研究生英语综合教程下第三单元课文中英文对照 熊海虹

Unit3

奥斯陆

I remember on my first trip to Europe going alone to a movie in Copenhagen. In Denmark you are given a ticket for an assigned seat. I went into the cinema and discovered that my ticket directed me to sit beside the only other people in the place, a young couple locked in the sort of passionate embrace associated with dockside reunions at the end of long wars. I could no more have sat beside them than

I could have ask to join in--it would have come to mush the same thing--so I took

a place a few discreet seats away.

1记得我第一次去欧洲旅行的时候，我在哥本哈根独自一人去看电影。在丹麦，电影票是对号入座的。(此文来自袁勇兵博客)我走进电影院，发现在我的票对应的座位旁，只有一对年轻情侣。这对情侣如胶似漆地拥抱在一起，如同一场持久战争结束后码头上亲人的团聚。我很不情愿坐在他们旁边，就如我绝不会要求加入他们的行为一样——这两者对我来说并没有什么不同——因此我谨慎地隔几个座位坐了下来。

People came into the cinema, consulted their ticket and filled the seats around us. By the time the film started there were about 30 of us sitting together in a tight pack in the middle of vast and otherwise empty auditorium. Two minutes into the movie, a woman laden with shopping made her way with difficulty down my row, stopped beside my seat and told me in a stern voice, full of glottal stops and indignation, that I was in her place. This cause much paly of flashlights among the usherettes and fretful re-examining of tickets by everyone in the vicinity until word got around that I was an American tourist and therefore unable to follow simple seating instructions and I was escorted in some shame back to my assigned place.

2人们陆续地走进影院，参照电影票找到位子，在我们周围坐了下来。电影开场时，这个宽敞空旷的观众席中间，扎堆地坐了约30人。电影开场两分钟后，一个拎着大包小包购物袋的女士艰难地挤到我这排，在我座位旁停下，并用严厉的口吻愤怒地朝我用充满了喉塞音的丹麦语说道，我坐在了她的位子上。女引座员马上打开手电筒查看情况，身边所有的人都不安地重新确认自己票上的座位号，直到大家都清楚了，我是一个美国游客，因此没有遵循简单的就座指示。在羞愧中我被送回指定的位子。

So we sat together and watch the movie, 30 of us crowed together like refugees in an overloaded lifeboat, rubbing shoulders and sharing small noises, and it occurred to me then that there certain things that some nations do better than everyone else and certain things that they do far worse and I began to wonder why that should be.

3接下来我们坐在一起看电影，30人如同一艘超载的救生船上的难民一般挤作一团。肩膀相互摩擦着，忍受着各种细小的噪声。那时我想，有些国家在某些事情上做的比任何其他国家都好，然而在另外一些事情上，他们却糟糕很多。我开始思考为何会有如此反差。

Sometimes a nation's little contrivances are so singular and clever that we associate them with that country alone—double-decker buses in Britain, windmills in Holland (what an inspired addition to a flat landscape: think how they would transform Nebraska), sidewalk cafes in Paris. And yet there are some things that most countries do without difficulty that others cannot get a grasp of at all.

4有时候某个国家的小发明是如此独特和精巧，以至于我们总是由它而联想到这个国家——英国的双层巴士，荷兰的风车（给原本单调的景观增添了多么美妙的创意：想想这些风车是如何改变了内布拉斯加州），还有巴黎人行道上的露天咖啡馆。然而，也有一些事情，大部分国家能不费吹灰之力地办到，但某些国家却完全想不到。

The French, for instance, cannot get the hang of queuing. They try and try, but it is beyond them. Wherever you go in Paris, you see orderly lines waiting at bus stops, but as soon as the bus pulls up the line instantly disintegrates into something like a fire drill at a lunatic asylum as everyone scrambles to be the fist aboard, quit unaware that this defeats the whole purpose of queuing.

5比如说，法国人无法掌握排队的窍门。他们一遍遍地尝试，但这似乎超出了他们的能力范围。无论你去巴黎的任何地方，总会看到整齐的队伍在公交车站候车。但一旦公交车靠站，队伍立刻瓦解，就像精神病院的消防演习一样，所有人都争抢着第一个上车，完全没意识到，这样一来排队的意义就荡然无存了。

certain of the fundamentals of eating, as evidenced by their instinct to consume hamburgers with a knife and fork.To my continuing amazement, many of them also turn their fork upside-down and balance the food on the back of it. I've lived in England for a decade and a half and I still have to quell an impulse to go up to strangers in pubs and restaurants and say, "Excuse me, can I give you a tip that'll help those peas bouncing all over the table?"

6另一方面，英国人则不能领略吃的基本要领。证据就是他们本能地使用刀叉来食用汉堡。更令我惊讶的是，他们大多数都把叉子颠倒放置，将食物搁在它的背上。我已经在英国居住了 15年，但我仍不得不压制这种冲动，想要走向酒吧或餐馆里的陌生人说：“打扰一下，可以允许我告诉你一个小技巧吗？(此文来自袁勇兵博客)那样你就不会把豆子散落在整张桌子上了。

Germans are flummoxed by humor, the Swiss have no concept of fun, the Spanish think there is nothing at all ridiculous about eating dinner at midnight, and the Italians should never, ever have been let in on the invention of the motor car.

7德国人被幽默困扰，瑞士人对乐趣毫无概念，西班牙人丝毫不觉得在半夜吃晚饭有什么滑稽之处，而意大利人从不，也绝不会让别人告诉他们汽车是如何发明的。

One of the small marvels of my first trip to Europe was the discovery that the world could be so full of variety, that there were so many different of doing essentially identical things, like eating and drinking and buying cinema tickets. It fascinated me that Europeans could at once be so alike-that they could be so universally bookish and cerebral, and drive small cars, and live in little houses in ancient towns, and love soccer, and be relatively unmaterialistic and law-abiding, and have chilly hotel rooms and cosy and inviting places to eat and drink-and yet be so endlessly, unpredictably different from each other as well. I love the idea that you could never be sure of anything in Europe.

8这次欧洲之旅带给我很多惊奇的小事，其中一个就是我发现世界竟能如此多样化，对于本质上相同的事物处理起来却方式各异，比如说吃喝或是买电影票。有趣的是，欧洲人有时可以突然变得如此相似——他们普遍好学而理性，开着小车，住在古镇的小房子里，喜欢足球，不怎么注重物质生活，遵纪守法，而且他们住寒冷的宾馆房间，去温暖舒适的地方吃喝——然而却同时拥有着如此琢磨不透、永无止尽的差异。在欧洲没有什么是百分之百肯定的，对此我十分赞同。

I still enjoy that sense of never knowing quite what’s goi ng on. In my hotel in Oslo, where I spent four days after returning from Hammerfest, the chambermaid each morning left me a packet of something called Bio Tex Bla，a “minipa kke for ferie,hybel og weekend”, according to the instruction, I spent many happy hou rs sniffing it and experimenting with it, uncertain whether it was for washing out clothes or gargling or cleaning the toilet bowl. In the end I decided it was for washing out clothes—it worked a treat—but for all I know for the rest of the week everywhere I went in solo people were saying to each other, ”you know, that man smelled like toilet-bowl cleaner.”

9我仍然享受着对事情进展的未知感。从哈默菲斯特返回后，我在奥斯陆的宾馆呆了四天，女服务员每天早上都留给我一盒叫做Bio Tex Bla的东西，说明上说是一种“minipakke for ferie，hybelog weekend”。我不清楚它到底是用来洗衣服的，还是漱口的，或是用来淸洗抽水马桶的，我通过闻它的气味，并试验它各种可能的用法，度过了好几个快乐的小时。最后我判定它是甩来洗衣服的——它的确有效——然而就我所知，在奥斯陆度过的剩下几周中，无论我去哪儿，都听见有人互相议论：“你知道吗?那个人身上有马桶清洁剂的味道。”

When I told my friends in London that I was going to travel around Europe and write a book about it, they said, ”oh ,you must speak a lot of languages.”

10当我告诉伦敦的朋友，我将周游欧洲各地并将其写成书时，他们说：“喔，你肯定

会说很多语言吧。”

they would look at me as if I were crazy. But that’s the glory of foreign travel, as far as I am concerned. I don’t want to know what people are talking about, I can’t think of anything th at excites a greater sense of childlike wonder than to be in country where you are ignorant of almost everything. Suddenly you are five years old again. You can’t read anything, you have only the most rudimentary sense of how things work, you can’t even re liably cross a street without endangering your life. Your whole existence becomes a series or interesting guesses.

11 “为什么，我不会，”我会带着一点傲气回答，“我只会英语。”然后他们就看着我，好像我疯了。(此文来自袁勇兵博客)但是就我而言，那正是国外旅游的美妙之处。我并不想知道人们在说些什么。置身于一个对你而言完全陌生的国家，能激发一种孩子般的好奇心。除此之外，我想不出还有什么更好的办法。突然之间你又回到了五岁。你无法读懂任何东西，你对事物运行方式只有最基本的感知，你甚至无法安全地穿过马路。你的整个存在变成了一系列有趣的猜想。

I get great pleasure from watching foreign TV and trying to imagine what on earth is going on. On my first evening in Oslo I watched a science program in which two men in a studio stood at a lab table discussing a variety of sleek, rodent-like animals that were crawling over the surface and occasionally up the host’s jacket, “and you have sex with all these creatures, do you?” the host was saying.

12 看国外电视节目，试着想象到底发生了什么事，这让我乐此不疲。比如说，在奥斯陆的第一个晚上，我收看一个科学节目，演播室里的两个男子站在一张实验桌旁，讨论着一种有着光滑皮毛的貌似啮齿目的动物，它们在桌面上爬行，偶尔爬上主持人的外套。主持人正在说：“那么你与所有这些动物做爱，是吗？

“certainly,” replied the guest,” you have to be careful with the porcupines, of course, and the lemmings get very neurotic and hurl themselves off cliffs if they feel you don’t love them as you once did, basically these animals make very affectionate companions, and the sex is simply out of this world.”

13 “当然，”嘉宾回答道，“你必须对豪猪十分小心，当然，旅鼠若是感觉你不再像以前那样爱它们，会变得焦躁不安并跳下悬崖，但总的来说，这些动物是非常亲切的伴侣，并且性也是十分美妙的。

“well, I think that’s wonderful. Next week we’ll be looking at how you can make hallucinogenic drugs with simple household chemicals from your own medicine cabinet, but now it’s time for the screen to go black for a minute and then for the lights to come up suddenly on the host of the day looking as if he was just about to pick his nose. See you next week. ”

14 “哎呀，我觉得那很棒。下周让大家见识一下你是怎么用药柜中的简单家庭用药制造出致幻药的。(此文来自袁勇兵博客)该让荧幕空白几分光突然亮起，然后让灯光突然亮起，照在主持人身；让他看起来似乎就像正要抠鼻子。下周见。”

After Hammerfest, Oslo was simply wonderful. It was still cold and dusted with grayish snow, but it seemed positively tropical after Hammerfest, and I abandoned all thought of buying a furry hat. I went to the museums and for a day-long way out around the Bygdoy peninsula, where the city’s finest hou ses stand on the wooded hillsides, with fetching views across the icy water of the harbour to the downtown. But mostly I hung around the city center, wandering back and forth between the railway station and the royal palace, peering in the store windows along Karl Johans Gate, the long and handsome main pedestrian street, cheered by the bright lights, mingling with the happy, healthy, relentlessly, youthful Norwegians, very pleased to be alive and out of Hammerfest and in a world of daylight. when I grew co ld. I sat in cafés and bars and eavesdropped on conversations that I could not understand or brought out my Thomas Cook European Timetable and studies it with a kind of humble reverence, planning the rest of my trip.

15 去过哈默菲斯特后，就货得奥斯陆简直妙不可言。天气依然很冷，到处还撒着灰蒙蒙的雪花，但是比起哈默菲斯特来那可要暖和多了，这也让我彻底放弃了想要买毛皮帽的想法。我参观了博物馆，并花了一天时间游览巴度半岛，那里丛林茂密的山坡上矗立着该城市最美的房子，其视野可跨越海港冰面一直延伸到市区，十分迷人。但是大多数时间我就在市中心闲逛，在火车站和皇宫之间来回溜达，在卡尔约翰街向街旁的商店橱窗里张望。在路边明亮的灯光的照耀下,长长的卡尔约翰步行街富丽堂皇，与健康快乐、不屈不挠又充满朝气的挪威人融合在一起。我很高兴能离开哈莫斯菲特并来到这个充满活力、犹如白昼的世界。当我觉得寒意逼人时，我便进入咖啡馆或酒吧坐下，偷听那些我无法明白的对话，抑或拿出我的《托马斯库克欧洲时刻表》，满怀敬意地加以研究，做接下来的旅行安排。

Thomas Cook European Timetable is possibly the finest book ever produced. It is impossible to leaf through its 500 pages of densely printed timetables without wanting to dump a double armload of clothes into an old Gladstone and just take off. Every page whispers romance :“Montreux-Zweisimmen-Spiez-Interlaken”,

“Beograd-Trieste-Venezia-Verona-Milano”,“Goteborg-Laxa-Hallsberg-Stockholm”, “Ventimiglia-Marseille-Lyon-Pairs”. who could recite these names without experiencing a tug of excitement, without seeing in his mind’s eye a steamy platform full of expectant travelers and piles of luggage standing besides a sleek, quarter-mile-long train with a list of exotic locations slotted into every carriage? Who could read the names ”M oskva-Warzawa-Berlin-Basel-Geneve” and not want to climb abroad? Well, Sunny von Bulow for a start. But as for me, I could spend hours just poring over the tables, each one a magical thicket of times, numbers, distances, mysterious little pictograms showing crossed knives and forks, wine glasses, daggers, miner’s pickaxes(whatever could they be for?), ferry boats and buses, and bewilderingly abstruse footnotes.

16《托马斯库克欧洲时刻表》可能是已出版的最优秀的书籍。当你迅速翻阅了其500

页密密印刷的时间表后，你必然有冲动想要往旅行包内塞进两抱衣服，然后立刻出发。每一页都低声诉说着浪漫：蒙特勒——兹怀斯门——施皮茨——因特拉肯，贝尔格莱德——的里雅斯特——威尼斯——维罗纳——米兰，哥德堡——拉赫斯河——(哈尔斯贝里）——斯德哥尔摩，文堤米利亚——马赛——里昂——巴黎。无论是谁吟诵这些地名，都会感受到一股强烈的兴奋，想象着雾气蒙蒙的月台，以及在400多米长的流线型车厢旁，站满了期待的旅客，堆满了行李，每个车厢里都放着一张写着外国地名的列表。当读到莫斯科——华沙——柏林——巴塞尔——日内瓦这一系列地名时，又有谁不会伤感地羡慕那些能够横跨这个历史悠久的大陆的幸运儿呢?看过这樣的旅行安排，谁不想踏上行程呢？(此文来自袁勇兵博客)那么，桑尼.冯.比洛就是这样一个例子。但是对我来说，我可以花大量时间就这样凝视着这些列表，每一份都不可思议地包含了时刻、数量、距离、画着交叉刀叉、酒杯、匕首、矿工镐（不管做何用途）、渡轮和巴士的神奇小图，以及令人困惑的深奥脚注。

熊海虹主编研究生英语综合教程下-B翻译

Unit 1 To have a mind to do a thing is to foresee a future possibility; it is to have a plan for its accomplishment; it is to note the means which make the plan capable of execution and the obstructions in the way--or,if it is really a mind to do the thing and not a vague aspiration it is to have a plan which takes account of resources and difficulties. ——John Dewey 用心去做一件事，就是要预见未来的可能性，要为成功制定一个计划，要找到实施计划、避开障碍的方法——或者是一颗真正做事的心，而不是一个模糊的愿望，是考虑了所有资源和困难的计划。 ——约翰·杜威The Good Mind Is Flexible 优秀的头脑是灵活的 Edgar Dale埃德加?戴尔 1For many years we have talked about education in a changing society but have done little to educate for uncertainty. Perhaps the best insurance we can offer for this uncertainty is the presence of a good mind. To develop a good mind the student must learn how to learn and develop a taste for learning. The world of tomorrow needs flexible individuals, intellig ently mobile individuals, individuals who can land on their feet when their jobs become technologically obsolete, individuals who can cope with the unexpected. 1 多年来，我们一直在讨论日新月异的社会中的教育问题，却没有采取切实行动来教育人们如何应对变化。或许面对变化，我们的最佳保障是拥有优秀的头脑。要培养优秀的头脑，学生需要掌握学习方法，培养学习兴趣。未来的世界所需要的人才应该具备很强的适应能力，而且他们灵活而机敏，当其所从事的工作技术上落伍时，他们依然能够于逆境之中站稳脚跟，而且他们有能力应对突发的意外。 2To educate for flexibility we must distinguish between training and education. To train is to emphasize fixed responses, to stress immediate goals to the neglect of long-term growth . To educate, however, is to foster limitless growth, lifelong learning, to develop the good mind. 2 要培养灵活的头脑，我们需要区别什么是训练，什么是教育。训练就是加强固定的反应，重视即时目标，而忽略长远发展。教育则旨在促进无限的成长，鼓励终生的学习，培养优秀的头脑。 3Mark Twain's story about the cat is in order here. He said that a cat that jumps onto a hot stove will never jump on a hot stove again. Nor, he added, will she ever jump on a cold one. The cat can be trained but, contrary to what cat-lovers may say, cannot be educated.

研究生英语综合教程(上)熊海虹课文翻译

Unit One 核心员工的特征 大卫·G．詹森1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。 在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说，“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人：其他公司经理不想失去的员工。我们只招募核心员工。” 2这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。然而，每家公司也从新人中招人。他们要寻找的是完全一样的东西。“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。假如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把。”只是这样有点儿冒险。 3“这是一种有根据的猜测，”我的人事经理客户说。作为未来的一名员工，你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险，你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。 4特征1：无私的合作者 职业顾问和化学家约翰·费策尔最早提出了这个特征。关于这个特征，人们已经写了大量的文章。它之所以值得被反复谈及，是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。“这里需要合作，”费策尔说，“企业的环境并不需要单打独斗，争强好胜，所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。在企业环境中，没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。” 5许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色，并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。你可以藉此提高在公司的吸引力：为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。这个方法，加上你在描述业绩时开明地使用代词“我们”，而不是“我”，能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”。更为有利的是，要在你实验室内部，以及在和你们实验室合作的人们之间，培养一个良好声誉：一个鼓励并发动合作的人——还要保证让那些会接听调查电话的人们谈及你的这个品质。 6特征2：紧迫感 唐-豪特是一位给aaas.sciencecareers@org 网站论坛频繁写稿的撰稿人。他之前是一名科学家。许多年前他转向了企业，并一直做到高级管理的职位。他在3M公司一个部门负责策略和商业开发工作，这个部门每年上缴的税收高达24亿多美元。他就是一个重视紧迫感的人。 7“一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’。这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。” 8特征3：风险容忍度 企业要求员工能承受风险。“一名求职者需要表现出仅凭不准确、不完整的信息就做出决策的能力。他或她必须能接纳不确定因素并冒着风险做出结论，”一位客户在职业描述中写道。 9豪特赞同这一说法。“商业成功通常有这样一个特质：那就是能接受不确定因素和风险——个人的，组织上的和财务上的。这就让许多科学家感到不适应，因为学术上的成功其实是依靠认真而严谨的研究。更进一步说，伟大的科学常常是由找寻答案的过程和答案本身两者同时来定义的。因此科学家们往往沉迷于过程。在企业里，你需要了解过程，但最终你会迷上答案，然后根据你认为该答案对你的企业所具有的意义来冒风险。像这样敢冒风险是一套技能组合，是所有雇主在他们最好的员工身上所寻找的东西。”

研究生英语综合教程(上)熊海虹课后部分翻译答案 (1)1

第一单元 “一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。 “Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut. “One way that companies win is by getting …there? faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move q uickly, but you have to know how t o decide where …there? is! This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions. This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.” 最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师们来说，当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时，便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。 Lastly, professional status encompasses adherence to ethical standards. Most lawyers find self worth in setting an example—both within the profession and within the larger society—as ethical actors. When management affirms the special respect due to lawyers who act with the utmost integrity and civility in all of their professional dealings, it provides yet another form of compensation. 第四单元 很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友，在学校的表现，如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况，以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系情感连系。正是因为这些原因，人们与家庭成员的早期亲密关系才如此至关重要。在人情冷漠的环境中(如孤儿院，某些寄养家庭，或缺乏关爱的家庭)长大的孩子会出现情感和社会性发育不良，语言和运动技能迟缓，以及精神健康问题。Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults. It is for these reasons thatpeople's early intimate relationships within their family of origin1 are so critical. Children who are raised in impersonal environments (orphanage, some foster homes, or unloving families) show emotional and social underdevelopment, language and motor skills retardation, and mental health problems. 一开始让人相互吸引的是什么?许多人相信“世上有一个人是你为之而生的”，而且命运会将你俩带到一起。这样的想法很浪漫却不现实。实证研究发现，是文化标准和价值观而非命运，将人们连系在一起。我们错过了成千上万的可能的爱人，因为他们早就被正式的或非正式的挑选理想爱人的准则筛选出局，这些准则包括年龄、种族、地域、社会阶层、宗教、性倾向、健康状况或外表。 What attracts individuals to each other in the first place? Many people believe that "there's one person out there that one is meant for" and that destiny will bring them together. Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic. Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values, not fate, bring people together We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are "filtered out" by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due ton factors such as age, race, distance, Social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearanc e. 第五单元 做瑜伽没有场地的限制，一套瑜伽动作通常需要20 分钟到两个小时或者更多的时间，而一个小时左右的时间则是一系列动作和冥想的最佳选择。根据瑜伽师和学派的不同，一些瑜伽动作做起来辛苦异常，而另一些却只是在呼吸和心跳平稳的情况下调整和伸展肢体。每天练习瑜伽会达到最好的效果，随着动作越来越熟练，你就可以加大强度和难度这样瑜伽就能成为你相伴终生的日常锻炼方式了。练习基础的瑜伽动作即可收到增强力量，改善柔韧性并使人感到舒适的效果，但要想达到完美和高深的境界还是需要日积月累的练习，这也是瑜伽吸引人的地方之一。 Yoga routines can take anywhere from 20 minutes to two or more hours, with one hour being a good time investment to perform a sequence of postures and a meditation. Some yoga routines, depending on the teacher and school, can be as strenuous as the most difficult workout, and some routines merely stretch and align the body while the breath and heart rate are kept slow and steady. Yoga achieves its best results when it is practiced as a daily discipline, and yoga can be a life-long exercise routine, offering deeper and more challenging positions as a practitioner becomes more adept. The basic positions can increase a person?s strength, flexibility and sense of well-being almost immediately, but it can take years to perfect and deepen them, which is an appealing and stimulating aspect of yoga for many. 第七单元 人性的恒定性是众所周知的，因为没有人相信一个人能够从根本上改变他的本性。这就是为什么一个恶名远扬的人很难重建公众对他的信心。人们凭经验知道某一年中表现出无赖性格的人不太可能在第二年有任何改观。小偷也不会变成值得信赖的员工。吝

高校教师如何上好一门课

高校教师如何上好一门课（上） 2014-12-24教师教学发展中心 爱是上好一门课的基因 苏联教育家苏霍姆林斯基认为： 没有爱就没有教育。 课堂教学作为教育教学的重要组成部分，爱在其中的作用和地位是不言而喻的。对高等学校而言，一门好课需要一个学校、

一个学科、一个专业数年甚至数十年、一代人甚至几代人长期积累与凝练、继承与发展，其关键是高素质的教师队伍。而上好一门课则需要教师从入职到整个教师生涯在其教学与科研的过程中潜心钻研、积极探索、用心体会、长期积累和统筹兼顾，其关键是教师个体。 如果说上好一门课这棵参天大树的土壤是学科和专业的话，教师个体就是这棵参天大树的种子，爱则是种子的基因。基因的好坏优劣取决于爱的三个方面： ?知晓爱什么 ?明晰为何要爱 ?践行好如何爱 知晓爱什么和为何爱是上好一门课的基础和原动力 无论是对学校、学科还是对教师个体来说，上好一门课都是一项系统工程，知晓爱的对象、明晰为什么要爱是该系统工程的起点，也是其努力的方向。爱教师职业、爱学生、爱自己、爱课堂教学（四爱）既是上好一门课的基础，也是上好一门课不可或缺的四个方面。

爱教师职业 幸福的人生只有两类：爱自己从事的工作和从事自己所爱的工作。只有能从工作中获得乐趣和愉悦的人，才有可能将自己的显能和潜能发挥到极致。尽管条条道路通罗马，行行出状元，但人的喜好、知识、能力优势是不一样的。另一方面，作为选择了教师职业的高校学人，作为园丁和人类灵魂工程师的教师职业，在当今也是受人羡慕的。高校教师职业值得学人追求和终生热爱。在2013年公众眼中最具幸福感职业排行中，教师职业排行前三位。 教师职业承担着为人类、国家、社会、行业和家庭的未来培养人才的崇高使命。教师在从教过程中的言行举止和喜怒哀乐及其体现出的世界观、人生观和价值观，将对学生——未来社会的栋梁产生直接和潜移默化的重要影响，高校教师更是如此。因此，对教师而言，立其身、践其言、正其行是教师爱教师职业和爱岗敬业的不二选择。 爱学生

熊海虹(研究生英语综合教程上课后练习答案)

熊海虹(研究生英语综合教程上课后练习答案)

广为流传的进化说认为男性视性背叛为更大的罪恶是因为他们在经历漫长岁月后学会了对性极度警惕——他们永远不能绝对肯定孩子源于自己的血脉。而女人为情感不忠痛苦是因为他们担心没有配偶帮 助抚养后代 Unit One Task 1 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B Task 2 1.public(c) 2.discipline(b) 3.strength(a) 4.reference(a) 5.strength(d) 6.public(a) 7.demonstrated(b) 8.discipline(c) 9.references(c) 10.personality(a) 11.discipllining(d) 12.demonstrates(a) 13.public(d) 14.reference(b) 15.personality(c) Task 3 1.employment 2.paid 3.adjust 4.setting 5.discouraged 6.credit 7.cite 8.demonstrate

9.teamwork 10.rules Unit Two Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C Task 2 1. bud (n.); budding (adj.) 2. access (n.); access (v.) 3. taste (n.);tasted (v.) 4. fool (n.); fooling (v.) 5. produces (v.); produce (n.) 6. garnish (v.); garnishes (n.) 7. reigns (v.); reign (n.) 8. concern (n.); concerned (v.) 9. named (v.); name (n.) 10. practiced (v.); practice (n.) Task 3 1) integration 2) choice 3)

高等学校研究生英语系列教材-综合教程(上)主编熊海虹何莲珍 1-6单元 练习参考答案

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4. setting 5. discouraged 6. credit 7. cite 8. demonstrate 9. teamwork 10. rules Translation Practice Paragraph One “一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，生意始终在进行。这意味着一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，竞争也同样在进行。”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一，就是要更快到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。” Paragraph Two 最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师来说，当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时，便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。 Unit Two Arts of the Table Reading Focus Culinary Delights in China

熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程 下》课后习题答案

Unit One Task 1 1. provinces b. 2. woke a. 3.haunt b. 4.trouble a. 5.weathers d. 6.wakeb. 7.coined c. 8. trouble b. 9.weather c. 10. province c. 11. coin a. 12. value a. 13. haunts a. 14. has promised a. 15. trouble c. 16. coin b. 17. promise d, 18. values c. 19. refrain b. 20. valued e. Task 2 1. tranquil 2. ultimately 3. aftermath 4. cancel out 5.ordeal 6.drastic 7. legacy 8. deprivations 9. suicidal 10. anticipated 11. preoccupied 12. adversities 13. aspires 14. nostalgia 15, retrospect Task 3 1. a mind-blowing experience 2.built-in storage space 3.self-protection measures 4. short-term employment 5.distorted and negative self-perception 6. life-changing events 7. all-encompassing details 8.a good self-image Unit Two Task1 I. A. entertainment B. entertaining 2. A.attached B.attachment 3.A.historically B. historic 4. A. innovative B. Innovations 5. A. flawed B. flawless 6.A.controversy B. controversial 7. A. revise B. revisions 8. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/2215104106.html,mentary B. commentator 9.A. restrictive B. restrictions 10.10. A.heroic B. heroics Task 2 1. ethnic 2.corporate 3.tragic 4. athletic 5. underlie 6. stack 7. intrinsic 8. revenue 9. engrossed 10. award Task 3 1) revenues 2)receipts 3) economic 4)rewards 5)athletes 6) sponsor 7)spectators 8) maintain 9) availability 10) stadiums 11) anticipated 12) publicity

熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程 上》1-10单元原文+翻译(个人整理方便学习)

Unit One TRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERS David G. Jensen 核心员工的特征 大卫·G．詹森1 What exactly is a key player? A "Key Player" is a phrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted. I asked a client - a hiring manager involved in a recent search - to define it for me. "Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. On my team of seven process engineer and biologists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without," he said. "Key players are essential to my organization. And when we hire your company to recruit for us, we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just that: the staff that another manager will not want to see leave. We recruit only key players." 1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。 在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说，“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人：其他公司经理不想失去的员工。我们只招募核心员工。” 2 This is part of a pep talk intended to send headhunters into competitor's companies to talk to the most experienced staff about making a change. They want to hire a "key player" from another company. Every company also hires from the ranks of newbies, and what they're looking for is exactly the same. "We hold them up to the standards we see in our top people. If it looks like they have these same traits, we'll place a bet on them." It's just a bit riskier. 2这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。然而，每家公司也从新人中招人。他们要寻找的是完全一样的东西。“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。假如他们看起来有同样特征的话，我们就在他们身上赌一把。”只是这样有点儿冒险。 3 "It's an educated guess," says my hiring manager client. Your job as a future employee is to help the hiring manager mitigate that risk. You need to help them identify you as a prospective "key player". 3“这是一种有根据的猜测，”我的人事经理客户说。作为未来的一名员工，你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险，你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。

研究生英语综合教程下第三单元课文中英文对照 熊海虹

Unit3 奥斯陆 I remember on my first trip to Europe going alone to a movie in Copenhagen. In Denmark you are given a ticket for an assigned seat. I went into the cinema and discovered that my ticket directed me to sit beside the only other people in the place, a young couple locked in the sort of passionate embrace associated with dockside reunions at the end of long wars. I could no more have sat beside them than I could have ask to join in--it would have come to mush the same thing--so I took a place a few discreet seats away. 1记得我第一次去欧洲旅行的时候，我在哥本哈根独自一人去看电影。在丹麦，电影票是对号入座的。(此文来自袁勇兵博客)我走进电影院，发现在我的票对应的座位旁，只有一对年轻情侣。这对情侣如胶似漆地拥抱在一起，如同一场持久战争结束后码头上亲人的团聚。我很不情愿坐在他们旁边，就如我绝不会要求加入他们的行为一样——这两者对我来说并没有什么不同——因此我谨慎地隔几个座位坐了下来。 People came into the cinema, consulted their ticket and filled the seats around us. By the time the film started there were about 30 of us sitting together in a tight pack in the middle of vast and otherwise empty auditorium. Two minutes into the movie, a woman laden with shopping made her way with difficulty down my row, stopped beside my seat and told me in a stern voice, full of glottal stops and indignation, that I was in her place. This cause much paly of flashlights among the usherettes and fretful re-examining of tickets by everyone in the vicinity until word got around that I was an American tourist and therefore unable to follow simple seating instructions and I was escorted in some shame back to my assigned place. 2人们陆续地走进影院，参照电影票找到位子，在我们周围坐了下来。电影开场时，这个宽敞空旷的观众席中间，扎堆地坐了约30人。电影开场两分钟后，一个拎着大包小包购物袋的女士艰难地挤到我这排，在我座位旁停下，并用严厉的口吻愤怒地朝我用充满了喉塞音的丹麦语说道，我坐在了她的位子上。女引座员马上打开手电筒查看情况，身边所有的人都不安地重新确认自己票上的座位号，直到大家都清楚了，我是一个美国游客，因此没有遵循简单的就座指示。在羞愧中我被送回指定的位子。 So we sat together and watch the movie, 30 of us crowed together like refugees in an overloaded lifeboat, rubbing shoulders and sharing small noises, and it occurred to me then that there certain things that some nations do better than everyone else and certain things that they do far worse and I began to wonder why that should be. 3接下来我们坐在一起看电影，30人如同一艘超载的救生船上的难民一般挤作一团。肩膀相互摩擦着，忍受着各种细小的噪声。那时我想，有些国家在某些事情上做的比任何其他国家都好，然而在另外一些事情上，他们却糟糕很多。我开始思考为何会有如此反差。

高等学校研究生英语系列教材综合教程(下)熊海虹【打印版】1-6-9-10词汇

Unit 1 Task1 Task2 1. The __tranquil（安宁的）_ atmosphere of the inn allows guests to feel totally at home. 2. Technological advances might _ultimately（最终）_ lead to even more job losses. 3. In the __aftermath（余波）__ of the shootings, there were calls for tighter controls on gun ownership. 4. Her kindness and generosity __cancel out（抵消）__ her occasional flashes of temper. 5. He was beginning to wonder if he would survive the _ordeal（折磨）__. 6. Foreign food aid has led to a __drastic（猛烈的）_ reduction in the numbers of people dying of starvation. 7. Perhaps her most important __legacy（遗产）__ was her program of educational reform. 8. There were food shortages and other __deprivations（匮乏）_ during the Civil War. 9. The new economic policies could prove ___suicidal（自我毁灭）__ for the party. 10. The building will be completed around six months earlier than ____anticipated（预料的）__. 11. The experience was enough to keep him ____preoccupied_（心事重重）__ for some time. 12. The road to happiness is paved with __adversities（逆境）__. 13. She __aspires（渴望）____ to nothing no less than the chairmanship of the company. 14. He might be influenced by ___nostalgia（思乡情）__ for the surroundings of his happy youth. 15. In ___retrospect（回顾）_, I wish that I had thought about alternative courses of action. Task3 1. Watching your baby being born is __a mind-blowing experience___ (极其令人兴奋的经历). 2. There is _built-in storage space__ (内置储藏空间) in all bedrooms. 3. This handout focuses on ___self-protection measures__ (自我保护措施) under difficult climatic conditions. 4. I’m sure we could offer you some ___short-term employment__ (短期的工作). 5. So, how is it that we all, or at least many of us, have such a ___distorted and negative self-perception__ (歪曲的、否定的自我观念)? 6. Helen Hunt stars as a character undergoing _life-changing events_ (改变了生活的事件) in Then She Found Me. 7. She has written a book that is beautiful because of the honesty and the raw emotion that is portrayed in __all-encompassing details__ (无所不包的细节). 8. Having a decent job contributes to ___a good self-image__ (一个好的自我形象). Unit 6 Task1 1. Slavery was abolished（废除）in the United States in the 19th century. (Ended) 2. I’ll never be unfaithful again. I give you my solemn（严肃的）word. (Serious) 3. Do they observe Christmas Day in that country? (Celebrate) 4. Nothing will stop them in their quest for truth. (Search) 5. Management has given a pledge（保证）that there will be no job losses this year. (Promise) 6. These monuments are a vital part of the culture heritage（继承）of South America. (Inheritance) 7. Signing this form commits you to buying the goods. (Obligates)（使。。。承担责任） 8. The Social Departments are now in alliance with the Greens. (Union) 9. The hot sunny days were tempered（缓和的）by a light breeze. (Softened) 10. The room was converted from a kitchen to a lavatory. (Changed) 11. He was found guilty of subversion（颠覆，破坏）and imprisoned(颠覆和监禁). (Sabotage)