(英语)高考英语代词专项训练及答案及解析

（英语）高考英语代词专项训练及答案及解析

一、单项选择代词

1．—Who’s that at the door?

— is the milkman.

A．He B．It C．This D．That

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考查代词的用法。句意：——谁在门外？——是送牛奶的。因为不知道门外的是什么人。故用it指代不清楚的人。故选B。

【知识拓展】it 的用法

it 词小本事大，人称代词包括它；不明身份和性别，模糊指代就用它；距离日期和时间，天气环境全靠它；形宾形主惯用法，强调句型它当家。

1)指代姓别不明的人

Look at the baby.Isn’t it lovely?

2)指天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境等。

It’s twenty miles to the zoo.

3)作形式主语或形式宾语代替不定式、动名词、名词性从句。

It’s of great help to learn English well.

I find it quite necessary to make some changes.

4)特殊的形式宾语it。enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后接if 从句或when 从句，通常应先在动词后接it 作形式宾语。如：

I will appreciate it if you can give me a hand.

5)用于强调句中：It is／was…that／who。

It’s from the sun that we get light and heat.

考点：考查代词的用法。

2．—I wonder how often you will clean up your room by yourself.

—________ other day.

A．In B．Every C．For D．Each

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词和介词词义辨析。句意：——我想知道你多久打扫一次自个的房间？——每隔一天。A. In在某一点，在…之内；B. Every每一，每个，每一次；C. For关于，给，代表；D. Each（两个或两个以上的人或物中）每个。every，每隔…，every other day每隔一天。故选B。

【点睛】

“每隔”的表达方法：

1.“every+基数词（大于或等于2）+复数名词”意思是“每…”。例如：

We hand in our homework every three days.我们每三天/每隔两天交一次作业。

2.“every+序数词（大于或等于2）+单数名词”意思是“每…”。例如：

The Olympic Games are held every fourth year.奥林匹克运动会每四年/每隔三年举办一次。

3.“every other+基数词（大于或等于2）+复数名词”意思是“每隔…”。例如：

I had to sit down and rest every other four minutes.我每隔4分钟就得坐下休息。

4.“every other +零基数词（等于1）+单数名词”意思是“每隔…”。例如：

Take this medicine every other day.这药每两天/每隔一天服一次。

5.“every few+复数名词”意思是“每隔几…”。例如：

He came to see me every few days.他每隔几天来看我一次。

3．If I have ever feared death before, it was ______ compared to how I felt as the roller coaster that moved faster and faster.

A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything

【答案】C

【解析】

考查代词。A. anything任何事；B. something某事；C. nothing无事；D. everything每件事，一切。句意：如果我以前曾经害怕过死亡，那没有什么能与我的感觉相比，我感觉就像过山车一样，移动得越来越快。此处指没有什么能比，故选C.

4．In my eyes ,Miss Green is a strict but kind teacher, everyone will show respect and love to.

A. it

B. which

C. one

D. those

【答案】C

【解析】考查代词：句意：在我看来，格林小姐是个严格的但是善良的老师，一个每个人都尊敬的爱戴的老师。这里用one代指a teacher，做同位语，it指代物，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰物，those指代可数名词复数。选C。

5．Of those who are married,in more than 80 percent of cases,the wives' education background is equal or higher than of their husbands.

A．it B．one C．that D．the one

【答案】C

【解析】

考查代词。句意：在已婚者中，80%以上的妻子受教育程度等于或高于丈夫。此处是代词that代替“education background”，that代指同类但不是同一个的事物，即同类异物。it是替代前面提到的同一事物。one是泛指，代替单数可数名词；the one是替代与前面提到的事

物同一类的事物，代替单数可数名词，education background 是抽象名词，不能用the one 替代。故选C。

6．If the product is significantly different from ________ described in the ad, you have every right to complain to the local authority.

A．one B．ones

C．that D．those

【答案】C

【解析】考察指示代词用法。当上文的名词被第二次提到，通常用指示代词that（代指单数名词和不可数名词）或those（代指复数名词）来替代，本句中，用that代指前面提到的the product，为特指，故选C。

7．The Belt and Road Initiative is viewed by many as a history-making project, applauded by the Chinese and those along the route as well.

A．one B．one that

C．the one D．the one that

【答案】A

【解析】考查代词one的用法。one做a history-making project的同位语，是泛指一个创造历史的项目，故不用加the，排除C项，其后接过去分词短语作定语，而不是定语从句，因此B、D项错误。句意：一带一路的倡议被许多人看作是历史性的项目，受到不仅中国而且还有那些沿路国家的交口称赞。

8．— How much salt did you put in the soup?

一 Oh, sorry! . I forgot.

A．Little B．Nothing

C．None D．Few

【答案】C

【解析】

考查不定代词。A. Little少许；B. Nothing无事，无物；C. None没有任何东西；D. Few很少。上句：你在汤里放了多少盐？下句：我忘了放盐。也就是一点也没有，故选C。

9．Miss Green thought __________ a great honor to be invited to speak to all of us.

A．that B．this C．it D．her

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：考查形式宾语用法。it 是形式宾语，后面的to be invited to speak to all of us是真正的宾语，great honor是宾补。句意：格林小姐认为被邀请为我们所有人演讲是一件很光荣的事情。故选C。

考点：考查it用法。

10．I got them a grand piano because they like when I come home and play for them．A．one B．it

C．this D．that

【答案】B

【解析】考查it的用法。我给他们买来一架大钢琴，因为他们喜欢我回家的时候为他们演奏。此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面when引导的宾语从句。故选B。

【名师点睛】

英语中有些动词像like/dislike/hate/appreciate等后面的宾语从句通常用it做形式宾语，再跟when/if等引导的宾语从句。I hate it when talk with their mouth full of food.本题就是考查it的这种用法。我给他们买来一架大钢琴，因为他们喜欢我回家的时候为他们演奏。此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面when引导的宾语从句。故选B。

11．Everyone may depend on ______ won’t happen again with these reassuring measures. A．it that it B．that it C．that D．it

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：每个人都可以相信，有了这些可靠的措施这种事不会再发生了。句中第一个it是形式宾语，that引导宾语从句后面是真正的宾语。故选A.

考点：考查宾语从句。

12．–– Which of the two drivers is to blame for the accident? ––______. It’s the cyclist’s fault. A．Both B．All C．None D．Neither

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：—两个司机中谁对这次事故负责? –都不是。这是骑自行车人的错。A. Both两个都； B. All三者以上都；C. None三者以上都不；D. Neither两者都不，故选D。考点：考查代词。

13．----Which of these resorts do you like best?

----______. They are both hot and crowded.

A．Either B．Nothing C．Neither D．None

【答案】D

【解析】

考查情景交际和不定代词。“这些旅游胜地你最喜欢哪个？”“一个也不喜欢。他们既炎热又拥挤。”答语中的both ...and修饰的是hot和crowded，不要误以为是两者。根据问句中的these可知，是三者以上，排除A、C；nothing“什么也没有”；none“一个也没有”。故选D。

14．The enemy troop could hardly make any advance, and ________ could they fall back. A．neither B．so C．either D．both

【答案】A

【解析】

本题考查代词。根据could they fall back用倒装结构和句意，故用否定词neither，故选A

15．Do you consider _____ any good doing many scientific experiments?

A．there B．this C．it D．one

【答案】C

【解析】

it是形式宾语，代替doing；good是形容词，因此选C

16．The manager was very angry, for he had sent his business partner two thousand machines yesterday, half of _________ unqualified.

A．them B．what C．which D．whom

【答案】A

【解析】

本题考查独立主格结构。句意：经理很生气，因为昨天他给他的生意伙伴寄去了2000台机器，其中一半不合格。题中的unqualified为形容词。此题容易误选C。C项前缺少谓语动词。

17．He is a strict but kind teacher, is always trying to make his classes and interesting. A．one ; living B．one who; lively C．he ; lovely D．he who; live

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词，形容词和定语从句。句意：他是严格但善良的人，一个总是让课堂生动有趣的人。A. living活着的; B. lively生动的; C. lovely可爱的; D. live现场直播的。一空填one代替a teacher，且为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为who。第二空填lively“生动的”，符合句意。故选B。

18．You may rely on __________ that Jennifer will come and help us if we are in trouble.

A．it B．that C．which D．this

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查形式宾语it的用法。句意：如果我们有困难，你可以相信詹妮弗会来帮助我们。it做形式宾语时，常用于“动词 + prep + it + that-从句”结构，此处用it作rely on的形式宾语，真正宾语为其后的宾语从句。故选A。

【点睛】

能用于“动词 + prep + it + that从句”结构的动词，常见的还有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。

19．Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit; without _______ we cannot flower and grow. A．them B．it C．that D．which

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意：赞美就像人类精神的阳光；没有它，我们就不能开花和生长。分析句子可知，without后接宾语praise，用it代替。故选B项。

20．Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is ________.

A．another B．the other

C．one another D．one

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词用法。句意：回收是保护环境的一种方式，重复使用是另一种方式。another的意思是“另一个，又一个”，非特指；the other 的意思是“两者中的另一个”是特指；one another的意思是“互相”；one的意思是“一个”，非特指。此处不是特指，指的是很多种中的另一种，故选A。

21．Life comes in a package,_____includes happiness and sorrow, failure and success, and despair.

A．One B．what C．one that D．that

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词和定语从句。句意：生活是一个包裹，其中包括快乐和悲伤，失败和成功，以及绝望。分析句子可知，此处先用one 代指a package，includes happiness and sorrow, failure and success, and despair.是修饰one的定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词是不定代词，故用关系代词that，故选C项。

【点睛】

本题考查定语从句关系代词。确定定语关系词一般分为三步：找出先行词；确定先行词在从句中充当什么成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：

1. 找出先行词：one（指物）

2. 确定先行词在从句中充当什么成分：先行词one在从句includes happiness and sorrow 中充当主语，故用关系代词which/that

3. 考虑特殊情况：one是不定代词，关系代词用that

故用that

22．I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full.

A．it B．that C．these D．them

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查it特殊用法。It作为无所指It,经常放在hate, appreciate，make,get等的后面构成固定句型。如I made it我成功了。I got it我明白了！句意：我抬眼人们嘴里塞的满满的说话。故A正确。

23．________ is believed that heavy smokers are more likely to develop serious illness.

A．As B．It C．Which D．What

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

本题考查it用法。解题步骤：1.确定各选项用法：空格的位置是主语，A. As引导非限制性定语从句；B. It可以作形式主语；C. Which引导主语从句；D. What引导主语从句；2.确定答案：根据believed后面的that可知，这是主语从句后置，前面用形式主语it代替。如果选A，应将that改为逗号，C/D项的话，that前应添加动词。句意：人们认为，烟瘾大的人更容易患重病。故选B。

24．The British Prime Minister was forced to make an important decision. ___________many would refuse to accept.

A．that B．the one C．one D．those

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意：英国首相被迫做出一个许多人都不愿接受的重要决定。此处用one替代an important decision，是它的同位语；one后面是省略that的定语从句。故选C。

25．We have many summer camps for your holidays. You can choose ____ based on your own interest.

A．them B．each

C．one D．it

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意：我们有许多暑期夏令营，你可以根据自己的兴趣选择一个。A. them它们；B. each每一个；C. one一个，为泛指，泛指同类事物或人中的某一个；D. it为特指，特指上文提到的某人或者某事物。根据语境可知，此处应是表示泛指的某一个，在此泛指上句提到的many summer camps中的某一个，故选C。

26．Astronomers have discovered that three planets have sizes and temperatures similar to

_______ of Earth.

A．them B．these

C．those D．ones

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词的指代。句意：天文学家发现了三个在大小和温度方面与地球相似的星球。根据句意可知此处是三个星球的大小和温度与地球的大小和温度相似，因此空白处应该是代指复数名词sizes and temperatures。those代指上文中的可数名词复数。故选C。

【点睛】

one, ones, that, those与it的区分

1.one指代上文提到的单数人的人或物,指“同一类中的一个”,表示泛指意义：即：a/an十单数可数名词；ones则代指可数名词，表泛指意义。

The population problem may be the greatest one of the world today.（one=a problem）

2.that指上文出现的名词,表示同类的东西,一般不指人,既可指代可数名词单数,又可指代不可数名词,常要求有后置定语修饰,表特指。

The weather of this week is worse than that of last week.(that=the weather)

3.those 用来代替复数可数名词,常要求有后置定语,表示特指，即the+复数可数名词。

The students in Class one are more than those in Class Two.(those=the students)

4.it 指上文提到的同一事物,与前面名词是同一物。

Is this book yours, I want to use it.(it=your book)

在本题中，此处是三个星球的大小和温度与地球的大小和温度相似，代指的内容为复数名词sizes and temperatures，且表特指地球上大小和温度，故应用those。

27．Is ________ true that the meeting will be held next week?

A．that B．he

C．this D．it

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查it用法。句意：会议将于下周举行，这是真的吗?此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是

that引导的主语从句。故选D。

28．_______ is known to us all that the old scientist, for _______ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties.

A．As; whose B．It; who C．As; whom D．It; whom

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：众所周知，这位年老的科学家，过去他的生活很艰难，在他八十多岁时仍然努力工作。It is known to us all that是个固定句型，意思是“众所周知”，这里it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，如果用as的话，as is known to us all后面要用逗号与后面的句子隔开，没有that；第二空中句子包含一个“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，指人，只能用whom，故选D。

29．Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a restaurant in a small town to ______ in so large a city as New York.

A．this B．one

C．it D．that

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意：Scott先生和太太喜欢在小镇上的餐馆，而不喜欢在像纽约这样的大城市里的餐馆。prefer A to B比起……更喜欢……，该句型是固定句型，用one代替another restaurant，故选B。

30．You should make ______ a rule to leave things______ you can find them easily.

A．it; where B．it; then C．that; there D．this; when

【答案】A

【解析】

考查代词及状语从句。句中it作形式宾语，真正宾语为to leave things where you can find them easily；where引导地点状语从句，选A。

31．– ________ of us think the English examination was difficult.

–But I still don’t think ________ could pass it.

A．All, everybody B．None, anybody

C．All, anybody D．None, everybody

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：考查部分否定和全部否定。none，nobody，no通常表示全部否定；否定词和

all，every，each连用，表示部分否定。句意：—我们中没有一个人认为这次英语测试难。—但是我仍然不是所有人都能通过这次考试。故D正确。

【名师点睛】

英语中的部分否定（即不完全否定）有如下一些表示方法：

一、 all 的否定式：not all…（或：all…not）表示"并非都……"、"不是所有的都……"例如：Not all men can be masters. (=" All" men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。

Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长得很高。

二、 both 的否定式：not…both (或：both… not) "并非两个……都……" 例如：

I don't want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。

Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。

三、every…的否定式："不是每……都……" 例如：

Not every book is educative. (或：Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。

This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。

四、 always的否定式："并非总是（并非一直）……" 例如：

He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。

五、 entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式，"不完全……"，"并非完全……" 例如：The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。

He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。

I don't agree completely. 我并不完全同意。

What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。

六、 all the time 的否定式："并非一直……"、"未必老是……"

例如： A foolish man doesn't make a mistake all the time. 笨人未必老是犯错误。

七、not…and…的否定式，被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。

例如： He did not speak clearly and correctly. 他讲得清楚但不正确?

This film is not interesting and instructive. 这部电影有趣但无教育意义。

She cannot sing and dance. 她会唱歌但不会跳舞。

如果将and 换成or，not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。

He did not speak clearly or correctly. 他讲的既不清楚也不正确。

如要对上述的all, both, every, always, 以及

entirely, altogether, completely, quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词，如no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never)… at all 等。

All of them can do it.--- None of them can do it.

Both are good.---Neither is good.

Everybody likes it. ---Nobody likes it.

He is always late. --- He is never late.

We don't trust them entirely. --- We never trust them at all.

He was here all the time. --- He was never here.

考点：考查部分否定和全部否定

32．To British people, Canadians may sound American; To Americans, they may sound British. Canadians themselves insist on not being identified with _________.

A．neither B．both C．any D．either

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：本题考查代词。A. neither也不；B. both 两个都；C. any任何； D. either两者之一。not…either两者都不。故选D。

【知识拓展】

1. neither两者都不；neither---nor---既不---也不

2. both 两个都；both---and---两个都---

3. either两者之一；either---or---或者---或者---。

考点：考查代词

33．Some people would rather ride bicycles as bicycle riding has _____of the trouble of taking buses.

A．nothing B．none C．some D．neither

【答案】B

【解析】

考查不定代词。A“什么也没有”；B“一个也没有”，指三者以上的人或物；C“一些”；D“两者都不”。句意“一些人宁愿骑自行车，因为骑自行车没有那些像乘公交车会遇到的麻烦。”这里的troubles 是泛指，表示否定一个用none。故选B。

34．---- “Lady GaGa” is a real legend!

---- Absolutely. She is a big hit in the sales of her albums. In addition, _______ of the singers around the world can match her in unique taste in haircuts and clothes.

A．nothing B．none C．nobody D．no one

【答案】B

【解析】

世界上所有的歌手在发型和穿着的独特品位上不能与她相比，none三者以上都不，nothing常回答what ,nobody no one常回答who。

35．Although we produce carbon when we breathe, the carbon we produce is much less than _________ produced by a car.

A．it B．the one C．what D．that

【答案】D

【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：尽管我们呼吸时产生二氧化碳，但我们产生的二氧化碳比汽车产生的少得多。that指代此前面的不可数名词carbon。指代前面的不可数名词，要用that，而it是指同类同物，the one,其中的one指代可数名词的单数，what是“什么”，不能指代前面的不可数名词，因此选D项。

36．Sustainable development is all about creating better health care, education, housing and improved standard of live for everyone, which is a simple idea, is hard to put into practice. A．one B．the one C．one that D．that

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查同位语从句和定语从句。句意：可持续发展就是要为每个人创造更好的医疗、教育、住房和提高生活水平，这是一个简单的想法，但很难付诸实践。分析句子结构可知，one 作a simple idea的同位语，而one后是由that引导的定语从句，that指代先行词one在定语从句中作主语，故C项正确。

37．To qualify for the job, .

A．a high school diploma is needed B．it is required that one has a high school diploma C．one needs a high school diploma D．a diploma from high school is necessary

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查表示人的代词作主语。句意：人们要有高中文凭，才有获得这份工作的资格。分析句子可知，动词不定式的逻辑主语是主句的表示人的主语。故C选项正确。

38．I noticed that she had placed my old shoes under the bed, ________ with a hole at each of the big toes.

A．the one B．the ones

C．that D．which

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查不定代词辨析。句意：我注意到她把我的那双每个大脚趾部都有一个洞的旧鞋放在了床底下。the one代指前文提到一件事或某一事物，单数的，特指；the ones代指前文提到的复数的事物，特指；that指代的物体与前文中的物体是同样的名称，但是有不同的内涵，另外代词that可以指代前文中的不可数名词；which指物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。with a hole at each of the big toes是介词短语作定语，特指前面提到的my old shoes，是复数。故选B。

39．—Oh，my English novel is missing.

—I saw Tom leaving with ________，but I am not sure whether yours was included.

A．one B．it

C．some D．that

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查指示代词。句意：——哦，我的英语小说不见了。——我看见Tom带着一些英语小说离开了，但是我不确定你的是不是在里面。因为后面有whether yours was included，可知空处应该是指some English novels，可用some代替。故C选项正确。

40．Shanghai is r eally a fascinating city and we’ve decided to stay for ______ two weeks. A．another B．other C．the other D．other’s

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意：西安确实是一个迷人的城市，我们已经决定在那里再呆上两周。fascinating迷人的，吸引人的；decide to do决定做某事；the other two weeks另外两周；another意为“再，又”。“another + 数词+名词表示另外再加上……；another two weeks =" two" other / more weeks =" a" further two weeks。根据句意故选A。

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