大学英语第三册UNIT3全文翻译对照

The land of the lock

1. Years ago in American, it was customary for families to leave their doors unlocked, day and night. In this essay, Greene regrets that people can no longer trust each other and have to resort to elaborate security system to protect themselves and their the author is writing his opinion, he uses many examples to reinforce his ideas and to prove his thesis. 几年前在美国，许多美国家庭的门通常都是日夜不上锁的。在本文中，格林遗憾地指出人们已经不再彼此信任，不得不求助于各种复杂的安全设备来保护自身及其贵重物品。作者在提出自己观点的同时，举出了大量的事例来证实和强调自己的观点；

2. In the house where i grow up, it was our custom to leave the front door on the latch at night. I don't know if that was a local term or if is universal;"on the latch"meant the door was closed but not locked . None of us carried keys the last one in for the evening would close up,and that was it. 在我长大成人的家里，我们的习惯是晚上把前门闩上。我不知道这是个地区用语还是普遍的说法；“闩着门”的意思是关着门但却不上锁。我们都不带钥匙；晚上最后进来的人会把门关上，如此而巳。

3 .Those days are over. In rural areas as well as in cities, doors do not stay unlocked,even for part of an evening.

那样的日子已经一去不复返了。现在不管是城市还是乡村，门不再是不上锁了，甚至天一黑门就要上锁。

4 .Suburbs and country areas are, in many ways, even more vulnerable thanwell-patrolled urban streets. Statistic show the crime rate rising more dramatically in those allegedly tranquil areas than in cities. At

any rate, the era of leaving the front door on the latch is over.

郊区及乡村地区在很多方面比巡视得很严密的城市街道还要容易出事。统计数字表明在那些据称是平静的地区，犯罪率的上升较之城市还要显著。不管怎么说，晚上闩着前门的日子已经结束了。

5. It has been replaced by locks , security chains, electronic alarm system and trip wires hooked up to a police station or private guard firm. Many suburban families have sliding glass doors on their patios,with steel bars elegantly built in so no one can pry the doors open.

门闩已经被锁，安全链、电子报警系统以及与警局或私人保镖公司相连的报警线所取代，许多郊区家庭在庭院里都装有滑动的玻璃门，很别致地装有暗藏的钢闩，这样就没人能橇开门了。

6. It is not uncommon, in the most pleasant of homes, to see pasted on the windows decals announcing that the premises are under surveillance by this security force or that guard company.

这很正常，在很多漂亮的家里，经常能见到窗户上张贴着图案显示本宅受某保安部队

或某保镖公司的监护。

7. The lock is a new symbol of American. Indeed ,a recent public-service advertisement by a large insurance company featured not actuarial charts but a picture of a child's bicycle with the now-usual padlock attached to it.

锁是美国的新的象征。确实．最新的一家保险公司的公益广告显示的不是数据表格而是一幅画，画面上有一辆儿童自行车，其上挂着—把现在常见的挂锁。

8 The ad pointed out that,yes,it is the insurance companies that pay for

stolen goods, but who is going to pay for what the new atmosphere of distrust and fear is doing to our way of lifewho is going to make the psychic payment for the transformation of American from the land of the free to the land of the lock

诚然，广告显示的是保险公司会为你失窃的东西负责，但是又有谁会补偿这种不信任和恐惧的气氛给我们生活方式带来的改变呢，谁来补偿美国由自由大陆转变为上锁的大陆所造成的心理损失呢

9 For that is what has have bcome so used to defending ourselves against the new atmosphere of America life,so used to putting up barriers,that we have not had time to think about what it may mean.

情况就是这样。我们已经非常习惯于保护自己不受美国生活新气氛的影响，习惯于围起屏障，却没有时间去考虑这一切意味着什么。

10 For some reason we are statisfied when we think we are well protected; it does not occur to us to ask ourselves: Why has this happened Why are we having to barricade ourslves against our neighbors and fellow citizens,and when,exactly,did this start to take over our lives 出干某种原因，当我们受到良好的保护时，我们自会心满意足；却从没想过问问自己：为什么会这样，为什么一定要在我们自己与邻居和同胞之间设立屏障呢，而且，我们的生活受制于这一现象，究竟是从何时开始的呢

11 And it has taken you work for a medium-to large-size company, chances are that you don’t just wander in and out of probably carry some kind of acccess card, electronic or otherwise,that allows in and out of your place of the front guard of the desk knows your face and will wave you in most days,but the fact remains that the business you work for feels threatened enough to keep outsiders away via these“keys”.

的确这一现象已经控制了我们的生活。如果你在—家大中型公司工作，你很有可能不能随便出入公司。你可能要携带某种电子或非电子的出入卡，才能进出工作单位。也许前台的保安认识你，平时挥挥手就让你进去了，但是事实仍然是你所供职的单位觉得受到了威胁，要通过这样一些“钥匙”挡住外来者。

12 It wasn’t always like a decade ago,most private businesses had a policy of free simply didn’t occur to managers that the proper thing to do was to distrust people.

在过去是不曾这样的。就在10年前，大多数私人企业都是允许自由出入的。经理们从没想过怀疑别人是正常行为。

13 Look at the airports. Parents used to take children out to to departure gates to watch planes land and take off. That’s all gone. Airports are no longer a place of aducation and fun; they are the most sophisticated of security sites.

看看机场吧。过去父母经常带着孩子们到出站口去看飞机降落和起飞。这样的日子已经一去不复返了。机场不再是教育和娱乐的地方，而是高精尖的安全营地。

14 With electronic X-ray equipment,we seem finally to have figure out

a way to hold the terrorists,real and imagined,at bay;it was such a relief to slove this problem that we did not think much about what a state of affairs about the quality of our now pass through these electronic friskers without so much as a sideway glance; the machines and what they stand for have won.

通过x光设备，我们似乎最终找到了遏制真实的和想象中的恐怖分子的办法；解决这样的问题使我们松了一口气，以至于我们不去考虑这种情况对我们的生活质量意味着什么。我们现在无需侧目而视地通过电子检测仪；机器以及他们

所代表的东西取得了胜利。

15 Businessmen, in increasing numbers, are purchasing new machines that hook up to the telephone and analyze a caller’s machines are supposed to tell the businessman,with a small margin of error,whether his friend or client is telling lies.

越来越多的商人都在购买一种新型机器，它与电话机连在一起就能分析出打电话者的声音。人们认为这种设备能在很小的误差范围内，判断出他的朋友或客户是否在撒谎.

16 All this in being done in the name of“security”;that ia what we tell are fearful ,and so we devise ways to lock the fear out,and that, we decide,is what security means.

所有这一切都是以“安全”的名义进行的；我们对自己就是这么告诫的。我们恐惧，因此我们想出办法把恐惧锁在外面，我们认为，这样就安全。

17 But no;with all this“security”,we are the most insecure nation in the history of civilized man. What better words to describe the way in which we have been forced to live What sadder reflection on that we have become in this new and puzzling time

恰恰相反。尽管有了所有这种“安全”，我们也许是人类文明史上最不安全的国度。有什么更好的词来形容强加于我们的这种生活方式呢，如何才能更好地谴责我们在这新潮而又令人迷惘的时代中的遭遇呢

18 We trust no housewivs wear rape whistles on their station wagon key have become so smart about self-protection that,in the end,we have all outsmarted may have locked the evils out,but in so doing we have locked ourselves in.

我们不相信任何人。我们已经如此精于自我保护，以至于最终聪明反被聪明误。我

们也许把邪恶锁在了外面，但与此同时，我们也把自己锁在了里面。

19. That may be legacy we remember best when we book back on this age: in dealing with the unseen horrors among us, we become prisoners of ourselves. All of us prisoners ,in this time of our troubles.

回首这一时代，留给我们最清楚的记忆就是：在对付我们人与人之间的无形恐怖时，我们成了自己的囚徒。我们所有的人，都成了这个多事之秋的囚徒。

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牛群哞叫。我们守着看鹰儿飞过上空，看玉米田间鹿群嬉跃。 但如此美妙的生活有时会变得相当艰苦。就在三个月前，气温降到华氏零下30度，我们辛苦劳作了整整两天，用一个雪橇沿着河边拖运木柴。再过三个月，气温会升到95度，我们就要给玉米松土，在草莓地除草，还要宰杀家禽。前一阵子我和桑迪不得不翻修后屋顶。过些时候，四个孩子中的两个小的，16岁的吉米和13岁的埃米莉，会帮着我一起把拖了很久没修的室外厕所修葺一下，那是专为室外干活修建的。这个月晚些时候，我们要给果树喷洒药水，要油漆谷仓，要给菜园播种，要赶在新的小鸡运到之前清扫鸡舍。 在这些活计之间，我每周要抽空花五、六十个小时，不是打字撰文，就是为作为自由撰稿人投给报刊的文章进行采访。桑迪则有她自己繁忙的工作日程。除了日常的家务，她还照管菜园和蜂房，烘烤面包，将食品装罐、冷藏，开车送孩子学音乐，和他们一起练习，自己还要上风琴课，为我做些研究工作并打字，自己有时也写写文章，还要侍弄花圃、堆摞木柴、运送鸡蛋。正如老话说的那样，在这种情形之下，坏人不得闲——贤德之人也歇不了。 我们谁也不会忘记第一年的冬天。从12月一直到3月底，我们都被深达5英尺的积雪困着。暴风雪肆虐，一场接着一场，积雪厚厚地覆盖着屋子和谷仓，而室内，我们用自己砍伐的木柴烧火取暖，吃着自家种植的苹果，温馨快乐每一分钟。 开春后，有过两次泛滥。一次是河水外溢，我们不少田地被淹了几个星期。接着一次是生长季节到了，一波又一波的农产品潮涌而来，弄得我们应接不暇。我们的冰箱里塞满了樱桃、蓝莓、草莓、芦笋、豌豆、青豆和玉米。接着我们存放食品罐的架子上、柜橱里也开始堆满一罐罐的腌渍食品，有番茄汁、葡萄汁、李子、果酱和果冻。最后，地窖里遍地是大堆大堆的土豆、葫芦、南瓜，谷仓里也储满了苹果和梨。真是太美妙了。 第二年我们种了更多的作物，差不多就靠着从自家树林砍伐的木柴以及仅仅100加仑的燃油过了冬。其时，我开始认真考虑起辞了职去从事自由撰稿的事来。时机选得实在太差。当时，两个大的女儿肖恩和埃米正在费用很高的常青藤学校上学，而我们只有几千美金的银行存款。但我们一再回到一个老问题上来：真的会有更好的时机吗?答案无疑是否定的。于是，带着老板的祝福，口袋里揣着作为累积津贴的半年薪水，我走了。

翻译中的归化与异化

“异化”与“归化”之间的关系并评述 1、什么是归化与异化 归化”与“异化”是翻译中常面临的两种选择。钱锺书相应地称这两种情形叫“汉化”与“欧化”。A．归化 所谓“归化”（domestication 或target-language-orientedness），是指在翻译过程中尽可能用本民族的方式去表现外来的作品；归化翻译法旨在尽量减少译文中的异国情调，为目的语读者提供一种自然流畅的译文。Venuti 认为，归化法源于这一著名翻译论说，“尽量不干扰读者，请作者向读者靠近” 归化翻译法通常包含以下几个步骤：（1）谨慎地选择适合于归化翻译的文本；（2）有意识地采取一种自然流畅的目的语文体；（3）把译文调整成目的语篇体裁；（4）插入解释性资料；（5）删去原文中的实观材料；（6）调协译文和原文中的观念与特征。 B．“异化”（foreignization或source-language-orientedness）则相反，认为既然是翻译，就得译出外国的味儿。异化是根据既定的语法规则按字面意思将和源语文化紧密相连的短语或句子译成目标语。例如，将“九牛二虎之力”译为“the strength of nine bulls and two tigers”。异化能够很好地保留和传递原文的文化内涵，使译文具有异国情调，有利于各国文化的交流。但对于不熟悉源语及其文化的读者来说，存在一定的理解困难。随着各国文化交流愈来愈紧密，原先对于目标语读者很陌生的词句也会变得越来越普遍，即异化的程度会逐步降低。 Rome was not built in a day. 归化:冰冻三尺,非一日之寒. 异化:罗马不是一天建成的. 冰冻三尺,非一日之寒 异化:Rome was not built in a day. 归化:the thick ice is not formed in a day. 2、归化异化与直译意译 归化和异化，一个要求“接近读者”，一个要求“接近作者”，具有较强的界定性；相比之下，直译和意译则比较偏重“形式”上的自由与不自由。有的文中把归化等同于意译，异化等同于直译，这样做其实不够科学。归化和异化其实是在忠实地传达原作“说了什么”的基础之上，对是否尽可能展示原作是“怎么说”，是否最大限度地再现原作在语言文化上的特有风味上采取的不同态度。两对术语相比，归化和异化更多地是有关文化的问题，即是否要保持原作洋味的问题。 3、不同层面上的归化与异化 1、句式 翻译中“归化”表现在把原文的句式（syntactical structure）按照中文的习惯句式译出。

大学英语第三册UNIT3全文翻译对照

The land of the lock 1. Years ago in American, it was customary for families to leave their doors unlocked, day and night. In this essay, Greene regrets that people can no longer trust each other and have to resort to elaborate security system to protect themselves and their the author is writing his opinion, he uses many examples to reinforce his ideas and to prove his thesis. 几年前在美国，许多美国家庭的门通常都是日夜不上锁的。在本文中，格林遗憾地指出人们已经不再彼此信任，不得不求助于各种复杂的安全设备来保护自身及其贵重物品。作者在提出自己观点的同时，举出了大量的事例来证实和强调自己的观点； 2. In the house where i grow up, it was our custom to leave the front door on the latch at night. I don't know if that was a local term or if is universal;"on the latch"meant the door was closed but not locked . None of us carried keys the last one in for the evening would close up,and that was it. 在我长大成人的家里，我们的习惯是晚上把前门闩上。我不知道这是个地区用语还是普遍的说法；“闩着门”的意思是关着门但却不上锁。我们都不带钥匙；晚上最后进来的人会把门关上，如此而巳。 3 .Those days are over. In rural areas as well as in cities, doors do not stay unlocked,even for part of an evening. 那样的日子已经一去不复返了。现在不管是城市还是乡村，门不再是不上锁了，甚至天一黑门就要上锁。 4 .Suburbs and country areas are, in many ways, even more vulnerable thanwell-patrolled urban streets. Statistic show the crime rate rising more dramatically in those allegedly tranquil areas than in cities. At