新世纪研究生公共英语教材听说 学生用书听力原文上(免费)

LESSON ONE

Music

1. M: By the way, Jane, did you talk to the consultant顾问about our new health program?

W: I contacted联系his office but his secretary said he would （be out for）试图得到lunch until two.

Q: What does the woman mean?

2. W: We need to let everyone know about the charity [?t??riti] n. 慈爱concert, but we don't have much money for advertising.

M: How about using the school radio station? They broadcast free public service 服务announcements.通告

Q: What does the man suggest they do?

3. W: I don't understand why this self-study自学book doesn't have answers to the questions.

M: But it does. You can find them at the back of the book.

Q: What does the man say about the self-study book?

4. M: The new sales manager says he has never met you before.

W: We've been introduced about three times. He seems a little forgetful.

Q: What do we learn about the new sales manager?

5. M: Have you had the brakes[breik] n制动器; 闸; 刹车. and tires checked? And do you have enough money?

W: I have taken care of everything. And I'm sure it's going to be a wonderful极好的, 精彩的, 绝妙的trip.

Q: What's the woman going to do?

g. M: I've had my new stereo立体声for a whole week, but I haven't yet figured out

想到how to record music.

W: Didn't an instruction manual [?m?nju?l] 手册形式的，像手册的；教范性质的come with it?

Q: What does the woman imply?

7. W: I want to pay you for that long-distance call I made. But, I suppose you haven't gotten your phone bill yet,

M: Oh, but I have.

Q: What does the man mean?

8. M: Professor Smith assigned us three more novels to read.

W: He must think you don't have any other classes.

Q: What can be inferred about Professor Smith?

9. M: Let's go watch the fireworks烟花tonight.

W: I have tickets to the theater.

Q: What does the woman mean?

10. M: I am exhausted筋疲力尽的. I stayed up熬夜the whole night studying for my history midterm exam.

W: Why do you always wait till the last minute?

Q: What can be inferred about the man?

11. M: I'll be coming straight from work, so I'll have to pack包装；捆扎a change of clothes.

W: It's only a barbecue [?bɑ:bikju:] (常用于室外的)金属烤架. Jeans and T-shirts will be fine.

Q: What does the woman imply?

12. W: I'm going to the snack [sn?k] 小吃; 点心; 快餐bar for a cup of coffee. Would you like me to bring you back something?

M: Not from the snack bar, but could you pick up a paper for me?

Q: What does the man mean?

13. M: I don't understand how this budget was calculated[?k?lkjuleit] 计算, 估计,

核算.

W: Let me have a look, OK?

Q: What does the woman mean?

14. W: We need a fourth player for tennis this morning. Do you want to join us?

M: I've got a class at nine, but Carol is free and she is really good.

Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?

15. W: Have you saved enough to buy that new printer for your computer yet?

M: You know, money seems to be burning a hole in my pocket lately. Maybe next month.

Q: What does the man mean?

PART B Intensive加强的Listening: Music

Passage I: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart沃尔夫冈·阿马多伊斯·莫扎特

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) was one of the most human and lovable [?l?v?b?l]可爱的,惹人爱的of the great composers[k?m?p??z?] (尤指古典音乐)作曲家,创作者,作曲者. The period in which he lived was one of romantic interest, and his early life as a musical音乐的, 用于音乐的, 有音乐的child genius [?d?i:nj?s]天才, 天赋before the principal最重要的; 主要的courts of Europe reads like a fairy [?f??ri]仙人, 小仙子, 小精灵tale传说；陈述.

(At no time)决不in the history of the world has the court life of Europe been so wasteful [?we?stf?l]浪费的;挥霍的;耗费的as during the later half of the eighteenth century. One of the great child geniuses [?d?i:nj?s]天才, 天赋the world has ever known, the boy Mozart, and his sister Maria Anna, soon became the court favorites [?feiv?rit]特别喜欢的人(或物),喜欢的事物,亲信,心腹,幸运儿and traveled not only in Austria, but to France and Italy as well. It was but natural天生的, 生来的，本来

的，与生俱来的that the youthful青年人的; 青春的; genius [?d?i:nj?s]天才, 天赋should be influenced by these experiences. There is a delicacy [?del?k?si:] 精致, 精美;娇嫩and refinement [r??fa?nm?nt]精炼；提炼；提纯in Mozart's musical expression which is not found in the works of his master男教师; 院长, Haydn.

From his seventh year until his death at the age of thirty-five, Mozart's genius (poured

forth)连续不断地流出a free stream of over a thousand melodious [m??l??di:?s]有旋

律的,产生旋律的compositions创作, 写作, 作曲, many of which were never published. Mozart wrote all forms for all instruments仪器. Of his forty-nine

symphonies[?simf?ni]交响乐, 交响曲, the two greatest are G-minor and C-major. These works were both written in six weeks during the summer of 1788.

As a composer (尤指古典音乐)作曲家,创作者,作曲者of opera [??p?r?]歌剧, Mozart still remains pre-eminent卓越的,优秀的. His dramatic戏剧性的works show great individual个别的, 单独的, 个人的genius天才, 天赋, but little regard for the previous先前的, 以前的reforms改革, 改良, 改造of Gluck. His areas have never been surpassed 超过; 优于; 多于; 非…所能办到and his dramatic戏剧的, 剧本

的simplicity[sim?plisiti]简单, 朴素, 率直has rarely been equaled by succeeding

composers作曲家. Mozart's greatest operas歌剧, "The Marriage of Figaro费加罗的婚礼", "Don Giovanni' and "The Magic Flute" are still popular favorites with singers 歌手;歌唱家and the public as well. Gifted with a marvelous free melody, Mozart's music, even in his strictest compositions, possesses[p??zes].具有 a simplicity简单, 朴素, 率直and naive grace优雅which charms[t?ɑ:m]使高兴, 使着迷; 吸引all hearers.

1. Which of the following countries had NOT been visited by Mozart and his sister?

2. How many symphonies交响乐did Mozart create?

3. Which word could be used to describe描写, 叙述the period in which Mozart lived?

4. In which period did Mozart live?

5. How long did Mozart engage in参加; 从事; 忙于composing?

II.

1. ( F ) Like his master Haydn, Mozart created his works with refinement细微的改良; （精细的）改进, 改善and delicacy精致, 精美;娇嫩.

2. ( T ) Mozart composed all forms of music for all instruments.

3. ( F ) In Mozart's works, much attention was paid to the previous先前的, 以前的reforms of Gluck格卢克.

4. ( T ) Mozart's areas have never been surpassed超过; 优于.

5. (T) Simplicity简单, 朴素, 率直is one of the characteristics特征in Mozart's music.

Passage II: American Music

One of America's most important exports出口is her modern music. American music is played all over the world. It is enjoyed by the people of all ages in all countries. Although the lyrics ['liriks]歌词are English, people not speaking English can enjoy it too. The reasons for its popularity普遍,流行; are its fast pace [peis步子；节奏and rhythmic [?r?em?k] 有韵律的, 有节奏的beat[bi:t]节拍, 拍子.

The music has many origins [??rid?in]起点; 来源in the United States. Country music, coming from the rural农村的，乡村的areas in the southern United States, is one source来源, 出处. Country music features以…为物色是…特征simple themes 题目，主题，and melodies 曲调, 歌曲describing day-to-day situations形势; 情况and the feelings of country people. Many people appreciate欣赏, 赏识, this music because of the emotions 情感，感情expressed by country music songs.

A second origin of American popular music is the blues[blu:z]布鲁斯歌曲；蓝调歌曲. It depicts描述mostly sad feelings reflecting表达; 反映the difficult lives of American blacks. It is usually played and sung by black musicians, but it is popular with all Americans.

（Rock music）摇滚音乐is a newer form of music. This music style风格, featuring .以…为物色是…特征fast and repetitious重复的;反复的rhythms节奏, was influenced by the blues布鲁斯歌曲；蓝调歌曲and country music. It was first known as rock-and-roll in the 1950s. Since then there have been many forms of rock music: hard rock, soft rock, and others. Many performers of popular music are young musicians.

American popular music is marketed在市场上出售某物to a demanding(顾客的)

需求、需要audience观众, 听众; 读者. Now popular songs are heard on the radio several times a day. Some songs have become popular all over the world. People hear these songs sung in their original起初的; 原来的English or sometimes translated

into other languages. The words may differ but the enjoyment of the music is universal普遍的.

I.

1. Which group of people enjoy American music?

2. Why is American music so popular in all countries?

3. What can be learned from the passage?

4. What do you know from the passage?

5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

Passage III: Music in Different Cultures

In western culture music is regarded as good by birth在血统上,生来, and sounds that are welcome are said to be "music to the ears". In some other cultures文化-- for example, Islamic伊斯兰的,伊斯兰教的culture -- it is of little value, associated (使)发生联系, (使)联合; 结交, 结伙with sin [sin]罪恶, 罪孽and evil罪恶. In the West and in the high cultures of Asia, it is said that there are three types of music. First, classical古典的, 经典的music, composed 组成, 构成and performed by trained professionals具有某专业资格的人, 专业人士originally最初under the support of courts 宫廷, 宫室and religious宗教的establishments建立, 确立; second, folk music民间音乐, shared by the population at large and passed on传递; 传授orally口头上地,口述地, and third, popular music, performed by professionals, spread (使)传播, (使)散布through radio, television, records, film, and print, and consumed消耗，耗尽by the mass public.

Music is a major component成分, 组成部分, 部件, 元件in religious宗教的services, theater剧场,戏院,, and entertainment娱乐, 文娱节目, 表演会of all sorts. The most universal use of music is as a part of religious rituals仪式. In some tribal [?tra?b?l]部落的societies, music appears to serve as a special form of communication with supernatural超自然的;鬼、神或幻术所引起的beings, and its prominent显著的; 突出的use in modern Christian基督教徒and Jewish犹太人的;犹太教徒的services may be the leftover of just such an original原始的purpose. Another less obvious function of music is social adherence遵守;遵循；坚持. For most social groups, music can serve as a powerful symbol象征, 标志. Members of most societies share keen热衷的, 热心的, feelings as to what kind of music they "belong to". Indeed, some minorities少数, 小部分including, in the U. S.A., black Americans and Euro-American groups use music as a major symbol of group identity 身份. Music also symbolizes象征;作为…的象征military军事的, 军用的;, patriotic [?p?tri??tik]爱国的, 有爱国心的and funeral葬礼, 丧礼moods心情, 情绪and events. In a more general普遍的, 全面的; sense, music may express the

central最重要的, 主要的, 首要social values of a society. In western culture, the interrelationship相互关系of conductor and orchestra [??:kistr?]管弦乐队symbolizes the need for strong cooperation合作, 协作among various kinds of specialists 专家, 行家in a modern industrial society.

I.

1. In what culture is music regarded as good by birth?

2. Which of the following is performed by professionals?

3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

4. According to the passage, what is the most universal use of music?

5. Which of the following is NOT symbolized by music?

II.

1. In some other cultures, music is of low value, associated with sin and evil.

2. For most social groups, music can serve as a powerful symbol. Members of most societies share keen feelings as to what kind of music they "belong to".

3. In a more general sense, music may express the central social values of a society. In Western culture, the interrelationship between conductor and orchestra symbolizes the need for strong cooperation among various kinds of specialists in a modern industrial society.

PART C

（1）Practical （2）Religious

（3）Sunday School（4）Piano

（5）a walk （6）join them

（7）other people （8）go to the cinema

（9）at the time （10）duty

（11）gentle （12）discussion

（13）penniless （14）vivid

（15）greeted （16）love and warmth

（17）come home （18）principles

（19）applying

LESSON two

1. M: Do you still want to go to the graduate研究生的school after you get out of college?

W: I've changed my mind about that. I want to start working before I go back to school.

Q: What does the woman mean?

2. M: We've got a whole hour before the Browns come by来串门, 来访to pick us up 安排接取; 使搭乘; 搭救.

W: Yeah. But we'd better get moving赶快；快些开始.

Q: What does the woman suggest they do?

3. M: I'm thinking of getting a new printer.

W: I'd invest in在…上投资, 在…投入(时间、精力等) a laser [?leiz?激光] printer. The print quality is much better.

Q: What does the woman mean?

4. W: I've got a coupon [?ku:p?n]配给券；（购物）票证；（购物）优惠券for half-off 五折dinner at that new restaurant down the street. I think I'll use it when my cousin [?k?zn]堂[表]兄弟[姊妹] comes for a visit this weekend.

M: Where did you get it? I wouldn't mind（trying that place out too）试验.

Q: What does the man want to know?

5. W: What's Laura doing here today? I thought she was supposed 料想; 猜想; 以为to be out of离开了the office on Mondays.

W: She decided she'd rather have Fridays off instead.

Q: What can be inferred about Laura?

6. M: I need to find a new roommate <英>室友,住在同室的人.

W: So John's going to California after all.

Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?

7. M: My math assignment's工作, 任务due 到期的tomorrow morning and I haven't even started it yet.

W: I'll miss想念, 惦记you at the party tonight.

Q: What does the woman imply?

8. W: Those packages包, 包裹, 包在一起的东西took forever长久地；（与动词进行时连用）老是，没完没了地to arrive.

M: But they did arrive, didn't they?

Q: What does the man say about the packages?

9. M: My parents are coming to see our apartment一套房间, 一户this weekend.

W: Looks as if I'd better lend you my vacuum [?v?kju?m]〈口〉真空吸尘器cleaner 净化器then.

Q: What does the woman imply?

10. M: Sarah, did you have a chance to buy that new novel you wanted?

W: No, but I had Doris get it for me.

Q: What does Sarah say about the novel?

11. M: I've been waiting all week for this concert. The philharmonic [filɑ:?m?nik]交响乐团is supposed to be excellent and with our student discoun [?diskaunt]数目, 折扣t the tickets will be really cheap.

W: Uh -- uh, I'm afraid I left my student ID in my other purse钱包.

Q: What does the woman imply?暗示, 暗指

12. M: The university bookstore opens at 9 in the morning.

W: Oh, dear. I need a textbook教科书, 课本for my eight o'clock class today.

Q: What does the woman mean?

13. M: The storm暴风雨[雪] last night damaged some of the neighbor's roofs.

W: no wonder不足为奇.

Q: What does the woman mean?

14. M: You've certainly无疑地; 确定地；肯定地been reading that one page for a long time now.

W: Well, I'm being tested on it tomorrow.

Q: What does the woman imply暗示?

15. W: Another thing we need to do is show the new students around town. You know, show them all the sights视野；风景of the area.

M: I don't see why we need to do that ourselves. I understand the visitors' center offers a wonderful bus tour旅行, 观光.

Q: What does the man suggest they do?

PART B

Passage I:

People in the US get a two-week paid有报酬的;领取报酬的vacation from their job every year. Most British people have four or five weeks paid holiday a year. Americans often complain抱怨, 诉苦; 投诉that two weeks is not enough especially when they hear about the longer holidays that Europeans enjoy. In addition, there are eight days in each European country, which are public holidays (the British call Bank Holiday) and many of these fall on落到, 轮到a Monday giving people a long weekend.

What do people do in Britain and the US when they are on holidays? In the US, outdoor vacations are popular, for example, at the Grand Canyon峡谷or Yellowstone or other national parks or forests. Young people may go walking or camping 宿营, 露营in the mountains. Many people have small trailers拖车, 挂车

in which to travel, or if they are in a car, they may stay at motels汽车旅馆on the journey旅行; 行程;. Disneyland and Disney world are also popular and people can go skiing in the Rocky洛矶Mountains of Colorado科罗拉多州, Wyoming怀俄明州and Montana蒙大纳(美国州名). Some children go to summer camp for a holiday during the summer vacation from school, where they do special activities, such as sports or crafts技巧；技能；技艺. When Americans want a holiday for fun in the sun, they usually go to Florida, Hawaii, Mexico or the Caribbean. They may go to Europe for culture, for example, to see art, plays, and places of historic历史上著名（或重要）的interest.

In Britain, many people like to go to the seaside for holidays. There are places near the sea, such as Backpool, Scarborough斯卡波罗and Bournemouth伯恩茅斯,

where there is plenty充裕, 大量, 富庶to do even when it rains. People also like to go to the country, especially to walk, in places like Scotland, Wales and the Lake湖泊District. When the British go abroad they usually want to go somewhere warm. Spain and the Spanish islands of Majorea and Ibiza伊比沙岛are popular as are other places in southern Europe. For skiing, people often go to the Alps阿尔卑斯山.

1. How long a paid vacation can Americans enjoy every year?

2. How many days are there about public holidays for Europeans in a year? weeks.

3. Where do Americans usually go for fun in the sun?

4. Where do Americans usually spend their holidays for culture?

5. British people usually go to Spain for holidays. What for?

l. ( ) Many of the public holidays are on Friday in Britain.

2. ( ) Americans like to have outdoor activities during their vacations.

3. ( ) Some American children do some special activities in the summer camps during their vacations.

4. ( ) When British people go abroad, they usually go for culture.

5. ( ) For the British, the Alps is a skiing resort度假胜地, 旅游胜地.

Passage II:

Every country in the world celebrates New Year but not everyone does it on the same day. The countries of North and South America and Europe welcome the New Year on January 1. This practice began with the Romans. Julius Caesar, a Roman ruler, changed the date of the New Year from the first day of March to the first day of January. In the Middle East, New Year is on the day when spring begins. People in China celebrate it on the Spring Festival, which is the first day of their lunar [?lju:n?] 月的, 月球的;按阴历的calendar[?k?lind?] 日历, 月历. The Spring Festival usually comes between January 21 and February 19. Rosh Hashana犹太新年, which is the Jewish New Year, comes at the end of summer.

In all of these cultures, there is a tradition of making noise. People made noise in ancient times to drive away the evil邪恶的, 坏的，恶毒的spirits神灵, 幽灵from home. Many people do it with fire-works. In Japan, people go from house to house making noise with drums 鼓, 鼓状物and bamboo竹, 竹竿sticks棍, 棒. Young people in Denmark丹麦throw broken pieces of jars罐子, 广口瓶or pots against the sides of friends' houses.

In the United States, many people stay up until midnight on New Year's Eve前日, 前夕to watch the clock pass from one year to the next. Friends often gather together at a party on New Year's Eve, and when the New Year comes, all ring环状物, 圆圈bells钟, 铃, 电铃, blow吹horns[h?:n]号, 号角, blow whistle哨子, 汽笛songs, and kiss each other.

In many European countries, families start the new year by first attending church services, which is followed by paying calls on friends and relatives. Italian boys and girls receive gifts of money on New Year's Day.

New Year's Day is more joyful快乐的, 高兴的than Christmas圣诞节in France and Scotland. In these countries Christmas is a religious holiday only, while the New Year is the time for gifts-giving, parties, and visits.

1. Who changed the date of the New Year from March 1 to January 17

2. When does the Jewish New Year begin?

3. Why did people make noise in ancient times when they celebrated the New Year?

4. According to the speaker, how do the children in Denmark celebrate the New Year?

5. In which country do children receive gifts of money on New Year's Day?

1. ( ) People in the Middle East welcome the New Year on January 1.

2. ( )The Spring Festival usually comes between January 21 and February 19.

3. ( ) On New Year's Day, many people make noise with fireworks.

4. ( ) In all European countries, families start the new year by paying calls on friends and relatives.

5. ( ) Christmas is the most joyful and important festival of the year in France. Passage 3:

Hundreds of years ago in England, many children dressed up as adults on Valentine's Day and they went singing from home to home. In Wales, wooden love spoons were carved and given as gifts on February 14th. Hearts, keys and keyholes were favorite decorations on the spoons. The decoration meant, "You unlock my heart!" In the Middle Ages, young men and women drew names from a bowl to see who their valentines would be. They would wear these names on their sleeves for one week. To wear your heart on your sleeve now means that it is easy for other people to know how you are feeling. In some countries, a young woman may receive a gift of clothing from a young man. If she keeps the gift, it means she will marry him. Some

people used to believe that if a woman saw a robin flying overhead on Valentine's Day, it meant she would marry a sailor. If she saw a sparrow, she would marry a poor man and be very happy. If she saw a goldfinch, she would marry a millionaire.

A love seat is a wide chair. It was first made to seat one woman and her wide dress. Later, the love seat or courting seat had two sections, often in an S-shape. In this way, a couple could sit together -- but not too closely! Think of five or six names of boys or girls you might marry. As you twist the stem of an apple, recite the names until the stem comes off. You will marry the person whose name you were saying when the stem fell off. Pick a dandelion that has gone to seed. Take a deep breath and blow the seeds into the wind. Count the seeds that remain on the stem. That is the number of children you will have. If you cut an apple in half and count how many seeds are inside, you will also know how many children you will have.

1. According to the passage, who would dress up on Valentine's Day hundreds of years ago in England?

2. What are NOT mentioned as the favorite decorations on the carved spoons?

3. According to the passage, what kind of person would a woman marry if she saw

4. Why was a love seat made?

5. According to the passage, when a woman twists the stem of an apple, what does the woman want to see?

1.(T) To wear your heart on your sleeve means that it's easy for other people to know how you are feeling.

2. (T) If a woman keeps the gift of clothing from a young man, it means that she will marry him.

3. (F) A love seat was made in an S-shape for a couple to sit on comfortably.

4. (F) Nowadays, we think that if a woman sees a sparrow flying overhead on Valentine's Day, she will marry a poor man and be very happy.

5. ( T ) According to the passage, you can guess how many children you will have with the help of an apple or a dandelion.

PART C

1) 1947 2) Yale Law School 3) a brave face 4) family life 5) stood by 6) on her husband's behalf 7) highlight 8) the White House9) relationship 10) her marriage 11)all Americans 12) the First Lady 13) 1996 14) law firm15) public stage

16)everybody 17) the same thing 18) in private 19) public responsibilities 20) a true home

Lesson three

1. W: The report says all departments are making a profit except the Asian department.

M: Well, Mr. Smith seems to be the wrong person to head that department. One more step wrong and he will be removed from that office.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

2. W: During the last thunderstorm, I noticed several leaks in my bedroom ceiling and they really caused a mess.

M: Maybe you have some broken tiles. I have the phone number of a good roofing company that could do a good repair job for you at a reasonable price.

Q: What can we conclude from this conversation?

3. W: How did you do on the math exam, John?

M: I barely made it. It was just a passing score but better than I had expected.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

4. M: I wonder what makes Mother so upset these days?

W: Father is canceling his vacation trip. He promised to take her abroad last year, but the company is again asking father to postpone his vacation.

Q: Why is their mother unhappy?

5. W: Friday's speaker is supposed to be wonderful. Are you going to attend the seminar that day?

M: Yes, but I haven't been able to get a ticket yet. Since the lecture is open to the public, I imagine the tickets may have already been sold out.

Q: Why is the man afraid he won't be able to attend the seminar?

6. M: Could you lend me your biology notes?

W: Do you think you'll be able to make out my handwriting?

Q: What does the woman imply about the notes?

7. W: Did you pick up my books from Ron's house?

M: Sorry. It slipped my mind.

Q: What does the man mean?

8. W: Would you like to go to the movies with us tonight?

M: To the movies? Tonight is the biggest concert of the year.

Q: What does the man mean?

9. M: Just one person in the whole class got an A on the test! YOU!

W: ALL RIGHT!!!

Q: What does the woman mean?

10. W: We are having a party at our house on the weekend of the 30th. Would you like to join us?

M: That sounds like a lot of fun. But I'll need to check my calendar first.

Q: What does the man imply?

11. M: I've been running a mile every afternoon for the past month. But I still haven't been able to lose more than a pound or two. I wonder if it's worth it.

W: Oh, don't give up now. It always seems hard when you are just starting out. Q: What does the woman mean?

12. M: I'm going to the vegetable stand today. Can I pick up anything for you?

W: No, thanks. I just came back from the market myself.

Q: What does the woman mean?

13. M: I don't understand why I received such a low grade on my term paper.

W: You should make an appointment with the professor to discuss it.

Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?

14. M: The sound of all that traffic is driving me out of my mind.

W: It is had. But the highway will reopen tomorrow, then we won't have all those cars passing by any more.

Q: What does the woman imply?

15. W: I invited your mother to lunch yesterday. But she said she didn't have any free time.

M: Yeah. She just got a new job.

Q: What does the man mean?

Passage I:

Established on January 1, 1995, World Trade Organization is the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). It exists to promote a free-market international trade system. The WTO promotes trade by:

1. reducing tariffs;

2. prohibiting import or export bans or quotas;

3. eliminating discrimination against foreign products and services;

4. eliminating other impediments to trade, commonly called "non-tariff trade barriers''.

With China's successful entry into WTO in Nov 2001, it currently has 135 member countries, accounting for over 90% of world trade. Over 30 others are negotiating membership. The WTO's top-level decision-making body is the ministerial conference which meets at least once every two years. Over three-quarters of WTO members are developing countries. Special provisions for these members are included in the WTO's agreements. GATT is now the WTO's principal rule-book.

Decisions are made by the entire membership by consensus or majority vote. The WTO's agreements have been ratified in all members' parliaments. If a trade barrier is found to be unfair, the WTO can authorize the imposition of trade sanctions to force a change in that country's law. The WTO exempts trade barriers which are designed to conserve natural resources or protect health.

Critics say the WTO credits agreements are skewed in favor of rich countries. The west may preach trade liberalization, but it has used negotiations to prize third world market while keeping its own barriers intact.

1.When was the World Trade Organization established?

2. What is the aim of establishing the WTO?

3. According to the passage, how many member countries does the WTO currently have?

4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

5. What does the WTO do if a trade barrier is found to be unfair in a certain country?

1.GATT,

2.over 90%,

3.the ministerial conference,

4.conserve natural resources, protect health,

5.in favor of rich countries.

Passage II

World financial circles affirm that this year has witnessed the most forceful economic growth over the past 13 years. The growth rate is expected to reach 4.7 percent, much higher than the 2.5 percent in 1998 and the 3.3 percent in 1999. The average economic growth rate of developed countries may reach 4.2 percent this year. The US economy continues to lead the tide of the world economic growth, with its economic growth rate getting close to 5.2 percent. The European economic situation is also better than that in previous years, and the average growth rate of the 11 countries in the Euro zone is to reach 3.5 percent. The Japanese economy has freed itself from a slump, and its growth rate this year may reach 1.9 percent, higher than the average growth rate in the past 10 years.

The average economic growth rate of the developing countries this year can reach 5.6 percent. The economic development in the Asian developing regions has attracted people's attention. Their growth rate this year may reach 7.1 percent. The Russian economy has had an unexpected, strong recovery from the 1998 crisis, with the growth rate possibly reaching 6 percent.

Among the many factors that have boosted world economic growth, the growing information technological industry is playing an increasingly outstanding role. The information technological industry is becoming a leading industry in the national economy and a new economic growth point. According to experts' estimate, file current contribution rate of the information technological industry to the world economic growth is 18.2 percent. Its ratio in the growth of the US economy is even higher, standing at one-third. The information technological industry is currently the world, economic sector experiencing rapid development and is creating ever-more wealth, The integration of the traditional economy and the web economy has become the present development trend of the world economy.

1.They affirm that the year 2000 has witnessed the most forceful economic growth over the past 13 years.

2.The Russian economy.

3.18.2%.

4.The information technological industry.

5.The present development trend of the world economy is the integration of the traditional economy and the web economy.

1) 4.2%, 2) 5.2%, 3) 3.5%, 4) 1.9%, 5) 5.6%, 6) 7.1%, 7) 6%

Passage III:

President Jiang Zemin said on November 16, 2000 that in the development of a "New Economy", it is essential to take advantage of the latest developments in science and technology. He made this address at the eighth informal meeting of leaders of the APEC forum. He explained that the "New Economy" refers to the kind of economy initiated and sustained by new technologies and hi-tech industries. The advancement of technology, led by IT and biotechnology industries, is giving rise to a new industrial revolution, Jiang said.

Developing countries are faced with the difficult task of both transforming their traditional industries and developing new industries, Jiang noted, adding that continued expansion of the 'digital divide" has widened the wealth gap between North and South and may trigger new imbalances in the world economy.

"Against the background of accelerated economic globalization and the dynamic progress of science and technology, we must facilitate cooperation between developed and developing countries on exchanges of human resources, technology and infrastructure, and we must help countries develop independently to narrow the North-South gap.

"Today, the development, application and impact of science and technology far transcends national boundaries. For example, every major breakthrough made in the human genome project is a crystallization of cooperation between scientists from a number of countries. Only when applied in a global context can the achievements of science and technology benefit people", Jiang said. He also noted that economic globalization should stress the popularization of scientific and technological knowledge.

The protection of intellectual property rights should be guided by market rules in such away that the rules will be helpful to the spread of scientific and technological knowledge, so that all countries may benefit, he added.

1.On November 16, 2000.

2.It is essential to take advantage of the latest developments in science and technology.

3.It refers to the kind of economy initiated and sustained by new technologies and

hi-tech industries.

4.They are faced with the task of both transforming their traditional industries and developing new industries.

5.It should stress the popularization of scientific and technological knowledge.

1.the eighth informal meeting of leaders

2.bio-technology industries, a new industrial revolution

3.has widened the wealth gap, North and South, new imbalances in the world economy

4.developed and developing countries, human resources, technology

5.intellectual property rights, the spread of scientific and technological knowledge, all countries may benefit.

PART C

1) opportunity, 2) distinguished guests, 3) his family, 4) Washington, 5) campaign, 6) the very best, 7) differences, 8) involvement, 9) first lady, 10) vice president, 11) cooperation, 12)politics, 13) values, 14) Democrats, 15) unity, 16) foundation, 17) details, 18) consensus, 19) common ground, 20) one nation

LESSON FOUR

Education

PART A

1. W: I am amazed使大为吃惊, 使惊奇you are still driving that old car of yours. I thought you would have gotten rid of it years ago.

M: It runs well. And I've actually grown quite (attached to) (使)贴〔系, 粘〕在…上it.

Q: What does the man mean?

2. W: Tom has tried so hard to win a race since he first joined the track team. But it's two years later, and he still hasn't.

M: I know. And it takes so much time from his class work. Maybe he should just forget about sports for now.

Q: What does the man mean?

3. M: Don't you just love the hot mid-day sun?

W: I sure do, Unfortunately, it doesn't like my skin.

Q: What does the woman mean?

4. W: I'm not going swimming in the lake unless it warms up outside today.

M: Me, either. Unfortunately, I think it is supposed to stay this cold all day.

Q: What can be inferred about the speakers?

5. M: That sweater毛衣，线衣is so unusual, and yet it looks familiar. Did I just see you wearing that yesterday?

W: Well, not me. But it belongs to my roommate, Jane, and she is in your physics class.

Q: What does the woman imply?

6. M: You know my car hasn't been the same since I had bumped撞倒; 冲撞into that telephone toll.

W: You'd better have that looked into before you drive to Florida.

Q: What does the woman mean?

7. M: I notice that you don't buy your lunch in the cafeteria [?k?fi?ti?ri?]自助餐厅或食堂any more.

W: When prices went up I decided to bring my own.

Q: Why doesn't the woman buy food in the cafeteria?

8. M: If I don't find my wallet钱夹, 皮夹pretty漂亮的, 可爱的, 精致的soon, I'm going to have to report it stolen.

W: Hold on. Before you call campus (大学)校园security保卫部门；保安部门office, have you checked your car or your jacket pocket, everywhere?

Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?

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