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现代大学英语基础写作(下)笔记

现代大学英语基础写作(下)笔记
现代大学英语基础写作(下)笔记

Writing

Unit 1 (1)

1. Narration (Personal Narratives) (P1-2) (1)

2. Coordination & Subordination (P12) (1)

Coordination (1)

Subordination (2)

Unit 2 (2)

1. Decription (Places)(P21-22) (2)

2. Parallelism (P31-32) (3)

Unit 3 (3)

1. Narration (Objective Reports) (P42) (3)

2. Action verbs &Active verbs (P52) (3)

Circumstances of using passive voice (3)

Unit 4 (4)

1. Description: objects (P64) (4)

2. Variety(多样性)(P76) (4)

Unit 5 (5)

1. Narration: chain of action (P82) (5)

Showing &telling in narration (5)

2.Task 未教(P93) (6)

Unit 6 (6)

1. Description: People (P102) (6)

2. Effective Sentences: Conciseness 简明,简洁(打印) (6)

Unit 7 (7)

1. Narration: Historical Narratives (P126) (7)

Unit 8 (8)

1. Personal Letters (P150) (8)

Unit 1

1. Narration (Personal Narratives) (P1-2)

1)Types :personal experience/imaginative fiction/historical narrative

2)How to write:

◆①A topic sentence

◆②First person point of view

◆③In chronological order

◆④Using transitions

◆⑤Vivid details

2. Coordination & Subordination (P12)

Coordination

1)Definition :combine ideas/create equal emphasis

2)How to coordinate

◆Words &phases :

①A coordinating conjunction

②A pair of correlative conjunction

③In the same kind of grammatical construction

◆Clauses ①“,”+”fan boys”

②“;”+”conjunctive adverbs”(however)

3)Coordination

Subordination

1)Definition :combine ideas/create unequal emphasis

2)How to subordinate

◆subordinate clauses :①Subordinating conjunction

②Relative pronouns

◆Phrase or single words

Unit 2

1. Decription (Places)(P21-22)

1)Definition: a word picture

2)Types :◆objective: no any personal comment

◆Subjective: free to interpret details

3)Methods of organization:

◆①Using the sense (look ,smells ,sounds)

◆②Using the spatial order(空间顺序)

◆③Using chronological order

4)Tips :

◆On a dominant impression (主要印象)

◆Don’t use too many adjectives and adverbs

◆Precise nouns and vivid verbs

◆Don’t qualify every noun with adjective

2. Parallelism (P31-32)

1)Definition :

Express equally important ideas in the same grammatical form

2)types :

◆①parallel words (gerund 动名词,nouns ,verbs)

◆②parallel phrases (prepositional phrases, verb phrases)

◆③parallel clauses

Unit 3

1. Narration (Objective Reports) (P42)

1)Types :First person :“I”

Third person: “he””she””they”

2. Action verbs &Active verbs (P52)

1)Tips:

◆①replace the verb” be”

◆②Don’t overuse the pattern ”there be”

◆③Use the active voice instead of the passive voice(被动) Circumstances of using passive voice

◆①The performer of an action is unknown or too well-known

◆②Emphasize the recipient (接受者)

◆③You don’t want to mention the performer

Unit 4

1. Description: objects (P64)

1)Methods of organization:

◆①Using the sense (look ,smells ,sounds)

◆②Using the spatial order(空间顺序)

◆③Listing functions

◆④Using chronological order

2)Tips on how to describe an objects

◆how you got the object

◆Basic factual information(size, shape, texture<质地>)

◆Useful features

◆Focus on the most important of the object

◆Why it is important

◆Your feeling (how you like it)

2. Variety(多样性)(P76)

1)How to use sentence variety

◆Vary sentence opening

◆Vary sentence structure

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