，证明了自己是20世纪后半叶最杰出的数学家。

4. Geniuses, the mathematician Paul Halmos wrote, “are of two kinds: the ones who are just like all of us, but very much more so, and the ones who, apparently, have an extra human spark. We can all run, and some of us can run the mile in less than 4 minutes; but there is nothing that most of us can do that compares with the creation of the Great G-minor Fugue”. Nash’s genius was of that mysterious variety more often associated with music and are than with the oldest of all sciences.

数学家保罗?哈莫斯写道，天才“分为两种：一种就像我们大家一样，只是更为出色；另一种则是那些明显具备超凡人类灵感的人。我们都能跑步，有些人还能在四分钟内跑完一英里；但是我们所做的一切无论如何也无法与创作出G小调赋格曲相提并论。”纳什的天分就属于那种常与音乐和艺术而非与最古老的科学紧密相连的神奇异禀。

5. Compulsively rational, he wished to turn life’s decisions---whether to take the first elevator or wait for the next one, where to bank his money, what job to accept, whether to marry---into calculations of advantage and disadvantage, algorithms or mathematical rules divorced from emotion, convention, and tradition.

他具有一种难以抑制的理性，希望将生活中的决定——是搭乘第一部电梯还是等待下一部，到哪里存钱接受什么样的工作是否结婚***都转化为利弊得失的计算，转化为完全脱离感情、习俗和传统的算法法则或数学规则。

6. His remoteness was punctuated by flights of garrulousness about outer space and geopolitical trends，childish pranks，and unpredictable eruptions of anger. But these outbursts were，more often than not, as enigmatic as his silences. “He is not one of us” was a constant refrain。

他一贯冷漠，但一时兴起也会喋喋不休地谈论外太空和地缘政治趋势，或做出孩子般的恶作剧，或者毫无征兆地勃然大怒。这些情感的迸发总是和他的沉默一样神秘莫测。他和我们不一样。是人们常说的一句话。

7. Nash’s insight into the dynamics of human rivalry---his theory of rational conflict and cooperation---was to become one of the most influential ideas of the twentieth century, transforming the young science of natural selection, and Newton’s celestial mechanics reshaped biology and physics in their day.

纳什对于人类竞争动态变化的洞察——他的理性竞争与合作理论——将会成为20世纪最具影响的思想理论之一.这一理论改变着新兴的经济学，其作用无异于孟德尔的基因遗传，达尔文的自然选择模式和牛顿的天体力学再造了当时的生物学和物理学。

Lesson 9

但无论怎样，月亮依旧牵动我们的心灵。倘若我们偶尔遇见一轮黄灿灿的满月高悬中天，谁都会禁不住停下来凝神仰望她尊贵的姿容。而月亮也向注视她的人赐予厚礼。

of ivory, the valleys were deep shadows in the landscape.

然而当月亮缓缓升起，离开山头’它变得坚定、威严；它的面孔也由红变成了橘红，又变成金色，最后是平静的明黄色。它似乎从渐暗的大地中吸取了光明，因为随着它的升起，下面的丘陵山谷愈来愈黯淡朦胧。待到皓月当空，满月如盘，闪烁着象牙般乳白的清辉，山谷便成了风景中一片片幽深的阴影。

月出是缓慢的，充满神奇。观看月出，我们得回到过去那种对时间的耐心中去。观看月亮不可阻挡地升到空中就能让我们内心安宁，我们的神思能让我们看到宇宙的广漠和大地的宽阔，能让我们忘掉自己。我们觉得自身渺小，却又深感大自然的厚待。

月色下，我们看不到生活中坚硬的棱角。山坡在月光下如同笼上了柔和的轻纱，一片银白；海水在月光下碧蓝而静谧；我们在月光下也不再像白日那般精于算计，而是沉醉于自然的情感中。

后来我常回到山上观月，尤其是在接踵而来的事使我身心疲惫、头晕眼花时。

恋人和诗人在夜里能找到生活更深刻的意义。其实我们都爱问一些深刻的问题——我们的祖先是什么？我们的命运在哪里!我们不喜欢那些统治着白天世界的刻板的几何教科书，都愿意沉溺于永远找不到答案的谜团中。在夜里，我们都成了哲人和神秘主义者。

月出之时，当我们放慢自己的思想，让它跟随天国的脚步，一种心醉神迷的感觉就会流遍全身。我们会打开情感的窗口，会让白天被理智锁住的那部分思绪尽情奔涌。我们有越过遥远的时空，听见远古猎人的低语’再次看到很久以前的恋人与诗人眼中的世界。

Lesson 11

绞死（或电死或用毒气杀死）一个人是桩恐怖的事情，使行刑人变得卑劣，使目击者感到恶心。

即便如此，他们的工作对社会来说也可能是十分必要的。

这些人，特别是第一类人，对是否遏止其他罪犯并不太关心。他们极欲得到的是一种满足，就是看到给他们带来痛苦的罪犯在他们面前也饱尝痛苦。

每位守法公民都感到威胁，感到无计可施，直到罪犯受到打击，直到凭借公众力量报了仇，还不仅仅是扯平，而这力量得到充分的体现后，这种感觉才会消失。

他到底为什么要等呢？为什么不在终审法院使他的希望破灭后的第二天处决他呢？为什么要用连食人族都不会用的手段折磨他呢？

Lesson 14

1．Take another look at those cables: They snake into the back of the computer and then out again, terminating in a cap on the monkey’s head, where they receive signals from hundreds of electrodes buried in its brain. The monkey is directing the robot with its thoughts.

再看看那些电缆。电缆弯弯曲曲地进入计算机后盖，然后又出来，最后到达猕猴头上的帽子里。电缆从埋在猕猴大脑里的数百个电极接收信号，猕猴用思维向机器手臂发出指令。

2．For decades scientists have pondered, speculated on, and poor-poohed the possibility of a direct interface between a brain and a machine---only in the late 1990s did scientists start learning enough about the brain and signal-processing to offer glimmers of hope that this science-fiction vision could become reality.

几十年来，科学家就一直在思索、推测大脑和机器直接联系的可能性，但都认为这不切实际。只是到了20世纪90年代末，科学家才开始充分地了解大脑与信号处理的有关知识，从而出现了使科幻小说的幻象变成现实的希望的曙光。

3．The notion of decoding the brain’s commands can seem, on the face of it, to be pure hubris. How could any computer eavesdrop on all the going-on that take place in there every moment of ordinary life?

解码大脑指令的想法乍看起来可能像是十足的狂妄自大。计算机怎么能窃听日常生活每时每刻发生在大脑甩的全部活动呢？

4．But most researchers assumed that each type of movement was governed by a specific handful of the brain’s billions of neurons---the need to monitor the whole brain in order to find those few would make the successful decoding a practical impossibility.

但是，大多数研究人员认为，每种类型的运动都是靠大脑几十亿神经元中一些少数特定的神经元来控制的——为了找到那些少数神经元而需要监测整个大脑则会使成功的解码变为实际办不到的事。

5．Thus everything that was known at the time suggested that brain-machine interfaces were a fool’s errand. Everything, it turned out, was wrong.

因此，那时知道的一切表明，使脑-机联系是徒劳无益之举。结果证明，那一切都是错误的。

Lesson16

1．Artists liked the way the palms grew and the bright colors of the hotels facing the gardens and the sea.

艺术家们喜欢棕榈树生长的形状以及那面对花园与大海的旅馆的明亮色彩。

2．Water stood in pools on the gravel paths. The sea broke in a long line in the rain and slipped down the beach to come up and break again in a long line in the rain.

雨水在砾石路上聚集成了一个个小水坑。在雨中，海浪涌上海滩，卷起一条长长的浪花线，然后退下去，又涌上来，又卷起一条长长的浪花线。

3．Outside right under their window a cat was crouched under one of the dripping green tables. The cat was trying to make herself so compact that she would not be dripped on.

就在他们的窗外一只小猫蹲在一张绿色的滴着雨水的桌子下面。它尽量地缩着身子以免被雨水淋湿。4．She liked the deadly serious way he received any complaints. She liked his dignity.

她喜欢旅馆老板非常认真地听取顾客意见的方式。她喜欢他那威严的样子。

5．Something felt very small and tight inside the girl. The padrone made her feel very small and at the same time re ally important… She had a momentary feeling of being of supreme importance.

女孩的心被轻轻地触动了。旅馆老板对她的态度使她感到自己既柔弱又非常重要。在一瞬间她感觉自己好像是最要的人物了。

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Unit5 Beyond Babies不要孩子 在雅典市中心繁华的柯诺那基广场的时尚的初音岛咖啡店里，三十多岁或四十出头的希腊语专业人员沉浸在冰卡布奇诺咖啡里，过奢侈的生活。他们最喜欢谈论的话题是，当然，关系：男子不愿承诺，女性的独立，何时有孩子，或者说，逐渐是否有他们所有。“随着时间的推移，我有一个孩子的机会越来越小，37岁的行政助理美联社新闻社说。“但我不会只是因为要一个孩子而嫁给任何人。”她热爱她的工作，并从她那些紧密团结、志同道合的朋友那里得到她的社会支持，对于希腊年轻人来说，这些朋友渐渐充当了家人的角色。“如果在45岁，我仍然膝下无子，我会考虑要一个自己的孩子，”她说。但这并不意味着她个人成就取决于它。 在几十年前，Petropoulou和她的朋友们可能已经被认为是，嗯，奇怪的。希腊被称为欧洲最传统的社会，在那里东正教的对于结婚和繁衍的严格戒律当道。.强大的社会和宗教禁忌的标记是像不能怀孕的老处女一样的妇女无子，和对中年男子性偏好单一的怀疑。渐渐地，在一代人期间，由于诸多因素，包括女性接受更好的教育和就业选择以及希腊融入欧盟的主流文化，那种严格的社会限制基本上已经消失了。结果是：结婚率低于欧盟的平均水平，并在每名妇女生育平均为1.3，是世界上最低的生育率。这样的年轻希腊人，如果时间恰当拥有孩子是不错的。但他们肯定不是必不可少的。 在希腊，和世界上大部分地区，在激增的人口数下，有孩子们不再是一个想当然的事情。“在许多社会里从未有过无子女的女性和男性是合法的现象。”，研究在伦敦经济学院研究此现象的凯瑟琳哈基姆说。在像瑞士和新加坡、加拿大和韩国这类迥异国度中发生了急剧的社会变迁，年轻人把生育推迟到30好几，甚

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Text1 Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not ch In but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative connotation. So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. 习惯是件有趣的事情。我们无意识间养成了一些习惯，我们的大脑是自动运 转的，轻松进入熟知套路所带来的不自觉舒适状态。“这并非选择，而是习惯控 制了那些没有思想的人”，这是威廉?华兹华斯（William Wordsworth）19世纪时 说的话。在现在这个日新月异的21世纪，甚至习惯这个词本身也带有负面涵义。 因此，在创造和革新的背景下来谈论习惯，似乎显得有点矛盾。 But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks. But don’t bother trying to kil off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads. 但大脑研究人员发现，当我们有意识地培养新的习惯的时候，我们创建了平 行路径，甚至是全新的脑细胞，可以让我们的思路跳转到新的创新轨道上来。但 是，不必费心试图摈弃各种旧习惯；一旦这些程序惯例融进大脑，它们就会留在 那里。相反，我们刻意培养的新习惯会创建平行路径能避开原来那些老路。 “The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says D Markova, author of “The Open Mind” and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide,’ just as decide is to kill off president calls himself ‘the Decider.’” She adds, however, that “to all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.” 大学英语

新视野研究生英语_读说写1Unit 5 Remote Control课文原文

原文Unit Five Remote Control 1、Recently the Washington Post printed an article explaining how the appliance manufacturers plan to drive consumers insane. 2、Of course they don’t say they want to drive us insane. What they say they want to do is have us live in homes where “all appliances are on the Internet, sharing information”and appliances will be “smarter than most of their owners.” For example, the article states, you could have a home where the dishwasher “can be turned on from the office”and the refrigerator “knows when it’s out of milk” and the bathroom scale “transmits your weight to the gym.” 3、I frankly wonder whether the appliance manufacturers, with all due respect, have been smoking crack. I mean, did they ever stop to ask themselves why a consumer, after loading a dishwasher, would go to the office to start it? Would there be some kind of career benefit? YOUR BOSS: What are you doing? YOU ( tapping computer keyboard ): I’m starting my dishwasher! YOUR BOSS: That’s the kind of productivity we need around here! YOU: Now I’m flushing the upstairs toilet! 4、Listen, applian ce manufacturers: We don’t need a dishwaher that we can communicate with from afar. If you want to improve our dishwashers, give us one that senses when people leave dirty on the kitchen counter, and shouts at them: “Put those dishes in the dishwasher rignt now or I’ll leak all over your shoes!” 5、Likewise, we don’t need a refrigerator that knows when it’s out of milk. We alrealy have a foolproof system for determining if we’re out of milk. We ask our wife. What we could use is a refrigerator that refuses to let us open its door when it senses that we are about to consume our fourth Jell-O Pudding Snack in two hours. 6、As for a scale that transmits our weight to the gym: Are they nuts? We don’t want our weight transmitted to our own eyeballs!What if the gym decided to trainsmit our weight to all these other appliances on the Internet? What if, God forbid, our refrigerator found out what our weight was!

研究生英语阅读教程(基础级3版)课文答案翻译

Lesson 1 II. Translation Put the following passages into Chinese. 1. For English is a killer. It is English that has killed off Cumbric, Cornish, Norn and Manx. There are still parts of these islands where sizeable communities speak languages that were there before English. Yet English is everywhere in everyday use and understood by all or virtually all, constituting such a threat to the three remaining Celtic languages, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, and Welsh... that their long-term future must be considered... very greatly at risk. 因为英语是个杀手。正是英语造成了凯尔特语、康沃尔语、诺恩语和马恩语等语言的消亡。这些岛上的分地区依然还有很多社区的人使用在英语到来之前就已存在的语言。然而，英语在日常生活中无处不在。所有的人或几乎所有的人都懂英语。英语对仅存的三种凯尔特语——爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语及威尔士语的威胁是如此之大，人们一定认为它们遥远的未来是岌岌可危的。 2. He also associated such policies with a prejudice which he calls linguisticism (a condition parallel to racism and sexism). As Phillipson sees it, leading institutions and individuals within the predominantly "white" English-speaking world, have (by design or default) encouraged or at least tolerated—and certainly have not opposed—the hegemonic spread of English, a spread which began some three centuries ago as economic and colonial expansion. 同时，他认为这些政策和他称之为语言歧视（与种族歧视、性别歧视等类似）的偏见密切相关。在菲利普森看来，在以白人英语为主导的世界里，主要的机构和个人（有意或无意地）鼓励或者至少是容忍了（肯定没有反对）英语霸权主义式的传播，这种传播始于三个世纪之前的经济及殖民扩张。 3.By and large, we now view them as more or less benign, and often talk with admiration and appreciation about the cultures associated with them and what they have given to the world. And it is fairly safe to do this, because none of them now poses much of a threat. 总的来说，我们现在或多或少地把这些语言看作有利的语言。在谈到与之相关的文化及其为世界所做的贡献时，我们常怀有崇敬与赞赏，而且这样做是很安全的，因为这些语言现在已不会构成什么大的威胁。 4. Yet many people see English as a blessing. Let me leave aside here the obvious advantages possessed by any world language, such as a large communicative network, a strong literary and media complex, and a powerful cultural and educational apparatus. 然而，许多人把英语看成是一件幸事。在此，我暂且不谈世界语言所具有的明显优势，例如庞大的交流网络、发达的文字与传媒体系以及强大的文化教育设施。 5. English-speaking South Africans of British descent were not particularly strong in opposing the apartheid regime, and the black opposition, whose members had many languages, was at first weak and disorganized. 讲英语的南非英国后裔并不强烈反对种族隔离政权，而黑人反对力量，其成员讲多种语言，在初期软弱无力且缺乏组织。 6. Such symbolism suggests that the users of the world's lingua franca should seek to benefit as fully as possible from the blessing and as far as possible avoid invoking the curse. 这一象征表明这种世界通用语的使用者应充分发掘这一幸事为我们带来的好处,同时尽能避免招来灾难。

研究生科技英语阅读课文翻译(1-10)

Unit 1 Genetically modified foods -- Feed the World? If you want to spark a heated debate at a dinner party, bring up the topic of genetically modified foods. For many people, the concept of genetically altered, high-tech crop production raises all kinds of environmental, health, safety and ethical questions. Particularly in countries with long agrarian traditions -- and vocal green lobbies -- the idea seems against nature. 如果你想在某次晚宴上挑起一场激烈的争论，那就提出转基因食品的话题吧。对许多人来说，高科技的转基因作物生产的概念会带来诸如环境、健康、安全和伦理等方面的各种问题。特别是在有悠久的农业生产传统和主张环保的游说集团的国家里，转基因食品的主意似乎有悖自然。 In fact, genetically modified foods are already very much a part of our lives. A third of the corn and more than half the soybeans and cotton grown in the US last year were the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the US this year. The genetic is out of the bottle. 事实上，转基因食品已经成为我们生活重要的一部分。根据农业部的统计，美国去年所种植玉米的1／3，大豆和棉花的一半以上都是生物技术的产物。今年，美国将种植6500多万英亩的转基因作物。基因妖怪已经从瓶子里跑出来了。 Yet there are clearly some very real issues that need to be resolved. Like any new product entering the food chain, genetically modified foods must be subjected to rigorous testing. In wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is tempered by the fact that we have a rich array of foods to choose from -- and a supply that far exceeds our needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fast-growing and underfed populations; the issue is simpler and much more urgent: Do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks? 但是，显然还有一些非常现实的问题需要解决。就像任何一种要进入食物链的新食品一样，转基因食品必须经过严格的检验。在富裕的国家里，由于有大量丰富的食品可供选择，而且供应远远超过需求，所以关于生物技术的争论相对缓和一些。在迫切想要养活其迅速增长而又吃不饱的人口的发展中国家，问题比较简单，也更加紧迫：生物技术的好处是否大于风险呢? The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the world's population reached 6 billion. And by 2050, the UN estimates, it will probably near 9 billion. Almost all that growth will occur in developing countries. At the same time, the world's available cultivable land per person is declining. Arable land has

研究生英语系列教材上unit1-原文+翻译

研究生英语系列教材上unit1-原文+翻译

TRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERS 核心员工的特征 What exactly is a key play？ 核心员工究竟是什么样子的? A “Key Player” is a phrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted. 几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。 I asked a client —a hiring manager involved in recent search — to define it for me. 我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。 “Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. “每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。 On my team of seven process engineers and biologists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without,” he said. 在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学

家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说， “Key players are essential to my organization. “他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。 And when we hire your company to recruit for us, we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just: 当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人： the staff that another manager will not want to see leave. 其他公司经理不想失去的员工。 We recruit only key players.” 我们只招募核心员工。” This in part of pep talk intended to send headhunters into competitor's companies to talk to the most experienced staff about making a change. 这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。

研究生英语阅读教程(提高版)课后翻译(带原文)

Lesson 1 1. Yesterday’s terrorism darkened, marked and forever altered the way Americans live their lives. 昨日发生的恐怖主义活动使美国人的生活暗淡无光，在他们的生活中留下了印迹，并永远地改变了他们的生活。 2. “We are going to have to learn what a lot of other countries have gone through: to manage fear at a cultural and national level,” said Charles Figley, a professor of trauma psychology at Florida State University. “We’re getting a lesson in the way fear works.” 佛罗里达州立大学创伤心理学教授查尔斯?费格里说:“我们得学一学其它许多国家曾经经历过的东西，那就是从文化上和在全国范围内来应对恐惧。”他还说:“我们正在体验恐惧是怎样起作用的。” 3. In a country long proud and even boastful of its openness—a country where an ordinary citizen can stroll through the U.S. Capitol unescorted—the terrorist attacks are likely to force Americans to a lot of that. Metal detectors now mark the front door of many government buildings, and security guards are a fixture in the lobby of most large office buildings. 美国是一个一向以开放自豪甚至洋洋得意的国家，在这里，人们可以独自在美国国会大楼中闲庭信步，而现在，恐怖袭击很有可能迫使美国人处处小心，惶惶不可终日。其实我们很大程度上已经是这样了。许多政府大楼的前门装设的金属探测器已然成为一道风景线，大部分的办公大楼里也必备保安。 4. But retaliation carries the risk of setting off a tightening spiral of violence and counterviolence not unlike the Middle East or Northern Ireland. Unlike countries that have had to learn to live with violence,”We are new at this,” said Florida’s Dr. Figley, who heads a project that has trained trauma teams in Yugoslavia.”My fear is we will overreach and make things worse rather than better by retribution, revenge, racism and marginalizing ethnic groups.” 报复有很大的危险，会引发和在中东及北爱尔兰一样的紧张的暴力和反暴力的恶性攀升。与那些不得不在暴力中学习如何生存的国家不同，“我们是新手，”曾在南斯拉夫训练过创伤急救队的项目负责人费格里博士说，“我所担心的是惩罚、报复、种族主义和排斥少数民族的举动会过于偏激，适得其反。” 5. Fear of terrorism is likely to lead Americans to tolerate more government surveillance—such as overhead video cameras at sporting events—than they have to date. “It’s very likely in the wake of today’s events that we’re going to see a greater acceptance on the public’s part—and on the court’s part—to approve certain kinds of police tactics,” said William Stuntz, a Harvard Low School professor. 对于恐怖主义的恐惧会使美国人接受比现在更多的来自政府的监控，例如在运动竞赛场上高架的摄象机。哈佛大学法学院教授威廉姆斯?斯汤资说，“经过目前前这些事件，我们将发现，无论是公众，还是法庭，都会在更大程度上接受某些警察的策略。” Lesson 5 戴维先到一步，事后他气愤地向我发难说当他告诉领班准备和谁一起吃饭时，领班的语气骤然逆转。一瞬间就从“这是个什么人？”变成“这边有请，先生。”当我们赶到时，拍照的人已经在饭店外忙个不停了。戴维开始嘲笑我是伦敦这家高级饭店里的知名人物。这时，我俩向屋内望去并同时看到了我们的偶像。

研究生英语阅读教程翻译8-11

Lesson 8 IV. Translation Put the following into Chinese. 1. Every war has had its songs that whipped up patriotic fervor or, in the case of the Vietnam War that encouraged protest against it. 每场战争都有自己的歌曲来唤起人们的爱国热情或者如在越南战争中鼓励人们反战。 2. The idea is to take a song that people like or that has particular meaning or emotional association for them and use it with new words, hoping that some of the liking, meaning, or emotional associations will transfer to the new ideas being communicated. And it often works. 改词是把一首人们喜爱或者对他们具有特殊意义或感情色彩的歌曲填上新词，希望把这种喜爱、意义或感情色彩带到正在传播的新观念中。通常这种方法很奏效。 3 As a result, a number of community and national groups have applied pressure on stations to keep these songs and performers off the air. These charges also stimulated investigations by the Federal Communications Commission, the regulatory agency charged with overseeing broadcast practices. 结果一些社团和全国性团体向电台或电视台施加压力让他们禁播这些演员的节目。这些指控也促使负责广播业的监管机构联邦通讯委员会开始进行调查。 4. Does it mean a station should permit no language or ideas in a song that it would not permit on the news or in a sports program? Or does it mean the station should recognize that different forms of communication or entertainment, or programs designed for different kinds of audiences, should have different standards concerning language and ideas? 这是否意味着在广播电台或电视台播放的歌曲中不允许出现那些在新闻或体育节目中禁止出现的语言和观念？或者这是否意味着电台或电视台应该承认不同的交流或娱乐形式，或是为不同听众设计的节目，在语言和观念上应该具有不同的标准？ 5. One author has suggested that popular music also serves a "rite of passage" function for young girls. The teenage singing idols may serve as non-threatening substitutes for actual boys until boys' maturation catches up with that of girls and some semblance of easy boy-girl relationships can be established. 一位作者指出流行音乐也成了女孩子们成熟的标志。在同龄男孩子成长为像女孩子那样成熟并能较容易地与女孩子建立朋友关系之前，少年歌星可能会成为不会对女孩子形成威胁的男友的替身。 V. Oral Practice and Discussion 1. How was music used during World War II and during the Vietnam War? 2. Describe peacetime uses of music. 3. List the major effects and functions of music. 4. Identify the basic issues in the FCC regulatory position. 5. What problems do you foresee in the development of record labeling plans? 6. Adaptation of popular or favorite songs is a persuasive tactic. Where is this technique used today? Cite several examples. (Hint: Advertising commercials) 7. If music shapes our perceptions and attitudes, then, should we be forced to listen to music in public places such as restaurants and shopping malls? 8. Are there other effects of music not included in this article?

研究生英语阅读答案

Unit 1 Genetically Modified Foods—Feed the World? (2)Finding it difficult to adapt to the climate there (3)to have no access to the health service (4)an important role in prospering and developing (5)a depression in yield and a reduction in quality (6)could have made a good salary (7)We cannot estimate the value of modern science and technology too much. (8)The insurance company will recoup the farmers for the loss caused by the flood. (9)During the SARS outbreak, the lack of hygiene in poor countries had devastating consequences to all people of the world. (10)T his University Library is one of the largest Libraries in China, with a stack of over 2.3 million volumes. It supports the University’s research and teaching across a full range of subjects, and provides information about the Library’s collections and services in each subject area. (11)T he recession has hit middle-income and poor families hardest, widening the economic gap between the richest and poorest Americans as job layoffs ravaged household budgets. (12)C hina's government declared two strains of genetically modified rice safe to produce and consume, taking a major step toward endorsing the use of biotechnology in the staple food crop of billions of people in Asia. China is the world's top producer and consumer of rice, so its use of modified varieties has the potential to alter the grain's global supply patterns. China's officials have been less constrained by public pressure over the sometimes-controversial use of biotechnology in food than officials in other countries. The government has long supported research into agricultural biotechnology as part of a drive to ensure the nation remains self-sufficient in staple crops. IV. Cloze 1. species 2. predictable 3. unrelated 4. different 5. into 6. produce 7. seeing 8. also 9. obvious 10. inserted 11. nobody 12. approved 13. apparently 14. humans 15. risks Unit 2 The Biology of Skin Color: Black and White (2)He was not severely punished for his crime (3)advance our knowledge of the HIV virus. (4)when taken according to the instruction (5)to have no access to the health service (6)He has some vague ideas about what to do