郭著章《英汉互译实用教程》(第4版)教材配套题库-第5章 翻译常用的八种技巧【圣才出品】

第5章翻译常用的八种技巧

5.1 重译法

一、英译汉

1. It may seem strange to put into the same packet an industrial revolution and two political revolutions. But the fact is that they were all social revolutions.

【译文】把一场工业革命同两次政治革命归作一类似乎有点奇怪，但事实上这三次革命都是社会革命。

2. Two things are outstanding in the creation of the English system of canals, and they characterise all the Industrial Revolution.

【译文】在修建英国的运河网的过程中，有两点是非常突出的，而这两点也正是整个工业革命的特点。

3. The canals were arteries of communication: they were not made to carry pleasure boats, but barges.

【译文】运河是交通的动脉，开运河不是为了走游艇，而是为了通行驳船。

4. James Brindley was a pioneer in the art of building canals or, as it was then called, ‘navigation’.

【译文】布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把开凿运河叫做navigation。

5. Several factors accounted for this extraordinary achievement. One was the expansion into the west. Another was the application of machinery to farming. 【译文】取得这一特殊成就有几方面的原因：第一个原因是向西部的扩展，第二个原因是机器在农业上的应用。

6. …for the establishment of agricultural and industrial colleges. These were to serve both as educational institutions and as centers for research in scientific farming.

【译文】……以便建立农业和工业学院。这些学校一方面是教育机关，另一方面，也是农业科学的研究中心。

7. …This is nothing li ke back home in Colorado. We have rains there, too. Thunderstorms in spring and summer...

【译文】……这跟家乡科罗拉多的情况迥然不同。科罗拉多也下雨。春夏两季雷雨交加……【解析】原文第二句用there代替in Colorado，而译文重复“科罗拉多”。

8. The world watches. The world listens. The world waits to see what we will do. 【译文】全世界在注视着。全世界在倾听着。全世界在等待着看我们将做些什么。

9. As you said in your toast, the Chinese people are a great people, the American people are a great people.

【译文】正如你在祝酒时讲的那样，中国人民是伟大的人民，美国人民是伟大的人民。【解析】为了加强语气，取得一定的修辞效果，故意重复句中的某些词语。

10. Let us revise our safety and sanitary regulations.

【译文】我们来修改安全规则和卫生规则吧。

11. I identify myself as one of critical lovers and loving critics of the United Nations. 【译文】我自认为我既是一个批评联合国的爱护者，又是一个爱护联合国的批评者。

12. The composition and thickness of a thin film determine its electrical and mechanical characteristics.

【译文】薄膜成分与薄膜厚度决定薄膜的电气特性和机械特性。

13. We have to analyze and solve problems.

【译文】我们要分析问题，解决问题。

14. The decision to deploy a ballistic missile defense system depends primarily on cost, reliability and capability of the phased—array radar rather than on other technological factors.

【译文】部署弹道导弹防御系统的决策，主要取决于相控阵雷达的造价、可靠性和性能，而不是取决于其他技术因素。

15. Despite his versatility of talent and shiftiness of purpose, this man has in his whole lifetime been wedded to the most fossilized routine.

【译文】尽管他有随机应变的本领，尽管他的主张反复无常，但是他终生都是极端墨守成规的。

16. You can do it very well, if you care to.

【译文】如果你愿意做这件事，可以做得很好。

17. Water evaporates more rapidly when the temperature is high than when it is low.

【译文】温度高，水蒸发得快；温度低，水蒸发得慢。

18. Radar is a newly developed technique by which people can see the things beyond the visibility of them.

【译文】雷达是一种新开发的技术，利用雷达人们能看到视线以外的东西。

19. If she did not speak with Rebecca on the tender subject, she compensated herself with long and intimate conversation with Mrs. Blenkinsop, the house keeper, who dropped some hints to the lady’s-maid, who may have cursorily mentioned the matter to the cook, who carries the news, I have no doubt, to all the tradesmen. (Vanity Fair)

【译文】她不好和丽贝卡说起这个难出口的问题，只好和管家娘子白兰金素太太亲密地长谈

了好几回。管家娘子露了些口风给上房女佣人。上房女佣人也许约略地对厨娘说了几句，厨娘一定又去告诉了所有做买卖的。

【解析】英语中关系代词和关系副词是连接定语从句和主句的一种主要方式，在并列的宾语从句中，连词“that”也经常出现，其之前的动词常常被省略。但汉语中没有这样的关系词和连接词，所以英语关系从句里的先行词和that之前的动词在译成汉语时通常需要还原出来。

20. We have come here to express our gratitude and the friendship, complete solidarity and comradeship-in-arms that unite our two peoples.

【译文】我们来这里是为了表达我们的感激之情，也是为了表达连结我们两国人民的友谊、完全的团结和同志般的战斗情谊。

21. The solid friendship between our two countries took shape during our protracted struggles against colonialism, hegemonism, and outmoded relationships.

【译文】我们两国之间的牢固友谊是在我们反对殖民主义、反对霸权主义和反对旧式关系的持久斗争中形成的。

22. The distribution of journals of science and technology according to language shows a wide variety. Roughly speaking, some of 44 percent of scientific journals are published in English, 14 percent in German, 13 percent in French, 8 percent in Russian, 5 percent in Spanish, 4 percent in Italian, and the remainder in other

languages of the world.

【译文】科技杂志按其所用语言的分布情况来看，有多种多样。粗略地说，约有44%用英语出版，14%用德语出版，13%用法语出版，8%用俄语出版，5%用西班牙语出版，4%用意大利语出版，其余用其他语言出版。

23. Yesterday a pigeon carried the first message from the city to the town. The bird covered the distance in three minutes.

【译文】昨天一只鸽子把第一条信息从市里带到了镇里。这段距离鸽子飞了三分钟。

【解析】重复下义词，以代替上义词。

24. An electron tube is generally used for amplification, and vacuum tube is another name for this device.

【译文】电子管通常用来放大，而真空管则是电子管的另一名称。

25. John’s bought himself a new Ford. He practically lives in the car.

【译文】约翰给自己买了一部新的福特牌汽车，他几乎就住在这部汽车里。

26. Eric Kempka received an order to deliver immediately 200 liters of gasoline in cans to the chancellery garden. Kempka had some difficulty in rounding up so much fuel, but he managed to collect 180 liters. (The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich)

【译文】埃里克·肯普卡接到命令，要将200升汽油装入油罐，立即送到总理花园。肯普卡