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新视野大学英语读写第三版第三册原文及翻译

新视野大学英语读写第三版第三册原文及翻译
新视野大学英语读写第三版第三册原文及翻译

Never, ever give up!

1 As a young boy, Britain's great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill, attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a good student, and had he not been from a famous family, he probably would have been removed from the school for deviating from the rules. Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not preclude him from going on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career whereby he was later elected prime minister. He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage in his refusal to surrender during the miserable dark days of World War II. His amazing determination helped motivate his entire nation and was an inspiration worldwide.

英国首相温斯顿·丘吉尔小时候就读于一所名为哈罗的公立学校。他不是一个好学生,如果他不是来自一个有名的家庭,他可能会因为背离校规而被开除出学校。谢天谢地,他在哈罗大学毕业了,他的错误并没有妨碍他继续上大学。他最终有了一个陆军总理的职业生涯,后来他被选为首相。他以机智、智慧、公民责任和在二战黑暗的日子里拒绝投降的勇气而出名。他惊人的决心有助于激励他的整个国家,也是全世界的灵感来源。

2 Toward the end of his period as prime minister, he was invited to address the patriotic young boys at his old school, Harrow. The headmaster said, "Young gentlemen, the greatest speaker of our time, will be here in a few days to address you, and you should obey whatever sound advice he may give you." The great day arrived. Sir Winston stood up, all five feet, five inches and 107 kilos of him, and gave this short, clear-cut speech: "Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! Never, never, never, never!"

在他担任总理的时期即将结束之际,他被邀请在他的旧学校哈罗向爱国青年发表演讲。校长说:“年轻的先生们,我们这个时代最伟大的演讲者,几天后将到这里向你们讲话,你们应该听从他给你们的任何合理建议。”伟大的一天到来了。温斯顿爵士站了起来,他身高五英尺五英寸,体重107公斤,简短而清晰地说:“年轻人,永不放弃。永不放弃!永不放弃!从不,从不,从不,从不!”

3 Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas —none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success. No task is too hard. No amount of preparation is too long or too difficult. Take the example of two of the most scholarly scientists of our age, Albert Einstein and Thomas Edison. Both faced immense obstacles and extreme criticism. Both were called "slow to learn" and written off as idiots by their teachers. Thomas Edison ran away from school because his teacher whipped him repeatedly for asking too many questions. Einstein didn't speak fluently until he was almost nine years old and was such a poor student that some thought he was unable to learn. Yet both boys' parents believed in them. They worked intensely each day with their sons, and the boys learned to never bypass the long hours of hard work that they needed to succeed. In the end, both Einstein and Edison overcame their childhood persecution and went on to achieve magnificent discoveries that benefit the entire world today.

个人历史、教育机会、个人困境——这些都不能抑制致力于成功的坚强精神。没有任务太难。准备的时间不要太长或太难。以我们这个时代最有学术价值的两位科学家为例,阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和托马斯·爱迪生。双方都面临巨大的障碍和极端的批评。两人都被老师称为“学习慢”,并被他们的老师当作白痴注销。托马斯·爱迪生逃学是因为他的老师因为问太多问题而不断鞭打他。爱因斯坦直到九岁时才说得流利,他是一个很穷的学生,有些人认为他无法学习。然而,两个男孩的父母都相信他们。他们每天都和儿子们一起努力工作,孩子们学会了永远不要绕开他们要成功所需的长时间辛勤工作。最后,爱因斯坦和爱迪生都克服了童年时代的迫害,继续取得了有利于当今世界的伟大发现。

4 Consider also the heroic example of Abraham Lincoln, who faced substantial hardships, failures and repeated misfortunes in his lifetime. His background was certainly not glamorous. He was raised in a very poor family with only one year of formal education. He failed in business twice, suffered a nervous breakdown when his first love died suddenly and lost eight political elections. Later in life, he suffered profound grief over the tragic death of three of his four children. Yet his strong will was the spur that pushed him forward, strengthening his optimism, dedication and determination. It intensified and focused his efforts and enabled him to triumph over the overwhelming failures and profound difficulties in his life. A hundred years later, people from around the world commend Abraham Lincoln as the greatest American president of all time.

再想一想亚伯拉罕·林肯的英雄例子,他在有生之年面临着巨大的困难、失败和反复的不幸。他的背景肯定不光彩。他在一个非常贫穷的家庭长大,只有一年的正规教育。他的生意两次失败,他的初恋突然去世,八次政治选举失败,他精神崩溃。晚年,他为四个孩子中的三个不幸去世而深感悲痛。然而,他的坚强意志是推动他前进的动力,加强了他的乐观、奉献和决心。它加强和集中他的努力,使他能够战胜压倒性的失败和生活中的深刻困难。一百年后,来自世界各地的人们称赞亚伯拉罕·林肯是有史以来最伟大的美国总统。

5 Just like Churchill and Lincoln, only those who "keep their eyes on the prize", those who uphold a committed and focused will and spirit, will find their endeavors successful. Many artists, statesmen, writers and inventors have had the same experience. They achieved prosperity because they possessed a fierce will to keep preparing and working and a passion to succeed. They attained success, not because it was easy, but because they had the will to overcome profound obstacles and to work diligently in the pursuit of their goals.

就像丘吉尔和林肯一样,只有那些“关注奖品”的人,那些坚持坚定和专注的意志和精神的人,才会发现他们的努力是成功的。许多艺术家、政治家、作家和发明家都有同样的经历。他们之所以成功,是因为他们有着强烈的准备和工作的意志,以及成功的激情。他们取得了成功,不是因为这很容易,而是因为他们有克服重重障碍的意志,并为实现目标而努力工作。

6 After growing up on a cattle ranch without running water or electricity, Sandra Day O'Connor fought to achieve the best education possible. Consistently graduating at the top of her class, she worked her way into Stanford Law School, where she graduated with honors. But despite all of her hard work, Sandra Day O'Connor was still a woman in the 1950s. Even with the prestige of her degree from Stanford, she was rejected from the entire law circuit as firms preferred to hire less qualified men rather than risk hiring a female lawyer, which was unprecedented. Yet Sandra Day O'Connor refused to give up on her dreams. Through sheer persistence she was eventually nominated and then appointed the first woman Supreme Court Justice of the United States of America. There, she acted as a crucial vote on issues like abortion and women's rights.

桑德拉·戴·奥康纳在一个没有自来水和电的牧场长大后,努力实现最好的教育。她一直在班上名列前茅地毕业,后来进入斯坦福法学院,在那里她以优异的成绩毕业。但尽管桑德拉·戴·奥康纳努力工作,但她在20世纪50年代仍是一名女性。尽管她在斯坦福大学获得了学位,但由于公司更愿意雇佣资历较低的男性,而不是冒着雇用女性律师的风险,她被整个法律圈拒绝了,这是史无前例的。然而桑德拉·戴奥康纳拒绝放弃她的梦想。通过绝对的坚持,她最终被提名,然后被任命为美利坚合众国第一位女性最高法院法官。在那里,她在堕胎和妇女权利等问题上发挥了关键作用。

7 Many people simply say that they want something, but they do not expend the substantial effort required to achieve it. Many people let the threat of failure stop them from trying with all of their heart. The secret of success is based upon a burning inward desire —a robust, fierce

will and focus —that fuels the determination to act, to keep preparing, to keep going even when we are tired and fail. As a wise saying goes: "It's not how many times you fall down that matters. It's how many times you get back up that makes success!"

许多人只是简单地说他们想要一些东西,但他们并没有花费大量的努力去实现它。许多人让失败的威胁阻止他们全心全意地尝试。成功的秘诀是建立在一种强烈的内在欲望之上——一种强大的、强烈的意志和专注——它激发了我们行动的决心,不断的准备,甚至在我们累了和失败的时候也能继续前进。正如一句明智的谚语所说:“重要的不是你摔倒了多少次。成功的关键在于你恢复了多少次!”

8 Focus on becoming more knowledgeable. Focus on gradual, consistent progress. Maintain the strong will to keep going —even when you are tired and want to slack or the odds seem too large. "Keep your eyes on the prize!" "Where there's a will, there's a way!" With hard work, determination, dedication and preparation, you can transcend any handicap, accomplish any feat, and achieve success!

专注于变得更有知识。注重渐进、持续的进步。保持坚强的意志继续前进,即使你累了,想要放松,或者几率太大。”注意奖品!”有志者事竟成!”通过努力、决心、奉献和准备,你可以超越任何障碍,完成任何壮举,并取得成功!

Audrey Hepburn —A true angel in this world

1 Audrey Hepburn thrilled audiences with starring roles in noteworthy films like Breakfast at Tiffany's, Sabrina, Roman Holiday, My Fair Lady, War and Peace, and Always.

奥黛丽·赫本在《蒂芙尼的早餐》、《萨布丽娜》、《罗马假日》、《我的窈窕淑女》、《战争与和平》等著名电影中饰演的角色让观众激动不已。

2 Despite her success in the film domain, the roles she most preferred portraying were not in movies. She was an exemplary mother to her two sons and a UNICEF (the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) Ambassador of Goodwill serving victims in war-torn countries.

尽管她在电影领域取得了成功,但她最喜欢扮演的角色并不是电影。她是两个儿子的模范母亲,也是联合国儿童基金会(联合国国际儿童紧急基金会)亲善大使,在饱受战争蹂躏的国家为受害者服务。

3 As a young girl during the Nazi occupation of her native Holland, Audrey Hepburn was aware of the brutality, death, and destruction of war. She was hungry and malnourished, as her family was bankrupted as a result of the invasion. Audrey's father abandoned the family, and two of her uncles were taken captive and killed. Audrey was grabbed off the street by Nazis and placed in line to be sent to a work camp. When the guards glanced away she darted off, barely escaping, and huddled in a cold, foul basement full of rats.

作为一个年轻的女孩,在纳粹占领她的祖国荷兰期间,奥黛丽·赫本意识到了战争的残酷、死亡和毁灭。她饥肠辘辘,营养不良,因为她的家人因入侵而破产。奥黛丽的父亲抛弃了这个家庭,她的两个叔叔被俘并被杀害。奥黛丽被纳粹分子从街上抓走,排成一列,送去一个工作营地。卫兵一看,她就跑了,几乎没有逃走,蜷缩在一个又冷又脏的地下室里,里面满是老鼠。

4 The little girl who would become the world's most magical actress began as an anonymous refugee confronting life's horrors and fragility firsthand. But she refused to allow her spirit to be afflicted by the desperate reality of her young life. Instead, she transcended those challenges but never forgot what it felt like to suffer, to be hungry, alone and helpless.

这个小女孩将成为世界上最神奇的女演员,她从一个匿名的难民开始,直接面对生活的恐怖和脆弱。但她拒绝让自己的精神受到年轻生活中绝望的现实的折磨。相反,她超越了这些挑战,但从未忘记痛苦、饥饿、孤独和无助的感觉。

5 After the war, Audrey and her mother left Holland, arriving in London as poor immigrants. Her dream of becoming a prime dancer drove her into a rigorous schedule at a famous ballet school. Later, she was spotted by a producer and eventually landed a role in the film Roman Holiday starring Gregory Peck, one of Hollywood's top leading men.

战后,奥黛丽和她的母亲离开荷兰,作为贫穷的移民来到伦敦。她梦想成为一名优秀的舞蹈家,这使她在一所著名的芭蕾舞学校里有了严格的时间表。后来,她被一位制片人发现,并最终在由好莱坞顶尖男主角之一格雷戈里·派克主演的电影《罗马假日》中获得了一个角色。

6 Soon, Audrey was transformed from a malnourished immigrant to an internationally famous movie star. Director Billy Wilder complimented her, saying, "Audrey walked beautifully, she spoke beautifully." Although she won many Academy Awards and other honors for acting, Audrey felt that her most significant work was humanitarian work with those in need, and as the mother to her two sons. She suffered through two divorces and from her memories of the war. Yet, Audrey never let her sadness overcome her or jeopardize her hope for a brighter future. Audrey finally met her soul mate, Robert Wolders, and spent the last 12 years of her life with him.

很快,奥黛丽从一个营养不良的移民变成了一个国际知名的电影明星。导演比利·威尔德称赞她说:“奥黛丽走路很漂亮,说话也很漂亮。”尽管她因表演而获得了许多奥斯卡奖和其他荣誉,奥黛丽觉得她最重要的工作是与那些需要帮助的人一起进行人道主义工作,同时也是她两个儿子的母亲。她经历了两次离婚和对战争的记忆。然而,奥黛丽从不让她的悲伤压倒她,也从不危及她对美好未来的希望。奥黛丽终于遇见了她的灵魂伴侣罗伯特·沃德斯,并与他共度了她生命的最后12年。

7 Becoming famous never changed Audrey's generous and compassionate character. She felt a deep sense of responsibility to alleviate suffering of those in need, especially children. Friends said Audrey had a complete lack of ego and accepted and appreciated others as they were.

出名从来没有改变奥黛丽慷慨和富有同情心的性格。她深感有责任减轻那些需要帮助的人,特别是儿童的痛苦。朋友们说奥黛丽完全没有自尊心,接受并欣赏别人。

8 Though she became very wealthy, she owned only one home in Switzerland. For Audrey it was

a paradise where she could hide from the world with her beloved family, work in her garden and take long walks in nature.

8虽然她变得非常富有,但她在瑞士只有一个家。对奥黛丽来说,这是一个天堂,在那里她可以和她心爱的家人躲开世界,在花园里工作,在大自然中散步。

9 In 1988, Audrey was appointed a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF designed to provide emergency food and healthcare to children suffering the destruction of war or other catastrophes. In that role, her lifelong passion for helping those in need, found its greatest calling.

1988年,奥黛丽被任命为联合国儿童基金会亲善大使,为遭受战争或其他灾难破坏的儿童提供紧急食品和医疗保健。在这个角色中,她毕生致力于帮助那些需要帮助的人,找到了最大的使命。

10 She turned down three million dollars to pen her autobiography and instead accepted one dollar a year in the more conscientious role as diplomat for UNICEF. For seven months out of each of her last five years, she and Robby left the peace and beauty in their cozy home to embark on outreach trips into some of the most difficult places on earth. From Bangladesh, Sudan, India, Vietnam, Kenya, Ethiopia, Central and South America, to Somalia, Audrey Hepburn traveled

representing UNICEF, making over 50 emotionally draining and physically dangerous missions into bleak destinations to raise world awareness of wars and droughts. Having been a victim of war, she understood the blessing of being the beneficiary of food, clothing, and, most of all, hope.

她拒绝了三百万美元来写自传,而是接受了一年一美元作为联合国儿童基金会的外交官。在过去五年中的七个月里,她和罗比离开了他们舒适的家中的宁静和美丽,开始了到地球上一些最困难的地方的外联旅行。从孟加拉国、苏丹、印度、越南、肯尼亚、埃塞俄比亚、中美洲和南美洲,到索马里,奥黛丽·赫本代表联合国儿童基金会出访,完成了50多个情感枯竭和身体危险的任务,前往荒凉的目的地,以提高世界对战争和干旱的认识。作为一个战争的受害者,她明白了成为食物、衣服和最重要的希望的受益者的福祉。

11 Audrey felt it was wicked that billions of children were deprived of simple joys and drowned in overwhelming misery. She believed deeply in the ideology that all people share in the duty to care for those in need. Audrey Hepburn was always ready to lead by example. She said: "When you deny childhood, you deny life." She saw UNICEF's work as an integral, sacred force in people's lives and said of UNICEF's results, "Anyone who doesn't believe in miracles is not a realist."

奥黛丽觉得,数十亿儿童被剥夺了简单的快乐,淹没在极度的痛苦中,这是很可恶的。她深信所有人都有责任照顾那些需要帮助的人。奥黛丽·赫本总是乐于以身作则。她说:“当你否认童年,你就否认生活。”她把联合国儿童基金会的工作看作是人们生活中不可或缺的神圣力量,并谈到联合国儿童基金会的成果,“任何不相信奇迹的人都不是现实主义者。”

12 In 1992, Audrey was stricken by cancer. She, Robby and her two sons returned to their home in Switzerland for their last Christmas together.

1992年,奥黛丽患了癌症。她,罗比和她的两个儿子一起回到瑞士的家里过最后一个圣诞节。

13 Audrey's long-time friend and world-famous French fashion designer, Hubert de Givenchy, spoke to his cherished friend for the last time, just before she died. He said she was "... serene at the end because she knew she had achieved everything with perfection".

奥黛丽的老朋友、世界著名的法国时装设计师休伯特·德·纪梵希在去世前最后一次和他心爱的朋友交谈。他说她是“…因为她知道她已经把一切都做到了完美,所以最后还是很平静。

14 Audrey Hepburn's passion for service was enduring. Even as her life ended at 63 years of age, she remained a gracious woman who perpetually signified simplicity, charity, charm and kindness.

奥黛丽·赫本对服务的热情经久不衰。即使她在63岁时结束了生命,她仍然是一个优雅的女人,永远象征着简单、慈善、魅力和善良。

15 The majesty of Audrey Hepburn's spirit of social responsibility and dedication lives on in her words: "Remember, if you ever need a helping hand, it's at the end of your arm. As you get older, remember you have another hand: The first is to help yourself, the second is to help others." And "For beautiful eyes, look for the good in others; for beautiful lips, speak only words of kindness; and for poise, walk with the knowledge that you are never alone."

奥黛丽·赫本的社会责任和奉献精神的庄严存在于她的话语中:“记住,如果你需要一只援助之手,它就在你手臂的末端。随着年龄的增长,记住你还有另一只手:第一只手是帮助你自己,第二只手是帮助别人。“为了美丽的眼睛,在别人身上寻找好处;为了美丽的嘴唇,只说善意的话;为了平和,要知道你永远不会孤独。”

Will you be a worker or a laborer?

1 To be truly happy, a person must feel both free and important. People are never happy if they feel compelled by society to do work they do not enjoy, or if what they do enjoy is ignored by society as having no value or importance. In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished, the social indications around work, the value of work and the salary, have degraded many laborers into modern slaves —"wage slaves".

要真正快乐,一个人必须感到自由和重要。如果人们感到被社会强迫去做他们不喜欢的工作,或者他们所享受的东西被社会忽视,认为没有价值或重要性,他们就永远不会快乐。在一个严格意义上的奴隶制被废除的社会中,围绕工作、工作价值和工资的社会指示,使许多劳动者沦为现代奴隶——“工资奴隶”。

2 People are considered laborers if their job has an adverse effect on them, yet they feel compelled to continue working by the necessity of conforming to societal expectations and earning the revenue to support themselves and their families. The polar opposite of labor is play. When we play a game, we enjoy what we are doing, but it is a purely private pastime; society does not care when or whether we play.

如果人们的工作对他们有不利影响,他们被认为是劳动者,但他们感到必须继续工作,以符合社会的期望,并赚取收入来养活自己和家人。劳动的极性反面是玩耍。当我们玩游戏时,我们享受我们正在做的事情,但这纯粹是一种私人消遣;社会不关心我们何时或是否玩游戏。

3 Between labor and play stands work. People are labeled as workers if their personal interests coincide with the jobs society pays them to do; what is necessary labor from the point of view of society is voluntary play from the individual's personal point of view. Whether a job is to be designated as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it. The difference does not, for example, correlate with the difference between a manual and mental job or between jobs of low or high esteem; a gardener covered in dirt in a greenhouse may be a worker while a well-dressed city mayor may prove to be an unhappy laborer!

劳动和娱乐之间是工作。如果人们的个人利益与社会支付给他们的工作相一致,那么他们就被称为工人;从社会的角度来看,必要的劳动是从个人的角度来看的自愿玩耍。一个工作是被指定为劳动还是工作,这不取决于工作本身,而是取决于从事工作的个人的品味。例如,这种差异与体力工作和脑力工作之间的差异,或低或高自尊工作之间的差异无关;一个在温室里被泥土覆盖的园丁可能是一名工人,而一位衣着得体的市长可能被证明是一名不快乐的劳动者!

4 People's attitude toward their work determines everything. To workers, leisure means simply the hours they need to relax and rest in order to work efficiently. Workers are therefore more prone to dedicate more time to working, taking too little leisure rather than too much. To laborers, on the other hand, leisure means autonomy from compulsion, so it is natural for them to imagine that the fewer hours they have to spend laboring, and the more hours they have free for play, the better.

人们对工作的态度决定一切。对于工人来说,休闲只是指他们为了有效工作而需要放松和休息的时间。因此,工人更倾向于投入更多的时间去工作,而不是占用太多的闲暇时间。另一方面,对劳动者来说,休闲意味着自主不受强迫,因此他们自然会想象,他们必须花在劳动上的时间越少,他们有更多的时间自由玩耍,效果越好。

5 Besides the mere hours spent in leisure, workers and laborers differ in the amount of personal satisfaction they derive from their jobs. Workers who enjoy their jobs will be happier, less

stressed, and generally more satisfied with their lives. They will also work with more diligence and precision because they have fostered a sense of personal pride in their jobs. On the other hand, laborers, whose sole incentive is earning their livelihood, feel that the time they spend on the daily grind is wasted and doesn't contribute to their happiness. Instead of valuing all 24 hours of their day as enjoyable and productive hours, they gauge only the time spent in leisure and play as meaningful. Unfortunately, laborers are all too commonplace, and only a small percentage of the population is in the lucky position of being workers.

除了闲暇时间外,工人和劳动者从工作中获得的个人满意度也各不相同。享受工作的工人会更快乐、压力更小,并且对他们的生活更满意。他们也将更加勤奋和精确地工作,因为他们培养了对工作的个人自豪感。另一方面,工人们唯一的动机是谋生,他们觉得他们花在日常工作上的时间是浪费的,对他们的幸福没有贡献。他们不把一天中的所有24小时都视为令人愉快和富有成效的时间,而只把休闲和娱乐的时间视为有意义的时间。不幸的是,劳工都太普通了,只有一小部分人口处于工人的幸运地位。

6 In recent decades, technological innovation and the division of labor have caused major economic changes by eliminating the need for special strength or skill in many fields and have turned many paid occupations with enjoyable work into boring labor. Increasing productivity with automated machines, such as robots, has reduced the number of necessary laboring hours. It is possible to imagine an upcoming society in which the majority of the population will have almost as much leisure time as in earlier times was enjoyed by the medieval aristocracy. The medieval aristocrats had an abundance of leisure time but often wasted it in trivial pursuit of games and fashion. Likewise, modern-day laborers with too much leisure time may find it difficult to refrain from the addictive and trivial pursuits of celebrity gossip, extravagant fashion, and excessive video games and TV —similar bad habits that waste valuable time.

近几十年来,技术创新和劳动分工通过消除对许多领域的特殊力量或技能的需要,引起了重大的经济变化,使许多有报酬的、工作愉快的职业变成了枯燥的劳动。自动化机器(如机器人)提高了生产率,减少了必要的劳动时间。可以想象一个即将到来的社会,在这个社会中,大多数人的闲暇时间几乎与中世纪贵族所享受的闲暇时间相同。中世纪的贵族们有着丰富的闲暇时间,但常常把时间浪费在对游戏和时尚的琐碎追求上。同样,闲暇时间过多的现代劳动者可能会发现,很难避免对名人八卦、奢侈时尚、过度的电子游戏和电视等令人上瘾的琐碎追求,这些都是浪费宝贵时间的类似坏习惯。

7 However, it's not necessary to take such a toxic attitude toward such a positive thing as leisure time. In fact, in many countries, people now use their leisure time to improve their minds and their working conditions to create a happier, more contented life. Lifelong learning can make the difference between being bored, unhappy laborers and workers who find meaning and joy in their employment and life. "Continuing education" or "experiential learning" can offer an array of classes from pleasant diversions such as sports, art classes or music to leadership development, advanced accounting skills, or CAD (computer-aided design), to name only a few.

然而,对于休闲时间这样积极的事情,没有必要采取这样一种有害的态度。事实上,在许多国家,人们现在利用他们的闲暇时间来改善他们的思想和工作条件,创造一个更快乐、更满足的生活。终身学习可以使无聊、不快乐的劳动者和在工作和生活中找到意义和快乐的劳动者区别开来。”继续教育或“体验式学习”可以提供一系列课程,从体育、艺术课程或音乐到领导力培养、高级会计技能或计算机辅助设计(CAD),等等。

8 Whatever the job, people who enjoy their work find time passes quickly. They hurl their passion into their work, be it physical like the work of a smith, or more mental like that of a scientist or an

artist. Even purely mental work can suffice as an outlet, as aptly expressed by the phrase "sinking one's teeth into a problem".

不管做什么工作,享受工作的人都会发现时间过得很快。他们把热情投入到他们的工作中,无论是像铁匠一样的体力劳动,还是更像科学家或艺术家那样的脑力劳动。即使是纯粹的脑力劳动也足以作为一个出口,正如“埋头于问题”这句话所恰当表达的那样。

9 Eventually, everyone has to find a job and earn a living. Laborers are slaving away at a job they don't enjoy for a small monetary reward, waiting all day until they go home and play. But while laborers are counting down the hours, workers are energized and focused, taking optimum pleasure in the task at hand. By choosing a job that is both useful to society and personally fulfilling, workers maintain a simultaneous sense of purpose and enthusiasm that improves their whole lives. So in the end, whatever job you choose, you must contend with this essential question: Will you be a laborer or a worker?

最终,每个人都必须找到工作并谋生。工人们苦干着一份他们不喜欢的工作,为了一点小钱,他们整天等着回家玩。但是,当工人们在倒数时间时,工人们精力充沛,全神贯注,在手头的工作中获得最大的乐趣。通过选择一份既有益于社会又能使个人满意的工作,工人们同时保持了一种目标感和热情,从而改善了他们的整个生活。所以最后,无论你选择什么工作,你都必须面对这个基本问题:你是劳动者还是劳动者?

Surviving an economic crisis

1 The economic slump so many people suffered through originated in the United States, with a regulatory failure of mortgages rated less risky than they turned out to be. As large numbers of homeowners proved unable to repay their loans, the companies that had the oversight and those that owned the loans (as well as their subsidiaries and their shareholders) lost sizable amounts of money. The effects of these drastic losses soon spiraled into the US job market as layoffs and terminations. The rebound was slow in coming. Many people experienced long months of struggles just like the character in this story.

如此多的人遭受的经济衰退起源于美国,抵押贷款的监管失败风险比原来低。由于大量的房主被证明无法偿还贷款,那些有监督权的公司和那些拥有贷款的公司(以及他们的子公司和股东)损失了大量的资金。随着裁员和离职,这些巨大损失的影响很快蔓延到美国就业市场。反弹的速度慢。许多人经历了长达数月的斗争,就像这个故事中的人物一样。

2 Facing tenant eviction after several months of unpaid rent, Sue Johnson packed up whatever she could fit into her two-door automobile and drove out of town.

在几个月未付的租金之后,面对房客的驱逐,苏·约翰逊把所有能装进她的两门汽车里的东西都收拾好,驱车出城。

3 She wound up at a motel, putting down the $260 she had managed to scrape together from friends and from selling her living room set. It was all the money Sue had left after her unemployment benefits had expired. She faced life as a migrant, a previously unimaginable situation for a woman who, not that long before, had held a corporate job in a large metropolitan city and was enrolled in a graduate business school.

她最后住进了一家汽车旅馆,从朋友那里花了260美元,还卖掉了自己的客厅家具。这是苏失业救济金到期后留下的所有钱。她面临着移民的生活,对于一个不久前在大城市里做过公司工作并进入研究生商学院的女性来说,这是一个以前无法想象的情况。

4 Sue knew that in all likelihood, she would end up living in her car. She was part of a hard-luck group of jobless people who called themselves "99ers", because they had exhausted the

maximum 99 weeks of unemployment insurance benefits that they could claim.

苏知道,她很可能最终会住在车里。她是一个倒霉的失业群体的一员,他们称自己为“99人”,因为他们已经用尽了他们能申请的最多99周的失业保险金。

5 Long-term unemployment was at record levels, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Modest payments of unemployment benefits were a lifeline that enabled people who were out-of-work to maintain at least an appearance of normalcy, keeping a roof over their heads, putting gas in their cars, paying electric and phone bills

根据劳工统计局的统计,长期失业率达到了创纪录的水平。适度支付失业救济金是一条生命线,它使失业者至少能保持一种正常的状态,有一个屋顶在他们的头上,把汽油放在他们的车里,支付电费和电话费。.

6 Without the checks, people like Sue, who once was a director of client services at a technology company, began to tumble over the economic cliff.The last aspects of their former working-class or middle-class lives were gone, and all of them faced unsure futures.

没有支票,像苏这样的人,曾经是一家科技公司的客户服务主管,开始翻越经济悬崖,他们以前的工人阶级或中产阶级生活的最后一面消失了,所有人都面临着不确定的未来。

7 When Sue received her last unemployment check, she felt a wave of profound grief. With no income to deposit, Sue's checking account deteriorated into negative balances. Her car was on the verge of being repossessed. And, the constant harassment of the financing company for her car loan added to her daily stress. Each day, like a ping pong ball, Sue went back and forth between resolve and despair.

当苏收到最后一张失业支票时,她感到一阵深深的悲痛。由于没有存款收入,苏的支票账户恶化为负余额。她的车快被收回了。而且,金融公司对她的汽车贷款的不断骚扰增加了她的日常压力。每天,苏都像一个乒乓球,在决心和绝望之间来来回回。

8 It was a sickening plunge considering that only a short year and a half before, Sue was earning $56,000 a year at her old job, enjoyed vacationing in places like Mexico and the Caribbean, and had started business school at an excellent university.

考虑到仅仅在一年半以前,苏在原来的工作岗位上一年就赚了5.6万美元,在墨西哥和加勒比等地享受假期,并在一所优秀的大学开办了商学院,这是一次令人恶心的暴跌。

9 Initially, Sue had tried to finish her university certification remotely, but finally dropped out because of the stress from her sinking finances. She applied for every possible job in the employment spectrum, from minimum-wage retail jobs to director positions.

起初,苏曾试图远程完成她的大学认证,但最终由于经济衰退的压力而辍学。她申请了就业范围内的所有可能的工作,从最低工资的零售工作到董事职位。

10 Sue should have been evicted from her two-bedroom apartment for non-payment several months before she was, but, thankfully, the process was delayed by paperwork and bureaucracy. Eventually, the bureaucracy caught up with her and a municipal council gave her 10 days to leave her apartment for good. She had no choice but to comply.

Sue本应在几个月前从她两居室的公寓里被无偿驱逐出来,但谢天谢地,这一过程因文书工作和官僚主义而推迟。最终,官僚主义者追上了她,市议会给了她10天时间让她永远离开公寓。她别无选择只能顺从。

11 That last day of her old life, Sue wept as she drove away. She wondered if she would ever again be able to reclaim that life of comfort and respect. Sue even considered turning the steering wheel of her car into a tree and ending her life story right there.

在她晚年的最后一天,苏开车离开时哭了。她想知道她是否还能重新获得那种舒适和尊重的

生活。苏甚至考虑把汽车的方向盘变成一棵树,然后在那里结束她的人生故事。

12 Friends came to her aid. One friend wired her $200 while she was driving away from her old apartment, enabling her to find refuge in a motel along the way. But Sue worried there wouldn't be any more charity for the money and gas she desperately needed.

朋友们来帮助她。一位朋友在她开车离开旧公寓时给她电汇了200美元,使她能够在途中找到汽车旅馆的避难所。但苏担心,她急需的钱和汽油不会再有任何慈善活动了。

13 Helped by gas cards donated by a church, Sue decided to return to her hometown. She figured the health-care safety net there was better, as well as the job market. She contacted a local shelter but learned there was a waiting list. Welfare was not an option, because she didn't have young children. And, Sue knew that none of her three adult sons were in a position to help her. 在教堂捐赠的煤气卡的帮助下,苏决定回到她的家乡。她认为那里的医疗安全网和就业市场更好。她联系了当地的一个收容所,但得知那里有一个等候名单。福利不是一个选择,因为她没有年幼的孩子。而且,苏知道她三个成年儿子中没有一个能帮助她。

14 "I knew the only help I was going to get was from me myself," Sue said. "I thought to myself: I have to take care of myself. I really, really need to get work. I need a job. I don't want to be seen as a parasite."

“我知道我唯一能得到的帮助就是我自己,”苏说。我心里想:我必须照顾好自己。我真的,真的需要工作。我需要一份工作。我不想被视为寄生虫。”

15 Sue's motel room was depressing. Lining the shelves underneath the television were her food supplies: rice and noodles that she mixed with water in the motel's ice bucket and heated up in a microwave; peanut butter and jelly; a loaf of white bread —the subsistence of a desperate person. Sue's days were spent surfing Internet job indexes, applying for jobs where the silent "No." "No." "No." gave way to a feeling of helplessness.

苏的汽车旅馆房间令人沮丧。在电视下面的架子上摆着她的食物:米和面条,她在汽车旅馆的冰桶里加水,在微波炉里加热;花生酱和果冻;一条白面包——一个绝望的人的生计。苏的日子都是在网上浏览工作索引,申请那些“不”、“不”、“不”的工作,而这些工作让人感到无助。

16 Sue had all new struggles and obstacles to deal with too, like what to do for an address for job applications. She worried about what would happen when her cell phone was cut off for non-payment, and calls to her number would disappear into an invisible world she could not reach.

苏也面临着所有新的困难和障碍,比如如何处理求职申请。她担心当她的手机因不付款而被切断时会发生什么,打电话给她的号码会消失在她无法触及的无形世界中。

17 Finally, an old friend sent Sue a ray of hope, a small miracle: $300 cash —just enough for another brutal week of struggle.

最后,一位老朋友给苏寄去了一线希望,一个小小的奇迹:300美元的现金——只够让她再经历一周残酷的斗争了。

Reflections of a Chinese mother in the West

1 A lot of people wonder how Chinese parents raise such successful kids. They are baffled that these parents produce so many children with an abundance of talent and whether they too could raise such a child.

很多人都想知道中国父母是如何养育如此成功的孩子的。他们困惑的是,这些父母能培养出这么多才华横溢的孩子,他们是否也能培养出这样一个孩子。

2 The fact is that Chinese parents do things that seem provocative, unimaginable, even illegal, to opinionated Westerners. Chinese mothers can dispense with formal courtesies and say to an obese child who gorges on food, "Hey fatty, lose some weight." By contrast, Western parents must be humane, tiptoe around the issue, talk in terms of "health", and never ever mention the f-word. And still their kids end up in therapy for eating disorders and a negative self-image. I've thought long and hard about how Chinese parents can get away with what they do, and I think there are three ideological differences between Chinese and Western parents.

事实上,中国父母对固执己见的西方人所做的事情似乎是挑衅的、不可想象的,甚至是非法的。中国母亲可以不受正式礼节的约束,对一个贪吃食物的肥胖儿童说:“嘿,胖,减肥。”相比之下,西方父母必须很人道,在这个问题上小题大做,谈论“健康”,从来没有提到过“F”字。但他们的孩子最终还是接受了饮食失调和负面自我形象的治疗。我一直在思考中国父母如何才能摆脱他们的所作所为,我认为中国父母和西方父母在意识形态上有三个不同。

3 First, I've noticed Western parents cradle their children's self-esteem to insulate them from criticism. They worry about how their children will feel if they fail, and constantly try to solve their children's worries, regardless of how badly they perform. The presumption is that the child is tender, not strong, and as a result Western parents behave very differently than Chinese parents.

首先,我注意到西方父母培养孩子的自尊,使他们远离批评。他们担心自己的孩子失败后会有什么样的感受,并且不断地尝试解决孩子的担忧,不管他们表现如何糟糕。假设是孩子很温柔,不强壮,因此西方父母的行为与中国父母非常不同。

4 For example, if a child comes home with an A-minus on a test, a Western parent will most likely praise the child. For a Chinese mother an A-minus is no milestone; she will gasp in displeasure and ask what went wrong. If the child comes home with a B, some Western parents, though hesitant, will still praise the child. Other Western parents will express disapproval, but they won't question the child's intellect or risk insecurities calling the child "stupid", "worthless" or "gross". Privately, Western parents may worry about their child, but they will never tell the child.

例如,如果一个孩子在考试中得了A-减分,西方家长很可能会表扬这个孩子。对一个中国母亲来说,A减不是一个里程碑;她会不悦地喘气,问出什么问题。如果孩子带着B回家,一些西方父母虽然犹豫,但还是会表扬孩子。其他西方父母会表示不赞成,但他们不会质疑孩子的智力或风险,称孩子“愚蠢”、“毫无价值”或“粗俗”。私下里,西方父母可能会担心他们的孩子,但他们不会告诉孩子。

5 If a Chinese child gets a B, irrespective of the subject, there would first be a screaming, hair-tearing explosion. The Chinese mother would intensify her efforts and get dozens, maybe hundreds of practice tests and use every tool at her disposal, to get her child's grade up to an A.

如果一个中国孩子得了B,不管是哪个科目,首先会有尖叫声,撕裂头发的爆炸声。这位中国母亲会加紧努力,做几十次,可能上百次的实践测试,使用她能使用的每一种工具,让孩子的成绩达到A。

6 Chinese parents demand perfect grades because they take it for granted that their child can get them, and grades are a more important measure of success than "self-esteem". If their child doesn't get all A's, the Chinese parents assume it's because the child didn't work hard enough. That's why the solution to substandard performance is always to punish and shame the child. Chinese parents believe that their child is hardy enough to take the shaming and to improve from it.

中国父母要求完美的成绩,是因为他们认为孩子可以得到他们的成绩是理所当然的,而成绩是衡量成功的重要指标,而不是“自尊”。如果他们的孩子得不到所有的A,中国的父母认为这是因为孩子不够努力。这就是为什么解决不合格表现的方法总是惩罚和羞辱孩子。中国的父母认为他们的孩子足够坚强,可以接受羞辱,并从中得到改善。

7 Second, Chinese parents believe their kids owe them everything. The reason for this isn't clear, but it's probably a combination of the Confucian doctrine of loyalty and the fact that parents have sacrificed so much for their children; so, Chinese children must spend their lives repaying their parents by obeying them and making them proud.

第二,中国父母相信他们的孩子欠他们一切。原因还不清楚,但可能是儒家的忠心学说和父母为子女牺牲了太多的事实的结合;因此,中国的孩子必须用一生来回报父母,服从父母,让他们感到骄傲。

8 Another area where Chinese and Westerners clash is that most Westerners don't believe offspring must show permanent gratitude to parents. My Western husband actually has this opposite view. "Children don't choose their parents," he once said to me. "They don't even choose to be born. It's parents who force life on their kids, so it's the parents' responsibility to provide for them. Kids don't owe their parents anything. Their duty will be to their own kids." This strikes me as a terrible deal for the Western parents.

中国人和西方人冲突的另一个领域是,大多数西方人不相信后代必须永远感激父母。我的西方丈夫实际上持相反的观点。”“孩子们不会选择他们的父母,”他曾经对我说。他们甚至不选择出生。是父母强迫他们的孩子生活,所以父母有责任为他们提供生活。孩子们什么都不欠父母。他们的职责是照顾自己的孩子。”这对西方父母来说是一笔可怕的交易。

9 Third, Chinese parents believe they know what's best for their children and therefore have ultimate authority over their children's desires and preferences. Chinese children have no rights to infringe, which is why Chinese daughters can't have boyfriends in high school and there are no late curfews or trips to sleep-away camps. Also even the slightest defiance or indignation, anything less than unquestioning obedience, is extinguished, and punished into submission. Don't get me wrong —it's not that Chinese parents don't care about their children. In fact, just the opposite! Chinese parents give up anything and everything to help their children. They just have an entirely different parenting model.

第三,中国父母相信他们知道什么对他们的孩子最好,因此对他们的孩子的欲望和偏好有最终的权威。中国的孩子没有侵犯的权利,这就是为什么中国的女儿在高中不能有男朋友,也没有宵禁或去睡营。即使是最轻微的蔑视或愤怒,任何比不上毫不犹豫的服从,都会被消灭,并被惩罚为屈从。别误会我-不是中国父母不关心他们的孩子。事实上,恰恰相反!中国父母为了帮助孩子不惜一切代价。他们只是有一个完全不同的育儿模式。

10 Western propaganda often paints a portrait of Asian mothers as scheming, indifferent, militant people unconcerned with their kids' true interests. For their part, many Chinese secretly believe they care more about their children and are willing to sacrifice more for them than Westerners, who seem perfectly content to let their children turn out badly and shame their tradition and heritage. I think this is a misunderstanding on both sides. Of course there is also some overlap —all decent parents want to do what's best for their children. It's the methodology that's different.

西方的宣传经常把亚洲母亲描绘成一个心怀鬼胎、漠不关心、好战的人,他们不关心孩子的真正利益。对于他们来说,许多中国人暗自相信他们更关心自己的孩子,愿意为他们牺牲更多,而不是西方人,他们似乎完全满足于让自己的孩子们变得糟糕,并使他们的传统和传统

蒙羞。我认为这是双方的误解。当然也有一些重叠——所有正派的父母都想为他们的孩子做最好的事。不同的是方法论。

11 Westerners preach respecting the children's individuality, encouraging them to pursue their true passions, supporting their choices, and providing a positive and nurturing environment. But while Western children may have a high opinion of themselves and glowing self-esteem, how do they perform in the real world? Chinese parents protect their children by armoring them for the future, letting them see what they're capable of, and conferring upon them skills, work habits, and inner confidence that no one can ever take away. When the time comes to perform, Chinese children have a blueprint for success; they know how to compete with the best the world has to offer. The proof is in the pudding!

西方人崇尚尊重儿童的个性,鼓励他们追求真正的激情,支持他们的选择,并提供一个积极和有教养的环境。但是,尽管西方的孩子可能对自己有很高的评价,并且有很强的自尊心,他们在现实世界中是如何表现的呢?中国的父母保护他们的孩子,为他们的未来装备武器,让他们看到自己的能力,并赋予他们技能、工作习惯和没有人能剥夺的内在信心。到了表演的时候,中国的孩子们有了成功的蓝图,他们知道如何与世界上最好的孩子竞争。证据就在布丁里!

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新视野大学英语3课文翻译 第一课无限的爱 我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产,因为缺氧导致大脑受损。两年后,我出生了。 从此以后,我的生活便围绕我哥哥转。 伴随我成长的,是“到外面去玩,把你哥哥也带上。” 不带上他,我是哪里也去不了的。因此,我怂恿邻居的孩子到我家来,尽情地玩孩子们玩的游戏。 我母亲教吉米学习日常自理,比如刷牙或系皮带什么的。 我父亲宅心仁厚,他的耐心和理解使一家人心贴着心。 我则负责外面的事,找到那些欺负我哥哥的孩子们的父母,告他们的状,为我哥哥讨回公道。 父亲和吉米形影不离。 他们一道吃早饭,平时每天早上一道开车去海军航运中心,他们都在那里工作,吉米在那搬卸标有彩色代号的箱子。 晚饭后,他们一道交谈,玩游戏,直到深夜。 他们甚至用口哨吹相同的曲调。 所以,父亲1991年因心脏病去世时,吉米几乎崩溃了,尽管他尽量不表现出来。 他就是不能相信父亲去世这一事实。 通常,他是一个令人愉快的人,现在却一言不发,无论说多少话都不能透过他木然的脸部表情了解他的心事。 我雇了一个人和他住在一起,开车送他去上班。然而,不管我怎么努力地维持原状,吉米还是认为他熟悉的世界已经消失了。 有一天,我问他:“你是不是想念爸爸?” 他的嘴唇颤抖了几下,然后问我:“你怎么看,玛格丽特?他是我最好的朋友。” 接着,我俩都流下了眼泪。 六个月后,母亲因肺癌去世,剩下我一人来照顾吉米。 吉米不能马上适应去上班时没有父亲陪着,因此搬来纽约和我一起住了一段时间。 我走到哪里他就跟到哪里,他好像适应得很好。 但吉米依然想住在我父母的房子里,继续干他原来的工作。我答应把他送回去。 此事最后做成了。 如今,他在那里生活了11年,在许多人的照料下,同时依靠自己生活得有声有色。 他已成了邻里间不可或缺的人物。 如果你有邮件要收,或有狗要遛,他就是你所要的人。 当然,母亲的话没错:可以有一个家,既能容纳他的缺陷又能装下我的雄心。

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新视野大学英语课文翻译第四册 UNIT1 名气之尾 1 艺术家追求成名,如同狗自逐其尾,一旦追到手,除了继续追逐,不知道还能做些什么。成功之残酷正在于它常常让那些追逐成功者自寻毁灭。 2 对于一名正努力追求并刚刚崭露头角的艺术家,其亲朋常常会建议“正经的饭碗不能丢!”他们的担心不无道理。追求出人头地,最乐观的说也困难重重,许多人到最后不是穷困潦倒,也是几近精神崩溃。尽管如此,希望赢得追星族追捧和同行赞美之类的不太纯洁的纯洁的动机却在激励着他们前进。享受成功的无上光荣,这种诱惑不是能轻易抵挡的。 3 成名者之所以成名,大多是因为发挥了自己在唱歌、舞蹈、绘画或写作方面的特长,并能形成自己的风格。 为了能迅速走红,经纪人会极力吹捧他们的这种风格。他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。他们究竟是怎样成功的,大多数人也都说不上来。尽管如此,艺术家仍然不能闲下来。若表演者,画家或作家感到厌烦,他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力,也就难以保持公众的注意力。公众的热情消磨以后,就回去追捧下一个走红的人。有些艺术家为了不落伍,会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动,但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。公众对于他们借以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。 4 知名作家的文风一眼就能看出来,如田纳西.威廉斯的喜剧、欧内斯特.海明威的情节安排、罗伯特弗罗斯特或T.S艾略特的诗歌等。同样,像莫奈。雷诺阿、达利这样的画家、希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋这样的电影制作人也是如此。他们鲜明独特的艺术风格标志着与别人不同的艺术形式上的重大变革,这让他们名利双收,但也让他们付出了代价,那就是失去了用其他风格或形式表现自我的自由。 5 名气这盏聚光灯可比热带丛林还要炙热。骗局很快会被揭穿,过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以承受。它让你失去自我。你必须是公众认可的那个你,而不是真实的你,或是可能的你。艺人,就像政客一样,必须常常说些违心或连自己都不完全相信的话来取悦听众。 6 一滴名气之水有可能玷污人得心灵这一整口井因此,一个艺术家若能保持真我,会格外让人惊叹你可能答不上来哪些人没有妥协,却仍在这场名利的游戏中获胜。一个例子就是爱尔兰著名作家奥斯卡.王尔德,他在社交行为和性行为方面以我行我素而闻名于世。虽然他的行为遭到公众的反对,却依然固我,他也因此付出了惨痛的代价。在一次宴会上,他一位密友的母亲当着他的朋友和崇拜者的面,指责他在性行为方面影响了她的儿子。他听了她的话以后,大为光火,起诉了这个年轻人的母亲,声称她毁了他的“好”名声。但是,他真该请一个更好的律师。结果是,法官不仅不支持他提出的让这个女人赔偿他名誉损失费的要求,反而对他本人进行了罚款。他由于拒绝交罚款最终还被送进了监狱。更糟糕的是,他再也无法获得更多公众的宠爱。在最糟糕的的时候,他发现没有一个人愿意拿自己的名声冒险来替他说话。为保持真我,他付出的代价是,在最需要崇拜者时,谁也不理他。 7 奇怪的是,收获最大的恰恰是失败者。他们收获了自由!他们可以自由地表达,独辟蹊径,不落窠臼不用担心失去崇拜者的支持。失败的艺术家寻求安慰时,可以想想许多伟大的艺术家都是都是过世多年以后才成名的,或是他们没有出卖自己。他们也可以为他们的失败辩解:自己的才华实在过于高深,不是当代观众或听众所理解的得了的。 8 那些失败了却仍不肯放弃的顽固派也许会乐于知道,某些名人曾经如何越挫越勇,直至成功。美国小说家托马斯.乌尔夫第一本小说《向家乡看吧,安琪儿》被拒39次后,才最终得以出版。贝多芬战胜了父亲认为他音乐家潜质的偏见,成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。19世纪瑞士著名教育家斯泰洛奇原先干的工作没有一样成功,直到他想到去教小孩子,并研究出一种新型教育模式的基础理论。托马斯.爱迪生四年级时被赶出了学校,因为老师觉得他似乎太迟钝但不幸的是,对大多数人而言,失败是奋斗的结束,而不是开始。 9 对那些孤注一掷的追名逐利之徒,我要说:祝你们好运但是,遗憾的是,你会发现这不是你想得到的。狗自逐其尾得到的只是一条尾巴而已。获得成功的人常常发现成功对她来说弊大于利。所以,真要为真实的你、为自己的所为感到高兴,而不是拼命去获得成功。做哪些你为之感到骄傲的事情。可能在有生之年你默默无闻,但你可能创作了更好的艺术。 Unit 2 查理·卓别林 他出生在伦敦南部的一个贫困地区,他所穿的短袜是从妈妈的红色长袜上剪下来的。他妈妈一度被诊断为精神失常。狄更斯或许会创作出查理·卓别林的童年故事,但只有查理·卓别林才能塑造出了不起的喜剧角色"流浪者",这个使其创作者声名永驻的衣衫褴褛的小人物。 就卓别林而言,其他国家,如法国、意大利、西班牙,甚至日本和朝鲜,比他的出生地给予了他更多的掌声(和更多的收益)。卓别林在1913年永久地离开了英国,与一些演员一起启程到美国进行舞台喜剧表演。在那里,他被星探招募到好莱坞喜剧片之王麦克·塞纳特的旗下工作。 3不幸的是,20世纪二三十年代的很多英国人认为卓别林的"流浪者"多少有点"粗俗"。中产阶级当然这样认为;劳动阶级倒更有可能为这样一个反抗权势的角色拍手喝彩:他以顽皮的小拐杖使绊子,或把皮靴后跟对准权势者宽大的臀部一踢。尽管如此,卓别林的喜剧乞丐形

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