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历年专八翻译真题

历年专八翻译真题
历年专八翻译真题

历年专八英译汉翻译真题

1995

I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life?

For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?

I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.”

Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are,sadly,more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us.

对我的几个儿子来说,乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜,垂钓来的鱼,邻里菜园和果园里可供分享的丰盛瓜果。乡下有不用付报酬便可请来照看孩子的邻居,作为回报,我儿媳也帮着照看其孩子。乡邻之间互相交换技能和劳动。但比之更重要的是,你如何来衡量那静谧与安详?如何来衡量自我价值呢?

我无意将小地方的生活理想化。因为有时外面的世界会无情地侵入:比如汽油价格上涨,开发商把眼睛盯住尚未开发的农田;那里充斥着凶残和偏狭,大城市的种种卑劣行径,小地方也一应俱全。不仅如此,当人们无法自欺欺人地硬把那些丑恶现象想象成只是小地方的一小部分或将它们解释为异乡人的为所欲为,而又不得不承认这一切是我们的一部分时,就更难以忽视它们。

1996

It should have been easy. They were battle-tested veterans with long ties to Reagan and even longer ties to the Republican party, men who understood presidential politics as well as any in the country. The backdrop of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation’s economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed, with plenty of money for a top-flight staff, travel, and television commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills. Reagan has succeed more than any president since John F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America – a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government.

这应该不是件难事。这都是些跟着里根多年、久经沙场的老将,他们跟共和党则有更深厚的渊源,是这个国家里最熟悉总统政治的人。竞选的背景也很有利,也很多好消息可供炒作。例如,美国上下一片和平,美国经济这一竞选要素也在经过一段时间的衰退之后开始强劲反弹。此外,这次竞选本身得到了慷慨资助,因此有充裕的资用于组织一流的竞选班子、支付巡回演讲和电视广告的费用。而最重要的一点是,他们的候选人是罗纳德·里根,他可是位极具个人魅力和沟通技巧的总统。自约翰·F·肯尼迪总统以来,里根是最成功地勾勒出美国蓝图的总统:一个军事力量复兴、富有个人进取心、联邦政府得以精简的国家。

1997年:English to Chinese

Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province(范围)of the rich unless we abdicate(退位、放弃)society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible(易接近的,可达到的)to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives(必要的)of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse(冲动)towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation(表述、陈述)is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment(完成、成就)in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones(标准、试金石)for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire(立志、追求目标、渴望); they carry the most profound (深厚的、深刻的)messages that can be sent from one human to another.

译文1:

欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈:你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。然而,享用昂贵的东西并不完全是富人的特权,除非我们放弃社会选择的权利。我们有权利使歌剧和其他昂贵的文化形式面向大众,面向那些个人没有支付能力的人。然而,问题是我们为什么要这么做。没有人会否认食物、居所、防护、健康与教育是不可或缺的。但是,即使在史前的穴居时代,人们伸出手来,也不仅仅是为了吃喝,为了搏杀,而且还有一个目的,那就是动手作画。人们对文化的冲动,即人们希望通过想象和再现来表现并探索这个世界的愿望,才是最根本的。在欧洲,人们通过音乐、美术、文学和戏剧等方面的不朽作品的创作,实现了这一愿望。这些杰作是衡量人类努力程度的试金石,是检验人类思维和想象潜能的标准,它们有着最深厚的寓意,并在人们彼此之间传播。

译文2:

欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈的享受,而且人们不可避免地要为此支付昂贵的费用。然而,只要你不放弃对社会权利的选择,高档享受不可避免地成为富人的特有的领域。我们可以让歌剧和其他费用昂贵的文化形式面向那些个人承受不起费用的大众。然而,问题是我们为什么要这么做。没有人会否认食物、居所、安全、健康与教育的必要性。但是,即使在史前的穴居时代,人们伸出手来,也不仅仅是为了吃喝,或者是单纯地为了搏杀,也可以是为了刻画。人们对文化的冲动,对表达的渴望,以及通过想象和表述对世界的探索等,才是最根本的。在欧洲,人们通过音乐、美术、文学和戏剧等杰作的成就形式实现了这一愿望。这些杰作是检验人类努力程度的标准,也是检验人类追求的思想和想象能力的标准,它们承载着丰富的信息,并得以在彼此之间相互传播。

1998年: English to Chinese:

I agree to some extent with my imaginary English reader. American literary historians are perhaps prone to view their own national scene too narrowly, mistaking prominence for uniqueness. They do over-phrase their own literature, or certainly its minor figures. And Americans do swing from aggressive over phrase of their literature to an equally unfortunate, imitative deference. But then, the English themselves are somewhat insular in their literary appraisals. Moreover, in fields where they are not pre-eminent — e. g. in painting and music —they too alternate between boasting of native products and copying those of the Continent. How many English paintings try to look as though they were done in Paris; how many times have we read in articles that they really represent an “English tradition” after all.

To speak of American literature, then, is not to assert(断言、声称)that it is completely unlike that of Europe. Broadly speaking, America and Europe have kept step(同步). At any given moment (在任何时候)the traveler could find examples in both of the same architecture, the same styles

in dress, the same books on the shelves. Ideas have crossed the Atlantic as freely as men and merchandise, though sometimes more slowly. When I refer to American habit, thoughts, etc., I intend some sort of qualification(限制、限定、资格)to precede(领先、超前)the word, for frequently the difference between America and Europe (especially England) will be one of degree (唯一只是在程度上), sometimes only of a small degree. The amount of divergence(分歧、差异)is a subtle (微妙的)affair, liable(有可能的)to perplex the Englishman when he looks at America. He is looking at a country which in important senses (重要的感觉)grew out of his own, which in several ways(在有些方面)still resembles his own — and which is yet a foreign country. There are odd overlappings(重叠)and abrupt unfamiliarities; kinship(亲缘关系) yields to a sudden alienation(疏远关系), as when we hail(打招呼)a person across the street, only to discover from his blank(没有表情的)response that we have mistaken a stranger for a friend.

【参考译文二】谈到“美国”文学,并不是说它与欧洲文学完全不同。总体来说,美国和欧洲一直保持同步发展。旅游者在任何时候都能在两地看到(城市里矗立的是)同一样式的建筑,(人们穿着的是)同一款式的服饰,摆放在书架上的是同一风格的书籍。思想观念也象人和商品一样可以自由地跨越大西洋,只是有时在时间上要慢得多。谈到美国人的习惯和思想等概念时,我想在“美国式”的前面再加上某个限制性的词语,因为在欧美之间(尤其是美英之间)的差异往往只是程度上的差异而已,而且有的时候,差异的程度也很小,差异也几乎是微乎其微的。英国人看美国,很可能会让他们感到迷惑不解。感到他们看到的这个国家好象是从自己国家发展而来的,很多方面和他们自己的国家类似,然而却仍然是“外国”。两个国家有着莫名的相似,却又给人一种突然的陌生感。疏远感突然间取代了亲缘关系,就仿佛我们隔着马路打招呼一样,从对方那茫然的神情中发现我们原来是认错了人。

【参考译文一】English to Chinese:

因此,我们在说“美国”文学,并不表明我们认为美国文学与欧洲文学截然不同。一般来说,美国和欧洲一直在同步发展。无论何时,旅游者在两地都能看到同一式的建筑,见到同一款式的服饰,读到摆在书架上的同一风格的书籍。在大洋两岸,人们的思想观念,就容易同人员与货物一样,可以自由交流,尽管有时会略显迟缓。谈到美国人的习惯、美国人的思维等概念时,我想在“美国式的”这几个词前面再加上某种修饰,因为欧美之间(尤其是英美之间)的差异往往只是程度上的差异而已,而且在有的时候,是极低程度上的差异而已。差异的程度微乎其微,很可能会使审视美国的英国人感到迷惑不解。重要的是,英国人所审视的这个国家诞生于英国,并在不少方面仍与英国相差无几---然而,实实在在是个异邦。两地有着莫名的共同之处,以及令人深感突兀的陌生感。原先的亲戚已形同陌路,就仿佛隔着马路招呼,等看到对方一脸茫然时,我们才意识到认错人。

1999年:English to Chinese:

In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name, to propitiate the ancestors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places.

In addition, one class(一类) of family reasons shares a border(接壤、相近)with the following category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy(使…忙(有事干)the wife; to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number of children on the assumption(设想、假设consumption 消费)that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined(突出、显现)by its converse(反面、相反): in some societies the failure to bear children(养孩子)(or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce. Beyond all that(除了这些)is the profound(深刻的、深远的)significance of children to the very institution(结构)of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a

proper family(完整的)—they need children to enrich the circle(丰富家庭生活、拓宽生活圈子), to validate(使…有效)its family character(家族的特征、风格), to gather(增加、集合)the redemptive(赎回的, 用于补偿的)influence of offspring. Children need the family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution(社会结构)uniquely(唯一)available, at least in principle, for (获得)security, comfort, assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile world. To most people, such a home base, in the literal sense, needs more than one person for sustenance(生计)and in generational extension(家族的繁衍).

【参考答案】:English to Chinese:

另外,有一类家庭原因与下列类别不无共同之处,那就是:生儿育女要么是为了维系现有婚姻,提高婚姻质量,要么是为了拴住丈夫,使妻子有所事事,要么是为了修复婚姻,给婚姻注入新的活力,亦或是出于多子多福的观念而多生儿女。当然,我们也可以从问题的反面得到昭示:在某些社会,无法生育子嗣(或不能生育男孩)对婚姻而言是最大的威胁,也可作为夫妻分手的现成理由。

后代对家庭这一体制本身所具有的深远意义远非如此。在许多人看来,丁克家庭算不上真正的家庭。夫妻需要孩子来拓宽自己的生活圈子,实现家庭在传宗接代中的作用,并从子孙后代身上获取某种回报。在这个变幻莫测,常常不尽友善的世界上,家庭作为社会的基本单位,至少可在原则上,以其独特方式为家人提供安全保障,抚慰家人受伤的心灵,为家人指出生活方向,因此,孩子需要家庭,但与此同时,家庭也需要孩子。

2000年:ENGLISH TO CHINESE

If people mean anything at all by the expression “untimely(不合时宜的,timely:适时的、及时的)death”, they must believe that some deaths run on(连续, 不分段, 流逝, 涉及)a better schedule than others. Death in old age is rarely called untimely—a long life is thought to be a full one. But with the passing(= passing away 死亡)of a young person, one assumes(假定、设想)that the

best years lay ahead and the measure(尺度、评价)of that life was still to be taken.

History denies this, of course. Among prominent(卓越的、突出的)summer(壮年时期, 青春)deaths, one recalls those of Marilyn Monroe(马丽莲?梦露)and James Deans(詹姆士?迪恩斯), whose lives seemed equally brief and complete. Writers cannot bear the fact that poet John Keats (约翰?济慈)died at 26, and only half playfully(开玩笑地)judge their own lives as failures when they pass that year. The idea that the life cut short is unfulfilled is illogical because lives are measured by the impressions they leave on the world and by their intensity(强度、亮度

=achievements: 成就)and virtue(德行、品德).

【参考译文】

如果人们使用“死不逢时”的时候有所指的话,那肯定认为一些人的逝世是寿终正寝,而另外一些人的辞世则是英年早逝。很少有人会说因年老而死亡是“死不逢时”---人们总是把老年人的寿终正寝看作是一种圆满。但是对于一个英年早逝的人,人们常常认为他的好日子还在后头,对他短暂的一生作出评价还为时尚早。

然而,历史对此观点持否定态度。谈到英年早逝的人物,人们常常回想起马丽莲?梦露和詹姆士?迪恩斯。二人生命虽短,却功成名就。作家们难以接受英国诗人约翰?济慈26岁便匆匆辞世的残酷现实,然而,当他们26岁时,只有自嘲虚度年华碌碌无为的份了。那种认为生命短暂就不圆满的观点是不合逻辑的,因为评价一个人的一生应当看他给世人留下的印象,他所取得的成就,以及他的个人品质。

2001年:ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau’s idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one’s perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high. What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts. Effort is the gist(要点,主旨)of it. There is no happiness except as we take on(接纳) life-engaging(有魅力的、迷人的)difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms(相同的表达、看法)when he spoke of “The pleasure of taking pains”. The mortal flaw (致命的缺陷)in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports(宣称、声称)to be effortless.

We demand difficulty even in our games(体育比赛、游戏). We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary(武断的)imposition(强迫接受)of difficulty. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the rules. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun.

【参考译文】

努力是问题的关键。如果不经历艰难困苦,就没有幸福可言。正如爱尔兰诗人叶芝所言,除了极少数不大可能出现的情况外,我们一生中得到的满意程度取决于我们愿意克服的困难有多大。美国诗人罗伯特费罗斯特谈到“苦中求乐”时,也表达了相同的看法。出现在广告中的幸福都有一个致命的错误,那就是,不费吹灰之力即可获得幸福。

即使在体育比赛中,我们也需要克服困难。我们需要克服困难,因为没有困难就没有比赛。比赛就是使某件事情变得更加困难,以便难中取乐。制定比赛规则就是故意制造困难。违反竞赛规则也就丧失了比赛乐趣。下棋时,如果不受规则的约束,高兴怎么走就怎么走,你很容易取胜。然而,乐趣源于胜利而又遵守规则。没有困难,也就没有乐趣。

2002年:ENGLISH TO CHINESE

The word “winner” and “loser” have many meanings. When they refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes some else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genien, both as an individual and as a member of a society.

Winners do not decide their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be; rather, they are themselves and so much do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence(伪装) and manipulating(操纵)others. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.

优胜者会有自己的生活理念,其生活不会局限于某种假想的理念;取而代之的是,他们坚持自我,并不会费力去装腔作势,刻意去维持虚伪,或者劳神去操纵他人。他们深知,真爱和虚情之差,愚蠢和糊涂之异,真才和伪学之别。优胜者无需掩藏自我。

Winners are not afraid of to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge. They can separate facts from opinions and don’t pretend to have a ll the answers. They listen to others, evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions. Although winners can admire and

respect other people, they are not totally defined, demolished(毁坏、推翻), bound, or awed(敬畏)by them.

优胜者勇于独立思考,敢于展示才华。他们能辨别意念和事实,不会假装自己无所不晓,无所不能。他们善于倾听他人的见解,并权衡其利弊,但最终得出的是自己的结论。尽管他们会敬重他人,但不会受到局限和束缚,也不会被吓倒,更不会因此而自溃。

Winners do not play “helpless”, nor do they play the blaming game. Instead, they assume(假定、设想、采取)responsibility for their own lives.

优胜者不会面对困难而显得无助(敢于只面困难),也不会怨天尤人。相反,他们会努力肩负起自己对待生活的责任。

【参考答案】ENGLISH TO CHINESE

胜者不会穷其毕生精力,去拘泥于某个他们所想象的为人之道;相反,他们会保持其真我本色,并且,作为这种追求真我的仁者,他们不会绞尽脑汁装腔作势,维持一种自命不凡的姿态,或去操纵他人。他们深知,在真心关爱和虚情假意之间,在顽固不化和大智若愚之间,在真才实学和装学富五车之间,实质上都存在着天壤之别。成功者无需面具掩藏自我。

胜者勇于独立思考,敢于展示才华。他们能将事实和观点区分开来,不会僭称自己无所不晓。他们会倾听他人的见解,并权衡利弊,从而最终得出自己的结论。尽管会钦佩敬重他人,但他们从不为其所羁绊。

胜者绝不装出可怜巴巴的样子,以企图博得他人同情,他们也不怨天尤人。相反,他们会毅然肩负起对自己人生的责任。

ST1. 成功者们不以他们设想的理念来规约他们自己的生活,而是体现自我本色。他们不会耗费精力去虚伪得生活,在人前“表演”,甚至操纵他人。他们懂得他人与假装关爱他人的不同,懂得真正的愚昧与假装愚昧之间的区别,懂得知识渊博与实则浅薄之间的差别。成功者们无须带着面具生活。

成功者们能运用自己的知识进行独立思考。他们能够分清事实,而不会假装他们自己无所不知。他们会倾听他人的想法,评判他人的言论,最后得出自己的结论。虽然成功者也会钦佩、尊敬他人,但他们不会受他人牵制,被他人左右,或被他人打垮。

St2:

成功者们不以他们设想的理念来规约他们自己的生活,而是体现自我本色。他们不会耗费精力去虚伪得生活,在人前“表演”,甚至操纵他人。他们懂得他人与假装关爱他人的不同,懂得真正的愚昧与假装愚昧之间的区别,懂得知识渊博与实则浅薄之间的差别。成功者们无须带着面具生活。

成功者们能运用自己的知识进行独立思考。他们能够分清事实,而不会假装他们自己无所不知。他们会倾听他人的想法,评判他人的言论,最后得出自己的结论。虽然成功者也会钦佩、尊敬他人,但他们不会受他人牵制,被他人左右,或被他人打垮。

2003年:ENGLISH TO CHINESE

In his classic novel, “The Pioneers”, James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, with his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a bustling metropolis(大城市,大都市). But his cousin looks around bewildered(困惑、迷惑). All

she sees is a forest. “Where are the beauties and improvements(改造的地方)which you were to show me?” she asks. He’s astonished she can’t see them. “Where! Why everywhere,” he replies. For though they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they are as concrete

to him as if they were already constructed and finished.

Cooper was illustrating(讲述、描述、阐述)a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness(minded:有思想的,着眼未来的): the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered 【没有阻碍的, 不受妨碍的;cumber(n.)障碍→encumber(v.)阻碍→encumbered有阻碍的→unencumbered没有阻碍的】by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, “Life for the American is always becoming(会变成什么样子), never being(现在是什么样子).”

【参考答案】ENGLISH TO CHINESE

詹姆斯·费尼莫·库珀在其经典小说《拓荒者》中,讲述了主人公,一个土地开发商人,带着他的表妹参观他正在开发承建的一座城市。他说,这是一个熙熙攘攘的大都市,街道宽阔,房屋林立。而他的表妹却环顾四周,大惑不解。她所看见的只是一片树林。她不禁问道:“你要给我看的美景在哪,被你改造了的地方又在哪?”。开发商没料到他的表妹竟看不到他所讲的一切,惊讶地回答说,“哪儿?到处都是啊!”虽然这一切还未在大地上建成,但他已经在脑海里建好了,对他来说,这一切都像已

经建成竣工了那样真实具体。

在这里库珀揭示了美国人的一个典型特点:那就是着眼未来,也就是说,他们能够从未来的角度看待现在的一切,可以不为过去所羁绊看待现在,在情感上更多地依附于未来的事物。正如阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦曾经说过的那样:“对美国人来说,生活总是在发展变化中,从来不会静止不变。”

2004年:ENGLISH TO CHINESE

For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life, and mine has been that for the last twenty years, is that it becomes increasingly rewarding. When I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocean, as I do most days, and know that I have an entire day ahead, uninterrupted, in which to write a few pages, take a walk with my dog, read and listen to music, I am flooded with happiness. I’m lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when from the time being I feel empty and need filling up. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim(边缘) with experience that needs to be sorted out(挑选、选择).

Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self(本性、本我)is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants and perhaps, by looking again at each one(指代plant植物)as though it were a person.

It takes a while, as I watch the surf(水浪)blowing up in fountains(喷泉), but the moment(指the lonely moment)comes when the worlds falls away, and the self emerges again from the deep unconscious(潜意识), bringing back all I have recently experienced to be explored and slowly understood.

【参考答案】CHINESE TO ENGLISH

只有我在非常疲劳的时候,在我不断工作了很长时间以后,在我倍感空虚,需要充实时候,我才会感到寂寞。而有时候在我结束巡回演讲回家的时候,在讲了很多话后,而且有太多经历需要整理时,我也会感到寂寞。

于是,有那么一会儿,我感到房子又大又空,我都不知道我的自我又到哪里去了。这时,我必须给植物浇水,并挨个瞅瞅,仿佛他们是有生命的精灵一般,这样我才能慢慢找到我的那个自我。

很长一段时间,我看着水浪从喷泉中喷涌而出。但只有当世界在我身边逐渐消失,当我再次从我内心深处的无意识中冒出来时,带给我最近的种种经历,让我探究,让我慢慢领会时,我才会感到寂寞。

当我因为持续工作太久而感觉疲劳空虚,需要充实一下的时候,我会觉得孤独。有时,我出差做讲座,见很多人,说很多话,回来后脑子里很多东西需要理一理,这时我也会觉得孤独。

(St. Version 1)

那一刻,我会觉得房子异常空旷,也不知道自己身在何处。我只得去给花木浇水,或者把它们当成人来洞察,这样我才能慢慢地找回自我。

欣赏喷泉的时候,我发现:水花总需要一段时间才能形成,但是这一刻总会到来。届时,周围的一切都隐去了,自我从潜意识的深处复苏,将最近所经历的一切重新展示在我的面前,有待我去细细研究,慢慢领悟。

(St. Version 2)

只有当长时间不停工作而疲惫不堪或是感到空虚而需要充实的时候,我才会感到孤独。有时讲学归来,孤寂之感也会袭上心头,因为与众人交谈甚多需好好整理自己的思路。

于是那一刹那,我觉得整个屋子空空荡荡,苦苦寻思自己到底躲匿在屋子的哪个角落。当我给花木浇水,仔细端详它们,想象他们跟我一样也是人的时候,自我感觉便一点一点恢复过来。

待到喷泉喷射而出,需小等片刻。此刻,现实的繁芜复杂悄然隐去,慢慢恢复自我,细细咂味近日的所见所闻。

2005年:ENGLISH TO CHINESE

It is simple enough to say that since books have classes----fiction, biography, poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred(模糊的,不明确的)and divided minds(分心), asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish(消除) all such preconceptions(偏见、成见)when we read, that would be an admirable(绝妙的、极好的)beginning. Do not dictate(口述、发号施令)to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice(同谋、合作者). If you hang back(迟疑、犹豫不决), and reserve(保留、储备)and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible(觉察不到的)fineness(优良、出色), from the twist and turn of the first sentences(换行的句子), will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep(沉浸、潜心、专心)yourself in this, acquaint(使熟知)yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.

【参考译文】ENGLISH TO CHINESE

然而很少有人愿意接受书上的告诉我们的东西。我们通常是带着一种不明确的不专一的目的去读书,我们要求小说是真实的,诗歌应该是虚构的,传记应该是奉承人的,历史则应该是能加深我们自己的偏见的。如果我们读书的时候能够屏弃这些成见,那将会是一个绝妙的开端。不要试图对作者发号施令,而是要设身处地把作者的思路,把自己当作作者的合作伙伴。假如你开始就犹豫不决,不愿接受作者观点,甚至对作者观点评头论足,你就是给自己设置障碍,使自己不可能最大限度地利用书本。然而,如果你尽量敞开心扉,那么文章开头就能给你一些暗示,由此一个与众不同的人物形象将跃然呈现于你面前。

2006年:ENGLISH TO CHINESE

I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of

the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering. You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word, it is victory. Victory at all costsvictory in spite

of all terrors---victory, however long and hard the road may be, for without victory there is no survival.

Let that be realized, no survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that British

Empire has stood for , no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages, that mankind shall

more forward toward his goal. I take up my task in buoyancy and hope. I feel sure that our

cause will not be suffered to fail among men. I feel entitled at this juncture, at this time,

to claim the aid of all and to say, “Come then, let us go forward together with our united strength.”

【参考译文】ENGLISH TO CHINESE

我能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、泪水和汗水。我们所面临的将是一场极为残酷的考验,我们面临的将是旷日持久的斗争和苦难。你若问我们的目标是什么?我可以用一个词来概括,那就是胜利。不惜一切代价去夺取胜利,不畏惧一切恐怖去夺取胜利,不论前路再长再苦也要多去胜利,因为没有胜利纠无法生存!我们必须意识到,没有胜利就没有大英帝国,没有胜利就没有大英帝国所象征的一切,没有胜利就没有多少世纪以来强烈的要求和冲动:人类应当向自己的目标迈进。此刻,我的精神振奋,满怀信心地承当起自己的人物。我确信,只要我们大家联合,我们的事业就不会挫败。此时此刻千钧一发之际,我觉得我有权要求各方面的支持。我要呼吁:“来吧,让我们群策努力,并肩迈进!”

2007年ENGLISH TO CHINESE

寰球通名人博客作品,转载请保留此声明!https://www.sodocs.net/doc/247687966.html,/blog/translation

2007年的8级考试选自哈佛大学校长劳伦斯·萨默斯演讲,演说全部内容如下,其中划线部分为考试内容。难度适中。

Today, I speak from this podium a final time as your president. As I depart, I want to thank all of you - students, faculty, alumni and staff - with whom I have been privileged to work over these past years. Some of us have had our disagreements, but I know that which unites us transcends that which divides us.

今天,我将以校长的身份,最后一次在这个讲台上演讲。即将离任前,我要感谢诸位学生、教师、校友和员工,而且非常荣幸在过去的5年里能与你们共事。我们中的一些人意见不尽相同,但是,我知道,我们的共识远远超越分歧。

Some things look different to me than they did five years ago. The world that today’s Harvard’s graduates are entering is a profoundly different one than the world administrators entered.

在我看来,现在于5年前不同了。今天的哈佛毕业生正在进入的世界和管理人员当年所进入的世界相比已是大相径庭了。

It is a world where opportunities have never been greater for those who know how to teach children to read, or those who know how to distribute financial risk; never greater for those who understand the cell and the pixel; never greater for those who can master, and navigate between, legal codes, faith traditions, computer platforms, political viewpoints.

现今世界,机遇对于这些人来说是空前的:他们知道如何教子女阅读;他们知道如何组合投资;他们懂得【计算机科学】基本存储单元和像素概念;他们能掌握各种法典、传统信仰、计算机平台、政治观点并在其中游刃有余。

It is also a world where some are left further and further behind - those who are not educated, those trapped in poverty and violence, those for whom equal opportunity is just a hollow phrase. [u]同时,现今世界,一些人越来越落后于时代。这些人没受过教育、深陷于贫穷和暴力、平等机遇对他们而言,仅是一句空话。

Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life.

科技进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、物质最基本的成分及生命的奇迹。

At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet.

与此同时,今天,人类所做的及没能做到的事情,不仅危害到这个星球上的生命,也危害到该星球的寿命。

Globalization is XXXXXX the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world.[/u]

Universities are where the wisdom we cannot afford to lose is preserved from generation to generation. Among all human institutions, universities can look beyond present norms to future possibilities, can look through current considerations to emergent opportunities.

大学是人类把不可或缺的智慧世代流传的殿堂。就人类所有公共机构而言,仅仅大学,能够超越当前的准则,注意到未来的可能性;能通过目前的判断,注意到突发的机遇。

And among universities, Harvard stands out. With its great tradition, its iconic reputation, its remarkable network of 300,000 alumni, Harvard has never had as much potential as it does now.

哈佛在大学中间,鹤立鸡群。凭其伟大的传统、因袭声誉及其非凡的300000校友网,哈佛的潜力前所未有。

And yet, great and proud institutions, like great and proud nations at their peak, must surmount a very real risk: that the very strength of their traditions will lead to caution, to an inward focus on prerogative and to a complacency that lets the world pass them by.

可是,就像伟大和自豪的国家在其鼎盛时期一样,它们必须克服一个完全不能掉以轻心的危险因素:它们传统的绝对强势将会导致谨小慎微、追求内部特权及自满,这将使它们不能与时俱进.

And so I say to you that our University today is at an inflection point in its history. At such a moment, there is temptation to elevate comfort and consensus over progress and clear direction, but this wou ld be a mistake. The University’s matchless resources - human, physical, financial - demand that we seize this moment with vision and boldness. To do otherwise would be a lost opportunity. We can spur great deeds that history will mark decades and even centuries from now. If Harvard can find the courage to change itself, it can change the world.

今天,哈佛正处于其历史的转折点。此时此刻的自然倾向是,把贪图舒适和随波逐流留凌驾于进步和方向性之上,但,这可能是错误的。大学无与伦比的资源?—人、财、物—要求我们远见卓识和勇敢地抓住这个时机,否则,将会坐失良机。我们能推动将会被历史永世铭记的伟大的事业。如果哈佛能找到勇气来改变自己,它就能改变世界。

2008年:ENGLISH TO CHINESE

But ,as has been true in many other cases, when they were at last married ,the most ideal of situations was found to have been changed to the most practical . instead of hacing shared their original duties,and as schol –boys would say, going halves,they discovered that the cares of life had been doubled.this led to some distressing moments for both our friends;they understood suddenlu that instead of dwelling in heaven they were still upon earth ,and had made themselves slaves to new laws and limitations. Instead of being freer and happier than ever before,they had assumed new responsibilities; they had established a n

ew household,and must fulfill in some way or another the obligations of it. They looked back with affection to their engagement;they had been longing to have each other to themselves,apart from the world,but it seemed that they never felt so keenly that they were still units in modern society.

【参考译文】ENGLISH TO CHINESE

本文选自朱厄特的文章《新生活》The New Life by Sarah Jewett

萨拉?奥恩?朱厄特(Sarah Orne Jewett, 1849-1909) 生于缅因州南贝里克镇,十几岁时就已开始写作。初期写的短篇,收集在《深港》里(Deephaven, 1877),出版后反应良好,其后又写了一些短篇,几部小说和诗歌,大部写的都是缅因州的生活。一八九六年出版的《针枞之乡》(The Country of the Pointed Firs)是她最著名的作品。

参考译文

但是正如其他许多已经发生过的事情一样,当他们最终结婚后,发现最憧憬的生活变得再实际不过了。他们非但没有分担各自原先的责任---正如那些学生们所说"一半一半",相反却发现生活的重担加倍了。这使得我们那两个结婚的朋友时常觉得沮丧;他们突然发现自己并没有过着天堂般的生活而是仍实实在在地生活在地球上,而且成为了新规则和新约束的奴隶。生活并没有比以前更自由、更幸福,因为他们要去承担新的责任。既然成立了一个新的家庭,那就无论如何也要尽一点家庭的义务。他们深情地回想起订婚的那段时光,曾经如此地渴望拥有彼此而忘掉这个世界,然而现在最深切的感受却是自己仍是这个世界的一份子。

2009

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

We, the human species, are confronting a planetary emergency - a threat to the survival of our civilization that is gathering ominous and destructive potential even as we gather here. But there is hopeful news as well: we have the ability to solve this crisis and avoid the worst - though not all - of its consequences, if we act boldly, decisively and quickly. However, too many of the world's leaders are still best described in the words of Winston Churchill applied to those who ignored Adolf Hitler's threat: "They go on in strange paradox, decided only to be undecided, resolved to be irresolute, all powerful to be impotent. "So today, we dumped another 70 million tons of global-warming pollution into the thin shell of atmosphere surrounding our planet, as if it were an

open sewer. And tomorrow, we will dump a slightly larger amount, with the cumulative concentrations now trapping more and more heat from the sun

该文章选自Al Gore's Nobel Lecture

艾伯特?阿诺?戈尔(Albert Arnold "Al" Gore, Jr.,1948年3月31日出生于美国华盛顿特区),于1993年至2001年间在比尔?克林顿掌政时担任美国第四十五任副总统。其后升为一名国际上著名的环境学家,由于在环球气候变化与环境问题上的贡献受到国际的肯定,因而与政府间气候变化专门委员会共同获得2007年度诺贝尔和平奖。(环球时代吴中东)

参考译文:

我们人类,正面临全球性的危机,我们的生存和文明受到威胁。尽管我们聚在一起共商对策,而灾难却在扩大,形式不容乐观。但也有令人欣喜的消息:如果行动大胆果断,反应迅速,我们有能力解决这场危机,避免其向最坏的方向发展。

但是,时下世界上的许多国家领导人可以用当年温斯顿?丘吉尔批评欧洲诸政要忽视阿道夫?希特勒的名言来形容,"它们在奇怪的悖论中前行,仅仅为一个决定而犹豫不决,有了决心却拖泥带水,信心犹疑不定,见解随波逐流,掌权者虚弱无力。"

而如今我们向这个星球脆弱的大气层倾倒超过七千万吨温室气体,把其当作天然排污口。明天我们还会变本加厉,堆积的温室气体吸纳了越来越多的太阳热度。

2010年

I thought that it was a Sunday morning in May;that it was Easter Sunday,and as yet very early in the morning.I was standing,as it seemed to me,at the door of mv own cottage.Right before me lay the very scene which could really be commanded from that situation,but exalted, as was usual,and solemnised by the power of dreams.There were the same mountains,and the same lovely valley at their feet;but the mountains were raised to more than Alpine height,and there was interspace far larger between them of savannahs and forest lawns;the hedges were rich with white roses;and no living creature was to be seen, excepting that in the green churchyard there were cattle tranquilly reposing upon the verdant graves,and particularly round about the grave of a child whom I had once tenderly loved,just as I had really seen them,a little before sunrise,in the same summer when that child died.

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2013汉译英 生活像一杯红酒,热爱生活的人会从中品出无穷的美妙。Life is like a cup of wine;people who love it discover inexhaustible wonders from it. 将它握在手中观察,它的暗红有血的感觉,那正是生命的痕迹。Hold in the hand and gaze at it,the dark red color is reminiscent of the blood,which is the impress of life.抿一口留在口中回味,它的甘甜有一丝苦涩,如人生一般复杂迷离。Take a sip of it and appreciate the taste,the bittersweet flavor is exactly the same with life,which is complicated and blurred. 喝一口下肚,余香润人心肺,让人终受益。Once the sip is swallowed,the lingering fragrance pleases the heart and refreshes the mind,leaving a person lifelong benefit. 红酒越陈越美味,生活越丰富越美好。There was a remarkable resemblance between life and wine:the taste becomes more delicious as the wine mellows,just as life gets better as it becomes more abundant. 当人生走向晚年,就如一瓶待开封的好酒,其色彩是沉静的,味道中充满慷慨于智慧。 When life comes to twilight years,it looks calm and tastes full of wisdom and generosity,just like a bottle of wine to be savored. 英译汉 联合国代表大会,中心政治论坛,由193个成员国组成,几乎包括世界上所有国家,其中三分之二的国家为发展中国家,占世界总人口的四分之三。通过决议非常困难,尤其是所有惯例决出的协议必须达成一致才能通过。结果就是,重要的协议总是被狭隘的特殊利益所挟持,并且大部分协议都只是用来使自己的利益最大化。但真正的问题是世界上主要国.是否愿意看到民主最大限度地开展。联合国安理会,负责和平和安全,处理最重要的政治问题。安理会只有15个成员国,所以能经常性地应付危机。它曾一度由于冷战对立而停摆,但已经重新获得了联合国宪章给予的权利。 2012汉译英 痛苦纠聚心中,眉心发烫发热,胸口郁闷难展,胃里一股气冲喉而上。院长说这孩子发育迟缓时,她更是心头无绪。她在孩子所待的房里来回踱步,这房里还有其他小孩。整个房间只有一扇窗,窗外树影婆娑。就让孩子留下来吧,这里有善心的神父和修女,这里将来会扩充为有医疗作用的看护中心,这是留住孩子最好的地方。这孩子是她的秘密,她将秘密留在这树林掩映的建筑里。 Tortured by the pains gathering in her heart, she felt something was burning between her eyebrows. Her chest was brimmed with depression which was likely to run out of her throat at any moment. She could not think clearly any longer when the headmaster told her that the child suffered from developmental retardation. She strode up and down in the room where her child stayed with other pals. There was only one window in the room, out of which some shady trees were whispering. ―Just leave it here‖, she told herself, ―This is the best choice by far, for there are kind priests and nuns in this place which may also be renovated into a Medicare center‖. The chi ld was her secret which would be kept in the buildings behind the woods. 英译汉But such policies seem instead to have created the conditions for even more campus violence. Some college students who previously drank in bars and lounges under the watchful supervision of bouncers(夜总会,就把等保安人员)(not to mention owners eager to keep their liquor licenses)now retreat to the sanctuary of their fraternity houses and apartments, where they no longer control their behavior their drinking. The boomerang effect has also played a role in attempts to reduce the availability of illicit drugs. During recent years, the federal government has been quite successful in reducing the supply of street drugs. As fields are burned and contraband(违禁品) confiscated, the price of street drugs has skyrocketed to a point where cheap alternatives have begun to compete in the marketplace. Unfortunately, the cheap alternatives are even more harmful than the illicit drugs they replace. 然而上述政策反而引发了更多的校园暴力。一些大学生先前在夜总会的酒吧买醉,处于保安人员严密的监控之下(酒吧老板们为了保住自己卖酒的牌照也不会允许过激的事情发生)。现在,大学生们躲到他们互助会会所和公寓中酗酒,对自己饮酒的 数量或行为都不再控制。政府在打击非法毒品方面采取的措施同样适得其反。近年来,联邦政府已经有效地抑制了街头毒品买卖。警方捣毁了很多毒品种植地,没收了违禁品,导致毒品的价格暴涨,那些便宜的替代品因此也有了竞争力。糟糕的是,那些便宜的替换品带来的危害甚至比他们所替代的毒品更大。 2011:汉译英原文现代社会无论价值观的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。而最让现代人感到尴尬的是,面对重重矛

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