大学英语教材4unit1课后练习答案

Iisten and Respond

Zooming In on the Details

1)endangered 2) threats 3) resource 4) diet 5) satisfy

6) harvested 7) declining 8) supplies 9) excessive

10) starvation

Words in action

1. 1) disaster; 2) compelled; 3) historical;

4) disciplined; 5) destruction; 6) output;

7) retreat; 8) abandoned; 9) trace;

10) eternal; 11) investment; 12) transfer;

13) justify; 14) nonetheless; 15) contributions;

16) accelerate; 17) threaten.

2. 1) show signs of; 2) called upon; 3) off limits;

4) in fear of ; 5) slow down; 6) cut down;

7) from head to foot; 8) come by; 9) lost out;

10) As yet; 11) reside in.

Increasing your word power

1. web+log; breakfast+lunch; medical+care;

Motor+hotel; net+citizen; science+ fiction;

Work+alcoholic.

2. 1) anthropology: the scientific study of the human race, especially of its origins, development, customs and beliefs;

2) archaeology;

3) ecology;

4) geology: the study of rocks, soils, etc. which make up the Earth, and of their changes during the history of the world.

5) ideology;

6) musicology: the study of the history and theory of music;

7) psychology;

8) sociology: the scientific study of the nature and development of society and social behaviour;

9) zoology.

3. 1) individua; 2) contradictory; 3) destructive;

4) rational; 5) primitive; 6) synthetic;

7) distant; 8) pessimistic; 9) irreplaceable;

10) enormous.

Grammar review

1. 1) she wished us health and success in the new year.

2) he asked how we are getting along with our work.

3) Jack said to me that I would be happy to know that his condition had improved.

4) Rose asked Jack whether he was sure his mother would like the idea.

5) He asked John how long he had been waiting for them.

6) She said I needn’t have done all that myself.

2. 1) The strikers protested to the police that they had no right

to arrest them.

2) He promised that he would give us whatever assistance we needed.

3) He agreed (that) was the best solution to the problem.

4) My sister admitted that it was she who had broken the glass.

5) He declard that he meant what he said and would never go back on his word.

6) The man insisted that we give an explanation of what had happened.

7) Mrs. Jones complained that no one showed concern for the elderly in that country.

8) The sales manager explained that he couldn’t give us a definite answer because he had not received instructions from his company.

Cloze

1) realm; 2) elemental; 3) obtain; 4) stubbornly;

5) transfrred; 6) transformed; 7) subdued; 8) expansion;

9) irreplaceable; 10) extinct; 11) dynamic; 12) verge;

13) moderate; 14) ecological; 15) rational;

Translation:

1. The village is so close to the border that the villagers live in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.

2. In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power.

3. This company has evolved into one of the major chemical manufacturing bases in this region.

4. Given the current finacial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued.

5. The government’s call for suggestions about the control of water pollution produced very little response from the citizens.

6. The weather showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods.

7. At one time scientists thought that there was nothing smaller than an atom but now most people know that an atom consists of even smaller particles.

8. The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup, spending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV .

9. The department store lost out because loans were very hard to come by and it should not start business on time.

10. We can’t go there for a walk because there is a navy base there, which is off limits to tourists.

2.

Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are not only dwellers in nature, but also transformers of it. With the development of society and its economy, people tend to become less dependent on nature directly, but indirectly their dependence grows. Human beings are connected with nature by "blood" ties. No one can live outside nature. However, the previous dynamic balance between man and nature has shown signs of breaking down. Problems such as the population explosion, ecological imbalance and the shortage of natural resources have become major factors keeping human society from being further developed. Professor Spirkin holds that the only choice for human beings is the wise organization of production and care for Mother Nature

Sample Essay

My Understanding of Environmental Protection

Man and the environment are closely related. Man relies on the environment for water, food and shelter. A harmonious relationship between man and the environment is essential for human survival on the earth.

However, man and the environment have never been on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, man’s

transformation of nature has severely polluted his living environment. Deforestation leads to changes in rainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts and sandstorms. The discharge of chemical

Pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other beings. And mass production has resulted in the shortage of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and oil. If we take no immediate and effective steps to protect our environment, human being may be the next species to become extinct.

We should do our best to protect our environment by planting more trees, taking care of wildlife, reducing industrial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy fines on environmentally-unfriendly activities, so as to preserve the environment for future generations.