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新视野大学英语单元二词汇

新视野大学英语单元二词汇
新视野大学英语单元二词汇

Unit 2

Section A:

|<1>pat |vt. |touch sb. or sth. lightly and repeatedly with a flat hand |轻拍

| | | |The teacher patted the student on his shoulder, encouraging him to try harder next time. |老师在学生的肩膀上拍了拍,鼓励他下次更加努力些。

| | | |The little boy felt uncomfortable whenever people patted him on the head. |每次人们拍他的头时,小男孩总是感到不舒服。

| | |n. |[C] a friendly act of touching sb. or sth. with a flat hand |轻拍

| | | |Jim used to give his dog a pat before he left for work in the morning. |吉姆以前常常在早上离家上班前拍拍他的狗。

| | | |My boss gave me a pat on the back to show his satisfaction with my work. |老板在我背上拍了一下,以示对我的工作很满意。

|@ |<2>presence |n. |[U] the fact or state of being present |在场;出席

| | | |Your presence is requested. |敬请光临。

| | | |I should have dressed myself more formally tonight. I wish nobody would notice my presence! |今晚我本该穿得更正式些的。真希望没有人会注意到我的存在!

|@ |<3>promising |a. |showing signs of being successful in the future |有前途的;有希望的

| | | |The promising student couldn't go on with his studies because his family was too poor to afford it. |因为家境贫穷无法供他求学,这个本来很有前途的学生无法继续读书了。

| | | |I would like to work in a promising company like yours. |我希望在如贵公司一样有前途的公司里就职。

| |<4>amateur |a. |doing sth. just for pleasure; not professional |业余的

| | | |My elder brother is an amateur photographer, but he really takes very nice pictures. |我哥哥是个业余摄影师,但他拍的照片真的很棒。

| | | |The amateur football players meet twice a week for practice. |这些业余足球运动员每周集训两次。

| | |n. |[C] sb. who does sth. just for pleasure |业余爱好者

| | | |Only amateurs will be allowed to participate in this match. |只有业余爱好者才能参加此项比赛。

| | | |Some amateurs can perform at such a high level that even professionals sing high praise for them. |有些业余爱好者表现得非常好,即使那些专业人员都对他们大加赞叹。

| |<5>skier |n. |[C] a person who skis |滑雪者

| | | |an amateur skier |业余滑雪运动员

| |<6>session |n. |1. [C] a period of time used for a particular purpose |(从事某项活

动的)一段时间

| | | |There will be a question-and-answer session before the final examination. |期末考试前会有一堂答疑课。

| | | |Can you get two tickets for the guitar session? |你能弄到两张吉它演奏会的门票吗?

| | | |2. [C] a formal meeting |会议

| | | |This year's session of Congress was unusually long. |今年国会的会期特别长。

| | | |Can you tell me when the next session of Parliament will begin? |你能告诉我议会下一次会议何时召开吗?

|@ |<7>amusing |a. |able to make people laugh or smile; interesting |有趣的

| | | |His amusing answer made all of us laugh. |他有趣的回答把我们大家都逗笑了。

| | | |I didn't even smile after he told his joke. I didn't find it amusing at all. |他讲完笑话后我甚至都没微笑一下。我觉得那一点都不有趣。

|@ |<8>lower |vt. |1. reduce sth. in amount, price, degree, strength, etc. |减少;降低

| | | |The price will be lowered from $150 to $100 to attract more customers. |为了吸引更多的顾客,价格将从150 美元降到100美元。

| | | |The baby has just fallen asleep. Would you please lower your voice? |宝宝刚入睡,你能声音轻些吗?

| | | |2. move sb. or sth. down from a higher position |降下

| | | |National flags were lowered to half-mast in memory of this great man. |国旗下半旗以纪念这位伟人。

| | | |The old man lowered his hand so that the pigeons could eat the corn out of his palm. |老人把手放低了些,让鸽子能吃到他掌心的玉米粒。

| |<9>anniversary |n. |[C] a date on which sth. special or important happened in a previous year |周年纪念日

| | | |The couple were thinking of a romantic dinner for their wedding anniversary. |夫妇俩正考虑去吃一顿浪漫的晚餐来庆祝结婚周年纪念日。

| | | |It will be the 50th anniversary of the foundation of this nation tomorrow. |明天将是这个国家建立五十周年纪念日。

| |<10>woolen |a. |(BrE woollen) made of wool |羊毛的

| | | |a woolen scarf |羊毛围巾

| | | |a woolen coat |羊毛外套

| |<11>romantic |a. |relating to feelings of love or a loving relationship |浪漫的

| | | |The woman writer is famous for her romantic love stories. |这为女作家因她所著的浪漫爱情小说而闻名。

| | | |Everything looked quite romantic under the night sky dotted with thousands of stars. |在繁星点点的夜空下,一切都显得很浪漫。

| |<12>gratitude |n. |[U] the feeling of being grateful |感激;谢意

| | | |I showed my gratitude to Susan by sending her a box of chocolate. |我给苏珊送了盒巧克力以示谢意。

| | | |I owe a debt of gratitude to you. I couldn't have achieved anything without your support. |我真得感谢你们。没有你们的支持,我不可能做成任何事情。

| |<13>perceptivity |n. |[U] the ability of being quick to notice and understand |知觉;理解力

| | | |You can always sense her perceptivity whenever she makes comments on something. |每次她就某事发表评论时,你总能感觉到她敏锐的洞察力。

| | | |The writer is worth admiring for his outstanding perceptivity and memory. |这位作家因其超群的洞察力和记忆力而值得钦佩。

| |<14>ski |vi. |slide over snow on skis, as a sport or a way of traveling |滑雪

| | | |Salt Lake City will be a good choice if you want to go skiing. |如果你们想去滑雪,盐湖城会是个不错的选择。

| | | |We had a great time skiing in the mountains last weekend. |上周末我们在山上滑雪,玩得十分开心。

| |<15>massive |a. |large in size, quantity, degree, etc. |大的;严重的

| | | |They made massive efforts to carry out the research with limited budget. |他们作了大量的努力,用有限的预算进行着研究。

| | | |I was impressed by the massive walls surrounding that ancient city. |环绕古城四周的高大的围墙给我留下了深刻的印象。

| |<16>fatigue |vt. |make sb. tired |使疲劳

| | | |Having been climbing the mountain for two hours, we all felt fatigued. |我们已经连续爬了两小时的山,都感到很疲惫。

| | | |Whenever he felt fatigued, he got angry easily. |他每次感觉疲惫时都很容易发怒。

| | |n.|[U] great tiredness |疲乏,疲劳

| | | |The girl looked pale with fatigue after the long journey. |长途跋涉之后,那女孩因疲惫而脸色苍白。

| | | |I ran for another two kilometers before I stopped because of fatigue. |我在感觉疲惫而停下来之前,又跑了两千米。

|★|<17>clearing |n. |[C] a small area where there are no trees, esp. in a forest |(林中)空地

| | | |They found a clearing in the forest and took a rest there. |他们发现了一小块空地,在那里休息了一下。

|@ |<18>approximately |ad. |about; nearly |大约,大概

| | | |She has lost approximately 10 pounds since I met her last time. |从我上

次遇见她后,她已经减了大约十磅体重。

| | | |The train will arrive in approximately five minutes. |火车大概五分钟后到达。

| |<19>breeze |n. |[C] a light wind |微风,和风

| | | |Colorful flags danced in the breeze. |微风中彩旗飘舞。

| | | |The warm spring breeze kisses the earth and the green grass grows. |和煦的春风亲吻大地,绿草儿长了出来。

| |<20>powder |n. |[C, U] a kind of substance in the form of very fine dry grains |粉末;粉状物

| | | |baby powder |婴儿爽身粉

| | | |milk powder |奶粉

| |<21>fuss |v. |(about, over) complain over small matters |(因小事)抱怨;小题大做

| | | |I'm afraid you're fussing too much about your health. Just follow the doctor's advice and you'll be fine. |恐怕你过于关注你的健康了。听从医生的建议, 你的身体就不会有问题的。

| | | |Don't fuss; we will solve this problem for you immediately. |不要大惊小怪的,我们会马上替你解决这个问题。

| | |n. |[sing., U] a lot of unnecessary worry or excitement about sth. |小题大做;大惊小怪

| | | |Why are you making so much fuss over losing 100 yuan? |你为什么对丢了100元钱如此小题大做呢?

| | | |Why is she so excited? She must be making a fuss about nothing again. |她为什么这么激动?肯定又是在为一些无谓的事情大惊小怪。

| |<22>indifferent |a. |(to) not interested in; not caring |漠不关心的;冷漠的

| | | |Seeing his sick mother lying on the bed, his manner was rather indifferent. |看到他生病的母亲躺在床上,他的态度十分冷漠。

| | | |Many girls wear skirts in the winter, seeming indifferent to the cold. |很多女孩在冬天穿着裙子,看上去对寒冷毫不在意。

| |<23>rebel |vi. |(against) fight against sb. in authority or against an idea or situation |造反;反叛;反抗

| | | |The poor rebelled against the emperor but were defeated quite soon. |穷人起来反抗皇帝,但很快就被镇压了。

| | | |Her parents wanted her to become a doctor, but she rebelled and went to study in a normal university. |她父母希望她能当一名医生,但她却不听从他们的意见上了一所师范大学。

| | |n. |[C] a person who rebels |造反者,反叛者,反抗者

| | | |No one would believe that the priest was one of the anti-government rebels. |没有人会相信神父是反政府分子的一员。

| | | |Duke is kind of a rebel; he never does a thing the way most people do it. |杜克是个叛逆者;他从来不以大多数人的方式做事。

| |<24>rebellious |a. |opposing people in authority or rules of behavior |反叛的;反抗的

| | | |The experienced teacher knew how to deal with some students' rebellious behavior. |这个经验丰富的老师知道怎样处理有些学生叛逆性的行为。

| | | |If you just swear at your boy whenever he does something wrong, he might become more and more rebellious. |如果你儿子每次做了错事后你只是对他加以责骂,他可能变得越来越叛逆。

| |<25>bachelor |n. |1. [C] an unmarried man |未婚男子

| | | |I don't like the idea of getting married, so I will remain a bachelor all my life. |我不喜欢结婚,所以我会一辈子单身。

| | | |She rented a bachelor flat and settled down. |她租了套单身公寓,安顿了下来。

| | | |2. [C] a first university degree |学士(学位)

| | | |a Bachelor of Science |理学士

| | | |a Bachelor of Arts |文学士

| |<26>low-budget |a. |not spending much money |预算低的;花费不多的| | | |Lucy is planning for a low-budget trip around Europe this summer holiday. |露西正计划今年暑假花不多的钱去欧洲旅游一趟。

| | | |Though they are not rich, Lesley set aside some money every month for a low-budget dinner outside, which was a great pleasure for the whole family. |虽然他们并不富裕,莱斯莉每月都留出一点钱大家出去吃一顿花费不太大的晚餐,这对全家人来说都是一件开心的事。

|@ |<27>shift |v. |change position or direction; move from one place to another |转移;移动;变换

| | | |Julie shifted her position slightly and smiled. |朱莉稍微换了一下姿势,笑了。

| | | |The emphasis has shifted in recent years. |最近几年重点发生了变化。

|▲|<28>makeshift |a. |used at the time because there is nothing better |权宜的;暂时的

| | | |He couldn't find his way before it got dark, so he decided to find a makeshift shelter for the night. |他无法在天黑前找到路,所以决定先找个临时的过夜之处。| | | |This is just a makeshift plan for the moment; we may work out a better one. |这只是个临时计划,我们可能还会制订更好的。

| |<29>stack |vt. |put things so that they stand one on top of another |堆放

| | | |The postman was stacking the packages up against the wall. |邮递员正把包裹靠墙堆放起来。

| | | |We just moved in, so the floor is still stacked with boxes.|我们刚搬进

来,所以地板上还到处堆放着箱子。

|@ |<30>sticky |a. |made of or containing material which can stick to sth. else |黏的;黏性的

| | | |The mother asked her boy not to touch her skirt with his sticky fingers. |妈妈让儿子别用黏糊糊的手指碰她的裙子。

| | | |Your hand will get sticky if you hold chocolate in it. |如果你把巧克力拿在手里,手会发黏的。

| |<31>mate |n. |[C] a fellow workman or friend |伙伴,同伴

| | | |workmate |同事

| | | |schoolmate |同校同学;校友

| |<32>teammate |n. |[C] a fellow person in a team |队友

| | | |I practiced with some of my teammates every day even after the training session was over. |即使在集训期结束以后,我还是每天和一些队友一起训练。

| | | |Dale seems to be good at cooperating with his teammates. |戴尔看来很善于和队友合作。

| |<33>assert|vt. |state or declare sth. firmly |断言;声称

| | | |Ada asserted that the short man was the one who attacked her that night. |埃达断言那个矮个子男人就是那天晚上袭击她的人。

| | | |The man asserted his innocence, but I didn't think he was worth trusting. |那个男人坚持说自己是无辜的,可我认为他不值得信任。

| |<34>napkin |n. |[C] |餐巾(纸)

| | | |It's important to make proper use of napkin in a formal dinner. |正式的宴会上,正确使用餐巾十分重要。

|@ |<35>swear | |(swore, sworn) |

| | |vi. |(at) curse |咒骂

| | | |The boss swore at the waitress when she broke a plate. |女服务员打破了一只盘子,老板就咒骂起她来。

| | | |The man swore at the dog barking at him. |男人咒骂着对他吼叫的狗。| | |vt. |make a promise to do sth. |发誓

| | | |All soldiers swore to fight for the independence of their nation. |所有的士兵宣誓为国家的独立而战。

| | | |The maid swore she would never tell the secret to anybody. |女仆发誓永远不会把这个秘密告诉任何人。

| |<36>damn|a. | |该死的;讨厌的

| | | |I can't open the damn window. |我打不开这该死的窗户。

|@ |<37>unfair |a. |not right or just |不公平的;不公正的

| | | |It is unfair that all of us got punished for the mistake made by one of us. |我们因为一个人犯错而全体受罚,很不公平。

| | | |Angered by the unfair treatment, they asked for an apology. |不公正待遇使得他们很生气,要求对方赔礼道歉。

| |<38>outburst |n. |[C] a sudden expression of a strong emotion, esp. anger |爆发(burst out)

| | | |Hearing an outburst of weeping from the neighboring apartment, I realized the husband was abusing his wife again. |听到隔壁公寓里传出一阵抽泣声,我意识到那个丈夫又在虐待自己的妻子了。

| | | |I knocked at my sisters' room, wondering what had caused an outburst of laughter there. |我敲了敲姐妹们的房门,想知道是什么引起了里面的一阵哄然大笑。

| |<39>passion |n. |[C, U] a strong feeling about sth. or a strong liking for sth. |激情;热情

| | | |The young couple kissed each other with passion before they said “goodbye”to each other. |那对年轻夫妇深情相吻,然后互道再见。

| | | |Working with passion and devotion, Baron got promoted quickly. |巴伦工作热情又投入,很快得到了提升。

|@ |<40>persist |v. |continue to do sth. in spite of opposition or warning |坚持

| | | |I'm afraid he cannot stay here any longer—he simply persists in causing trouble to us. |恐怕他不能再呆在这儿了──他根本就是不停地在给我们惹麻烦。

| | | |It seems that you persist in trying to annoy me. What is your purpose for doing this? |看来你坚持要惹我生气。你这样做的目的是什么?

| | |vi.|continue to exist or happen |继续存在或发生

| | | |All kinds of rumors about the high official's divorce persisted for quite a long time. |有关这位高官离婚的种种传闻流传了相当长的一段时间。

| | | |The drought persisted for months and people prayed to Heaven for rain. |干旱持续了几个月,人们祈求天神降雨。

|@ |<41>frown |vi. |make an angry, unhappy, or confused expression, moving the eyebrows together |皱眉

| | | |Trying to concentrate on his study, Jim frowned at the noises from outside. |吉姆正努力集中精力学习,外面的噪音让他不快地皱起了眉头。

| | | |The boss frowned all the time as he read the financial report of the company. |老板阅读公司财务报告时一直皱着眉头。

| |<42>billion |num. |(AmE) |十亿

| | | |Currently, China has a population of about 1.3 billion. |中国现今人口约13亿。

|@ |<43>rank |vi. |have a particular position in a list of people or things |位于...等级(或地位)

| | | |Our success in research ranked as one of the greatest achievements in this field. |我们在研究上取得的成功被列为该领域最大的成就之一。

| | | |Some high-ranking officials will make an inspection to our university next Monday. |一些高官将于下周一视察我校。

| | |vt. |decide the position of sb. or sth. based on importance or quality |排列

| | | |All fruits were ranked neatly in the boxes. |水果全都整整齐齐地排列在盒子里。

| | | |Ranking the shoes in the shop window, the assistant didn't even look up at me when I talked to her. |售货员正在排列橱窗里的鞋,我和她说话时她都没抬头看我。

| | |n. |[C, U] the position or level that sb. holds in an organization;one's social position |职位;社会地位

| | | |He held the rank of Chief Executive Officer. |他担任首席执行官一职。| | | |He dreamed of marrying a woman from a family of rank and thus paving the way for him later entering the upper circle. |他梦想着娶一位名门之后,以便为自己日后进入上层社会铺平道路。

| |<44>ranking |n. |[C] a position on a scale that shows how good sb. or sth. is when compared with others |排名;级别

| | | |He has the poorest ranking in his class. |他在班里排名最后。

|■|<45>indissoluble |a. |impossible to destroy |坚不可摧的

| | | |The tie between these two nations seemed indissoluble for a time, but it broke easily after the dispute. |这两个国家之间的关系一度看来是牢不可破的,但由于这一争端轻易就破裂了。

| | | |The indissoluble friendship between us is the thing I value most in the world. |我们之间深厚的友谊是我在这世界上最为看重的东西。

|@ |<46>bond|n. |[C] sth. that unites two or more people, such as love, a shared interest, etc. |联系;纽带(a band between A and B)

| | | |Though the twins quarrel wit h each other sometimes, they can always feel a close bond between them. |虽然这对双胞胎有时相互争吵,但他们总能感到彼此密切相连。

| | | |That experience resulted in a special bond between the two strangers. |那次经历使得两个陌生人之间形成了一种特殊的关系。

| |<47>tropical |a. |relating to the tropics |热带的

| | | |Tropical flowers are very expensive in this market. |这个市场里热带花卉卖得非常贵。

| | | |Enjoying my winter holiday in a tropical area, I could hardly imagine it had been constantly snowing in my hometown. |在热带地区度寒假的时候,我很难想象我的家乡一直在下雪。

Phrases and Expressions

| |<48>next to |beside or very near to sb. or sth. |靠近;接近

| | |I put these two pictures next to each other for comparison. |我把两张照片放到一起来比较。

| | |The mysterious villa stood silently next to a church. |那栋神秘的别墅静立在教堂旁边。

| |<49>in sb.'s presence/in the presence of sb. |in the same place as sb. |有某人在场

| | |I wonder why this young man always seems nervous in my presence. |我不知道为什么这个年轻人在我面前总显得很紧张。

| | |You should be a gentleman in the presence of ladies. |在女士们面前你应该表现得像个绅士。

| |<50>by no means |(used to emphasize a negative statement) not at all |决不,决非

| | |I will by no means tell the secret to him without your permission. |不经你的许可我决不会把秘密告诉他。

| | |He is by no means the richest person in this neighborhood. |他决不是这个地区的首富。

| |<51>count on|depend on |依靠;依赖;指望

| | |You cannot count on others for your own future. |你自己的将来不能指望别人。| | |You can always count on him; he is such a reliable person. |你总能依靠他;他非常让人信赖。

| |<52>on one occasion |once |有一次

| | |On one occasion, she wore an improper dress to my birthday party. |她有一次穿了一件极不合适的衣服来参加我的生日聚会。

| | |On one occasion, she was robbed when she went home late from the office.|她有一次很晚从公司回家时遭到了抢劫。

| |<53>come upon|meet sb. or find sth. by chance |偶然遇见;偶然发现

| | |I came upon my favorite singer at the airport. |我在机场偶然遇见了自己最喜欢的歌手。

| | |We came upon a shabby wooden house in the middle of the wood. |我们偶然发现在树林中央有一所破旧的木屋。

| |<54>pack into |put in a very small place |塞进;使挤入

| | |She was trying to pack everything into the cupboard. |她正试着把所有的东西都塞进小橱里。

| | |Believing that she would never come back, Susan packed her belongings into two suitcases and left. |苏珊把她的东西塞进两只行李箱后离开了,相信自己永远都不会再回来了。

| |<55>take notice of |notice |注意到

| | |Have you taken notice of his strange behavior today? |你有没有注意到他今天奇怪的行为?

| | |Father seemed to take little notice of my unhappiness and sat down for his supper. |

父亲看来没注意到我的不快,坐下来吃晚饭了。

| |<56>sing out |shout or sing some words clearly and loudly |(大声清晰地) 喊出(或唱出) | | |We all sang out our wishes for the future at the top of the mountain. |在山顶,我们都大声说出了对未来的期望。

| | |Joan sang out her plan, believing that it was much better than others'. |琼相信她的计划比其他人的要好得多,于是就大声说了出来。

| |<57>point out |tell sb. sth. |指出

| | |It has been pointed out that students need more time for relaxation. |已经有人指出学生需要更多的时间休息娱乐。

| | |When we drove along the river, the guide pointed out some places of interest. |沿着河边行驶的时候,向导把几处名胜指给我们看。

| |<58>reflect on |think deeply about; consider carefully |仔细考虑

| | |After reflecting on the problem for some time, he worked out a solution and then felt relieved.| 仔细考虑这个问题后他想出了一个解决办法,这时他才感觉松了口气。

| | |Each time she reflected on the good old days, she couldn't help complaining about her present difficulties. |每次她想起旧日的美好时光,总禁不住为目前的困境而抱怨。

| |<59>in advance |doing something before a particular date or event |事先,预先

| | |We are always quite full at this season of the year, so we suggest you book a room in advance. |每年的这个季节我们酒店总是很满,所以建议您提前预订房间。

| | |We will send you our latest price list so that you can make a study of it in advance. |我们会寄给您最新的价格单以供您事先研究一下。

Proper Names

| |<60>Nikolai Petrovich Anikin | |尼克莱·彼德罗维奇·安尼金(人名)

| |<61>Nagano | |长野(日本城市名)

| |<62>Salt Lake City | |盐湖城(美国犹他州首府)

Section B:

|@ |<1>competition |n. |[U] the activities of competing |竞争

| | | |There has always been intense competition between companies for bigger market shares. |公司之间一直进行着激烈的竞争,以获得更大的市场份额。

| | | |Five students were selected to go in for the provincial physical competition. |有五位学生被挑选参加全省的物理竞赛。

|@ |<2>sake |n. |(for the ~ of) |

| | | |1. [U] for the purpose of |为了...目的

| | | |Do you think that I am talking for the sake of talking? Please listen carefully!

|你以为我是在为讲话而讲话?请仔细听着!

| | | |2. [U] for the good or benefit of |为了...好处

| | | |I understand that Father is strict with me just for my sake. |我明白父亲是为了我好才对我要求严格。

| | | |The poor mother worked day and night to make money for the sake of her sick daughter. |可怜的母亲为了生病的孩子日夜劳作挣钱。

| |<3>athlete |n. |[C] sb. who competes in sports competitions |运动员

| | | |Carl Lewis is one of the most extraordinary athletes in the US. |卡尔·刘易斯是美国最卓越的运动员之一。

| | | |Do you believe that athletes compete with each other for nothing but honor? |你相信运动员仅仅是为了荣誉而相互竞争吗?

|@ |<4>sacrifice |vt. |give up sth., esp. for a good purpose or belief |牺牲;奉献

| | | |It is absolutely unwise to sacrifice your health for your work. |为了工作牺牲健康绝对是不明智的。

| | | |My wife sacrificed a lot to take good care of the baby. |为了照顾宝宝,我妻子牺牲了很多。

| |<5>injury |n. |[C,U] a wound or damage to part of one's body |伤害;损害

| | | |All construction workers should be insured against injury at work. |所有的建筑工人都应该保工伤险。

| | | |Tears came to her eyes when she saw the serious injuries on her boy's legs. |她看到儿子腿上严重的伤口,眼眶里不禁盈满了泪水。

|@ |<6>exploit|vt. |use sth. fully so as to get benefit from it |利用;剥削

| | | |It has been reported that his company exploits the employees in various ways. |据报道他的公司以各种方式剥削工人。

| | | |I won't exploit your difficulty to beat you in competition. |我不会利用你的困难来在比赛中取胜。

|@ |<7>glory |n. |[U] great honor |光荣;荣誉

| | | |The athletes came back with glory after they won the championship. |运动员们夺得冠军后载誉归来。

| | | |Those who sacrificed themselves for the sake of our nation deserve everlasting glory. |为了我们国家而牺牲自己的人应该获得永恒的荣誉。

|@ |<8>virtue|n. |[C] a good quality in character or behavior |美德

| | | |The young man was admired by all because of his virtues: courage and truthfulness. |年轻人因为勇敢和诚实的美德而受到大家的钦佩。

| | | |A man of virtue deserves respect no matter whether he is rich or not. |有德行的人无论贫富都值得尊重。

|@ |<9>determination |n. |[U] the strong will to do sth. |决心;毅力

| | | |My sister is a girl of determination—once she decides to do something, she will never gives up easily. |我妹妹是个意志坚强的人——她一旦下决心做某事,就绝不会轻易放弃。

| | | |The athletes' determination is something worth admiring. |运动员们的毅力是值得赞赏的。

| |<10>dash |n. |1. [sing., C] a short race for runners |短距离赛跑

| | | |His classmates cheered for him after he won the first prize in the 100-meter dash. |他在100米短跑中获得第一名后,同班同学为他欢呼。

| | | |2. [sing., C] a sudden, quick run |奔;冲

| | | |The dog made a dash for the strangers and frightened them away. |狗向陌生人冲了过去,把他们吓走了。

| | | |Hearing the fire alarm, she made a dash for the door. |一听到火警声,她就往大门奔去。

| | |vi. |run quickly and suddenly |奔;冲

| | | |The young man dashed through the crowd to catch the thief. |年轻人从人群中冲过去抓小偷。

| | | |When he was dashing cross the street to catch the bus, he knocked down a middle-aged woman. |他冲过街道去赶公共汽车时撞倒了一位中年妇女。

| |<11>competitive |a. |1. liking to compete |喜欢竞争的;好胜的

| | | |She is always after something because of her competitive nature. |由于她争强好胜,总是在追求些什么。

| | | |My brother is so competitive that he always tries to be the best in everything. |我弟弟非常好胜,任何事情都要尽力做到最好。

| | | |2. relating to competition |竞争的;有竞争力的

| | | |To remain competitive in the local market, our products need to be improved. |我们的产品需要加以改进才能保持在当地市场的竞争力。

| | | |I promise to offer you the most competitive price. |我保证给你最具竞争力的价格。

| |<12>defy|vt. |1. do sth. that is considered impossible; challenge |向...挑战(challenge) | | | |I defy you to prove that I am wrong. |我倒要看看你能不能证明是我错了. | | | |Carl's friends defied him to jump into the river from the bridge. |卡尔的朋友们激他从桥上跳到河里去。

| | | |2. refuse to obey sb. or sth. |违抗;不服从

| | | |Many kids defy their parents and play the computer games for hours everyday. |很多孩子不听父母的话,每天要打好几个小时的电子游戏。

| | | |When the teacher asked the boy to come to the front, he defied her by remaining in his seat. |老师让那男孩到前面来,他却不服从,仍旧坐在自己座位上。

|★|<13>stopwatch |n. |[C] a watch used for measuring the exact time it takes to do sth., esp. in a race |秒表

| | | |A stopwatch is different from a wrist watch. |秒表和普通手表不一样。

|@ |<14>pursue |vt. |1. continue doing an activity or trying to achieve sth. over a long period of time |从事;追求

| | | |Seeing that no agreement would be reached at the meeting, they decided not to pursue the matter any more. |他们发现在会上不可能达成任何协议,于是决定不再继续讨论此事。

| | | |Pursuing her study in a foreign country, she always felt homesick. |她在异国求学时经常想家。

| | | |2. chase sb. or sth. in order to catch them |追赶;追逐

| | | |The hunter had been pursuing a wounded bear for days in the forest. |猎人连续几天都在森林里追捕一只受伤的熊。

| | | |The policeman wounded himself while pursuing an escaped prisoner. |警察在追捕逃犯的时候受了伤。

|@ |<15>strip|n. |[C] a narrow piece |条;带

| | | |a strip of paper |纸条

| | | |a strip of land |一块狭长的土地

| | |vt. |remove the covering of sth. |剥去;除去

| | | |It took me several hours to strip the wallpaper from the walls. |我花了几小时将壁纸从墙上撕下来。

| | | |The girl stripped leaves off the mulberry tree to feed her silkworms. |女孩从桑树上摘下桑叶来喂蚕。

|@ |<16>singular |a. |1. very great or very noticeable |卓越的;非凡的

| | | |He showed singular wisdom in dealing with the matter. |他处理这一事件时展现了非凡的智慧。

| | | |His singular achievements rank him among the greatest scientists. |他卓越的成就使他成为最伟大的科学家之一。

| | | |2. of or being a word representing one |单数的

| | | |The noun "datum" is singular; it's the singular form of "data". |名词datum是单数,它是data一词的单数形式。

|@ |<17>phenomenon |n. |1. [C] sb. or sth. that is very unusual |奇才;奇迹

| | | |His son could recite lots of poems at three and was considered a phenomenon. |他儿子三岁时就能背诵许多诗,被认为是奇才。

| | | |Unable to explain natural phenomena, ancient people believed in the existence of many gods. |古代人因为无法解释大自然的奇特现象,就相信许多神的存在。

| | | |2. [C] an event or situation that can be seen to happen or exist |现象

| | | |The modern society has witnessed the increasing phenomenon of the single parent family. |现代社会单亲家庭的情况越来越普遍。

| | | |In my home town, heavy snow in winter is a common phenomenon. |我家乡冬天下大雪是很平常的事儿。

| |<18>phenomenal |a. |very unusual; very great or impressive |异常的;惊人

| | | |The hero showed phenomenal courage in danger and saved quite a few people from the big fire. |这位英雄在危险中表现出非凡的勇气,从大火中救出了很多人。

| | | |Look! The sun now looks like a ring! What a phenomenal view! |看!太阳现在看上去是个圆环!真是奇异的景象啊!

|@ |<19>horizon|n. |1. (~s) the limit of one's ideas, knowledge, and experience |范围;眼界;视野

| | | |Many people travel around to broaden their horizons. |许多人四处旅游以开阔眼界。

| | | |While reading extensively, Dora found her horizons expanded. |多拉博览群书的同时发现自己的视野也随之开阔了。

| | | |2. (the ~) the line far away where the sky seems to meet the earth |地平线

| | | |The sun disappeared below the horizon gradually and the day ended. |太阳逐渐消失在地平线下,白天结束了。

| | | |Seeing a ship appear on the horizon in the distance, the man went almost wild with joy. |看见一只船出现在远处的地平线上,那人简直欣喜若狂。

| |<20>sprinter |n. |[C] an athlete for a short race |短跑运动员

| | | |He is a well-known sprinter. |他是著名短跑运动员。

| |<21>observer |n. |1. [C] sb. who sees or looks at sth. |观看者

| | | |He has been a devoted observer of nature since his childhood. |他从小就是一个热衷于观察大自然的人。

| | | |The stories told by the observers were almost the same. |旁观者们的讲述几乎是一致的。

| | | |2. [C] sb. who attends meetings, events, etc. to observe what is happening |观察员

| | | |The committee will send several observers to be present at the meeting. |委员会将派几名观察员出席会议。

| | | |The president suggested that a team of UN observers should be sent to the Mid-east peace talk. |总统建议应该派一队联合国观察员参加中东和平谈判。

|@ |<22>crack|n. |[C] a sudden loud sound |爆裂声;劈啪声

| | | |Hearing a crack of a gun, the police rushed in and saw the man lying on the floor, dead. |警察听到枪响后冲了进去,看到这人躺在地板上,已经死了。

| | | |Did you hear a crack just now? Something must have happened! |你刚才有没有听到爆裂声?肯定出事了!

| | |v. |1. (cause to) make a sudden loud sound |(使)发出爆裂声

| | | |The rider cracked his whip and the horse ran even faster. |骑马的人把鞭子挥得啪啪作响,马儿跑得更快了。

| | | |Thunder cracked while it was raining very heavily. |大雨滂沱,雷声轰隆。| | | |2. (cause to) break |(使)破裂

| | | |The glass on the table was cracked but not broken. |桌上的玻璃裂了,但还没

碎。

| | | |I don't know when the bowl cracked, but I will throw it away now. |我不知道桌上的碗什么时候裂开来的,但我现在就扔掉它。

| |<23>trail |vi. |move slowly, esp. behind other people |拖沓地走;无精打采地慢走| | | |Bob trailed along the street, wondering where he could find a job. |鲍伯沿街无精打采地走着,不知哪儿能找到工作。

| | | |Feeling very tired, the girl trailed behind her friends on the way back home. |在回家的路上,女孩感到十分疲惫,慢吞吞地走在朋友们的后面。

| | |vt. |follow sb. secretly |跟踪;尾随

| | | |The hunter trailed the wounded bear to its cave. |猎人追踪受伤的熊到了它的洞穴。

| | | |I trailed her to the railway station and then she disappeared suddenly. |我跟踪她到了火车站,她这时突然就消失了。

|@ |<24>explosive |a. |1. sudden and rapid |迅猛的

| | | |There was an explosive growth in our business in the early 1990s. |我们的业务在二十世纪九十年代早期有个迅猛的增长。

| | | |The small city has taken on a new look because of its explosive development. |这个小城市因为发展迅速已呈现出一派新气象。

| | | |2. likely to explode |易爆炸的;易发作的

| | | |Explosive materials must be kept far away from fire. |易爆炸的物品必须远离火苗。

| | | |Don't talk about explosive issues with your business partners when you are chatting with each other. |当你和商业伙伴闲聊时,不要谈论容易引起争端的事件。

| | |n. |[C, U] a substance that can cause an explosion |爆炸物

| | | |Explosives must be handled carefully. |爆炸物必须小心轻放。

| | | |The police searched his apartment and found one hundred pounds of explosives. |警察搜查他的公寓,发现了一百磅的爆炸物品。

|@ |<25>overcome |vt. |(overcame, overcome) fight and win against sb. or sth. |战胜;击败| | | |The parents tried to help their little girl to overcome her fear of darkness. |父母设法帮助他们的小女孩战胜对黑暗的恐惧。

| | | |You must be self-confident enough to overcome difficulties. |要克服困难,你必须有足够的自信。

|@ |<26>committee |n. |[C] a group of people chosen to do a particular job or for special duties |委员会

| | | |The government decided to set up a special committee to deal with this problem. |政府决定设立一个专门的委员会来处理这一问题。

| | | |All committee members were required to make a close study of the report. |所有的委员会成员都被要求仔细研究一下这份报告。

|@ |<27>indicate |vt. |show that sth. is true or exists |表明;显示

| | | |He shook his head to indicate that he didn't agree with me. |他摇头表示不同意我的看法。

| | | |Our research indicates that women are better than men at dealing with stress. |我们的研究表明女人比男人更擅长处理压力。

|■|<28>steroid|n. |[C] |类固醇

| |<29>conquest |n. |[U] the act of taking control of sb. or sth. |攻占;占领;征服

| | | |This region was once one of the French conquests in Africa. |这地区曾经是法国在非洲的占领地之一。

| | | |People used to talk bout the conquest of nature, but now we realize we must stay in harmony with it. |人们过去常常谈论征服大自然,但我们现在意识到了我们必须和自然和平相处。

| |<30>condemn |vt. |express strong disapproval of sb. or sth. |谴责

| | | |People all condemned him for ill-treating animals. |大家都谴责他虐待动物。| | | |Those who always act selfishly without consideration for others should be condemned by all. |那些经常行为自私而不考虑他人的人应该受到大家的谴责。

|★|<31>condemnation |n. |[C, U] the act of condemning |谴责

| | | |The young man kept swearing at his mother despite others' condemnation. |尽管别人都谴责他,年轻人还是继续咒骂他的母亲。

| | | |His rude behavior deserves condemnation. |他粗鲁的行为应该受到谴责。

|@ |<32>opponent |n. |[C] sb. who takes the opposite side, esp. in playing or fighting |对手;敌手

| | | |He has only a small chance of beating his opponent. |他击败对手的希望渺茫。

| | | |As a very traditional person, old Jim was always an opponent to new ideas. |老吉姆是个非常传统的人,总是反对新思想。

|@ |<33>deny |vt. |1. say that sth. is not true, or that one does not believe sth. |否认

| | | |Why should I deny it if I really said those words to her? |如果我真的对她说了那些话,为什么要否认呢?

| | | |There is no denying that my sister is more beautiful and intelligent, but it doesn't mean that she could insult me. |无可否认我妹妹比我更美丽聪慧,但这并不意味着她可以侮辱我。

| | | |2. not allow sb. to have or do sth. |拒绝(给予)

| | | |The girl was denied the chance of the job just because of her gender. |女孩仅仅因为她的性别而没有得到工作机会。

| | | |It does no good to your boy if you never deny him anything. |如果你对儿子有求必应,对他并没有任何益处。

|@ |<34>counter |v. |reply to a criticism that one disagrees with |反驳

| | | |He is so arrogant that he countered any criticism of him. |他非常自大,对他的任何批评他都会反驳。

| | | |She had tried every means to counter the original charge, but failed. |她想尽了一切办法想要推翻原判,但都失败了。

| |<35>rumor |n. |(BrE rumour) [C, U] information that is passed from one person to another and which may or may not be true |谣言,传闻

| | | |Rumor has it that the general manager will leave his position next month. |有传言说总经理将于下个月离职。

| | | |I just wonder where all these rumors about her illness come from. |我正想知道有关她生病的种种传说是哪里来的。

| |<36>formula|n. |1. [C] a method or set of principles for dealing with a problem or achieving a result |方法;方案

| | | |We're still searching for a peace formula. |我们仍在寻求取得和平的方案。| | | |Her formula for success should be written down and turned into a book. |她的成功秘诀应该写成书出版。

| | | |2. [C] a series of numbers or letters that represent a rule in science or mathematics |公式;方程式

| | | |The scientist was famous for developing a series of physical formulas. |这位科学家因创立一系列的物理公式而著名。

| | | |chemical formulas |化学公式

| |<37>suspicion |n. |1. [C, U] a feeling of not trusting sb. or sth. |猜疑;不信任

| | | |When asked whether he had told the truth, he didn't even dare to look at me, which aroused my suspicion. |当被问到是否讲了真话时,他都不敢看着我,这就引起了我的猜疑。

| | | |Lily treated everyone with suspicion, no matter how well she knows him. |丽丽对每个人都持怀疑态度,不管她有多了解他。

| | | |2. [C, U] a feeling that sb. has done sth. wrong |怀疑;疑心

| | | |On hearing that her boyfriend had been arrested under suspicion of spying, the girl was greatly astonished. |当听说自己的男朋友因涉嫌犯了间谍罪而被逮捕时,女孩惊呆了。

| | | |On suspicion of using drugs, the athlete was required to go through a drug test. |这位运动员因被怀疑使用了药物而被要求进行药检。

| |<38>erosion |n. |[U] the process by which sth. is gradually reduced or destroyed |侵蚀;腐蚀

| | | |Soil erosion might be prevented if more trees can be planted here. |如果能在这儿种植更多的树木,就有可能预防土地受侵蚀。

| | | |The president's speech did little to prevent the erosion of people's confidence in the government. |总统的演说没能阻止人们逐渐对政府失去信心。

| |<39>participation |n. |[U] the act of taking part in an activity or event |参与,参加

| | | |The participation of the middle management in decision-making will do good to our company. |中间管理层参与决策将对我们公司有利。

| | | |These students were praised for their active participation in campus activities. |这些学生因积极参加校园活动而受到表扬。

|■|<40>sprint |vi. |run at one's fastest speed, esp. at a short distance |冲刺

| | | |The racers sprinted towards the finish line. |赛跑者们冲向终点线。

| | | |I had sprinted to meet her as she got off the bus. |她下车时,我已飞奔过去迎接她。

|★|<41>relay |n. |[C] |接力赛

| |<42>reception|n. |1. [sing.] a welcome for sb. or sth. |接待;欢迎

| | | |The official felt somewhat surprised at the cool reception he got in his home town. |这位官员对在家乡受到的冷遇有些惊讶。

| | | |The president got an unfriendly reception during his visit to that European country. |总统在出访那个欧洲国家时受到的接待并不友好。

| | | |2. [C] a large formal party to welcome sb. or to celebrate sth. |招待会;欢迎会| | | |They are making preparations for a reception to welcome the new mayor. |他们正在为欢迎新市长而举行的招待会做准备。

| | | |About five hundred people will be present at the wedding reception. |大概会有五百个人出席婚宴。

| |<43>amazing |a. |causing great surprise |令人惊异的

| | | |The film is so amazing that I'd like to see it again. |这部电影太精彩了,我想再看一遍。

| | | |It's really amazing that all three of her daughters are students of Tsinghua University. |她的三个女儿都是清华大学的学生,这太令人吃惊了!

Phrases and Expressions

| |<44>act as |have the role or function of |作为

| | |The blind man has a nice dog acting as a reliable guide for him. |这个盲人有一条不错的狗当他可靠的向导。

| | |My dictionaries act as great helpers in my study. |我的词典是我学习中的好帮手。

| |<45>above all |most importantly |最重要的是

| | |And above all, your room must be kept clean all the time. |最重要的是,你的房间必须一直保持整洁。

| | |We should respect people around us, above all those elderly people. |我们应该尊重身边的人,尤其是老人。

| |<46>not hear of it |refuse to accept a suggestion or offer |不听;拒绝听取

| | |If I suggested you stop working and have a rest, I know you wouldn't hear of it. |虽然我建议你停下工作来休息一会儿,可我知道你不会那样做的。

| | |When my father asked me to spend more time preparing for the exam, I simply wouldn't hear of it. |我父亲要求我多花些时间准备考试时,我就是不愿意。

| |<47>set one's mind on|be determined to do sth. or obtain sth. |决心做某事(或得到某物)| | |Having set his mind on a better job, Joe began to read job advertisement in newspapers carefully. |乔伊下定决心找份更好的工作后便开始仔细阅读报上的招聘广告。

| | |If you have set your mind on a nice future for yourself, study hard from now on. |如果你决心为自己创造一个美好的未来,那就从现在开始努力学习吧。

| |<48>set the stage for|make preparations for an event to take place |为...做好准备

| | |They have done everything to set the stage for the coming conference. |他们已经为即将召开的会议作好了一切准备。

| | |Susan is the head of the group responsible for setting the stage for the opening ceremony. |苏珊是负责为开幕式做准备工作的小组组长。

| |<49>focus on |1. arrange the lens in an instrument so as to obtain a clear picture of sth. |聚焦于

| | |All cameras were focused on the movie star when she tripped and fell. |当那位影星绊倒时,所有的照相机都对准了她。

| | |The detective focused his telescope on his target. |侦探把望远镜对准了他的目标。

| | |2. concentrate on sth. and pay particular attention to it |集中(精力)于

| | |George was so sleepy that he couldn't focus on his work at all. |乔治太困了,根本无法集中精力工作。

| | |We will focus on some complaints made by our customers in today's meeting. |今天的会议上我们将主要讨论客户的一些投诉。

| |<50>be used to (doing) sth. |be familiar with sth. because of having done or experienced it many times |习惯于

| | |Janet doesn't complain any more when her colleagues smoke at the office—she has simply become used to it. |同事们在办公室抽烟时,珍妮特不再抱怨了——她完全已经习惯了。

| | |Being used to working overtime, she would put some chocolate into her handbag every morning. |她习惯了加班工作,每天早上都会在包里放些巧克力。

| |<51>hold one's breath |stop breathing for a moment because of anxiety or excitement |屏住呼吸

| | |People held their breath when the chairman was declaring which city would host the 2008 Olympics. |当主席宣布将由哪个城市主办2008年奥运会时,人们屏住了呼吸。

| | |The horror movie made us hold our breath from time to time. |恐怖片使得我们不时地屏住呼吸。

| |<52>strip sb. of sth.|take property, rights, titles, etc. away from sb. |剥夺

| | |His wife said she would always be with him even if he were stripped of everything.

|他妻子说即使他变得一无所有她也会一直和他在一起的。

| | |The athlete was stripped of the honor and banned from the Olympics for the rest of his life. |那名运动员被取消了奖牌,并终生不得参加奥运会。

| |<53>charge sb. with sth. |say openly that sb. has done sth. wrong |指控;控诉

| | |The nice-looking girl was charged with stealing the jewels on exhibition. |这个漂亮的女孩被指控偷了展览会上的珠宝。

| | |While he was charged with murder, he asserted he was not guilty. |虽然他被指控犯了谋杀罪,他仍然宣称自己是无辜的。

Proper Names

| |<54>Carl Lewis | |卡尔·路易斯

| |<55>Ben Johnson | |本·约翰逊

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