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学霸考研英语翻译笔记(空白背景)

学霸考研英语翻译笔记(空白背景)
学霸考研英语翻译笔记(空白背景)

翻译硕士考研英语翻译历年常考单词

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[全]备战2021中考英语,学霸笔记500个英语高频词汇拓展汇总

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awake(adj.)→wake (v.)醒来→sleep (v.)睡觉→asleep(adj.)睡着的→sleepy(adj.)困倦的 B bad(adj.)→badly (adv.)差;严重地 beautiful (adj.)→beautifully (adv.)美好地;漂亮地→beauty (n.)美;美丽beauty(n.)→beautiful(adj.)美丽的 begin(v.)→beginning(n.)开头;开端 behave(v.)→behavior (n.)表现;举止 believe (v.)→believable (adj.) 可信任的→unbelievable (反义词adj.) 难以置信的 big(adj.)→large/huge (同义词adj.)巨大的;大的→small (反义词adj.)小的;小号的 birth(n.)→birthday (n.)生日→bear (v.)出生→born (过去分词)出生 bored(adj.)→boring (adj.)令人感到厌倦的 borrow (v.)→lend(反义词v.) 借出;借给 break(n.&v.)→broken (adj.)破损的

高中英语学霸笔记

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考研英语翻译的基本方法版

考研英语翻译的基本方 法版 文档编制序号:[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]

2013年考研英语翻译的基本方法(7月 版) 在解答考生关于考研英语真题学习中的具体问题时,我们发现,很多考生对英汉翻译所懂甚少。长期以来,一直有考生提问诸如“老师,这句英文中这个短语怎么没有翻译出来?”、“这半句汉语是从那里来的,英语中怎么没有对应语句?”以及“这个句子为什么翻译成汉语时,添加了否定词?”等等的问题。在很多时候,我们只能很笼统的告诉考生:基于英汉文化的差异,在翻译的过程中需要考虑语言模式的差异。在很多时候,英译汉必须按照汉语思维模式以及语境的需要,去增添或者省略一些信息、调整一下语序、转换表达方式。 为了让考生更深入地了解英译汉,我们选用一些真题中的句子,来做先关探讨。在此之前,我们先简单地阐述一下翻译的标准和过程。 翻译标准 在我国近现代,最有影响的翻译标准是严复的“信、达、雅”。就考研英语翻译而言,由于文章的题材大多是有关、经济、文化、教育、科普以及社会生活等方面的内容,并且文体以议论文为主,说明文为辅,结构严谨,逻辑性强,我们很难在“雅”这一标准上做文章。“达”,即通顺,译文必须通顺且符合汉语的语言习惯,这是一个重要的评分标准。“信”,即忠于原文,是翻译的最高标准。由于要翻译的5个句子

是从一篇文章中截取出来的,因而译文必须和上下文表达的意思一致。如果歪曲了原文的意思,那么该句的得分就会很低。 因此,翻译不能违背原文本身,这是考研翻译的最基本标准。 翻译过程 翻译一般分三个阶段:①找核心句;②译核心句;③译其修饰限定补充的句子。由于考研英语翻译大部分句型都是长难句,这一过程显得尤为重要。简而言之,考生首先要找出句子的主干,然后再处理其余的细枝末节,如修饰成分等。考试中,考生应该先通读全文,从大处着手,通篇把握文意,然后分析需要翻译的句子,找出主干,理分支,并翻译。最后是检查书写以及时态。 翻译策略 1.直译和意译 直译,既忠于原文意思又保留原文形式的翻译;意译,不受原文词语的限制,不拘泥于原文句子的结构,用不同于原文的表达方式,把原文意思表达出来。在考研英语翻译中,我们应遵循的方法是:尽量采用直译,不能直译才采用意译,必要时直译与意译相结合。 (1)能直译就直译

历年考研英语翻译词组汇总(免费下载)

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17. result in 导致 18. not nearly 远不能;远非 19. head into走向;陷入(危机) 20. in the matter of 关于;就…而言 21. make…possible 使…成为可能 22. combine…with 把……和…结合起来;加上 23. in the fashion of 以…方式 24. such…as 像…一样 1992年 25. refer to…提到;谈到 26. agreement on 一致意见 27. be comparable to 和…相当;犹如 28. in terms of 根据;按照;在…方面 29. on the whole 总体来说;大体上看 30. draw a conclusion 得出结论 31. have the attitude towards 对…的态度 32. only if 只要 33. the same…as 与…一样 34. by lack of=for lack of 因为缺乏

考研英语一翻译真题解析

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英语学霸笔记精华!279个语法组合

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13at the age of在……岁时 eg:I am sixteen. I am at the age of sixteen. 14at the beginning of…… ……的起初;……的开始 15at the end of+地点/+时间: 最后,尽头,末尾. eg:At the end of the day. 16at this time of year在每年的这个时候 2 B 17be/feel confident of sth/that clause+从句 感觉/对什么有信心,自信 eg:I am/feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test. 18be+doing:1现在进行时2将来时 19be able to(+v原)=can(+v原)能够…… eg:She is able to sing She can sing. 20be able to do sth能够干什么 eg:she is able to sing. 21be afraid to do(of sth恐惧,害怕…… eg:I'm afraid to go out at night. 22be allowed to do被允许做什么 eg:I'm allowed to watch TV.我被允许看电视

Bybrton历年考研英语翻译精解

Time will pierce the surface or youth, will be on the beauty of the ditch dug a shallow groove ; Jane will eat rare!A born beauty, anything to escape his sickle sweep .-- Shakespeare 历年考研英语翻译精解 98年翻译题解: 71) But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to looksintosthe past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.句子分析:第一、句子可以拆分为三段:But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to looksintosthe past, / for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures / that existed 15 billion years ago.第二、句子主干结构是:主句+ for +原因状语从句。1)主句是强调句it was... that...被强调部分the farthest是后面句子的状语,可以理解为scientists had been able to look the farthestsintosthe past2) for...引导的原因状语从句是一个系表结构,what they were seeing是从句中的主语,that...是名词表语the patterns and structures的定语从句。第三、词的处理:even more important (省略)更为重要的是the patterns and structures (宇宙云的)形状和结构15 billion years ago 150亿年前完整的译文:71)但更为重要的是,这是科学家们所能观测到的最遥远的过去的景象,因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。 72) The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. 句子分析: 第一、句子可以拆分为三段:The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, / first put forward in the 1920s, / to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. 第二、句子的主干结构是一个简单句。1)整体结构是:The existence... was virtually required for..., to maintain...2)first put forward in the 1920s是过去分词短语作插入语,说明前面的名词the Big Bang 3)后面的不定式短语是补语。第三、词的处理:the giant clouds 巨大的(宇宙)云virtually 事实上,实际上,实质上the Big Bang 大爆炸理论first put forward 首创的,开始提出的in the 1920s 二十年代to maintain its reign as 以保持……的地位explanation of the cosmos 对宇宙(起源论)的解释 完整的译文:72)巨大的宇宙云的存在,实际上是使二十年代首创的大爆炸论得以保持其宇宙起源论的主导地位所必不可少的。 73) Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon. 句子分析:第一、句子可以拆分为三段:Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments / are closing in on such structures, / and may report their findings soon.第二、句子主干结构是:1)主语+并列谓语Astrophysicists...are closing...and may report...2)分词短语working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments是主语的定语。 第三、词的处理:working with 使用,以……为工作手段ground-based detectors 陆基探测器the South Pole 南极balloon-borne instruments 球载仪器are closing in on 正越来越近structures 云系findings 观测结果 完整的译文:73)天体物理学家使用南极陆基探测器及球载仪器,正越来越近地观测这些云系,也许不久会报告他们的观测结果。 74) If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. 句子分析:第一、句子可以拆分为三段:If the small hot spots look as expected, / that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, / a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory.第二、句子的结构:1)主干结构是“If引导的条件句,主句”。2)look as expected是

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考研英语十年真题大作文(2002-2011) 一、题目 2002 Directions: Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled “Cultures---National and International” In the essay you should 1.describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and 2.give your comments on the phenomenon. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET II. 2003 Directions: Study the following pictures carefully and write an essay about 200 words based on the following 1.describe the set of drawings and interpret its meaning 2.point out its implications in our life. 2004 Directions: Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should 1. describe the drawing. 2. interpret its meaning, and 3. support your view with examples. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

考研英语翻译历年真题

1、1994年 Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. According to the new school of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge. (71) Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. (72) "In short" , a leader of the new school contends, "the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions. " (73)Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. The modern school that hails technology algues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, and inventors such as Edison attached great importance to, and derived great benefit from, craft information and technological devices of different kinds that were usable in scientific experiments. The centerpiece of the argument of a technology-yes , genius-no advocate was an analysis of Galileo' s role at the start of the scientific revolution. The wisdom of the day was derived from Ptolemy, an astronomer of the second century, whose elaborate system of the sky put Earth at the center of all heavenly motions. (74)Galileo' s greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the Earth. But the real hero of the story, according to the new school of scientists, was the long evolution in the improvement of machinery for making eyeglasses . Federal policy is necessarily involved in the technology vs. genius dispute. (75)Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa (反之) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force. 精美译文 新学派的科学家认为,技术是扩大科学知识的范围中被忽视的力量。(71)他们说,科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼识,不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等等更为普通的东西。(72)新学派的一位领袖人物坚持说:“简言之,我们所称谓的科学革命,主要是指一系列器具的改进、发明和使用,这些改进、发明和使用使科学发展的范围无所不及。 (73)工具和技术本身作为根本性创新的源泉多年来在很大程度上被科学史学家和科学思想家们忽视了。为技术而欢呼的现代学派争辩说,像伽利略、牛顿、麦克斯威尔、爱因斯坦这样的科学大师和像爱迪生这样的发明家十分重视科学实验中能使用的各种不同的工艺信息和技术装置并从中受益匪浅。 鼓吹技术第一、天才第二的论据的核心是分析了科学革命初期伽利略的作用。那时的聪明才智取自第二世纪的天文学家托勒密;了精心创立的太空体系把地球置于所有天体运动的中心。(74)伽利略的最光辉的业绩在于他在1609年第一个把新发明的望远镜对准天空,

中考状员学习笔记(英语)

中考状元笔记 英语

初中学霸提升成绩的 16 个习惯 1、记忆习惯。一分钟记忆,把记忆和时间联系起来,这里还含有注意的习惯。一分钟写多少字,读多少字,记多少字,时间明确的时候,注意力一定好。把学习任务和时间联系起来,通过一分钟注意、记忆来培养学习习惯。 2、演讲习惯。让自己会整理、表达自己的思想,演讲是现代人应该具有的能力。 3、读的习惯。读中外名著或伟人传记,与高层次的思想对话,每天读一、两分钟,与大师为伍,很多教育尽在不言中,一旦形成习惯,自己会终生受益。 4、写的习惯。写日记,有话则长,无话则短,通过日记可以看出一个人有没有能力,有没有思想,有没有一以贯之的品质。 5、定计划的习惯。凡事预则利、不预则废。后进生毛病都出在计划性不强,让人家推着走,而优秀的自己长处就在于明白自己想要干什么。 6、预习习惯。让自己学进去,感受学习、探索、增长能力的快乐。所以请各位同学一定要培养自己预习的习惯。 7、适应老师的习惯。自己同时面对各学科教师,长短不齐、在所难免。自己要适应老师,与老师共同进步,不要稍不如意就埋怨环境。 8、大事做不来,小事赶快做的习惯。这也是非常要紧的一个习惯。尖子自己做尖子的事,后进自己别盲目攀比。大的目标够不到,赶快定小的目标。难题做不了,挑适合你的容易做的题去做。人生最可怕的就是大事做不来,小事不肯做,高不能成,低不肯就,上得去、下不来。所以要让我们的自己永不言败。 9、自己留作业的习惯。老师留的作业不一定同时适应所有同学。同学们要让自己做到脚踏实地、学有所得,从自己的实际出发,为自己布置作业。 10、错题集的习惯。每次考试之后,90 多分的、50 多分的、30 多分的同学,如何整理错题?扔掉的分数就不要了,这次30 分,下次40 分,这就是伟大的成绩。找到可以接受的类型题、同等程度的知识点研究一下提高的办法。整理错题集是很多同学公认的好习惯。 11、出考试题的习惯。自己应该觉得考试不神秘。高中自己应该会出高考试题,初中自己会出中考试题。 12、筛选资料、总结的习惯。自己要会根据自己实际,选择学习资料。 十二个习惯,不要求齐头并进,每个同学要有自己的特点,让老师以教书为乐,让自己以学习为快乐。这快乐要建立在养成这些良好习惯的基础上。祝大家更多地享受到学习的快乐!

(学霸笔记)高中英语作文的三个关键点【高考满分作文必备】

(学霸笔记)高中英语作文的三个关键点【高考满分作文必备】很多人在写英语作文时往往写到一半就无话可说了,作文总是得分不高。如何才能快速高效的写作进而取得高分呢? 首先要了解高考英语高分作文(21-25分)的评分要求: 1. 全部完成了试题规定的任务; 2. 覆盖所有内容要点; 3. 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇; 4. 语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误,但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致,具备较强的语言运用能力; 5. 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑; 6. 完全达到了预期的写作目的。 以上要求可以归纳概括为内容结构完整、高级词汇和语法结构运用得当、文段语句连接自然。 在实际写作过程中我们应该怎么做呢?重点是把握文章内容结构。通常情况下我们可以按照“总-分-总”的形式将文章划分为三段。 ★第一段开门见山,提出自己的观点; ★第二段摆出事实或者依据,详列事情发展的过程; ★最后一段,得出结论或总结。 但具体划分为几段,还要根据实际情况的需要。 相比于段落,语句间的过渡词更加重要。过渡词犹如润滑剂,恰当是使用可以使文章结构清楚、文字连贯流畅。

不管你将来做什么,英语都是最重要的。 8. Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有什么比接受教育更重要的事了。 9. If you have spare time to visit my hometown, I’d be more than happy to be your guide. 如果你有空闲时间我的家乡做客,我会非常乐意做你的导游。 11. Views on the issue in question vary from person to person. 对于该问题的看法因人而异。 12. I’m very satisfied with what we have achieved so far. 到目前为止,我对我们取得的成绩很是满意。 13. Early to bed and early to rise does good to your health. 早睡早起有益于健康。 14. More and more people are aware that it is important to obey the traffic rules. 越来越多的人意识到遵守交通规则的重要性。 15. With the increasingly rapid economic growth, more problems are brought to our attention. 随着日益迅速的经济发展,更多的问题受到我们的关注。 16. I suggest the department concerned taking some effective measures to improve the present situation. 我建议有关部门采取一些有效措施改善现状。

历年考研英语翻译真题

1996年英译汉试题 (1)Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating. (2)This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. (3)This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future. (4)However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world's more fascinating and delightful aspects. (5)New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance. 1997年英译汉试题 (6)Actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have. (7)Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. (8)It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. (9)Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. (10)When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind's instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at. 1998年英译汉试题 (11)But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.

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