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2015年9月3日雅思阅读真题回忆【附答案】

2015年9月3日雅思阅读真题回忆【附答案】
2015年9月3日雅思阅读真题回忆【附答案】

2015年9月3日雅思阅读真题回忆今天小编给大家带来的主要内容是2015年9月3日雅思阅读真题回忆,本次考试三篇文章一旧两新,第一篇为旧题,人类行为研究,标题Decision making and happiness,相关真题可参考CST2P2, C9T4P2。第二篇为新题,研究的是丛林狼coyote ,动物类题材可参考C7T1P1和

C9T1P3。第三篇也是新题,题材为心理学,研究了一系列动物的认知能力,相关题材可参考

C7T1P1和C7T3P1。所以大家一定要看看考题回顾,以便更好地备考接下来的雅思阅读考试。

Passage 1

题目:Decision making and Happiness

内容:人类行为研究

题型:特殊词匹配4 +判断题5 +选择题4

参考文章(高亮为高频词汇)

Decision making and Happiness

A Americans today choose among more options in more parts of life than has ever been possible before. To an extent the opportunity to choose enhances our lives. It is only logical to think that if some choice is good, more is better; people who care about having infinite options will benefit from them, and those who do not can always just ignore the 273 versions of cereal they have never tried. Yet recent research strongly suggests that psychologically, this assumption is wrong. Although some choice is undoubtedly better than none, more is not always better than less.

B Recent research offers insight into why many people end up unhappy rather than pleased when their options expand. We began by making a distinction between ’

maximisers’(those who always aim to make the best possible choice) and ’satisficers’(those who aim for “good enough, ”whether or not better selections might be out there).

C In particular, we composed a set of statements——the Maximization Scale——to diagnose people' s propensity to maximize. Then we had several thousand people rate themselves from 1 to 7 (from *“completely disagree”to “completely agree”) on such statements as “I never settle for second best ’We also evaluated their sense, of satisfaction with their decisions. We did not define a sharp cutoff to separate maximisers from satisficers, but in general, we think of individuals whose average scores are higher than 4 (the scale' s midpoint) as maximisers and those whose scores are lower than the midpoint as satisficers. People who score highest on the test—the greatest maximisers—engage in more product comparisons than the lowest scorers, both before and after they make purchasing decisions, and they take longer to decide what to buy. When satisficers find an item that meets their standards, they stop looking. But maximisers exert enormous effort reading labels, checking out consumer magazines and trying new products. They also spend more time comparing their purchasing decisions with those of others.

D We found that the greatest maximisers are the least happy with the fruits of their efforts. When they compare themselves with others, they get little pleasure from finding out that they did better and substantial dissatisfaction from finding out that they did worse. They are more prone to experiencing regret after a purchase, and if their

acquisition disappoints them, their sense of well-being takes longer to recover. They also tend to brood or ruminate more than satisficers do.

E Does it follow that maximisers are less happy in general than satisficers? We tested this by having people fill out a variety of questionnaires known to be reliable indicators of well-being. As might be expected, individuals with high maximization scores experienced less satisfaction with life and were less happy, less optimistic and more depressed than people with low maximization scores. Indeed, those with extreme maximization ratings had depression scores that placed them in the borderline clinical range.

F Several factors explain why more choice is not always better than less, especially for maximisers. High among these are ^opportunity costs. * The quality of any given option cannot be assessed in isolation from its alternatives. One of the 'costs' of making a selection is losing the opportunities that a different option would have afforded. Thus an opportunity cost of vacationing on the beach in Cape Cod might be missing the fabulous restaurants in the Napa Valley. EARLY DECISION-MAKIN

G RESEARC

H by Daniel Katmeman and Amos Tversky showed that people respond much more strongly to losses than gains. If we assume that opportunity costs reduce the overall desirability of the most preferred choice, then the more alternatives there are, the deeper our sense of loss will be and the less satisfaction we will derive from our ultimate decision.

G The problem of opportunity costs will be worse for a maximiser than for a satisficer. The latter' s *good enough1* philosophy can survive thoughts about opportunity costs. In addition, the *good enough* standard leads to much less searching and inspection of

alternatives than the maximiser' s “best“standard. With fewer choices under consideration, a person will have fewer opportunity costs to subtract

H Just as people feel sorrow about the opportunities they have forgone, they may also suffer regret about the option they settle on. My colleagues and I devised a scale to measure proneness to feeling regret, and we found that people with high sensitivity to regret are less happy, less satisfied with life, less optimistic and more depressed than those with low sensitivity. Not surprisingly, we also found that people with high regret sensitivity tend to be maximisers. Indeed, we think that worry over future regret is a major reason that individuals become maximisers. The only way to be sure you will not regret a decision is by making the best possible one. Unfortunately, the more options you have and the more opportunity costs you incur, the more likely you are to experience regret.

I ln a classic demonstration of the power of sunk costs, people were offered season subscriptions to a local theater company. Some were offered the tickets at full price and others at a discount Then the researchers simply kept track of how often the ticket purchasers actually attended the plays over the course of the season. Full-price payers were more likely to show up at performances than

discount payers. The reason for this, the investigators argued, was that the full-price payers would experience more regret if they did not use the tickets because not using the more costly tickets would constitute a bigger loss. To increase sense of happiness, we can decide to restrict our options when the decision is not crucial For example, make a rule to visit no more than two stores when shopping for clothing.

参考答案:

Questions 1-4

Use the information in the passage to match the category (listed A-D) with descriptions or deeds below. Write the appropriate letters A-D in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.

A Maximiser

B Satisficer

C Both

D Neither of them

1. finish transaction when the items match their expectation B

2. buy the most expensive things when shopping D

3. consider repeatedly until they make final decision A

4. participate in the questionnaire of the author C

Questions 5-9

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1 In boxes S-9 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement is true

FALSE if the statement is false

NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

5. With the society' s advancement more chances make our lives better and happier. False

6. There is difference of findings by different gender classification. Not Given

7. The feeling of loss is greater than that of acquisition. True

8. 'Good enough' plays a more significant role in pursuing Jbestr standards of maximiser‘False

9. There are certain correlations between the * regret* people and the maximisers. True

Questions 10-13

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

Write your answers in boxes 10-13 on your answer sheet

10. What is the subject of this passage?

A. regret makes people less happy

B. choices and Well-being

C. an interesting phenomenon

D. advices on shopping

11. According to conclusion of questionnaires, which of the following statement is correct?

A. maximisers are less happy

B. state of being optimistic is important

C uncertain results are found

D. maximisers tend to cross bottom line

12. The experimental on theater tickets suggested:

A. sales are different according to each season

B. people like to spend on the most expensive items

C people feel depressed if they spend their vouchers

D. people would regret if they failed to spend on discount sales.

13. What is author' s suggestion on how to increase happiness:

A. focus the final decision

B. be sensitive and smart

C. reduce the choice or option

D. read label carefully

(仅供参考)

Passage 2:

题目:Coyote

内容:研究丛林狼——数量的变化、人类活动对丛林狼的影响、未来丛林狼的生存问题

题型:段落细节匹配5+填空4+选择4

题号:新题

这是一篇关于coyote郊狼从野外到城市里生存的文章, 郊狼转战城市的原因是森林面积减少, 郊狼食肉动物,而且适应能力极强,而且在狼逐步灭绝的过程中,郊狼已成为顶端动物。虽天生具有攻击性,但其实即使居住在城市里,对于人类也不会具有攻击性。往往郊狼最终有攻击了人类的事情,其原因也是源自于人类的善意,比如,人类有的想要保护郊狼,然后就看到狼就喂食,而这种对于天性和本能的改变导致郊狼会有仇视产生攻击心理。郊狼在城市里的居住地范围不会占据大面积,有个小块儿隐蔽的地方就可以,但专家不会透露具体地址。郊狼在城市里最大的危险是被撞死。然后作者说保护郊狼和赶走郊狼是两难境界, 但其实人类只要允许这群狼野性地自由成长就不会有大危险。

部分答案回忆:

暂无

Passage 3 :

题目:Thinking for themselves

内容:对一系列动物认知能力的研究

题型:段落主旨配对题4+判断题S+特殊词匹配5

文章大意:

这是一篇关于对动物认知能力的研究。很多人认为动物不会像人类一样有认知能力,但有个倔强的研究者就拿来一个鹉做研究,最后德鹉除了会说语言,还会认数字,还有区别事物的能力。之后探讨动物的creativity,由于世人觉得狗不能作为研究对象,然后研究者拿鸟做研究,有一种叫jay(松鸦)的鸟,那只鸟叫betty有着惊人的创造力,她可以根据自己要取食物的需求,自己找类似

物做个钩子,研究是让别的鸟偷走betty的钩子,大家以为betty会去寻找丟失的钩子,但事实并没有,betty看到一个电线,然后卷成了钩子,获取食物,专家们都惊诧了,好赞。然后接着用鸟做例子,说明其实动物也是有心机的,她们可以根据经验判断谁是敌人,然后做出相应心机婊举动保护自己。最后用海豚证明动物超强的模仿力,但事实上有些专家还是不认可动物的认知能力,其实是他们老伴随着变化而先把对于事}勿的定义给改了,所以为了证明动物的能力,研究从未停止。

参考答案:

暂无

以上是2015年9月3日雅思阅读真题回忆的全部内容,大家可以参考一下。最后,前程百利雅思频道小编预祝大家考出满意的雅思成绩。更多出国考试信息请继续关注前程百利雅思考试频道。

雅思阅读考题回顾

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雅思真题需要做哪几套 雅思阅读真题那些事儿

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第五天可以把这套题的答案部分擦掉,再以模拟的状态做一遍套题,看看自己的正确率是否有提高。做题过程中要有意识地修正老旧的做题思路,采取曾经总结过的新思路。 做题后再次优化总结做题思路。这时,同学会对做题思路有个更加宏观的把握。也就是说,你对某种题型会有模式化的思路,甚至总结出了某种题型内部的逻辑联系。运用以上思路,解读所有阅读套题,这是一个量的积累过程。 过了一段时间后,当把所有的套题都按照以上的思路进行分析以后,考生对雅思阅读题会有一个相当深的了解,并已经熟练掌握了阅读过程中的出题敏感点。基本能够做到对不同解题思路的运用自如。并能够准确预测出题目的考察角度及考点位置。总结好的思路可以做到以一当百。 最后阶段,需对所有雅思阅读做题思路做最后一次回顾。查缺补漏,固化思维模式,并熟练各种解题套路。考前如有时间,可以快速回顾自己的解题思路,做到烂熟于心。 、做题技巧 1、怎么进行错题分析? 第一,对于做错的题要找到错题点。例如词汇不认识,替换词没看出来……可以把总结的问题或思路写在题目旁。 第二要注意的是,对整套题的错题进行细化归纳,并根据分类做好笔记。比如:思路错误20,词汇等等。

雅思阅读预测真题库4参考答案

Animal’s Self-Medicatin TRUE/NOT GIVEN/FALSE/TRUE pitch/terpenses/alkaloids/detoxity/hooks G/D/E/C Development of Public Management Theory BE/AD/AB/AC/A/B/D/C/B ---------------------------------------------17 Koalas C/C/A/B/A YES/NO/NO/NOT GIVEN/YES/NOT GIVEN/YES A Coastal Archaeology of Britain C/D/A TRUE/FALSE/TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN/TRUE/TRUE/ADF

Communication Styles and Conflict iii/vii/i/iv/ix/viii/v/ii TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN/TRUE/TRUE B Talc Powder Applied on Food and Agricultural Industries B/B/A/A/C/B 20/foam/waste water/harmful/biodegrade/droplet(s)/lamination(packing)/gr ape grower(s) Human Navigation-finding our way B / C / A / C / B / C / D / A / TRUE / NOT GIVEN / TRUE / FALSE / NOT GIVEN Plant Scents B/A/F/C TRUE/NOT GIVEN/TRUE/FALSE B/B/C/D/A

TEST 2

Questions 1-6 Classify the following information as referring to a ambergris only B amber only C both ambergris and amber d neither ambergris nor amber Write the correct letter, A, B,C, or D in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet. 1being expensive 2adds flavor to food 3used as currency 4being see-through 5referred to by Herman Melville 6produces sweet smell Questions 7-9 Complete the sentences below with NO MORE THAN ONE WORD from the passage. Write your answers in boxes 7-9 on your answer sheet. 7. Sperm whales can’t digest the ____ of the squids. 8. Sperm whales drive the irritants out of their intestines by ____. 9. T he vomit of sperm whale gradually____ on contact of air before having pleasant smell.

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2015年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析三

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Section I Words A.Match the words with the same meaning.W rite down the letters on you answer sheet. (1(1’’*6) 1.epidermic 2.motivate 3.assume 4.appealing 5.controversy 6expertise A.skill or knowledge in a particular area B.dispute,argument C.attractive D.an outbreak of a contagious disease that spreads rapidly and widely E.to provide with an incentive;impel . F.to take for granted,suppose B.Fill in the blanks with proper forms of words given in the box,one word can be used more than once.(1(1’’*10) evolve prepare propose minimum peer through cheat weep address exploit except 1.Not surprisingly,his was not well received,even though it seemed to agree with the scientific information available at the time.. 2.The little girl with disappointment when she learned that her favourite Barbie Dolls were sold out. 3.The price is her,she refuses to lower it any further. 4.Apes,monkeys and many other primates have fairly elaborate systems of calls for communicating with other members of their species. 5.Some melodies are quite manipulative,working on our emotions very effectively,and composers have often this to the full. 6.I realized I’d been when I saw the painting on sale for half the price I paid for it. 7.To this problem,Counter Intelligence built a kitchen of its own and started making gagets to fill it with. 8.Most birds don’t have a good sense of smell,but fish-eaters such as petrels and shearwaters are significant. 9.Why bother a clear door,when you can put a camera in the oven to broadcast snapshots of the activities in the oven to a screen in another room? 10.Exploration will allow us to make suitable for dealing with any dangers that we might face,and we may be able to find physical resources such as minerals. SectionⅡ.Translation A.Translate the following sentences into English.(3(3’’*5) 1.Despite the hardship he encountered,Mark never (放弃对知识的追求) 2.由于缺乏对这种病的了解,许多人依然认为HIV受害者都是自作自受。(owing to; ignorance)

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Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the Treaty A. After a period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief,continental European governments will recover their enthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in . Whether the European public will welcome a return to what voters in two countries had rejected so short a time before is another matter. B. There are several reasons for Europe’s recovering self-confidence. For years European economies had been lagging dismally behind America (to say nothing of Asia), but in the large continental economies had one of their best years for a decade, briefly outstripping America in terms of growth. Since politics often reacts to economic change with a lag,’s improvement in economic growth will have its impact in , though the recovery may be ebbing by then. C. The coming year also marks a particular point in a political cycle so regular that it almost seems to amount to a natural law. Every four or five years, European countries take a large stride towards further integration by signing a new treaty: the Maastricht treaty in 1992, the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997, the Treaty of Nice in . And in they were supposed to ratify a European constitution, laying the ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythm was rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters. But the political impetus to sign something every four or five years has only been interrupted,not immobilised, by this setback. D. In the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty—the Treaty of Rome, its founding charter. Government leaders have already agreed to celebrate it ceremoniously, restating their commitment to “ever closer union” and the basic ideals of European unity. By itself, and in normal circumstances, the EU’s 50th-birthday greeting to itself would be fairly meaningless, a routine expression of European good fellowship. But it does not take a Machiavelli to spot that once governments have signed the declaration (and it seems unlikely anyone would be so uncollegiate as to veto

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